1-3. (a) Ni akahe kaga kari kugarije Abisirayeli bitewe n’Abanyegiputa? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo Yehova yarwaniriye ubwoko bwe?

 ABISIRAYELI bari bagotewe hagati y’imisozi miremire, imbere yabo hari Inyanja Itukura. Mu by’ukuri ntibashoboraga kubona aho bahungira. Abasirikare b’Abanyegiputa bari abicanyi kabuhariwe bari babakurikiye biyemeje kubamara. a Ariko Mose yabateye inkunga yo kutiheba. Yarababwiye ati: “Yehova ubwe ni we uri bubarwanirire.”—Kuva 14:14.

² Nubwo byari bimeze bityo, Mose agomba kuba yaratabaje Yehova, hanyuma na we akamusubiza ati: “Ni iki gituma ukomeza kuntabaza cyane? . . . Uzamure inkoni yawe maze urambure ukuboko kwawe hejuru y’inyanja uyigabanyemo kabiri” (Kuva 14:15, 16). Gerageza kwiyumvisha uko byagenze. Yehova yahise ategeka umumarayika we, maze inkingi y’igicu iva aho yari iri ijya inyuma y’Abisirayeli, imera nk’urukuta maze itangira Abanyegiputa kugira ngo batabageraho (Kuva 14:19, 20; Zaburi 105:39). Mose yarambuye ukuboko maze Inyanja yigabanyamo kabiri bitewe n’umuyaga wahuhaga ari mwinshi. Amazi yabaye nk’ahinduka barafu maze ahagarara ameze nk’inkuta, bituma haboneka inzira ngari, ku buryo Abisirayeli bose bashoboye kuyinyuramo.—Kuva 14:21; 15:8.

³ Igihe Farawo yabonaga icyo kimenyetso kigaragaza imbaraga zikomeye, yagombye kuba yarabwiye ingabo ze zigasubira inyuma. Aho kubigenza atyo, uwo mugabo w’umwibone yategetse izo  ngabo kugaba igitero (Kuva 14:23). Abanyegiputa bahise babakurikira baciye mu nyanja yari yakamye. Ariko mu kanya gato hahise haba akavuyo, igihe inziga z’amagare yabo zatangiraga kuvamo. Igihe Abisirayeli bari bamaze kwambuka neza bari hakurya y’inyanja, Yehova yategetse Mose ati: “Rambura ukuboko kwawe hejuru y’inyanja kugira ngo amazi agaruke arengere Abanyegiputa n’amagare yabo y’intambara n’abarwanira ku mafarashi.” Za nkuta zongeye guhinduka amazi, maze Farawo n’ingabo ze bararengerwa.—Kuva 14:24-28; Zaburi 136:15.

4. (a) Ni iki Yehova yagaragaje ku Nyanja Itukura? (b) Ni iki abantu bamwe batekereza iyo basomye inkuru zivuga ukuntu Yehova yagiye akoresha imbaraga ze mu kurwana?

⁴ Uko Abisirayeli barokotse mu Nyanja Itukura ni ikintu kitazibagirana mu mateka ahereranye n’ibyo Imana yagiye ikorera abantu. Aho ngaho, Yehova yagaragaje ko ari “intwari mu ntambara” (Kuva 15:3). Ariko se, iyo umenye uko Yehova yagiye akoresha izo mbaraga, wumva umeze ute? Ni byo koko intambara yagiye ituma abantu bagira imibabaro myinshi n’agahinda. Ariko se uko Imana ikoresha izo mbaraga zo kurimbura byaba biguca intege, aho gutuma wumva wifuje kuyegera?

5, 6. (a) Kuki Imana ikwiriye kwitwa “Yehova nyiri ingabo”? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo intambara z’Imana zitandukanye cyane n’intambara z’abantu?

⁵ Izina ry’icyubahiro rya Yehova “nyiri ingabo” riboneka inshuro zigera kuri magana abiri na mirongo itandatu mu Byanditswe by’Igiheburayo, n’inshuro ebyiri mu Byanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo (1 Samweli 1:11). Kubera ko Yehova ari Umutegetsi w’Ikirenga, ayobora umutwe munini w’ingabo z’abamarayika (Yosuwa 5:13-15; 1 Abami 22:19). Izo ngabo ze zifite ububasha bwo kurimbura buteye ubwoba (Yesaya 37:36). Kubona abantu barimburwa si ibintu bishimishije. Ariko kandi, tugomba kwibuka ko intambara z’Imana zidafite aho zihuriye n’intambara zidafite ishingiro ziba mu bantu. Abayobozi ba gisirikare n’aba politike  bashobora kugerageza kumvikanisha ko bafite impamvu nziza zituma bagaba ibitero ku bandi. Ariko kandi, intambara abantu barwana buri gihe ziba zishingiye ku mururumba no ku bwikunde.

⁶ Yehova we ntarwana intambara abitewe n’ibyiyumvo bidafite ishingiro. Mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 32:4, hagira hati: “Icyo Gitare, umurimo wacyo uratunganye, ibikorwa byacyo byose bihuje n’ubutabera. Ni Imana yiringirwa kandi itarenganya. Irakiranuka kandi ntigira uwo ibera.” Ijambo ry’Imana riciraho iteka ibyo kugira umujinya mwinshi, ubugome n’urugomo (Intangiriro 49:7; Zaburi 11:5). Bityo rero, Yehova ntajya akora ikintu adafite impamvu yumvikana. Akoresha imbaraga ze zo kurimbura mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro, kandi na bwo akazikoresha ari uko nta wundi muti. Ibyo bihuje n’ibyo yavuze binyuriye ku muhanuzi we Ezekiyeli, agira ati: “Umwami w’Ikirenga Yehova aravuga ati: ‘Mbese nishimira ko umuntu mubi apfa? Ese icyo nishimira si uko yareka imyifatire ye mibi, agakomeza kubaho?’”—Ezekiyeli 18:23.

7, 8. (a) Ni uwuhe mwanzuro Yobu yafashe ku bihereranye n’imibabaro yari yamugezeho? (b) Ku bihereranye n’ibyo, ni gute Elihu yakosoye imitekerereze ya Yobu? (c) Ni irihe somo dushobora kuvana ku byabaye kuri Yobu?

⁷ None se kuki Yehova akoresha imbaraga ze zo kurimbura? Mbere yo gusubiza icyo kibazo, twagombye kubanza kwibuka umuntu w’umukiranutsi witwaga Yobu. Mu by’ukuri, Satani yavuze ko Yobu, ndetse n’undi muntu uwo ari we wese, atakomeza gushikama mu gihe ahuye n’ibigeragezo. Yehova yashubije icyo kibazo kitari cyoroshye, areka Satani ngo agerageze Yobu. Yobu yafashwe n’indwara, atakaza ubutunzi bwe kandi apfusha abana (Yobu 1:1–2:8). Kubera ko Yobu atari azi ikibazo cyari cyavutse, yafashe umwanzuro udakwiriye avuga ko imibabaro ye yaterwaga n’igihano Imana yari yamuhaye imureganya. Yabajije Imana impamvu yari ‘yamwibasiye,’ kandi ikamubona nk’“umwanzi.”—Yobu 7:20; 13:24.

⁸ Umusore witwaga Elihu yashyize ahagaragara imitekerereze ya Yobu itari ikwiriye, agira ati: “Ese uracyemeza udashidikanya ko uri mu kuri, ku buryo wavuga uti: ‘gukiranuka kwanjye kuruta ukw’Imana?’” (Yobu 35:2). Ni koko, ni ubupfapfa gutekereza  ko turi inararibonye kuruta Imana cyangwa kwibwira ko yaturenganyije. Elihu yaravuze ati: “Imana y’ukuri ntishobora na rimwe kugira nabi, kandi Ishoborabyose ntishobora gukora ibibi.” Nyuma yaho, yaravuze ati: “Gusobanukirwa ibyerekeye Ishoborabyose birenze ubushobozi bwacu. Ifite imbaraga nyinshi cyane, irakiranuka kandi ntizigera ikora ibintu bidahuje n’ubutabera” (Yobu 34:10; 36:22, 23; 37:23). Dushobora kwemera tudashidikanya ko iyo Imana irwana intambara, iba ifite impamvu zumvikana. Tukizirikana ibyo, nimucyo tugenzure zimwe mu mpamvu zituma rimwe na rimwe Yehova arwana intambara kandi ari Imana y’amahoro.—1 Abakorinto 14:33.

9. Kuki Imana yera irwana intambara?

⁹ Igihe Mose yari amaze gusingiza Imana avuga ko ari “intwari mu ntambara,” yaravuze ati: “Yehova, mu mana zose ni iyihe ihwanye nawe? Ni iyihe ihwanye nawe, ko wera bihebuje?” (Kuva 15:11). Umuhanuzi Habakuki na we yaranditse ati: “Uratunganye cyane ku buryo utakomeza kureba ibibi, kandi ntushobora gukomeza kwihanganira ubugizi bwa nabi” (Habakuki 1:13). Nubwo Yehova ari Imana y’urukundo, ariko nanone ni Imana yera, itunganye kandi ikiranuka. Rimwe na rimwe, iyo mico ituma biba ngombwa ko akoresha imbaraga ze zo kurimbura (Yesaya 59:15-19; Luka 18:7). Bityo rero, Imana ikomeza kuba iyera nubwo yarwana intambara. Ahubwo irwana intambara bitewe n’uko ari iyera.—Abalewi 19:2.

10. Ni mu buhe buryo urwango rwahanuwe mu Ntangiriro 3:15 rwashoboraga kurangira, kandi se ibyo byari kumarira iki abantu bakiranuka?

¹⁰ Tekereza ibyabaye igihe umugabo n’umugore ba mbere, ari bo Adamu na Eva, bigomekaga ku Mana (Intangiriro 3:1-6). Iyo Yehova aza kwihanganira icyaha cyabo, yari kuba atesheje agaciro umwanya we wo kuba ari Umutegetsi w’Ikirenga w’ijuru n’isi. Kubera ko ari Imana ikiranuka, yagombaga kubacira urubanza rwo gupfa (Abaroma 6:23). Mu buhanuzi bwa mbere buboneka muri Bibiliya, yahanuye ko hari kuba urwango hagati y’abagaragu  bayo n’abayoboke b’‘inzoka,’ ari yo Satani (Ibyahishuwe 12:9; Intangiriro 3:15). Amaherezo, urwo rwango rwari kuzarangira ari uko Satani amenaguwe (Abaroma 16:20). Ariko kandi, icyo gikorwa cyo kumuciraho iteka cyari kuzahesha imigisha myinshi abantu bakiranuka, kikaba cyari gutuma Satani adakomeza kugira uruhare mu bintu byo ku isi, kandi kigatuma isi yose ihinduka paradizo (Matayo 19:28). Mbere y’uko ibyo biba, abashyigikiye Satani bari kurwanya ubwoko bw’Imana, bakabutoteza kandi bakagerageza kuburimbura. Rimwe na rimwe rero, Yehova yabaga agomba kugira icyo akora.

11. Kuki Imana yafashe umwanzuro wo guteza umwuzure ku isi hose?

¹¹ Urugero rumwe rugaragaza ko Yehova yagize icyo akora ni igihe cy’umwuzure wo mu gihe cya Nowa. Mu Ntangiriro 6:11, 12, hagira hati: “Imana y’ukuri ibona ko isi yari yarabaye mbi cyane kandi ko yari yuzuye urugomo. Nuko Imana yitegereza isi, isanga yarabaye mbi cyane bitewe n’uko abantu bose bari bafite imyitwarire mibi cyane.” Ese Imana yari kwemera ko abantu babi barimbura abantu bake bari basigaye ku isi? Oya rwose. Yehova yafashe umwanzuro wo guteza umwuzure ku isi hose kugira ngo arimbure abantu bari bariyemeje gukora ibikorwa by’urugomo n’ubusambanyi.

12. (a) Ni iki Yehova yahanuye ku bihereranye n’“urubyaro” rw’Aburahamu? (b) Kuki Abamori bagombaga kurimburwa?

¹² Ibyo byari bihuje n’urubanza Imana yaciriye Abanyakanani. Yehova yahishuye ko binyuriye ku rubyaro rwari kuzakomoka kuri Aburahamu, imiryango yose yo mu isi yari kuzihesha umugisha. Mu buryo buhuje n’uwo mugambi, Imana yavuze ko abari kuzakomoka kuri Aburahamu bari kuzahabwa igihugu cy’i Kanani cyari gituwemo n’abantu bitwaga Abamori. Ni gute twavuga ko Imana yakoze ibintu bikwiriye igihe yirukanaga ku ngufu abo bantu ikabavana mu gihugu cyabo? Yehova yahanuye ko batari kuzirukanwa imyaka 400 itarashira. Ibyo bikaba bisobanura ko batari kwirukanwa ‘igihe cyo guhana Abamori bitewe n’ibyaha byabo kitaragera” (Intangiriro 12:1-3; 13:14, 15; 15: 13, 16; 22:18). b Muri icyo gihe, Abamori bagendaga barushaho kwangirika mu bihereranye n’umuco. Igihugu cy’i Kanani cyahindutse igihugu cyarangwaga no gusenga ibigirwamana, kumena amaraso hamwe n’ibikorwa by’ubusambanyi bukabije (Kuva 23:24; 34:12, 13; Kubara 33:52). Abaturage bo muri icyo gihugu banatwikaga abana babo babatambyeho ibitambo. Ese Imana irangwa no kwera yari gutuma ubwoko bwayo butura ahantu nk’aho? Oya rwose! Yaravuze iti: ‘Igihugu cyabo kiranduye. Nzahana abaturage bacyo bitewe n’icyaha cyabo kandi nzabirukana muri icyo gihugu’ (Abalewi 18:21-25). Ariko kandi, Yehova ntiyapfuye kwica abantu nta kurobanura. Abanyakanani bari bafite umutima mwiza, urugero nka Rahabu n’Abagibeyoni, nta cyo yabatwaye.—Yosuwa 6:25; 9:3-27.

13, 14. (a) Kuki Yehova agomba kweza izina rye? (b) Ni gute Yehova yejeje izina rye?

¹³ Kubera ko Yehova ari uwera, izina rye na ryo ni iryera (Abalewi 22:32). Yesu yigishije abigishwa be gusenga bavuga bati: “Izina ryawe niryezwe” (Matayo 6:9). Igihe Satani yabeshyeraga Yehova, akavuga ko ategeka nabi, kandi agatuma Adamu na Eva bigomeka, byasebeje izina rya Yehova ndetse bituma avugwa nabi. Yehova ntiyashoboraga kwihanganira ibintu nk’ibyo byo kumusebya no kumwigomekaho. Yagombaga kweza izina rye.—Yesaya 48:11.

¹⁴ Tugaruke ku Bisirayeli. Mu gihe bari bakiri abacakara muri Egiputa, ibyo Imana yari yarasezeranyije Aburahamu ivuga ko imiryango yose yo mu isi yari kuzihesha umugisha binyuriye ku rubyaro rwe, byasaga n’aho bitazashoboka. Ariko kandi, igihe Yehova yabacunguraga maze akabahindura ishyanga, yejeje izina rye. Umuhanuzi Daniyeli yasenze Imana ayisingiza ati: ‘Yehova Mana yacu wakuye ubwoko bwawe mu gihugu cya Egiputa ukoresheje ukuboko kwawe gukomeye, ukihesha izina ryiza.’—Daniyeli 9:15.

15. Kuki Yehova yacunguye Abayahudi akabavana mu bunyage barimo i Babuloni?

 ¹⁵ Igishishikaje, ni uko Daniyeli yavuze iryo sengesho mu gihe Abayahudi bari bakeneye ko Yehova yakongera akagira icyo akora ku bw’izina rye. Abayahudi banze kumvira bajyanywe mu bunyage, icyo gihe noneho bakaba barajyanywe i Babuloni. Umurwa mukuru wabo, ari wo Yerusalemu, wari warabaye amatongo. Daniyeli yari azi ko gusubiza Abayahudi mu gihugu cyabo byari guhesha ikuzo izina rya Yehova. Ni yo mpamvu yasenze ati: “Yehova, twumve. Yehova, tubabarire. Yehova, tega amatwi kandi ugire icyo ukora. Mana yanjye, ntutinde kubera izina ryawe, kuko umujyi wawe n’abantu bawe byitiriwe izina ryawe.”—Daniyeli 9:18, 19.

16. Sobanura impamvu kuba Yehova arwanirira izina rye bidasobanura ko atita ku bandi cyangwa ngo yikunde.

¹⁶ Ese kuba Yehova arwanirira izina rye byumvikanisha ko atita ku bandi cyangwa ko yikunda? Si ko bimeze, kubera ko iyo arwanirira izina rye, akagaragaza ko ari uwera kandi ko akurikiza ubutabera, aba arinda ubwoko bwe. Iyumvire nawe ibivugwa mu Ntangiriro igice cya 14. Aho ngaho, hari inkuru ivuga iby’abami bane bagabye igitero maze bagashimuta Loti, umuhungu w’umuvandimwe wa Aburahamu, hamwe n’umuryango we. Aburahamu abifashijwemo n’Imana, yatsinze mu buryo butangaje izo ngabo nyinshi cyane zamurushaga imbaraga. Inkuru y’uko gutsinda ishobora kuba ari yo ya mbere yanditswe mu ‘gitabo cy’Intambara za Yehova,’ uko bigaragara icyo gitabo kikaba cyari cyanditswemo n’ibindi bitero bya gisirikare bimwe na bimwe bitigeze byandikwa muri Bibiliya (Kubara 21:14). Hari ibindi bikorwa byo gutsinda byari kuzakurikiraho.

17. Ni iki kigaragaza ko Yehova yarwaniriye Abisirayeli igihe bari bamaze kwinjira mu gihugu cy’i Kanani? Tanga ingero.

¹⁷ Mbere gato y’uko Abisirayeli binjira mu gihugu cy’i Kanani, Mose yarababwiye ati: “Yehova Imana yanyu azabagenda imbere, abarwanirire nk’uko mwabonye abarwanirira muri Egiputa” (Gutegeka 1:30; 20:1). Koko rero, uhereye mu gihe cya Yosuwa wasimbuye Mose, ugakomeza ukagera mu gihe cy’Abacamanza no ku  ngoma z’abami bizerwa b’u Buyuda, Yehova yarwaniriye ubwoko bwe, abuha gutsinda abanzi babwo mu buryo bwinshi kandi butangaje.—Yosuwa 10:1-14; Abacamanza 4:12-17; 2 Samweli 5:17-21.

18. (a) Kuki twagombye kugaragaza ko twishimira ko Yehova atahindutse? (b) Ni iki kizabaho igihe urwango ruvugwa mu Ntangiriro 3:15 ruzaba rugeze ku iherezo ryarwo?

¹⁸ Yehova ntiyahindutse kandi ntiyahinduye umugambi we wo gutuma iyi si ihinduka paradizo irangwa n’amahoro (Intangiriro 1:27, 28). Na n’ubu Imana yanga ibibi cyane. Nanone kandi, ikunda cyane abagize ubwoko bwayo kandi vuba aha izagira icyo ikora kugira ngo ibafashe (Zaburi 11:7). Mu by’ukuri, twiteze ko vuba aha hazabaho ihinduka rikomeye ku bihereranye n’urwango ruvugwa mu Ntangiriro 3:15. Kugira ngo Yehova yeze izina rye kandi arinde ubwoko bwe, azongera abe “intwari mu ntambara.”—Zekariya 14:3; Ibyahishuwe 16:14, 16.

19. (a) Tanga urugero rugaragaza impamvu kuba Imana ikoresha imbaraga zayo zo kurimbura byagombye gutuma tuyegera. (b) Kuba Imana yiteguye kurwana intambara byagombye gutuma twiyumva dute?

¹⁹ Reka dufate urugero: tuvuge ko umuryango utewe n’inyamaswa y’inkazi, maze umutware w’umuryango akarwana na yo akayica. Ese utekereza ko umugore we n’abana be bamutinya kubera icyo gikorwa? Ahubwo wakwitega ko cyabashimisha, bitewe  n’urukundo abakunda. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ntitwagombye gucibwa intege no kuba Imana ikoresha imbaraga zayo zo kurimbura. Kuba yiteguye kurwana kugira ngo iturinde, byagombye gutuma turushaho kuyikunda. Nanone byagombye gutuma turushaho guha agaciro imbaraga zayo zitagira imipaka. Kubigenza dutyo bishobora gutuma ‘dukorera Imana umurimo wera mu buryo yemera, tuyitinya kandi tuyubaha.’—Abaheburayo 12:28.

20. Mu gihe dusomye inkuru zo muri Bibiliya zivuga ibihereranye n’intambara z’Imana ariko ntituzisobanukirwe neza, ni gute twagombye kubyifatamo, kandi kuki?

²⁰ Birumvikana ko buri gihe atari ko Bibiliya itanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku bihereranye n’imyanzuro ya Yehova ifitanye isano n’intambara arwana. Ariko buri gihe, dushobora kwiringira tudashidikanya ibi bikurikira: nta na rimwe Yehova akoresha imbaraga ze zo kurimbura ashotora abandi, abarenganya cyangwa mu buryo burangwa n’ubugome. Inshuro nyinshi, gusuzuma neza inkuru zo muri Bibiliya n’icyatumye ibintu runaka biba, cyangwa gusobanukirwa neza ibintu byavuzwe, bishobora kudufasha kubyumva mu buryo bukwiriye (Imigani 18:13). No mu gihe hari ibintu Yehova yakoze tutumva neza, tuba tugomba kwiga byinshi ku bimwerekeye no gutekereza ku mico ye ihebuje. Iyo tubigenje dutyo, dusanga dufite impamvu zihagije zo kwiringira Imana yacu Yehova.—Yobu 34:12.

21. Nubwo rimwe na rimwe Yehova aba “intwari mu ntambara,” ni iki ibyo bidasobanura?

²¹ Nubwo hari igihe biba ngombwa ko Yehova aba “intwari mu ntambara,” ntibisobanura ko akunda intambara. Igihe Ezekiyeli yerekwaga ibihereranye n’igare ryo mu ijuru, Yehova yagaragajwe ameze nk’uwiteguye kurwanya abanzi be. Ariko kandi, Ezekiyeli yabonye Imana ikikijwe n’umukororombya, ukaba ari ikimenyetso cy’amahoro (Intangiriro 9:13; Ezekiyeli 1:28; Ibyahishuwe 4:3). Uko bigaragara, Yehova aratuje kandi ni umunyamahoro. Intumwa Yohana yaranditse iti: ‘Imana ni urukundo’ (1 Yohana 4:8). Imico ya Yehova yose iruzuzanya. Kuba dushobora kwegera iyo Mana ifite imbaraga nyinshi nyamara ikanagira urukundo, birashimishije cyane.