1, 2. Ni iki turi busuzume ku birebana n’amakoraniro?

AMAKORANIRO mpuzamahanga n’amakoraniro y’intara amaze igihe kirekire ari kimwe mu biranga ibikorwa by’Abahamya ba Yehova muri iki gihe. Hari benshi muri twe bagiye muri ayo makoraniro ashimishije, wenda bakaba bamaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo bayajyamo.

² Mu myaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi ishize, abari bagize ubwoko bw’Imana na bo bagiraga amakoraniro yera. Turi busuzume ibirebana n’amakoraniro y’abari bagize ubwoko bw’Imana avugwa muri Bibiliya, turebe n’icyo ahuriyeho n’amakoraniro aba muri iki gihe. Nanone turi burebe icyo kujya muri ayo makoraniro bitumarira.—Zab 44:1; Rom 15:4.

3. (a) Ni iki cyaranze ikoraniro rya mbere rinini ry’abari bagize ubwoko bwa Yehova? (b) Abisirayeli babwirwaga n’iki ko igihe cyo guteranira hamwe kigeze?

³ Ikoraniro rya mbere rinini rivugwa muri Bibiliya ryabaye igihe Abisirayeli bose bakoraniraga ku musozi wa Sinayi, kugira ngo Yehova abahe amategeko. Icyo cyari igihe cyihariye mu mateka y’abasengaga by’ukuri. Yehova yagaragarije Abisirayeli imbaraga ze kandi abaha Amategeko ye. Uwo wari umunsi abari aho bose batari kuzigera bibagirwa. (Kuva 19:2-9, 16-19; soma mu Kuva 20:18; Gutegeka 4:9, 10.) Kuri uwo munsi, imishyikirano Imana yagiranaga n’Abisirayeli yarahindutse. Nyuma yaho Yehova yabwiye Mose uko yari kujya akoranya Abisirayeli. Yasabye Mose gucura impanda ebyiri mu ifeza, zari kujya zikoreshwa mu guhamagaza “iteraniro ryose,” kugira ngo riteranire “ku muryango w’ihema ry’ibonaniro” (Kub 10:1-4). Tekereza ibyishimo abantu bagiraga mu bihe nk’ibyo!

4, 5. Ni mu buhe buryo amakoraniro yateguwe na Mose na Yosuwa yari yihariye?

⁴ Ahagana ku mpera y’imyaka 40 Abisirayeli bamaze mu  butayu, igihe cyari kigoye mu mateka y’iryo shyanga ryari rimaze igihe gito rivutse, Mose yakoranyirije hamwe Abisirayeli bagenzi be. Bari hafi kwinjira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano. Icyo cyari igihe gikwiriye kugira ngo Mose yibutse abavandimwe be ibyo Yehova yari yarabakoreye n’ibyo yari kubakorera byose.—Guteg 29:1-15; 30:15-20; 31:30.

⁵ Birashoboka ko muri iryo koraniro ari bwo Mose yabwiye Abisirayeli gahunda yari kuzajya ibaho buri gihe yo gukoranya abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova, kugira ngo bigishwe. Buri myaka irindwi, mu gihe cy’Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando, abagabo, abagore, abana n’abimukira bo muri Isirayeli bagombaga guteranira ahantu Yehova yatoranyije, ‘kugira ngo batege amatwi kandi bige gutinya Yehova, kandi bakurikize amagambo yose yo mu mategeko.’ (Soma mu Gutegeka 31:1, 10-12.) Muri ubwo buryo, Yehova yagaragarije iryo shyanga ryari rimaze igihe gito rivutse ko yashakaga ko bajya bakoranira hamwe kenshi kugira ngo basuzume ijambo rye n’imigambi ye. Igihe Abisirayeli bari bamaze kwigarurira Igihugu cy’Isezerano ariko bagikikijwe n’amahanga y’abapagani, Yosuwa yakoranyirije hamwe Abisirayeli kugira ngo abafashe gukomera ku mwanzuro wabo wo gukomeza kuba indahemuka kuri Yehova. Icyo gihe Abisirayeli bahise bahiga umuhigo ko bari kuzakorera Imana.—Yos 23:1, 2; 24:1, 15, 21-24.

6, 7. Ni ayahe makoraniro y’ingenzi ubwoko bwa Yehova bwo muri iki gihe bwagize?

⁶ Amateka y’ubwoko bwa Yehova muri iki gihe na yo yaranzwe n’amakoraniro yihariye. Muri ayo makoraniro hagiye hatangazwa ibintu byahindutse mu birebana n’imikorere y’umuteguro ndetse hagatangwa n’ibisobanuro bishya ku mirongo y’Ibyanditswe (Imig 4:18). Ikoraniro rya mbere rinini Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bagize nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose, ryabaye mu mwaka wa 1919, ribera i Cedar Point, muri Leta ya Ohio ho muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Muri iryo koraniro ryarimo abantu bagera ku 7.000, hatanzwe itangazo rivuga ko abagize ubwoko bw’Imana bari bagiye kwihatira kubwiriza ku isi hose. Mu rindi koraniro na ryo ryabereye aho mu mwaka wa 1922, ryamaze iminsi icyenda, umuvandimwe Joseph F. Rutherford yatanze disikuru ifite imbaraga atera abari bateraniye aho bose inkunga yo gukomeza kubwiriza kugeza igihe Babuloni Ikomeye izarimbukira. Yaravuze ati “isi yose igomba kumenya ko Yehova ari Imana kandi ko Yesu Kristo ari Umwami w’abami. Uyu ni umunsi ukomeye cyane. Nimurebe, Umwami arategeka! Ni mwe mugomba kumwamamaza. Ku bw’ibyo nimutangaze, mutangaze, mutangaze Umwami n’ubwami bwe.” Abari bateraniye aho, ndetse n’abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova ku isi hose, babyakiranye ibyishimo byinshi.

⁷ Mu ikoraniro ryabereye i Columbus, muri Leta ya Ohio mu mwaka wa 1931, Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bishimiye kwitwa izina rishya ry’Abahamya ba Yehova. Hanyuma mu mwaka wa 1935, mu ikoraniro ryabereye i Washington, D.C., umuvandimwe Rutherford yasobanuye ibirebana n’abagize “imbaga y’abantu benshi” bavugwa mu Byahishuwe, “bahagaze imbere y’intebe y’ubwami n’imbere y’Umwana w’intama” (Ibyah 7:9-17). Mu mwaka wa 1942, mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, Nathan H. Knorr yatanze disikuru ishishikaje yari ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Amahoro—mbese ashobora kuramba?” Muri iyo disikuru yasobanuye ibirebana n’‘inyamaswa y’inkazi itukura’ ivugwa mu Byahishuwe igice cya 17, kandi avuga ko nyuma y’intambara hari kuzaba hari byinshi byo gukora mu murimo wo kubwiriza.

8, 9. Kuki amakoraniro amwe n’amwe yatumye ubwoko bw’Imana bwishima mu buryo bwihariye?

⁸ Mu ikoraniro ryabereye i Cleveland, muri Leta ya Ohio, mu mwaka wa 1946, ryari rifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Amahanga yishimye,” umuvandimwe Knorr yatanze disikuru yari ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Ibibazo birebana no kongera kubaka ndetse no kwagura amazu y’umuteguro.” Hari umuvandimwe wavuze uko abari bateze amatwi iyo disikuru babyakiriye agira ati “kubera ko kuri uwo mugoroba nari kumwe na we kuri platifomu, igihe yavugaga ibyo kwagura Beteli y’i Brooklyn  n’icapiro ryaho, abari bateraniye aho bakomye amashyi y’urufaya. Ndetse n’umuntu wareberaga kure yashoboraga kubona ko abo bantu bari basazwe n’ibyishimo.” Mu ikoraniro mpuzamahanga ryabereye i New York City mu mwaka wa 1950, abari bateranye bashimishijwe no guhabwa Bibiliya yitwa Ubuhinduzi bw’isi nshya bw’Ibyanditswe by’ikigiriki bya gikristo (mu cyongereza), akaba ari yo Bibiliya ya mbere ikoresha ururimi ruhuje n’igihe tugezemo, yashubije izina ry’Imana mu mwanya waryo.—Yer 16:21.

⁹ Hari amakoraniro yabereye mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe aho Abahamya ba Yehova bari baratotejwe cyane cyangwa aho batari bemerewe kubwiriza. Ayo makoraniro yabaye ibihe by’ibyishimo ku bari bayarimo. Urugero, Adolf Hitler yari yariyemeje gutsemba Abahamya ba Yehova mu Budage. Ariko mu mwaka wa 1955, i Nuremberg habereye ikoraniro ryarimo Abahamya bagera ku 107.000, bateraniye aho Hitler n’abambari be bakoraniraga. Abenshi mu bari bahari basutse amarira y’ibyishimo! Mu bantu 166.518 bari mu makoraniro atatu yari afite umutwe uvuga ngo “Kwiyegurira Imana” yabereye muri Polonye mu mwaka wa 1989, harimo benshi bari baturutse mu cyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti, muri Tchécoslovaquie no mu bindi bihugu byo mu Burasirazuba bw’u Burayi. Kuri bamwe bwari ubwa mbere bateraniye hamwe n’abagize ubwoko bw’Imana basaga 15 cyangwa 20. Tekereza ibyishimo abantu bari bafite mu ikoraniro mpuzamahanga ryari rifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Inyigisho ziva ku Mana” ryabereye i Kiev muri Ukraine mu mwaka wa 1993, hakabatizwa abantu bagera ku 7.402, icyo gihe akaba ari bwo habatijwe Abahamya ba Yehova benshi kurusha ikindi gihe.—Yes 60:22; Hag 2:7.

10. Ni ayahe makoraniro utazigera wibagirwa, kandi kuki?

¹⁰ Wenda hari amakoraniro y’intara cyangwa amakoraniro mpuzamahanga utazigera wibagirwa. Ese wibuka ikoraniro rya mbere wagiyemo cyangwa wenda iryo wabatirijwemo? Ibyo ni ibintu by’ingenzi cyane mu mibereho yawe ya gikristo. Ujye uhora ubizirikana.—Zab 42:4.

11. Ni iyihe minsi mikuru Imana yasabaga Abisirayeli bo mu bihe bya kera kwizihiza buri mwaka?

¹¹ Yehova yasabaga Abisirayeli guteranira i Yerusalemu mu gihe cy’iminsi mikuru itatu yabaga buri mwaka, ni ukuvuga Umunsi Mukuru w’Imigati Idasembuwe, Umunsi Mukuru w’Ibyumweru (waje kwitwa Pentekote), n’Umunsi Mukuru w’Ingando. Ku birebana n’iyo minsi mikuru, Imana yari yarategetse iti “buri muntu wese w’igitsina gabo azajye aza imbere y’Umwami Yehova incuro eshatu mu mwaka” (Kuva 23:14-17). Kubera ko abatware b’imiryango benshi bazirikanaga agaciro ko mu buryo bw’umwuka k’iyo minsi mikuru, bayijyagamo bari kumwe n’abagize imiryango yabo bose.—1 Sam 1:1-7; Luka 2:41, 42.

12, 13. Kujya mu minsi mikuru yabaga buri mwaka byasabaga iki Abisirayeli benshi?

¹² Tekereza icyo byasabaga umuryango wose kugira ngo ukore urwo rugendo. Urugero, Yozefu na Mariya bagombaga gukora urugendo rw’ibirometero 100 bava i Nazareti bajya i Yerusalemu. Wowe se utekereza ko byari kugusaba igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ukore  urugendo rureshya rutyo uri kumwe n’abana bato? Inkuru ivuga iby’igihe Yesu yajyaga i Yerusalemu akiri muto, igaragaza ko abagize umuryango n’incuti zabo bashoboraga gufatanya urwo rugendo. Tekereza ukuntu gukora urwo rugendo, gutegurira hamwe amafunguro, hamwe no gufasha buri wese kubona aho kurara mu gace batamenyereye byabaga bimeze. Kuba ababyeyi ba Yesu baramuhaye umudendezo muri urwo rugendo kandi yari afite imyaka 12 gusa, bituma tumenya ko nta kaga kabaga karurimo. Tekereza ukuntu ayo makoraniro agomba kuba ataribagiranaga, cyane cyane ku babaga bakiri bato.—Luka 2:44-46.

¹³ Nyuma y’aho Abisirayeli bakwirakwiriye hirya no hino mu bindi bihugu, abajyaga muri iyo minsi mikuru babaga bavuye mu bihugu byinshi bitandukanye. Kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33, Abayahudi n’abanyamahanga bari barahindukiriye idini rya Kiyahudi bagaragaje ko bahaga agaciro iyo minsi mikuru, bakora urugendo bajya i Yerusalemu baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye, urugero nko mu Butaliyani, muri Libiya, i Kirete, muri Aziya Ntoya no muri Mezopotamiya.—Ibyak 2:5-11; 20:16.

14. Kujya mu minsi mikuru yabaga buri mwaka byamariraga iki Abisirayeli?

¹⁴ Ku Bisirayeli b’indahemuka, impamvu y’ingenzi yatumaga bakora izo ngendo kwari ugusenga Yehova bafatanyije n’abandi babarirwa mu bihumbi na bo bakundaga Yehova. Abajyaga muri iyo minsi mikuru bumvaga bameze bate? Igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo gishobora kuboneka mu mabwiriza Yehova yari yarahaye ubwoko bwe arebana n’Iminsi Mikuru y’Ingando. Yagize ati “uzajye wishima kuri uwo munsi mukuru, wishimane n’umuhungu wawe n’umukobwa wawe, n’umugaragu wawe n’umuja wawe, n’Umulewi n’umwimukira, n’imfubyi n’umupfakazi bari mu mugi wanyu. Ujye umara iminsi irindwi wizihiriza Yehova Imana yawe umunsi mukuru, uwizihirize ahantu Yehova azatoranya, kuko Yehova Imana yawe azaha umugisha umusaruro wawe wose, akaguha umugisha mu byo uzakora byose, kandi rwose uzishime unezerwe.”—Guteg 16:14, 15; soma muri Matayo 5:3.

15, 16. Ni ibihe bintu wigomwe kugira ngo ujye mu makoraniro? Kuki imihati washyizeho atari imfabusa?

¹⁵ Amakoraniro yo mu gihe cya kera aha abagize ubwoko bw’Imana urugero rwiza bashobora gukurikiza muri iki gihe. Nubwo hari byinshi byahindutse uko ibihe byagiye bihita, ibintu by’ingenzi byarangaga ayo makoraniro ntibyigeze bihinduka. Mu bihe bya Bibiliya, abajyaga muri ayo makoraniro bagombaga kugira ibyo bigomwa kugira ngo bayajyemo. Ni na ko bimeze kuri benshi muri iki gihe. Ariko iyo mihati si imfabusa. Ayo makoraniro yari afite akamaro mu buryo bw’umwuka, kandi no muri iki gihe ni ko bimeze. Atuma dusobanukirwa inyigisho zidufasha gukomeza kugirana imishyikirano myiza n’Imana. Amakoraniro adushishikariza gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo twiga muri Bibiliya kandi akadufasha kwirinda ibintu bishobora kudukururira ibibazo. Nanone kandi, atuma twirinda ibintu bishobora kudutera imihangayiko, kandi akadushishikariza gushyira mu mwanya wa mbere ibintu bituma tugira ibyishimo.—Zab 122:1-4.

¹⁶ Buri gihe amakoraniro atuma abayajyamo bagira ibyishimo byinshi. Hari raporo yavugaga ibirebana n’ikoraniro rinini ryabaye mu mwaka wa 1946, yagiraga iti “kubona abahamya babarirwa mu bihumbi bari hamwe byari bishimishije cyane, kandi kumva amajwi y’abacuranzi ajyanirana n’amajwi y’abantu benshi bari bateranye baririmbana ibyishimo indirimbo z’Ubwami zisingiza Yehova, byatumaga umuntu arushaho kwishima.” Iyo raporo yongeyeho iti “Urwego rwari Rushinzwe Abitangiye Imirimo rwavuze ko mu bari bateranye hari benshi bitangiye gukora imirimo itandukanye, kandi ko bumvaga bishimiye gukorera abahamya bagenzi babo.” Ese nawe wigeze kumva ufite ibyishimo nk’ibyo igihe wari uri mu makoraniro y’intara  cyangwa mu makoraniro mpuzamahanga?—Zab 110:3; Yes 42:10-12.

17. Ni mu buhe buryo gahunda y’amakoraniro yahindutse mu myaka ya vuba aha?

¹⁷ Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe byahindutse mu birebana n’amakoraniro. Urugero, bamwe mu bagize ubwoko bw’Imana bibuka igihe amakoraniro yamaraga iminsi umunani. Habaga icyiciro cya mbere ya saa sita, icya nyuma ya saa sita n’icya nimugoroba. Buri gihe, muri ayo makoraniro habaga harimo gahunda yo kubwiriza. Rimwe na rimwe, porogaramu yatangiraga saa tatu za mu gitondo ikageza saa tatu z’ijoro. Abitangiraga gukora imirimo bakoranaga umwete kugira ngo bategurire ababaga baje mu makoraniro amafunguro ya mu gitondo, aya saa sita n’aya nimugoroba. Muri iki gihe, iminsi y’amakoraniro yaragabanyijwe, kandi abagize imiryango n’abandi bitegurira amafunguro mbere y’igihe, bigatuma babona igihe cyo kwita cyane kuri porogaramu y’amafunguro yo mu buryo bw’umwuka.

18, 19. Ni ibihe bintu bibera mu makoraniro uba utegerezanyije amatsiko kandi kuki?

¹⁸ Hari ibintu duhora dutegerezanyije amatsiko muri gahunda y’amakoraniro aba muri iki gihe byabaga biri no mu makoraniro ya kera. Urugero, tubona “ibyokurya mu gihe gikwiriye” binyuze kuri za disikuru zitangwa no ku bitabo bishya bisohoka bidufasha gusobanukirwa ubuhanuzi n’inyigisho biboneka muri Bibiliya (Mat 24:45). Akenshi, ibyo bitabo bishya bisohoka bifasha abantu b’imitima itaryarya gusobanukirwa ukuri ko mu Byanditswe. Darame zishishikaje ziba zishingiye kuri Bibiliya zifasha abakiri bato n’abakuze gusuzuma intego zabo no kwirinda imitekerereze y’iyi si irangwa no kutubaha Imana. Disikuru y’umubatizo na yo ituma twese twongera gusuzuma ibyo twimiriza imbere mu mibereho yacu, kandi ituma tugira ibyishimo duterwa no kubona abandi na bo begurira Yehova ubuzima bwabo.

¹⁹ Koko rero, mu gihe cy’imyaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi, amakoraniro yabaye kimwe mu bintu byagiye biranga gahunda y’ugusenga k’ukuri. Atuma tugira ibyishimo kandi tugakomeza kubera Yehova indahemuka mu gihe duhuye n’ibigeragezo, akanadutera inkunga yo gukora byinshi mu murimo we. Aduhuza n’incuti nshya kandi atuma tumenya icyo kuba mu muryango mpuzamahanga w’abavandimwe bisobanura. Amakoraniro ni uburyo bw’ingenzi cyane Yehova akoresha kugira ngo ahe imigisha abagize ubwoko bwe kandi abiteho. Nta gushidikanya, buri wese muri twe azagerageza gushyira ibintu kuri gahunda kugira ngo azajye aterana mu byiciro byose bya buri koraniro.—Imig 10:22.