Bibiliya y’Ubuhinduzi bw’Isi Nshya bw’Ibyanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo yasohotse mu 1950 mu Cyongereza, naho Bibiliya y’Ubuhinduzi bw’Isi Nshya yuzuye isohoka mu mwaka wa 1961. Kuva icyo gihe, abantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni nyinshi, bavuga indimi zirenga 210 bashobora gusoma Bibiliya ihuje n’ukuri kandi isomeka neza, yahinduwe ikuwe mu ndimi yabanje kwandikwamo.

Icyakora, mu myaka irenga 50 ishize, indimi zagiye zihinduka cyane. Ibyo byatumye Komite ya Bibiliya y’Ubuhinduzi bw’Isi Nshya ibona ko ari ngombwa guhuza n’ibyo bintu byagiye bihinduka, maze igasohora Bibiliya izakora ku mutima abayisoma muri iki gihe. Ni yo mpamvu muri iyi Bibiliya, hari amagambo yagiye ahinduka, n’ukuntu apanze mu mwandiko bigahinduka, bitewe n’izi mpamvu zikurikira:

• Gukoresha imvugo igezweho kandi yumvikana. Urugero, ijambo “inkuge” ryakoreshejwe muri Bibiliya twari dusanzwe dufite, abasomyi benshi ntibari basobanukiwe icyo ari cyo, cyane cyane abakiri bato. Ni yo mpamvu muri iyi Bibiliya hakoreshejwe ijambo “ubwato,” kuko ari ryo ryafasha abantu benshi bo muri iki gihe kwiyumvisha uko inkuge yari imeze kandi ryo rikaba ryumvikana (Intangiriro 7:17). Nanone muri Bibiliya twari dufite hakoreshwaga ijambo “ikiragi” rikaba ritagihuje n’igihe tugezemo. Muri iyi Bibiliya rero, ryasimbuwe n’amagambo “umuntu ufite ubumuga bwo kutavuga” (Matayo 9:32, 33). Imvugo “ineza yuje urukundo,” yarahindutse iba “urukundo rudahemuka” (Zaburi 36:5; 89:1). Ahantu mbere hakoreshwaga ‘iminsi umuntu yaramye,’ muri iyi Bibiliya hagiye hakoreshwa ‘imyaka yose umuntu yabayeho’ (Intangiriro 25:7). Muri iyi Bibiliya, aho gukoresha ijambo “kwiyandarika” hakoreshejwe “imyifatire iteye isoni.” Ahari harakoreshejwe ijambo “inkera,” ubu hakoreshwa “ibirori birimo urusaku rwinshi no kunywa inzoga nyinshi” (Abagalatiya 5:19-21). Imvugo “ibihe bitarondoreka” yagiye isimbuzwa ijambo “iteka ryose,” cyangwa ‘kuva cyera cyane.’—Kuva 31:16; Zaburi 90:2; Mika 5:2.

  Ijambo rya kera ry’Igiheburayo n’iry’Ikigiriki rihindurwamo “imbuto,” rishobora kwerekeza ku mbuto z’ibimera, ku bakomoka ku bantu, ku rubyaro n’ibindi. Kubera ko iryo jambo ridakunze gukoreshwa ryerekeza ku bantu, ryagiye risimburwa n’andi magambo yumvikanisha neza igitekerezo bitewe n’aho ryakoreshejwe (Intangiriro 1:11; 22:17; 48:4; Matayo 22:24; Yohana 8:37). Icyakora, inshuro nyinshi, iyo Bibiliya yerekeza ku isezerano ryatangiwe muri Edeni riri mu Ntangiriro 3:15, hakoreshwa ijambo “urubyaro.”

  Ijambo “impongano” ntirikoreshwa cyane kandi hari abantu batarisobanukirwa. Nanone ntiryumvikanisha neza uburyo ibitambo cyangwa  incungu byatumaga abantu bababarirwa ibyaha. Ni yo mpamvu muri rusange ryagiye risimbuzwa “ibitambo byo kubabarirwa ibyaha” cyangwa “ibitambo byo kwiyunga n’Imana” (Abalewi 5:6; 7:7; 14:18, 20). Nanone amazina y’ibitambo byasabwaga n’amategeko na yo yaravuguruwe. Aho kuvuga “igitambo cyo gukuraho urubanza rw’icyaha” hakoreshejwe “igitambo cyo gukuraho icyaha.” Nanone aho gukoresha “igitambo gikongorwa n’umuriro” hakoreshejwe “igitambo gitwikwa n’umuriro.”—Abalewi 7:1; 23:37.

• Amagambo yo muri Bibiliya yarushijeho kumvikana. Hari Bibiliya zimwe na zimwe zagiye zikoresha amagambo ashyigikira inyigisho z’ikinyoma. Urugero, hari Bibiliya zavuze ko Yesu yapfiriye ku “musaraba.” Nyamara, ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduyemo “umusaraba” risobanura “igiti gihagaze,” “ingiga y’igiti” cyangwa “igiti.” Yesu yapfiriye ku giti kimwe. Niyo mpamvu muri Bibiliya y’Ubuhinduzi bw’Isi Nshya hakoreshejwe ijambo “igiti” aho gukoresha ijambo “umusaraba.”—Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 21:23; Matayo 27:31.

  Muri Bibiliya za kera, ijambo ry’Igiheburayo neʹphesh n’iry’Ikigiriki psy·kheʹ, yagendaga ahindurwamo “ubugingo.” Bitewe n’uko abantu benshi bumvaga nabi icyo iryo jambo “ubugingo” risobanura, hari ibintu byafashije abasomyi gusobanukirwa neza igitekerezo abanditse Bibiliya mu ndimi za mbere bayobowe n’umwuka wera bashakaga kumvikanisha. Iryo jambo rishobora kwerekeza (1) ku muntu, (2) ku buzima bw’umuntu, (3) ku byaremwe bifite ubuzima, (4) ku byifuzo by’umuntu kandi rimwe na rimwe rikerekeza no (5) ku bapfuye. Icyakora, bitewe n’uko iryo jambo “ubugingo” usanga ridakunda gukoreshwa, hafashwe umwanzuro w’uko ayo magambo abiri yahinduwemo “ubugingo,” yajya ahindurwa hakurikijwe igitekerezo yumvikanisha maze hamwe na hamwe hakongerwaho ibisobanuro bivuga ngo: “Cyangwa ‘ubugingo.’” (Urugero: Reba mu Ntangiriro 2:7.) Icyakora, ahantu hamwe na hamwe hari amagambo azwi cyane, ho hagiye hakoreshwa “ubugingo” mu mwandiko, maze hagashyirwa akamenyetso karangira umusomyi Ibisobanuro by’amagambo, cyangwa akabwirwa ukundi iryo jambo ryahindurwa.—Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 6:5; Matayo 22:37.

  Nanone ijambo “impyiko” ryagumishijwemo mu gihe ryerekeza ku mpyiko zisanzwe. Icyakora, iyo iryo jambo rikoreshejwe mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, urugero nko muri ya Zaburi 7:9; 26:2 no mu Byahishuwe 2:23, mu mwandiko hagiye hashyirwamo “ibitekerezo” n’ibisobanuro ku kanyenyeri.

  Kimwe n’andi magambo ameze nk’ayo yo mu Giheburayo cyangwa mu Kigiriki, ijambo “umutima” na ryo rishobora guhindurwa ryerekeza ku mutima usanzwe cyangwa ku mutima w’ikigereranyo. Ubwo rero muri rusange, ryagiye rigumishwa mu mwandiko. Icyakora, mu mirongo imwe n’imwe aho utahita umenya icyo ijambo “umutima” ryerekezaho, mu mwandiko hakoreshwa ibisobanuro. Urugero, mu gitabo cy’Imigani, ahahoze “umuntu utagira umutima” ubu hakoreshejwe “umuntu utagira ubwenge” (Imigani 11:12; 15:21). Andi magambo, urugero nko  “kubyibuha” cyangwa “ihembe,” na yo yagiye ahindurwa bitewe n’aho yakoreshejwe (1 Samweli 2:1; Imigani 11:25; 28:25.) Hari n’amagambo amwe n’amwe asobanurwa ahari “Ibisobanuro by’amagambo yo muri Bibiliya.”

• Iyi Bibiliya kuyisoma byarushijeho koroha. Muri iyi Bibiliya, interuro zimwe na zimwe zagiye zigabanywamo kabiri cyangwa zikagirwa ngufi kugira ngo umuntu azisome bitamugoye kandi ahite asobanukirwa ibivugwamo. Urugero muri Bibiliya ya kera, ibivugwa mu Baroma 1:3-7, byari interuro imwe. Ariko ubu iyo mirongo yagabanyijwemo interuro nyinshi ngufi kugira ngo kuyisoma byorohe. Nanone muri iyi Bibiliya, iyo havugwa umubare w’ibintu, akenshi byandikwa mu mibare aho gukoresha amagambo kuko ibyo ari byo bifasha umuntu kwibuka umubare wabyo. Ikindi ni uko iyi Bibiliya ikoresha imvugo yo mu buzima bwa buri munsi, ibyo bikaba bituma abato n’abakuru bishimira kuyisoma kandi bakayisobanukirwa bitabagoye.

• Kumvikanisha neza igitekerezo mu gihe hakoreshejwe amagambo agaragaza niba uvugwa ari umugabo cyangwa ari umugore. Muri rusange amazina yo mu Giheburayo n’ayo mu Kigiriki usanga agaragaza niba uvuga ari umugabo, niba ari umugore cyangwa ntagire icyo abivugaho. Icyakora hari ubwo gukoresha ayo magambo agaragaza niba uvugwa ari umugabo cyangwa ari umugore bishobora gutuma ubutumwa bwo mu rurimi Bibiliya yabanje kwandikwamo butumvikana. Mu Giheburayo no mu Kigiriki, muri rusange amazina ari mu bwinshi aba yerekeza ku bagabo, nyamara mu by’ukuri havugwamo abagabo n’abagore. Urugero, nubwo amagambo ngo: “Abana ba Isirayeli” ashobora kuba yerekeza ku bahungu 12 ba Yakobo, akenshi aba yerekeza ku Bisirayeli bose hakubiyemo abagabo n’abagore (Intangiriro 46:5; Kuva 35:29). Ubwo rero muri iyi Bibiliya, aho gukoresha ayo magambo hagiye hakoreshwa ijambo “Abisirayeli” kugira ngo bigaragare ko abavugwa ari Abisirayeli bose. Nanone, kubera ko Bibiliya ikoresha ijambo ryerekeza ku mugabo ishaka kuvuga Imana, Umwana wayo, abamarayika n’abadayimoni, nta mpamvu yo gukoresha ijambo ritagaragaza niba uvugwa ari umugabo cyangwa umugore nk’uko hari Bibiliya zimwe na zimwe zo muri iki gihe zabigenje.

• Ingero z’uburebure n’iz’uburemere zarushijeho kumvikana. Amwe mu magambo yakoreshwaga muri Bibiliya y’Ubuhinduzi bw’Isi Nshya twari dufite mu kugaragaza ingero z’uburemere n’iz’uburebure ntiyumvikanaga. Muri iyi Bibiliya ivuguruye, hakoreshejwe amagambo agaragaza ingero z’uburebure n’iz’uburemere akoreshwa muri iki gihe, ariko ibipimo bya kera bigashyirwa mu bisobanuro. Aho ibipimo bya kera byarekewe mu mwandiko, ni aho gusa byerekeza ku mvugo z’ikigereranyo.—Kuva 38:29; 1 Abami 6:2; Ezekiyeli 40:5; Ibyahishuwe 14:20.

  Ibintu byose byagiye binonosorwa muri iyi Bibiliya, ababivuguruye bagiye babikora babanje gusenga, bakabikora babyitondeye kandi bakagaragaza ko bubaha cyane akazi kakozwe na Komite ya mbere yahinduye Bibiliya y’Ubuhinduzi bw’Isi Nshya.

Iyi Bibiliya irimo ibisobanuro by’amagambo bya ngombwa. Ibisobanuro byatanzwe ku magambo muri rusange biba biri mu byiciro bikurikira:

• “Cyangwa” Haba hagaragaza ubundi buryo bwo kuvuga amagambo yakuwe mu Giheburayo, mu Cyarameyi cyangwa mu Kigiriki, ariko igitekerezo kigakomeza kuba kimwe.—Intangiriro 1:2, ibisobanuro “umwuka w’Imana”; Rusi 2:8, “abaja.”

• “Bishobora no kuvugwa ngo” Haba hagaragaza ubundi buryo ijambo ryo mu rurimi Bibiliya yabanje kwandikwamo rishobora guhindurwa, ariko rigatanga igisobanuro gitandukanye cyane n’icyashyizwe mu mwandiko.—Ezira 1:3, “lmana iri i Yerusalemu”; Zekariya 14:21, “Umunyakanani.”

• “Mu rurimi iki gitabo cyanditswemo ni” Haba hagaragaza amagambo aba ahinduye ijambo ku rindi, avanywe mu Giheburayo, mu Cyarameyi cyangwa Kigiriki, cyangwa se akaba agaragaza igitekerezo cy’ibanze cyo mu rurimi Bibiliya yabanje kwandikwamo.—Intangiriro 37:35, “Shewoli”; 1 Abami 6:24, “inkambi.”

• Ibisobanuro n’imimerere amagambo yanditswemo Bishobora kuba ari ibisobanuro by’amazina (Intangiriro 3:17, “Adamu”; Kuva 15:23, “Mara”); ibisobanuro ku bijyanye n’ingero z’uburemere n’iz’uburebure (Intangiriro 6:15, “Imikono”); ibisobanuro by’umuntu uri kuvugwa mu mwandiko (Kuva 4:24, “kumwica”); cyangwa ukahasanga amagambo ayobora umuntu ku Mugereka no ku Bisobanuro by’amagambo.—Intangiriro 37:35, “Imva”; Matayo 5:22, “Gehinomu.”

Mu gice kibanza cyitwa “Ingingo zibanza,” uhasanga inyigisho z’ibanze zo muri Bibiliya. Hahita hakurikiraho “Ibitabo bya Bibiliya,” “Irangiro ry’amagambo ya Bibiliya,” n’“Ibisobanuro by’amagambo yo muri Bibiliya.” Ibisobanuro by’amagambo bifasha umusomyi gusobanukirwa amagambo yakoreshejwe mu mirongo ya Bibiliya. Umugereka wa A urimo ibice bikurikira: “Amahame yakurikijwe igihe iyi Bibiliya yashyirwaga mu zindi ndimi,” “ Ibiranga iyi Bibiliya,” “Uko twabonye Bibiliya,” “Izina ry’Imana mu Byanditswe by’Igiheburayo,” “Izina ry’Imana mu Byanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo,” “Imbonerahamwe: Abahanuzi n’abami b’u Buyuda n’aba Isirayeli,” hamwe n’“Ibintu by’ingenzi byaranze imibereho ya Yesu ku isi.” Umugereka wa B urimo amakarita, imbonerahamwe n’ibindi bintu by’ingenzi byafasha umuntu kwiyigisha Bibiliya neza.

Buri gitabo cyo muri Bibiliya kibanzirizwa n’ibintu by’ingenzi bivugwa muri buri gice, hakagaragazwa n’imirongo ya Bibiliya bibonekamo. Ibyo bifasha umusomyi kumenya muri make ibiri muri icyo gitabo cyose. Nanone, iyi Bibiliya irimo impuzamirongo nk’uko byari bimeze muri Bibiliya twari dusanganywe. Izo mpuzamirongo zerekeza umusomyi ku yindi mirongo ifitanye isano n’uwo ari gusoma.