1, 2. (a) Ni ibihe bibazo bikomeye inteko nyobozi y’itorero rya gikristo ryo mu kinyejana cya mbere yagombaga gukemura? (b) Ni iki cyafashije abavandimwe kugera ku mwanzuro ukwiriye?

 ABANTU bose bari bategereje bacecetse. Intumwa n’abasaza bari muri icyo cyumba i Yerusalemu bararebanaga, bumva ko bageze mu gihe gikomeye. Ikibazo cyo gukebwa cyari cyaratumye havuka ibibazo bikomeye. Ese Abakristo bagengwaga n’Amategeko ya Mose? Ese hagombaga kubaho itandukaniro hagati y’Abakristo b’Abayahudi n’ab’Abanyamahanga?

² Abagabo bari bafite inshingano y’ubuyobozi bari basuzumye ibihamya byinshi. Bazirikanaga Ijambo ry’Imana ry’ubuhanuzi hamwe n’ubuhamya bufatika bwatanzwe n’abiboneye ukuntu Yehova yatanze umugisha. Kandi buri wese yari yavuze ibyo atekereza byose. Hari hatanzwe ibihamya byinshi cyane ku birebana n’icyo kibazo, kandi rwose byaragaragaraga ko umwuka wa Yehova wabayoboraga. Ese abo bagabo bari gukurikiza ubwo buyobozi?

3. Gusuzuma inkuru ivugwa mu Byakozwe igice cya 15 byatugirira akahe kamaro?

³ Byasabaga kugira ukwizera nyakuri n’ubutwari kugira ngo bemere ubuyobozi umwuka wera watangaga kuri icyo kibazo. Bashoboraga gufata umwanzuro wari gutuma abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi barushaho kubanga. Kandi bashoboraga kurwanywa n’abantu bo mu itorero bari biyemeje gusubiza ubwoko bw’Imana ku Mategeko ya Mose. None se inteko nyobozi yari gukora iki? Nimucyo tubirebe. Mu gihe turi bube dusuzuma iyo nkuru, turi bubone ukuntu abo bagabo batanze icyitegererezo gikurikizwa n’Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova muri iki gihe. Ni icyitegererezo natwe twagombye gukurikiza mu gihe tugomba gufata imyanzuro n’igihe duhanganye n’ibibazo duhura na byo mu buzima bwacu bwa gikristo.

4, 5. Ni ubuhe bumenyi bwo mu Ijambo ry’Imana ry’ubuhanuzi Yakobo yerekejeho mu kibazo bajyagaho impaka?

⁴ Umwigishwa Yakobo, murumuna wa Yesu, yarahagurutse afata ijambo. a  Bisa naho icyo gihe ari we wari uyoboye inama. Amagambo ye yumvikanishaga neza umwanzuro iyo nteko yari yamaze kugeraho. Yakobo yabwiye abari bateraniye aho ati “Simeyoni yatubwiye mu buryo burambuye ukuntu muri iki gihe Imana yitaye ku banyamahanga, kugira ngo itoranyemo abantu bitirirwa izina ryayo. Ibyo bihuje n’amagambo y’abahanuzi.”—Ibyak 15:14, 15.

⁵ Amagambo yavuzwe na Simeyoni cyangwa Simoni Petero, hamwe n’ibihamya byatanzwe na Barinaba na Pawulo, bishobora kuba byaratumye Yakobo yibuka imirongo y’Ibyanditswe yatumye arushaho gusobanukirwa icyo kibazo bajyagaho impaka (Yoh 14:26). Yakobo amaze kuvuga ko “ibyo bihuje n’amagambo y’abahanuzi,” yasubiyemo amagambo aboneka muri Amosi 9:11, 12. Icyo gitabo ni kimwe mu bitabo bigize Ibyanditswe by’Igiheburayo bakunze kwita “Abahanuzi” (Mat 22:40; Ibyak 15:16-18). Uzabona ko ayo magambo Yakobo yasubiyemo atandukanye gato n’ayo dusanga mu gitabo cya Amosi muri iki gihe. Birashoboka ko Yakobo yasubiyemo ayo magambo ayavanye mu buhinduzi bwa Septante bw’Ibyanditswe by’Igiheburayo mu kigiriki.

6. Ni mu buhe buryo Ibyanditswe byatumye ikibazo baganiragaho kirushaho gusobanuka?

⁶ Yehova yahanuye abinyujije ku muhanuzi Amosi ko igihe cyari kuzagera akegura “ingando ya Dawidi,” ni ukuvuga umuryango wa cyami wari kuzakomokaho Umwami w’Ubwami bwa Mesiya (Ezek 21:26, 27). Ese Yehova yari kuzongera kugirana ubucuti bwihariye n’ishyanga ry’Abayahudi kavukire gusa? Oya. Ubwo buhanuzi bwongeraho ko “abo mu mahanga yose” bari guhurizwa hamwe bakaba abantu “bitirirwa izina [ry’Imana].” Ibuka ko Petero yari yahamije ati “nta tandukaniro na rimwe [Imana] yigeze ishyiraho hagati yacu [ni ukuvuga Abakristo b’Abayahudi] na bo [ni ukuvuga Abanyamahanga bizeye], ahubwo yabababariye ibyaha byabo kandi ituma bagira umutima ukeye bitewe n’uko bizeye” (Ibyak 15:9). Mu yandi magambo, Imana yashakaga ko Abayahudi n’Abanyamahanga bahurizwa hamwe bakaba abaragwa b’Ubwami (Rom 8:17; Efe 2:17-19). Nta hantu na hamwe ubwo buhanuzi bwahumetswe bwagaragaje ko Abanyamahanga bizeye, bagombaga kubanza gukebwa ku mubiri cyangwa bagahindukirira idini ry’Abayahudi.

7, 8. (a) Yakobo yatanze ikihe gitekerezo? (b) Twagombye kumva dute amagambo Yakobo yavuze?

⁷ Yakobo ahereye kuri ibyo bihamya byo mu Byanditswe hamwe n’ubuhamya bukomeye yari yarumvise, yatanze umwanzuro ukurikira ngo abandi bawutekerezeho. Yaravuze ati “none rero, umwanzuro wanjye ni uwo gutuma abanyamahanga bagarukiye Imana badahangayika. Ahubwo nimureke tubandikire ko birinda ibintu byatambiwe ibigirwamana, bakirinda gusambana, bakirinda ibinizwe, bakirinda n’amaraso. Kuva kera kugeza ubu, hari abantu babwiriza mu mijyi yose ibyanditswe na Mose, kandi buri Sabato bisomerwa mu masinagogi mu ijwi riranguruye.”—Ibyak 15:19-21.

⁸ None se igihe Yakobo yavugaga ati “none rero, umwanzuro wanjye,” yaba yarashakaga kumvisha abandi bavandimwe ko afite ubutware, wenda bitewe n’uko ari we wari uyoboye inama, maze agafata umwanzuro ku giti cye w’icyagombaga gukorwa? Oya rwose! Amagambo y’ikigiriki yahinduwemo  “umwanzuro wanjye” ashobora nanone gusobanurwa ngo “uko mbibona” cyangwa “ndatanga igitekerezo.” Yakobo ntiyashakaga kugaragaza ko ari we uyoboye inteko yose, ahubwo yabagezagaho igitekerezo bakwiriye gusuzuma gishingiye ku bihamya bumvise n’icyo Ibyanditswe bivuga kuri icyo kibazo.

9. Igitekerezo Yakobo yatanze cyagize akahe kamaro?

⁹ Ese igitekerezo Yakobo yatanze cyari cyiza? Uko bigaragara cyari cyiza kubera ko intumwa zose n’abasaza bacyemeye. Ibyo byagize akahe kamaro? Ku ruhande rumwe, umwanzuro wafashwe ntiwari ‘guhagarika umutima’ cyangwa “kurushya” Abakristo b’Abanyamahanga ubahatira gukurikiza ibyasabwaga mu Mategeko ya Mose (Ibyak 15:19; Bibiliya Yera). Ku rundi ruhande, uwo mwanzuro wagaragazaga ko bubaha umutimanama w’Abakristo b’Abayahudi bari bamaze imyaka myinshi bumva ‘ibyanditswe na Mose, kandi buri Sabato bigasomerwa mu masinagogi mu ijwi riranguruye’ (Ibyak 15:21). b Uwo mwanzuro wari gutuma rwose Abakristo b’Abayahudi n’Abanyamahanga barushaho kunga ubumwe. Ikiruta byose ni uko wari gushimisha Yehova Imana kuko wari uhuje n’umugambi we. Rwose, ubwo bwari uburyo bwiza bwo gukemura ikibazo cyashoboraga guhungabanya ubumwe n’amahoro by’itorero ryose ry’ubwoko bw’Imana. Kandi se mbega ukuntu urwo ari urugero ruhebuje ku itorero rya gikristo muri iki gihe!

10. Ni mu buhe buryo Inteko Nyobozi yo muri iki gihe ikurikiza icyitegererezo yasigiwe n’iyo mu kinyejana cya mbere?

¹⁰ Nk’uko byavuzwe mu gice kibanziriza iki, muri iki gihe Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova yigana iyo mu kinyejana cya mbere, maze mu bibazo byose igashakira ubuyobozi kuri Yehova, we Mwami w’Ikirenga w’isi n’ijuru, na Yesu Kristo Umutware w’itorero (1 Kor 11:3). c Ibyo bikorwa bite? Albert D. Schroeder, wari umwe mu bagize Inteko Nyobozi kuva mu mwaka wa 1974 kugeza igihe yarangirije isiganwa rye ryo ku isi muri Werurwe 2006, yabisobanuye agira ati “abagize Inteko Nyobozi baterana ku wa gatatu, bagatangiza inama isengesho  basaba Yehova ubuyobozi bw’umwuka we. Bakora uko bashoboye bakagenzura niba umwanzuro wose ufashwe uhuje n’Ijambo ry’Imana Bibiliya.” Mu buryo nk’ubwo, Milton G. Henschel, wamaze igihe kirekire ari umwe mu bagize Inteko Nyobozi, akaba yararangije isiganwa rye ryo ku isi muri Werurwe 2003, yabajije ikibazo cy’ingenzi abanyeshuri bari bagiye guhabwa impamyabumenyi mu ishuri rya 101 rya Bibiliya rya Watchtower rya Gileyadi. Yarababajije ati “ese hari undi muryango wo ku isi ufite Inteko Nyobozi ibanza gusuzuma Ijambo ry’Imana Bibiliya mbere yo gufata imyanzuro ikomeye?” Igisubizo kirigaragaza.

11. Ni mu buhe buryo amatorero yamenyeshejwe umwanzuro wari wafashwe n’inteko nyobozi?

¹¹ Abari bagize inteko nyobozi y’i Yerusalemu bari bageze ku mwanzuro bose bumvikanagaho ku kibazo cyo gukebwa. Icyakora, kugira ngo abavandimwe bo mu matorero bakomeze kunga ubumwe bagombaga kumenyeshwa uwo mwanzuro mu buryo bwiza, busobanutse neza kandi bubatera inkunga. Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza ibyo byari gukorwamo? Iyo nkuru ibisobanura igira iti “intumwa, abasaza n’abagize itorero, bahitamo kohereza muri Antiyokiya abagabo batoranyijwe bo muri bo kugira ngo bajyane na Pawulo na Barinaba. Bohereje Yuda witwaga Barisaba na Silasi, bakaba bari bafite inshingano zikomeye mu itorero.” Nanone bateguye ibaruwa bayiha abo bavandimwe kugira ngo izasomerwe amatorero yose yo muri Antiyokiya, Siriya na Kilikiya.—Ibyak 15:22-26.

12, 13. Ni ibihe bintu byiza byagezweho bitewe n’uko bohereje (a) Yuda na Silasi? (b) ibaruwa y’inteko nyobozi?

¹² Kubera ko Yuda na Silasi bari basanzwe ari abagabo “bari bafite inshingano zikomeye mu itorero,” bari bujuje ibisabwa byose kugira ngo bahagararire inteko nyobozi. Kuba haroherejwe itsinda ry’abagabo bane, byagaragazaga neza ko ubutumwa bari bazanye butari bugamije gutanga igisubizo ku kibazo cyari cyabajijwe gusa, ahubwo ko bwari amabwiriza asobanutse aturutse ku nteko nyobozi. Abo ‘bagabo batoranyijwe’ bari gutuma Abakristo b’Abayahudi b’i Yerusalemu barushaho kunga ubumwe n’Abakristo b’Abanyamahanga bo mu matorero. Mbega ukuntu iyo yari gahunda irangwa n’ubwenge kandi yuje urukundo! Nta gushidikanya rwose ko ibyo byatumye abagize ubwoko bw’Imana babana mu mahoro kandi bakomeza kuvuga rumwe.

¹³ Iyo baruwa ntiyahaga Abakristo b’Abanyamahanga amabwiriza asobanutse ku kibazo cyo gukebwa gusa, ahubwo nanone yababwiraga icyo bagombaga gukora kugira ngo Yehova abemere kandi abahe umugisha. Igice cy’ingenzi cy’iyo baruwa cyagiraga kiti “tuyobowe n’umwuka wera, twageze ku mwanzuro w’uko tudakwiriye kubikoreza undi mutwaro. Icyakora, turabasaba kubahiriza ibi bintu by’ingenzi: Gukomeza kwirinda ibyatambiwe ibigirwamana, kwirinda amaraso, kwirinda ibinizwe no kwirinda gusambana. Ibyo bintu nimubyirinda muzamererwa neza. Mugire amahoro!”—Ibyak 15:28, 29.

14. Ni iki gituma abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova bashobora gukorana bunze ubumwe muri iyi si irangwa n’amacakubiri?

 ¹⁴ Muri iki gihe, Abahamya ba Yehova basaga 8.000.000 bibumbiye mu matorero asaga 100.000 hirya no hino ku isi, bafite imyizerere imwe kandi bunze ubumwe mu byo bakora. Ubwo bumwe bo babugezeho bate, ko usanga abantu bo muri iyi si barangwa n’ubushyamirane n’imitekerereze y’amacakubiri? Mbere na mbere, ubwo bumwe babukesha ubuyobozi busobanutse neza kandi bugaragara bahabwa n’Umutware w’itorero, ari we Yesu Kristo, abunyujije ku “mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge” ni ukuvuga, Inteko Nyobozi (Mat 24:45-47). Nanone ubwo bumwe bugerwaho bitewe n’uko umuryango w’abavandimwe wo ku isi hose uba witeguye gukurikiza ubuyobozi uhabwa n’Inteko Nyobozi.

15, 16. Ikibazo cyo gukebwa cyarangiye gite, kandi se ni iki cyatumye kirangira neza?

¹⁵ Iyo nkuru yo mu Byakozwe ikomeza itubwira ko abo bavandimwe bari baturutse i Yerusalemu bageze muri Antiyokiya, ‘bagahuriza hamwe abantu benshi bakabaha iyo baruwa.’ Abavandimwe bo muri Antiyokiya bakiriye bate amabwiriza yari aturutse ku nteko nyobozi? ‘Bamaze gusoma [iyo baruwa] bishimiye izo nkunga batewe’ (Ibyak 15:30, 31). Byongeye kandi, Yuda na Silasi ‘bahaye abavandimwe disikuru nyinshi zo kubatera inkunga no kubakomeza.’ Ni muri ubwo buryo abo bagabo babiri bari “abahanuzi,” nk’uko Barinaba, Pawulo n’abandi bitwaga abahanuzi, iryo jambo rikaba ryerekeza ku bantu batangazaga cyangwa bamenyeshaga abandi ibyo Imana ishaka.—Ibyak 13:1; 15:32; Kuva 7:1, 2.

¹⁶ Byarigaragazaga ko Yehova yari ashyigikiye iyo gahunda, bikaba ari na byo byatumye icyo kibazo kibonerwa umuti ushimishije. Ni iki cyatumye icyo kibazo kirangira neza? Nta gushidikanya ko byatewe n’uko inteko nyobozi yatanze ubuyobozi busobanutse neza kandi buhuje n’igihe, bushingiye ku Ijambo ry’Imana no ku buyobozi bw’umwuka wera. Kuri ibyo byose hiyongeraho n’ukuntu iyo myanzuro yamenyeshejwe amatorero mu buryo bwuje urukundo kandi bwagaragazaga ko yitaweho.

17. Bimwe mu bikorwa mu gihe cy’uruzinduko rw’abagenzuzi basura amatorero bikurikiza ikihe cyitegererezo?

¹⁷ Muri iki gihe, Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova na yo ikurikiza urwo rugero, igaha umuryango w’abavandimwe bo ku isi hose ubuyobozi buhuje n’igihe. Iyo hari imyanzuro yafashwe, imenyeshwa amatorero mu buryo busobanutse neza kandi budaca ku ruhande. Uburyo bumwe ibyo bikorwamo, ni ugusurwa n’abagenzuzi b’uturere. Abo bavandimwe barangwa no kwigomwa, basura amatorero bakayagezaho amabwiriza asobanutse neza kandi bakayatera inkunga. Bamara igihe kinini mu murimo wo kubwiriza, “bigisha kandi batangaza ubutumwa bwiza bw’ijambo rya Yehova” nk’uko Pawulo na Barinaba babigenzaga (Ibyak 15:35). Kimwe na Yuda na Silasi, “baha abavandimwe disikuru nyinshi zo kubatera inkunga no kubakomeza.”

18. Abagize ubwoko bw’Imana bakora iki kugira ngo Yehova akomeze kubaha umugisha?

¹⁸ Bite se ku matorero? Ni iki kizafasha amatorero yo hirya no hino ku isi gukomeza  kugira amahoro no kuvuga rumwe muri iyi si yuzuye amacakubiri? Ibuka ko umwigishwa Yakobo ari we waje kwandika ati “ubwenge buva mu ijuru, mbere na mbere buraboneye, kandi ni ubw’amahoro, burangwa no gushyira mu gaciro, buba bwiteguye kumvira. . . . Byongeye kandi, imbuto zo gukiranuka zibibwa mu mahoro, zikabibirwa abaharanira amahoro” (Yak 3:17, 18). Niba Yakobo yaranditse ayo magambo yibuka inama yabereye i Yerusalemu cyangwa niba atari ko bimeze, nta cyo tubiziho. Ariko duhereye ku byo twasuzumye bivugwa mu Byakozwe igice cya 15, tubona ko Yehova atanga umugisha ari uko gusa hari ubumwe n’ubwumvikane.

19, 20. (a) Ni iki kigaragaza ko mu itorero ryo muri Antiyokiya hari amahoro n’ubumwe? (b) Ni iki Pawulo na Barinaba bashoboraga gukora?

¹⁹ Byarigaragazaga ko mu itorero ryo muri Antiyokiya hari amahoro n’ubumwe. Aho kugira ngo abavandimwe bo muri Antiyokiya bahangane n’abavandimwe b’i Yerusalemu, bishimiye gusurwa na Yuda na Silasi, kuko ‘bahamaze igihe, abavandimwe babasezeraho baragenda, basubira ku bari barabatumye,’ i Yerusalemu (Ibyak 15:33). d Dushobora kandi kwiringira rwose ko abavandimwe b’i Yerusalemu na bo bishimye igihe abo bagabo babiri babatekererezaga uko urugendo rwabo rwagenze. Yehova yabagaragarije ubuntu butagereranywa, maze basohoza amahoro ubutumwa bari bagiyemo.

²⁰ Icyo gihe Pawulo na Barinaba bari basigaye muri Antiyokiya, bashoboraga noneho kwibanda ku byo gufata iya mbere mu murimo wo kubwiriza, nk’uko abagenzuzi b’uturere babigenza iyo basuye amatorero bashinzwe (Ibyak 13:2, 3). Mbega ukuntu ibyo ari umugisha ku bagize ubwoko bwa Yehova! Ariko se ni mu buhe buryo bundi Yehova yakomeje gukoresha abo babwirizabutumwa babiri barangwaga n’ishyaka kandi akabaha umugisha? Ibyo tuzabibona mu gice gikurikira.