Ibintu tugomba guhunga

“Mwa rubyaro rw’impiri mwe, ni nde wababuriye ngo muhunge umujinya wegereje?”​—MAT 3:7.

1. Ni izihe ngero ziboneka muri Bibiliya zivuga ibyo guhunga?

UTEKEREZA iki iyo wumvise ijambo ‘guhunga’? Bamwe bashobora kwibuka igihe umusore mwiza Yozefu yahungaga umugore wa Potifari washakaga ko baryamana (Itang 39:7-12). Abandi bashobora gutekereza ku Bakristo bahunze Yerusalemu mu mwaka wa 66, bumvira umuburo wa Yesu wagiraga uti “nimubona Yerusalemu igoswe n’ingabo zikambitse, . . . abazaba bari i Yudaya bazatangire guhungira mu misozi, n’abazaba bari muri Yerusalemu bazayivemo.”—Luka 21:20, 21.

2, 3. (a) Ni iki amagambo aciraho iteka abayobozi b’idini yavuzwe na Yohana Umubatiza yumvikanishaga? (b) Ni gute Yesu yashimangiye umuburo wari waratanzwe na Yohana?

² Ingero tumaze kubona zivuga ibyo guhunga ibi bisanzwe. Muri iki gihe, birihutirwa ko Abakristo b’ukuri bari mu bihugu hafi ya byose byo ku isi, bahunga mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo. Yohana Umubatiza yakoresheje ijambo ‘guhunga’ muri ubwo buryo. Mu bantu basangaga Yohana, harimo n’abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi bigiraga abakiranutsi, kandi bumvaga ko badakeneye kwihana. Basuzuguraga abantu bo muri rubanda rusanzwe babatizwaga kugira ngo bagaragaze ko bihannye. Yohana yahishuye ashize amanga ko abo bayobozi bari indyarya, agira ati “mwa rubyaro rw’impiri mwe, ni nde wababuriye ngo muhunge umujinya wegereje? Nuko rero, nimwere imbuto zikwiranye no kwihana.”—Mat 3:7, 8.

³ Yohana ntiyavugaga ibyo guhunga ibi bisanzwe. Yatangaga umuburo warebanaga n’urubanza rwari rwegereje, ari wo munsi w’umujinya. Byongeye kandi, yamenyesheje abo bayobozi b’idini ko niba barashakaga guhunga uwo munsi, bagombaga kwera imbuto zari kugaragaza ko bihannye. Nyuma yaho, Yesu yashinje ashize amanga abo bayobozi b’idini ko icyifuzo cyo kwica bari bafite cyagaragazaga ko bakomoka kuri Satani rwose (Yoh 8:44). Yesu yashimangiye umuburo Yohana yari yarabahaye, na we abita ‘abana b’impiri,’ maze arababaza ati “muzahunga mute urubanza rwa Gehinomu?” (Mat 23:33). Ni iki Yesu yashakaga kuvuga ubwo yavugaga “Gehinomu”?

4. Ni iki Yesu yashakaga kuvuga igihe yavugaga “Gehinomu”?

⁴ Gehinomu yari ikibaya cyari inyuma y’inkuta za Yerusalemu, hakaba haratwikirwaga imyanda n’intumbi z’inyamaswa. Yesu yakoresheje ijambo Gehinomu nk’ikigereranyo cyo kurimbuka iteka. (Reba ipaji ya 27.) Kuba yarabajije ukuntu abo bayobozi b’idini bari guhunga iteka ry’i Gehinomu bigaragaza ko abo bayobozi, mu rwego rw’itsinda, bari bakwiriye kurimbuka iteka.—Mat 5:22, 29.

5. Amateka agaragaza ate ko umuburo Yohana na Yesu batanze wasohoye?

⁵ Abayobozi b’Abayahudi bongereye ibyaha byabo batoteza Yesu n’abigishwa be. Nyuma yaho, umunsi w’umujinya w’Imana warageze, nk’uko Yohana na Yesu bari barabitanzemo umuburo. Icyo gihe ‘umujinya wari wegereje’ wageze mu gace ka Yerusalemu na Yudaya gusa, ibyo bikaba byaratumye noneho guhunga ibi bisanzwe bishoboka. Igihe cy’uwo mujinya cyasohoye ubwo Yerusalemu n’urusengero rwayo byasenywaga n’ingabo z’Abaroma mu mwaka wa 70. Uwo ‘mubabaro’ wari ukomeye kuruta ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyageze kuri Yerusalemu. Abantu benshi barishwe, abandi bajyanwa mu bunyage. Irimbuka nk’iryo, ariko ryo rikomeye cyane kurushaho, rizagera ku bantu biyita Abakristo no ku bantu bari mu yandi madini.—Mat 24:21.

 Guhunga umujinya dutegereje

6. Ni iki cyaje kwaduka mu itorero rya gikristo ryo mu kinyejana cya mbere?

⁶ Bamwe mu Bakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere babaye abahakanyi, kandi hari abantu babayobotse (Ibyak 20:29, 30). Igihe intumwa za Yesu zari zikiriho, ‘zakumiraga’ ubwo buhakanyi, ariko zimaze gupfa, haduka udutsiko twinshi tw’Abakristo b’ibinyoma. Muri iki gihe, hari amadini abarirwa mu magana yiyita aya gikristo afite inyigisho zivuguruzanya. Bibiliya yari yaravuze ko hazabaho abayobozi b’amadini yiyita aya gikristo, maze mu rwego rw’itsinda ibita ‘umuntu ukora iby’ubwicamategeko n’umwana wo kurimbuka, uwo Umwami Yesu azica kandi akamuhinduza ubusa kuboneka k’ukuhaba kwe.’—2 Tes 2:3, 6-8.

7. Kuki amagambo ngo “umuntu ukora iby’ubwicamategeko” akwiriye kwerekezwa ku itsinda ry’abayobozi b’amadini yiyita aya gikristo?

⁷ Abayobozi b’amadini yiyita aya gikristo ni abicamategeko, kubera ko bayobeje abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni babigisha inyigisho zihabanye n’ibyo Bibiliya yigisha, bakabashora mu minsi mikuru itemewe na Bibiliya, kandi bagashyigikira imyifatire inyuranye n’ibyo Bibiliya yigisha. Kimwe n’abayobozi b’amadini Yesu yaciriyeho iteka, abayobozi b’amadini bo muri iki gihe bari mu bagize ‘umwana wo kurimbuka,’ bugarijwe n’irimbuka ku buryo batazigera bazuka (2 Tes 1:6-9). Ariko se, ni iki gitegereje abantu bayobejwe n’abayobozi b’amadini yiyita aya gikristo n’abayobejwe n’andi madini y’ibinyoma? Kugira ngo dusubize icyo kibazo, nimucyo dusuzume ibintu byakurikiye irimbuka rya mbere rya Yerusalemu ryabaye mu mwaka wa 607 Mbere ya Yesu.

“Nimuhunge muve muri Babuloni”

8, 9. (a) Ni ubuhe butumwa bw’ubuhanuzi Yeremiya yahaye Abayahudi bari mu bunyage i Babuloni? (b) Ni ukuhe guhunga kwabaye igihe Abamedi n’Abaperesi bari bamaze gufata Babuloni?

⁸ Umuhanuzi Yeremiya yahanuye irimbuka rya Yerusalemu ryo mu mwaka wa 607 Mbere ya Yesu. Yavuze ko ubwoko bw’Imana bwari kujyanwa mu bunyage, ariko ko bwari kugarurwa mu gihugu cyabwo nyuma y’“imyaka mirongo irindwi” (Yer 29:4, 10). Yeremiya yari afitiye ubutumwa bw’ingenzi Abayahudi bari barajyanywe mu bunyage i Babuloni. Bagombaga kutanduzwa n’idini ry’ikinyoma ryari i Babuloni. Ku bw’ibyo, bari kuba biteguye gusubira i Yerusalemu no gusubizaho ugusenga k’ukuri igihe Yehova yari yarateganyije kigeze. Ibyo byabaye nyuma gato y’uko Abamedi n’Abaperesi bafata Babuloni mu mwaka wa 539 Mbere ya Yesu. Umwami w’Umuperesi witwa Kuro II yasohoye itegeko ryavugaga ko Abayahudi bataha, maze bakongera kubaka urusengero rwa Yehova i Yerusalemu.—Ezira 1:1-4.

⁹ Abayahudi babarirwa mu bihumbi bakoresheje ubwo buryo bari babonye, maze baratahuka (Ezira 2:64-67). Mu kubigenza batyo, basohoje ubuhanuzi bwa Yeremiya bwabasabaga guhunga bakava mu karere kamwe bajya mu kandi. (Soma muri Yeremiya 51:6, 45, 50.) Ntibyashobokeye Abayahudi bose gukora urwo rugendo rurerure rwo gusubira i Yerusalemu n’i Buyuda. Abasigaye i Babuloni, urugero nka Daniyeli wari ugeze  mu za bukuru, bari kwemerwa n’Imana ari uko gusa bashyigikiye gahunda yo gusenga k’ukuri yari i Yerusalemu n’umutima wabo wose, kandi bagakomeza kwitandukanya n’ugusenga kw’ikinyoma kwari i Babuloni.

10. “Babuloni Ikomeye” ni nyirabayazana w’ibihe bintu ‘biteye ishozi’?

¹⁰ Muri iki gihe, abantu benshi bari mu madini anyuranye y’ikinyoma afite inkomoko muri Babuloni ya kera (Itang 11:6-9). Mu rwego rw’itsinda, ayo madini ni “Babuloni Ikomeye, nyina w’abamaraya n’ibiteye ishozi byo mu isi” (Ibyah 17:5). Kuva kera, idini ry’ikinyoma rizwiho kuba ryaragiye rishyigikira abayobozi ba politiki b’iyi si. Idini ry’ikinyoma ni ryo nyirabayazana w’“ibiteye ishozi byo mu isi.” Muri byo harimo intambara zahitanye abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni amagana ‘biciwe mu isi’ (Ibyah 18:24). Ibindi bintu ‘biteye ishozi,’ ni ibikorwa byo konona abana hamwe n’ubwiyandarike bukorwa n’abayobozi b’amadini, kandi bikihanganirwa n’ababayobora. Ese byaba bitangaje kumva ko Yehova Imana agiye gukuraho burundu idini ry’ikinyoma?—Ibyah 18:8.

11. Ni iyihe nshingano Abakristo bagomba gusohoza kugeza ku irimbuka rya Babuloni Ikomeye?

¹¹ Kubera ko Abakristo b’ukuri bazi ibyo bintu, bafite inshingano yo kuburira abari muri Babuloni Ikomeye. Bumwe mu buryo babikoramo ni ugukwirakwiza Bibiliya n’ibitabo by’imfashanyigisho zayo bitegurwa n’‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge,’ uwo Yesu yashyizeho ngo atange “ibyokurya [byo mu buryo bw’umwuka] mu gihe gikwiriye” (Mat 24:45). Iyo abantu bashimishijwe n’ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya, hashyirwaho gahunda yo kuyibigisha. Wenda bazabona ko ari ngombwa ‘guhunga bakava muri Babuloni’ amazi atararenga inkombe.—Ibyah 18:4.

Muhunge ibigirwamana

12. Imana ibona ite ibyo gusenga ibishushanyo?

¹² Ikindi kintu giteye ishozi cyogeye muri Babuloni Ikomeye, ni ugusenga ibigirwamana. Imana ibyita “ibizira” n’“ibigirwamana” (Guteg 29:16). Abashaka gushimisha Imana bose bagomba kwirinda gusenga ibigirwamana, bagahuza n’amagambo yayo agira ati “ndi Uwiteka ni ryo zina ryanjye, icyubahiro cyanjye sinzagiha undi, n’ishimwe ryanjye sinzariha ibishushanyo bibajwe.”—Yes 42:8.

13. Ni ubuhe buryo bufifitse bwo gusenga ibigirwamana tugomba guhunga?

¹³ Nanone kandi, Ijambo ry’Imana rishyira ahagaragara uburyo bufifitse bwo gusenga ibigirwamana. Urugero, rivuga ko kurarikira ari ‘ugusenga ibigirwamana’ (Kolo 3:5). Kurarikira bisobanura kwifuza ikintu kibujijwe, urugero nko kwifuza ibintu by’undi (Kuva 20:17). Umumarayika wabaye Satani yifuje kumera nk’Isumbabyose kandi yifuza gusengwa (Luka 4:5-7). Ibyo byatumye yigomeka kuri Yehova kandi yoshya Eva atuma ararikira ikintu Imana yari yarabuzanyije. Mu buryo runaka, Adamu na we yasenze ibigirwamana igihe yarekaga icyifuzo cye gishingiye ku bwikunde cyo kudahara umugore we, kikagira agaciro karuta ako kumvira Se wo mu ijuru wuje urukundo. Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, abantu bose bashaka guhunga umunsi w’umujinya w’Imana bagomba kuyisenga batayibangikanyije n’ikindi kintu, kandi bakirinda kurarikira kose nk’uko.

 “Muhunge ubusambanyi”

14-16. (a) Kuki twavuga ko Yozefu yabaye urugero rwiza mu birebana no kwirinda ubwiyandarike? (b) Ni iki twagombye gukora kugira ngo tudategekwa n’irari ry’ibitsina ryanduye? (c) Ni gute twagira icyo tugeraho ku birebana no guhunga ubusambanyi?

¹⁴Soma mu 1 Abakorinto 6:18. Igihe umugore wa Potifari yageragezaga koshyoshya Yozefu, yaramuhunze. Mbega urugero rwiza yasigiye Abakristo b’abaseribateri n’abashatse! Uko bigaragara, umutimanama wa Yozefu wari waratojwe n’ibintu byari byarabaye mbere yaho byagaragazaga uko Imana ibona ubwiyandarike. Niba dushaka kumvira itegeko ryo ‘guhunga ubusambanyi,’ tuzirinda ibintu byose bishobora gutuma turarikira kugirana imibonano mpuzabitsina n’umuntu wese tutashakanye. Bibiliya igira iti “mwice ingingo z’imibiri yanyu . . . ku birebana n’ubusambanyi, ibikorwa by’umwanda, irari ry’ibitsina, ibyifuzo byangiza no kurarikira, ari byo gusenga ibigirwamana. Ibyo ni byo bizana umujinya w’Imana.”—Kolo 3:5, 6.

¹⁵ Zirikana ko “umujinya w’Imana” uje. Abantu benshi muri iyi si batuma irari ry’ibitsina ridakwiriye ryiyongera, maze bakemera gutegekwa na ryo. Ku bw’ibyo, twebwe Abakristo tugomba gusenga Imana tuyisaba kudufasha kandi tugasaba umwuka wera, kugira ngo tudategekwa n’irari ry’ibitsina ryanduye. Byongeye kandi, kwiga Bibiliya, kujya mu materaniro ya gikristo no kugeza ubutumwa bwiza kuri bagenzi bacu bizadufasha ‘gukomeza kuyoborwa n’umwuka.’ Nitubigenza dutyo ‘ntituzakora ibyo umubiri urarikira.’—Gal 5:16.

¹⁶ Nta gushidikanya, niba tureba porunogarafiya, ‘ntituzayoborwa n’umwuka.’ Nanone kandi, buri Mukristo akeneye kwirinda gusoma ibintu bishobora kubyutsa irari ry’ibitsina, kubireba cyangwa kubyumva. Ikindi kandi, ntibikwiriye ko “abera” b’Imana bashimishwa no gutera urwenya kuri ibyo bintu cyangwa kubiganiraho mu buryo budakwiriye (Efe 5:3, 4). Iyo tubigenje dutyo, tuba tugaragariza Data wuje urukundo ko twifuza rwose guhunga umujinya we ugiye kuza kandi ko twifuza kuba mu isi nshya ikiranuka.

Muhunge “gukunda amafaranga”

17, 18. Kuki tugomba guhunga “gukunda amafaranga”?

¹⁷ Mu ibaruwa ya mbere Pawulo yandikiye Timoteyo, yagaragaje amahame yagombaga kugenga Abakristo b’abagaragu bafite ba shebuja bizera. Bamwe bashobora kuba baritegaga inyungu runaka kubera ko bakoreshwaga n’Abakristo. Abandi bo bashobora kuba barageragezaga gukura indamu ku bagize itorero rya gikristo. Pawulo yatanze umuburo wo kwirinda ‘kwibwira ko kubaha Imana ari uburyo bwo kwibonera indamu.’ Umuzi w’ikibazo ushobora kuba wari ‘ugukunda amafaranga,’ ibyo bikaba bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku muntu wese, yaba akize cyangwa akennye.—1 Tim 6:1, 2, 5, 9, 10.

¹⁸ Ese waba wibuka ingero z’abantu bavugwa muri Bibiliya, bagiye bangiza imishyikirano bari bafitanye n’Imana bitewe no “gukunda amafaranga,” cyangwa ibintu bitari ngombwa amafaranga ashobora kugura (Yos 7:11, 21; 2 Abami 5:20, 25-27)? Pawulo yateye Timoteyo inkunga agira ati “wowe muntu w’Imana, uhunge ibyo bintu. Ahubwo ukurikire gukiranuka, kubaha Imana, kwizera, urukundo, kwihangana no kwitonda” (1 Tim 6:11). Kumvira iyo nama ni ibintu by’ingenzi cyane ku bantu bose bashaka kurokoka umunsi w’umujinya wegereje.

‘Duhunge irari rya gisore’

19. Ni iki urubyiruko rwose rukeneye?

¹⁹Soma mu Migani 22:15. Kubera ko mu mutima w’umusore n’uw’inkumi habamo ubupfapfa, bushobora kubayobya mu buryo bworoshye. Ikintu gishobora gutuma ibyo bitabaho ni inama zishingiye ku Byanditswe. Abenshi mu rubyiruko rw’Abakristo bafite ababyeyi batari Abahamya ba Yehova, bihatira kumenya amahame ya Bibiliya no kuyashyira mu bikorwa. Abandi bo bungukirwa n’inama zirangwa n’ubwenge  bahabwa n’abantu bo mu itorero bakuze mu buryo bw’umwuka. Kumvira inama ishingiye kuri Bibiliya utitaye ku wayitanze, bishobora gutuma ugira ibyishimo muri iki gihe no mu gihe kizaza.—Heb 12:8-11.

20. Ni gute urubyiruko rwabona ibintu byarufasha guhunga ibyifuzo bibi?

²⁰Soma muri 2 Timoteyo 2:20-22. Abakiri bato benshi batabonye inama z’ingirakamaro bagiye bagwa mu bikorwa by’ubupfapfa, urugero nko kurangwa n’umwuka wo kurushanwa, kurarikira, ubusambanyi, gukunda amafaranga no kwiruka inyuma y’ibinezeza. Ibyo bigaragaza “irari rya gisore” kandi Bibiliya idutera inkunga yo kurihunga. Guhunga iryo rari bisaba Umukristo ukiri muto kwirinda ibintu byamwangiza, aho byaba biturutse hose. Inama ituruka ku Mana imusaba gukurikira imico yayo ‘afatanyije n’abambaza izina ry’Umwami bafite umutima ukeye,’ ni iy’ingirakamaro mu buryo bwihariye.

21. Ni irihe sezerano rihebuje Yesu Kristo yahaye abigishwa be bagereranywa n’intama?

²¹ Twaba tukiri bato cyangwa dukuze, kwanga gutegera amatwi abantu bagerageza kutuyobya bigaragaza ko twifuza kubarirwa mu bigishwa ba Yesu bagereranywa n’intama ‘zihunga amajwi y’abo zitazi’ (Yoh 10:5). Icyakora, guhunga umunsi w’umujinya w’Imana bidusaba ibirenze guhunga ibintu byangiza. Tugomba gukomeza kugira imico myiza. Mu ngingo ikurikira tuzasuzuma imico irindwi muri yo. Dufite impamvu zumvikana zo kurushaho kuyisuzuma kubera ko Yesu yatanze iri sezerano rihebuje agira ati “[intama zanjye] nziha ubuzima bw’iteka, kandi ntizizigera zirimbuka, kandi nta wuzazikura mu kuboko kwanjye.”—Yoh 10:28.

Ni gute wasubiza?

• Ni uwuhe muburo Yesu yahaye abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi?

• Ni akahe kaga kugarije abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni muri iki gihe?

• Ni ubuhe buryo bufifitse bwo gusenga ibigirwamana tugomba guhunga?

[Ibibazo]

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 8 n’iya 9]

Utekereza iki iyo wumvise ijambo ‘guhunga’?