‘Mujye mukora mutya munyibuka’
‘Amaze gushimira amanyagura [umugati], aravuga ati “uyu ugereranya umubiri wanjye ugomba gutangwa ku bwanyu. Mujye mukomeza gukora mutya munyibuka.”’—1 KOR 11:24.
1, 2. Ni iki intumwa zishobora kuba zaratekereje ku bihereranye n’igihe Yesu yari kugira i Yerusalemu?
“UBU ikirere kiratamurutse; ukwezi gutangiye kuboneka. Ejo ku mugoroba, abarinzi bo muri Yerusalemu na bo bagomba kuba babibonye. Abagize Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwa Kiyahudi bamaze kubimenya, batangaje ko ari intangiriro z’ukwezi gushya kwa Nisani. Hanyuma iyo nkuru yasakaye hose bitewe n’imuri zacanywe, cyangwa abantu boherejwe ngo bayitangaze. Ndetse na hano yahageze! Nta gushidikanya ko Yesu ashaka kugera i Yerusalemu mbere y’uko Pasika iba.”
2 Birashoboka ko ibyo ari byo zimwe mu ntumwa zatekereje igihe zari kumwe na Yesu mu karere ka Pereya (hakurya ya Yorodani), ubwo yari agiye i Yerusalemu bwa nyuma (Mat 19:1; 20:17, 29; Mar 10:1, 32, 46). Umunsi wa mbere w’ukwezi kw’Abayahudi kwitwa Nisani umaze gutangazwa, Pasika yari kuba nyuma y’iminsi 13, ni ukuvuga ku itariki ya 14 Nisani, izuba rirenze.
3. Kuki bikwiriye ko Abakristo bashishikazwa n’itariki Pasika ya kera yaberagaho?
3 Umunsi w’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba, uhuza n’umunsi Abisirayeli bo mu gihe cya kera bizihizagaho Pasika, uzaba ku itariki ya 14 Mata 2014, izuba rirenze. Uwo uzaba ari umunsi wihariye ku Bakristo b’ukuri no ku bantu bashimishijwe n’ukuri. Kubera iki? Igisubizo tugisanga mu magambo ari mu 1 Abakorinto 11:23-25, hagira hati ‘mu ijoro Yesu yari butangwemo yafashe umugati, nuko amaze gushimira arawumanyagura, aravuga ati “uyu ugereranya umubiri wanjye ugomba gutangwa ku bwanyu. Mujye mukomeza gukora mutya munyibuka.” N’igikombe na cyo akigenza atyo.’
4. (a) Ni ibihe bibazo dushobora kwibaza ku bihereranye n’Urwibutso? (b) Tumenya dute umunsi Urwibutso ruberaho buri mwaka? (Reba agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo “Urwibutso rwo mu mwaka wa 2014.”)
4 Nta gushidikanya ko uzaza kwizihiza uwo munsi mukuru umwe rukumbi Yesu yasabye abigishwa be kuzajya bizihiza buri mwaka. Mbere y’uko uba, byaba byiza wibajije uti “nawitegura nte? Ni ibihe bigereranyo bizakoreshwa? Ni iki kizakorwa muri uwo munsi mukuru? Kuki uwo munsi mukuru n’ibigereranyo bizakoreshwa bimfitiye akamaro?”
IBIGERERANYO
5. Ni iyihe myiteguro Yesu yasabye intumwa ze gukora mbere yo kwizihiza Pasika ya nyuma?
5 Igihe Yesu yabwiraga intumwa ze gutegura icyumba bari gusangiriramo ifunguro rya Pasika, ntiyigeze azisaba gutaka icyo cyumba mu buryo buhambaye. Ahubwo yashakaga icyumba gisanzwe, gifite isuku, cyari gukwirwamo abari batumiwe. (Soma muri Mariko 14:12-16.) Hari ibintu bagombaga gutegura byari gukoreshwa muri iryo funguro, urugero nk’umugati udasembuwe na divayi itukura. Bamaze gufata ifunguro rya Pasika, Yesu yagize icyo avuga ku birebana n’ibyo bigereranyo.
6. (a) Nyuma y’ifunguro rya Pasika, ni iki Yesu yavuze ku bihereranye n’umugati? (b) Ni uwuhe mugati ukoreshwa ku Rwibutso?
6 Icyo gihe intumwa Matayo yari ahari, kandi nyuma yaho yaranditse ati “Yesu afata umugati, amaze gushimira arawumanyagura, awuha abigishwa be arababwira ati ‘nimwakire murye’” (Mat 26:26). Uwo wari “umugati” udasembuwe, nk’uwakoreshejwe kuri ya Pasika ya kera (Kuva 12:8; Guteg 16:3). Wari ukozwe mu ifu y’ingano ivanze n’amazi, utarimo umusemburo cyangwa ibirungo, urugero nk’umunyu. Kubera ko utarimo umusemburo, ntiwari wabyimbye. Wari umugati utari wongewemo ikindi kintu, wumye kandi wamanyagurwaga mu buryo bworoshye. Muri iki gihe, mbere y’uko Urwibutso ruba abasaza b’itorero bashobora gusaba umuntu gukora uwo mugati mu ifu y’ingano ivanze n’amazi, akawuteka ku ipanu isizeho utuvuta duke. (Niba ifu y’ingano idashobora kuboneka, hakoreshwa ifu y’umuceri, iy’ingano za sayiri, iy’ibigori cyangwa ifu y’ibindi binyampeke.)
7. Ni iyihe divayi Yesu yakoresheje, kandi se ni iyihe divayi ishobora gukoreshwa mu Rwibutso?
7 Matayo yakomeje agira ati “[Yesu] afata igikombe, amaze gushimira arakibahereza, maze arababwira ati ‘nimunyweho mwese’” (Mat 26:27, 28). Yesu yari afashe igikombe cyarimo divayi itukura. (Ntiyari umutobe w’imizabibu, kuko hari hashize igihe imizabibu isaruwe.) Igihe Abisirayeli baryaga bwa mbere ifunguro rya Pasika muri Egiputa, ntibanyoye divayi, ariko Yesu ntiyigeze avuga ko kuyikoresha kuri Pasika bitari bikwiriye. Yanayikoresheje mu gihe cy’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba. Ku bw’ibyo, mu gihe cy’Urwibutso Abakristo bakoresha divayi. Kubera ko amaraso ya Yesu atari akeneye kugira ikindi yongerwamo kugira ngo arusheho kugira agaciro, divayi ikoreshwa ntiyongerwamo izindi nzoga zikomeye cyangwa ibirungo. Hagomba gukoreshwa divayi itukura itavanzemo ikindi kintu, yaba ari iyo abantu bikorera, cyangwa iyo bagura, urugero nk’iyitwa beaujolais, iyitwa bourgogne, cyangwa iyitwa chianti.
ICYO IBIGERERANYO BISOBANURA
8. Kuki Abakristo bashishikazwa no kumenya icyo umugati na divayi bisobanura?
8 Intumwa Pawulo yagaragaje ko uretse intumwa, n’abandi Bakristo bagombaga gukomeza kwizihiza umunsi w’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba. Yandikiye bagenzi be bari bahuje ukwizera b’i Korinto ati ‘icyo nahawe n’Umwami ni cyo nanjye nabahaye, ko Umwami Yesu yafashe umugati, nuko amaze gushimira arawumanyagura, aravuga ati “uyu ugereranya umubiri wanjye ugomba gutangwa ku bwanyu. Mujye mukomeza gukora mutya munyibuka”’ (1 Kor 11:23, 24). Ku bw’ibyo, na n’ubu Abakristo bizihiza uwo munsi mukuru buri mwaka, kandi bashishikazwa no kumenya icyo umugati na divayi bisobanura.
9. Ni ikihe kintu kidahuje n’ukuri bamwe bavuga ku birebana n’umugati Yesu yakoresheje?
9 Bamwe mu banyedini bavuga ko Yesu yagize ati “uyu ni umubiri wanjye.” Ku bw’ibyo, bumva ko umugati uhinduka umubiri we mu buryo bw’igitangaza. Ariko kandi, ibyo binyuranye n’ukuri. * Umubiri wa Yesu wari imbere y’intumwa ze zizerwa, kandi n’umugati udasembuwe bari bagiye kurya wari aho. Birumvikana ko ibyo Yesu yavuze byari ikigereranyo, nk’uko yagiye abigenza no mu bindi bihe.—Yoh 2:19-21; 4:13, 14; 10:7; 15:1.
10. Umugati ukoreshwa mu gihe cy’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba ugereranya iki?
10 Umugati wari imbere y’intumwa kandi zari zigiye kurya, wagereranyaga umubiri wa Yesu. Uwuhe mubiri? Hari igihe Abakristo b’ukuri bumvaga ko umugati ugereranya itorero ry’Abakristo basutsweho umwuka, ari ryo Bibiliya yita “umubiri wa Kristo.” Impamvu babyumvaga batyo ni uko Yesu yamanyaguye umugati, mu gihe nta gufwa rye na rimwe ryavunwe (Efe 4:12; Rom 12:4, 5; 1 Kor 10:16, 17; 12:27). Ariko nyuma yo gukora ubushakashatsi, basobanukiwe ko umugati ugereranya umubiri wa Yesu. Yesu “yababarijwe mu mubiri,” ndetse aramanikwa. Bityo rero, umugati ukoreshwa mu gihe cy’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba ugereranya umubiri wa Yesu, uwo ‘yikoreyemo ibyaha byacu.’—1 Pet 2:21-24; 4:1; Yoh 19:33-36; Heb 10:5-7.
11, 12. (a) Ni iki Yesu yavuze ku birebana na divayi? (b) Divayi ikoreshwa mu gihe cy’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba igereranya iki?
11 Ibyo bidufasha gusobanukirwa amagambo Yesu yavuze nyuma yaho ku birebana na divayi. Bibiliya igira iti “n’igikombe na cyo akigenza atyo, amaze gufata ifunguro rya nimugoroba, aravuga ati ‘iki gikombe kigereranya isezerano rishya rishingiye ku maraso yanjye’” (1 Kor 11:25). Bibiliya nyinshi zikoresha amagambo nk’ayakoreshejwe muri Bibiliya Yera, agira ati “iki gikombe ni isezerano rishya ryo mu maraso yanjye.” (Ayo magambo ari mu nyuguti ziberamye ni twe twayanditse dutyo.) Ese igikombe Yesu yari afashe mu by’ukuri cyari isezerano rishya? Oya. Ijambo “igikombe” ryerekeza kuri divayi yari muri icyo gikombe. Yesu yavuze ko divayi yagereranyaga iki? Yagereranyaga amaraso ye yamenwe.
12 Mu Ivanjiri ya Mariko harimo amagambo Yesu yavuze agira ati “iki kigereranya ‘amaraso yanjye y’isezerano,’ agomba kumenwa ku bwa benshi” (Mar 14:24). Koko rero, amaraso ya Yesu yagombaga “kumenwa ku bwa benshi kugira ngo bababarirwe ibyaha” (Mat 26:28). Ku bw’ibyo, birakwiriye ko divayi itukura igereranya amaraso ya Yesu. Binyuze kuri ayo maraso, dushobora kubohorwa tubikesheje incungu, ‘tukababarirwa ibyaha byacu.’—Soma mu Befeso 1:7.
Intumwa zanyoye kuri divayi yagereranyaga amaraso ya Yesu y’isezerano (Reba paragarafu ya 11 n’iya 12)
KWIBUKA URUPFU RWA KRISTO
13. Umunsi w’Urwibutso rw’urupfu rwa Kristo uba buri mwaka wizihizwa ute?
13 Niba uzajya kwifatanya n’Abahamya ba Yehova mu Rwibutso ku ncuro ya mbere, ni iki wakwitega kuzabona? Aho iryo teraniro rizabera hazaba ari ahantu hasanzwe, hafite isuku, aho buri wese azaba yumva yisanzuye kandi yishimiye uwo munsi. Hashobora kuzaba hari indabyo nke, ariko ntihazaba hatatse cyane kandi ntihazaba hameze nk’ahantu habereye ibirori. Umusaza ubishoboye azasobanura mu buryo bwumvikana kandi bwiyubashye icyo Bibiliya ivuga ku birebana n’uwo munsi. Azafasha abateranye bose gusobanukirwa icyo Kristo yadukoreye. Yatanze ubuzima bwe ho incungu kugira ngo tubeho. (Soma mu Baroma 5:8-10.) Uzatanga disikuru azasobanura ibyiringiro by’uburyo bubiri Abakristo bafite, nk’uko bivugwa muri Bibiliya.
14. Ni ibihe byiringiro bizavugwa muri disikuru y’Urwibutso?
14 Hari umubare muto w’Abigishwa ba Kristo, urugero nk’intumwa ze zizerwa, bafite ibyiringiro byo kuzategeka hamwe na we mu ijuru (Luka 12:32; 22:19, 20; Ibyah 14:1). Abandi Bakristo benshi bakorera Imana muri iki gihe ari indahemuka, bo bafite ibyiringiro byo kuzabaho iteka ku isi izaba yongeye kuba paradizo. Hanyuma ibyo Imana ishaka bizakorwa ku isi nk’uko bikorwa mu ijuru, ibyo akaba ari ibintu Abakristo bamaze igihe kirekire basaba Imana (Mat 6:10). Ibyanditswe bigaragaza ko abantu bazagira ubuzima buhebuje mu gihe cy’iteka ryose.—Yes 11:6-9; 35:5, 6; 65:21-23.
15, 16. Mu gihe cy’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba, umugati ugenzwa ute?
15 Igihe iyo disikuru izaba iri hafi kurangira, uzaba yayitanze azabwira abateranye ko igihe kigeze kugira ngo bakore ibyo Yesu yabwiye intumwa ze kuzajya zikora. Nk’uko twabivuze, hazakoreshwa ibigereranyo bibiri, ni ukuvuga umugati udasembuwe na divayi itukura. Bizaba biri ku meza azaba ari hafi y’utanga disikuru. Azasoma inkuru yo muri Bibiliya igaragaza ibyo Yesu yavuze n’ibyo yakoze igihe yatangizaga uwo munsi mukuru. Urugero, inkuru yo muri Matayo igira iti “Yesu afata umugati, amaze gushimira arawumanyagura, awuha abigishwa be arababwira ati ‘nimwakire murye. Uyu ugereranya umubiri wanjye’” (Mat 26:26). Yesu yamanyaguye uwo mugati udasembuwe kugira ngo ahereze intumwa zari zimukikije. Muri iryo teraniro rizaba ku itariki ya 14 Mata, uzabona umugati udasembuwe, uri ku masahani.
16 Hazakoreshwa amasahani ahagije, kugira ngo abashe gutambagizwa mu bateranye bose mu gihe kitarambiranye. Nta mihango yihariye izakorwa muri icyo gihe. Hazavugwa isengesho rigufi, hanyuma amasahani atambagizwe kuri gahunda, hakurikijwe aho Urwibutso ruzabera. Abantu bake ni bo bazarya ku mugati (cyangwa he kugira n’umwe urya), nk’uko byagenze mu matorero menshi igihe umugati watambagizwaga mu mwaka wa 2013.
17. Ibyo Yesu yakoze ku birebana na divayi, bikurikizwa bite mu gihe cy’Urwibutso?
17 Hanyuma, utanga disikuru azasoma ibyo Matayo yakomeje avuga, ati “[Yesu] afata igikombe, amaze gushimira arakibahereza, maze arababwira ati ‘nimunyweho mwese, kuko iki kigereranya “amaraso yanjye y’isezerano,” agomba kumenwa ku bwa benshi kugira ngo bababarirwe ibyaha’” (Mat 26:27, 28). Nk’uko Yesu yabigenje, hazavugwa irindi sengesho, hanyuma ‘ibikombe’ birimo divayi itukura bitambagizwe mu bateranye bose.
18. Kuki ari iby’ingenzi kujya mu Rwibutso nubwo bake gusa ari bo bafata ku bigereranyo cyangwa ntihagire n’umwe ubifata?
18 Abenshi mu baba bateranye ntibarya ku mugati cyangwa ngo banywe kuri divayi mu gihe bitambagizwa, kuko Yesu yavuze ko abazategeka hamwe na we mu Bwami bwo mu ijuru ari bo bonyine bagomba kurya ku mugati bakanywa no kuri divayi. (Soma muri Luka 22:28-30; 2 Tim 4:18.) Abandi bose bazaba bateranye bazaba ari indorerezi. Icyakora, kuba bajya muri uwo munsi mukuru w’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba ni iby’ingenzi, kubera ko bigaragaza ukuntu baha agaciro kenshi igitambo cya Yesu. Mu gihe cy’Urwibutso, bashobora gutekereza ku migisha babona bayikesheje igitambo cy’incungu cya Yesu. Bafite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba mu bagize “imbaga y’abantu benshi” bazarokoka ‘umubabaro ukomeye.’ Abo ni abagaragu b’Imana bazaba ‘barameshe amakanzu yabo bakayejesha amaraso y’Umwana w’intama.’—Ibyah 7:9, 14-17.
19. Ni iki wakora kugira ngo witegure umunsi w’Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba kandi wungukirwe n’ibivugwa?
19 Abahamya ba Yehova bo hirya no hino ku isi bitegura iryo teraniro ryihariye. Ibyumweru runaka mbere yaho, dutumira abantu benshi uko bishoboka kose. Iminsi mike mbere y’uko Urwibutso ruba, dusoma inkuru zo muri Bibiliya zivuga ibyo Yesu yakoze mu minsi yabanjirije Ifunguro ry’Umwami rya Nimugoroba ryo mu mwaka wa 33, n’ibyabaye icyo gihe. Twitegura mbere y’igihe kugira ngo tuzabe duhari. Biba byiza iyo tuhageze mbere y’indirimbo n’isengesho kugira ngo duhe ikaze abashyitsi, hanyuma dukurikire porogaramu yose. Twese, baba abagize itorero ndetse n’abashyitsi, turushaho kungukirwa iyo dukurikiye muri Bibiliya zacu mu gihe utanga disikuru asoma imirongo y’Ibyanditswe. Ikiruta byose, iyo tugiye mu Rwibutso tuba tugaragaje ko dushimira Imana cyane ku bw’igitambo cya Yesu, kandi ko twumvira itegeko rye rigira riti “mujye mukomeza gukora mutya munyibuka.”—1 Kor 11:24.
^ par. 9 Umudage witwa Heinrich Meyer w’intiti mu bya Bibiliya, yaravuze ati ‘kubera ko umubiri wa Yesu wari ukiri muzima kandi amaraso ye akaba yari ataramenwa, nta n’umwe mu bari aho [ni ukuvuga intumwa] washoboraga gutekereza ko mu by’ukuri barimo barya umubiri nyawo w’Umwami, bakanywa n’amaraso ye; [ku bw’ibyo] Yesu ntiyifuzaga ko ayo magambo yoroheje afatwa mu buryo buhabanye n’ibyo bemeraga.’
