1-3. Ni mu buhe buryo Yesu yatandukanye n’intumwa ze, kandi se ibyo bituma twibaza ibihe bibazo?

 INTUMWA zari zimaze ibyumweru runaka zibona ibintu bishishikaje kandi ntizifuzaga ko byarangira. Umuzuko wa Yesu wabavanye mu gahinda kenshi barimo, bagira ibyishimo byinshi. Hari hashize iminsi 40 Yesu abonekera abigishwa be, akabigisha ibintu byinshi kandi akabatera inkunga. Icyakora, uwo munsi bwari ubwa nyuma ababonekeye.

² Intumwa za Yesu zari kumwe na we ku Musozi w’Imyelayo, ziteze amatwi zitonze ibyo yavugaga byose. Yarangije kuvuga zigishishikariye kumutega amatwi, arambura ibiganza maze aziha umugisha. Nuko atangira kuzamuka ava ku isi. Abigishwa be bakomeje kumuhanga amaso mu gihe yazamukaga mu kirere, hanyuma igicu kiramukingiriza ntibongera kumubona. Yari yagiye, ariko bakomeje gutumbira mu ijuru.—Luka 24:50; Ibyak 1:9, 10.

³ Ibyo byari ihinduka rikomeye mu mibereho y’intumwa za Yesu. None se bari gukora iki ko Yesu Kristo Umuyobozi wabo yari amaze kuzamuka mu ijuru? Icyo dushobora kwiringira tudashidikanya ni uko Umutware wabo yari yarabateguriye gukomeza umurimo yari yaratangije. Ni mu buhe buryo yari yarabahaye ibikenewe kugira ngo basohoze iyo nshingano ikomeye, kandi se babyakiriye bate? Ni mu buhe buryo ibyo bireba Abakristo muri iki gihe? Igice cya mbere cy’Ibyakozwe gitanga ibisubizo bitera inkunga.

4. Luka atangira ate inkuru yo mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe?

⁴ Luka atangira inkuru ye abwira Tewofili, ari na we mbere yaho yandikiye inkuru y’Ivanjiri. a Kugira ngo Luka agaragaze ko iyo nkuru ikomereza ku ya mbere, yabanje gusubiramo muri make ibyo yanditse asoza Ivanjiri ye, akoresha amagambo atandukanye n’ayo yakoresheje mbere, kandi yongeraho ibisobanuro bishya.

5, 6. (a) Ni iki cyari gufasha abigishwa ba Yesu gukomeza kugira ukwizera gukomeye? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo ukwizera kw’Abakristo muri iki gihe gushingiye ku ‘bimenyetso byinshi bidashidikanywaho’?

⁵ Ni iki cyari gutuma ukwizera kw’abigishwa ba Yesu gukomera? Mu Byakozwe 1:3, havuga ko Yesu yafashije intumwa ze ‘kwemera badashidikanya’ ko ari muzima. Muri Bibiliya, “Luka umuganga ukundwa” ni we wenyine wakoresheje ijambo ryahinduwemo ‘kwemera udashidikanya’ (Kolo 4:14). Ni ijambo ryakoreshwaga mu nyandiko z’abaganga risobanura ikimenyetso cyigaragaza, cy’ukuri kandi cyizerwa. Yesu yatanze ikimenyetso nk’icyo. Yiyeretse abigishwa be incuro nyinshi. Hari igihe yiyerekaga umwe cyangwa babiri, ubundi akiyereka intumwa zose, ndetse hari n’igihe yiyeretse abigishwa basaga 500 (1 Kor 15:3-6). Ibyo byari ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho rwose.

⁶ Muri iki gihe, ukwizera kw’Abakristo b’ukuri na ko gushingiye ku ‘bimenyetso byinshi bidashidikanywaho.’ Ese haba hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Yesu yabaye ku isi, agapfa ku bw’ibyaha byacu kandi akazurwa? Birahari rwose. Inkuru z’abahamya bizerwa babyiboneye ziboneka mu Ijambo ry’Imana ryahumetswe, zitanga ibimenyetso byose dukeneye kugira ngo twemere. Kwiga izo nkuru no gusenga bishobora gutuma ukwizera kwacu gukomera cyane. Wibuke ko aho ukwizera nyakuri gutandukaniye no kwizera ibintu buhumyi, ari uko ukwizera nyakuri kuba gushingiye ku bimenyetso bifatika. Tugomba kugira ukwizera nyakuri kugira ngo tuzabone ubuzima bw’iteka.—Yoh 3:16.

7. Ni uruhe rugero Yesu yasigiye abigishwa be mu birebana no kwigisha no kubwiriza?

⁷ Nanone Yesu yavuze “ibyerekeye ubwami bw’Imana.” Urugero, yasobanuye  ubuhanuzi bwagaragazaga ko Mesiya yagombaga kubabazwa kandi agapfa (Luka 24:13-32, 46, 47). Igihe yasobanuraga inshingano ye yo kuba Mesiya, yibanze ku Bwami bw’Imana kuko ari we wari waratoranyirijwe kuzaba Umwami wabwo. Ubwami bw’Imana ni bwo Yesu yibandagaho buri gihe iyo yabwirizaga, kandi ni bwo abigishwa be babwiriza muri iki gihe.—Mat 24:14; Luka 4:43.

8, 9. (a) Ni ibihe bitekerezo bibiri bidahuje n’ukuri intumwa za Yesu zari zifite? (b) Yesu yakosoye ate imitekerereze y’intumwa, kandi se ibyo byigisha iki Abakristo muri iki gihe?

⁸ Igihe intumwa zari ziteraniye ku musozi w’Imyelayo, bwari ubwa nyuma zihuye na Yesu hano ku isi. Zamubajije zishishikaye ziti “Mwami, ese muri iki gihe ni bwo ugiye gusubiza Isirayeli ubwami” (Ibyak 1:6)? Muri icyo kibazo intumwa zabajije, zagaragaje ko zari zifite ibitekerezo bidahuje n’ukuri. Mbere na mbere, zatekerezaga ko Ubwami bw’Imana bwari gusubizwa Abisirayeli bo mu buryo bw’umubiri. Nanone, zari ziteze ko Ubwami bwasezeranyijwe bwagombaga guhita butangira gutegeka ‘muri icyo gihe.’ Yesu yazifashije ate gukosora ibitekerezo byazo?

⁹ Yesu agomba kuba yari azi ko igitekerezo cya mbere cyari gukosorwa bidatinze. Koko rero, nyuma y’iminsi icumi gusa abigishwa be bari kwibonera ivuka ry’ishyanga rishya, ni ukuvuga Isirayeli yo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Imishyikirano Imana yagiranaga n’Abisirayeli bo mu buryo bw’umubiri yari hafi kurangira. Ku bijyanye n’igitekerezo cya kabiri, Yesu yababwiye mu bugwaneza ati “si ibyanyu kumenya ibihe cyangwa iminsi yagenwe. Ibyo ni Papa wo mu ijuru wenyine ubifitiye ubushobozi” (Ibyak 1:7). Yehova ni we nyiri ukugena ingengabihe mukuru. Mbere y’uko Yesu apfa yivugiye ko n’Umwana atari azi “uwo munsi n’icyo gihe” imperuka yari kuzazira, ‘keretse Se wenyine’ (Mat 24:36). No muri iki gihe, iyo Abakristo bahangayikishijwe n’igihe imperuka y’isi izazira, baba mu by’ukuri bahangayikishijwe n’ibitabareba.

10. Ni iyihe myifatire y’intumwa twagombye kwihatira kugira, kandi kuki?

¹⁰ Icyakora twagombye kwitonda ntidusuzugure intumwa za Yesu, kuko bari abagabo bafite ukwizera gukomeye. Bicishije bugufi bemera gukosorwa. Byongeye kandi, nubwo ikibazo babajije cyatewe n’uko bari bafite ibitekerezo bidahuje n’ukuri, cyagaragaje ko bari bafite imyifatire myiza. Yesu yari yarateye abigishwa be inkunga kenshi agira ati “mukomeze kuba maso” (Mat 24:42; 25:13; 26:41). Bari maso mu buryo bw’umwuka, bagahora bagenzura babishishikariye ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Yehova yari agiye kugira icyo akora. Iyo ni yo myifatire tugomba kugira muri iki gihe. Mu by’ukuri, kubera ko tugeze ku iherezo ry’‘iminsi y’imperuka,’ kubigenza dutyo birihutirwa cyane kurushaho.—2 Tim 3:1-5.

11, 12. (a) Ni iyihe nshingano Yesu yahaye abigishwa be? (b) Kuki byari bikwiriye ko Yesu avuga iby’umwuka wera igihe yahaga abigishwa be inshingano yo kubwiriza?

¹¹ Yesu yibukije intumwa ze icyo zagombaga kwibandaho. Yaravuze ati “umwuka wera nubazaho muzagira imbaraga, kandi muzambera abahamya i Yerusalemu, i Yudaya n’i Samariya mugere no mu turere twa kure cyane tw’isi” (Ibyak 1:8). Inkuru y’izuka rya Yesu yagombaga gutangarizwa mbere na mbere  i Yerusalemu, aho yiciwe. Ubutumwa bwagombaga guhera aho, bugakwira i Yudaya hose, bukagera i Samariya, hanyuma bukagera kure yaho.

¹² Birashishikaje kuba Yesu yarabwiye abigishwa be iby’inshingano yo kubwiriza, amaze kubasezeranya ko azaboherereza umwuka wera wo kubafasha. Iyi ni imwe mu ncuro zisaga 40 imvugo “umwuka wera” igaragara mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe. Incuro nyinshi, iki gitabo gishishikaje cya Bibiliya, kigaragaza neza ko tudashobora gukora ibyo Yehova ashaka tudafashijwe n’umwuka wera. Ubwo rero ni iby’ingenzi cyane ko dusenga buri gihe dusaba uwo mwuka (Luka 11:13). Ubu ni bwo tuwukeneye kurusha mbere hose.

13. Umurimo wo kubwiriza ukorwa mu rugero rungana iki muri iki gihe, kandi se kuki twagombye kuwukora tubishishikariye?

¹³ Ibisobanuro by’amagambo agira ati “kugera mu turere twa kure cyane tw’isi” byarahindutse. Muri iki gihe tubwiriza ku isi hose. Nk’uko twabibonye mu gice kibanziriza iki, Abahamya ba Yehova bemeye gukora umurimo wo kubwiriza n’umutima wabo wose, kuko bazi ko Imana ishaka ko abantu b’ingeri zose bumva ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami bwayo (1 Tim 2:3, 4). Mbese uhugira muri uwo murimo urokora ubuzima? Nta handi ushobora kuzabona umurimo utuma umuntu arushaho kumva anyuzwe. Yehova azaguha imbaraga ukeneye kugira ngo uwusohoze. Igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe kizakubwira byinshi ku birebana n’uburyo bwiza wakoresha n’imyifatire wakwitoza, kugira ngo ugire icyo ugeraho mu murimo.

14, 15. (a) Ni iki abamarayika bavuze ku birebana no kugaruka kwa Kristo, kandi se bashakaga kuvuga iki? (Reba nanone ibisobanuro hasi ku ipaji.) (b) Ni mu buhe buryo Kristo yagarutse ‘nk’uko yagiye’?

¹⁴ Nk’uko byavuzwe mu ntangiriro y’iki gice, Yesu yarazamutse ava ku isi, ntiyongera kuboneka. Nyamara, intumwa 11 zagumye aho zireba mu ijuru. Hanyuma abamarayika babiri barababonekeye, barababwira bati “bagabo b’i Galilaya, kuki muhagaze mureba mu kirere? Yesu wari uri kumwe namwe none akaba ajyanywe mu ijuru, azagaruka nk’uko mumubonye agenda” (Ibyak 1:11). Mbese abo bamarayika baba barashakaga kuvuga ko Yesu yari kugaruka afite umubiri nk’uwo yari afite, nk’uko abanyamadini bamwe babyigisha? Oya, si icyo bashakaga kuvuga. Ibyo tubizi dute?

¹⁵ Abo bamarayika bavuze ko Yesu atari kugaruka afite ishusho nk’iyo yagiye afite, ahubwo ko yari ‘kuzagaruka nk’uko yagiye.’ b Uburyo yagiyemo ni ubuhe? Nta wari ukimubona igihe abamarayika bavugaga. Abantu bake gusa, ni ukuvuga intumwa, ni bo bamenye ko Yesu yavuye ku isi kandi ko yagiye mu ijuru kwa Se. Kristo yari kuzagaruka mu buryo nk’ubwo. Kandi ni ko byagenze. Muri iki gihe, abafite ubushishozi bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka ni bo bonyine bazi ko Yesu ahari afite ububasha bwa cyami (Luka 17:20). Tugomba kugenzura ibihamya bigaragaza ukuhaba kwe, kandi tukabimenyesha abandi kugira ngo na bo bamenye ko ibihe turimo byihutirwa.

16-18. (a) Duhereye ku bivugwa mu Byakozwe 1:13, 14, ni iki tumenya ku birebana n’amateraniro ya gikristo? (b) Urugero Mariya nyina wa Yesu yatanze rutwigisha iki? (c) Kuki amateraniro ya gikristo ari ingenzi muri iki gihe?

¹⁶ Ntibitangaje kuba intumwa ‘zarasubiye i Yerusalemu zifite ibyishimo byinshi’ (Luka 24:52). Ubwo se zari kwitabira zite ubuyobozi n’amabwiriza ya Kristo? Mu Byakozwe igice cya 1 umurongo wa 13 n’uwa 14, tubona ko intumwa zari ziteraniye mu “cyumba cyari hejuru,” kandi hari ibintu bishishikaje tumenya ku birebana n’ayo materaniro. Amazu yo muri Palesitina y’icyo gihe, akenshi yabaga afite icyumba cyo hejuru umuntu yageragamo anyuze kuri esikariye zo hanze. Mbese icyo ‘cyumba cyo hejuru’ cyari ku nzu ya nyina wa Mariko ivugwa mu Byakozwe 12:12? Aho cyaba cyari kiri hose, hashobora kuba hari ahantu horoheje kandi hakwiriye, abigishwa ba Kristo bashoboraga guteranira. Ariko se ni ba nde bahateraniraga, kandi se bakoraga iki?

¹⁷ Zirikana ko ayo materaniro atazagamo intumwa cyangwa abagabo gusa. “Abagore bamwe na bamwe” babaga bahari, harimo na Mariya nyina wa Yesu. Iyo ni yo ncuro ya nyuma avugwa mu buryo bweruye muri Bibiliya. Birakwiriye ko dutekereza ko atabaga yaje muri ayo materaniro kwibonekeza. Ahubwo yabaga yaje gufatanya n’abavandimwe be bo mu buryo bw’umwuka gusenga yicishije bugufi. Agomba kuba yarahumurizwaga no kubona abandi bahungu be bane batizeraga igihe Yesu yari akiriho, na bo bari basigaye bifatanya na we (Mat 13:55; Yoh 7:5). Umuvandimwe wabo amaze gupfa akanazuka, barahindutse.—1 Kor 15:7.

¹⁸ Zirikana nanone icyatumaga abo bigishwa bateranira hamwe. Bibiliya igira iti “abo bose bakomezaga gusenga bunze ubumwe” (Ibyak 1:14). Guteranira hamwe buri gihe byabaga ari kimwe mu bigize gahunda yo gusenga ya gikristo. Duteranira hamwe kugira ngo duterane inkunga, duhabwe amabwiriza n’inama, kandi ikirenze byose, duteranira hamwe kugira ngo dusenge Data wo mu ijuru, Yehova. Amasengesho tuvugira muri ayo materaniro n’indirimbo zo gusingiza Imana, birayishimisha cyane kandi ni ingenzi kuri twe. Ntituzigere twirengagiza ayo materaniro yera atwubaka.—Heb 10:24, 25.

19-21. (a) Ni iki twigira ku ruhare rw’ingenzi Petero yagize mu itorero? (b) Kuki byabaye ngombwa ko Yuda asimburwa, kandi uko icyo kibazo cyabonewe igisubizo bitwigisha iki?

¹⁹ Abo bigishwa ba Kristo bari bafite ikibazo gikomeye cyo gushyira ibintu kuri gahunda, maze intumwa Petero afata iya mbere mu kugikemura (umurongo wa 15-26). Mbese ntibiteye inkunga kumenya ukuntu Petero yari yaragize amajyambere mu byumweru bike gusa uhereye igihe yihakanaga Shebuja incuro eshatu (Mar 14:72)? Twese dufite kamere ibogamira ku cyaha, kandi tuba dukeneye kwibutswa ko Yehova ari ‘mwiza kandi yiteguye kubabarira’ abihana by’ukuri.—Zab 86:5.

²⁰ Petero yabonye ko Yuda, ya ntumwa yagambaniye Yesu, yagombaga gusimburwa. Ariko se yari gusimburwa na nde? Petero yavuze ko intumwa nshya yagombaga kuba ari umuntu wakurikiraga Yesu mu gihe cyose yakoraga  umurimo we, kandi akaba ari umuhamya wabonye izuka rye (Ibyak 1:21, 22). Ibyo byari bihuje n’isezerano Yesu yatanze agira ati “namwe mwankurikiye muzicara ku ntebe z’ubwami 12, mucire imanza imiryango 12 ya Isirayeli” (Mat 19:28). Uko bigaragara, Yehova yari afite umugambi w’uko intumwa zakurikiraga Yesu igihe yakoreraga umurimo we ku isi ari zo zari kuzaba “amabuye cumi n’abiri y’urufatiro” rwa Yerusalemu nshya (Ibyah 21:2, 14). Ni yo mpamvu Imana yatumye Petero abona ko ubuhanuzi bugira buti “inshingano ye y’ubugenzuzi ifatwe n’undi,” bwerekezaga kuri Yuda.—Zab 109:8.

²¹ Bamutoranyije bate? Bakoze ubufindo cyangwa tombora, uwo ukaba wari umugenzo wari usanzwe mu bihe bya Bibiliya (Imig 16:33). Icyakora, iyo ni yo ncuro ya nyuma Bibiliya igaragaza uwo mugenzo w’ubufindo ukoreshwa muri ubwo buryo. Uko bigaragara, umwuka wera waje gusukwa ku ntumwa watumye ubwo buryo buvaho. Ariko kandi, uzirikane impamvu ubufindo bwakoreshwaga. Intumwa zasenze zigira ziti “Yehova, wowe uzi imitima y’abantu bose, twereke uwo watoranyije muri aba bagabo babiri” (Ibyak 1:23, 24). Bashakaga ko Yehova aba ari we wihitiramo. Matiyasi, ushobora kuba yari mu bigishwa 70 Yesu yohereje kubwiriza ni we watoranyijwe. Nguko uko Matiyasi yaje kuba umwe muri “za ntumwa 12.” c—Ibyak 6:2.

22, 23. Kuki twagombye kumvira no kugandukira amabwiriza y’abatuyobora mu itorero muri iki gihe?

²² Ibyo bitwibutsa akamaro ko kugira gahunda mu bwoko bw’Imana. Kugeza n’uyu munsi, hatoranywa abagabo bashoboye bagahabwa inshingano yo kuba abagenzuzi mu itorero. Abasaza basuzuma bitonze ibisabwa mu Byanditswe abo bagenzuzi bagomba kuba bujuje, kandi bagasenga basaba ubuyobozi bw’umwuka wera. Bityo rero, itorero ribona ko abo bagabo bashyirwaho binyuze ku mwuka wera. Naho twe, dukomeza kumvira no kugandukira ubuyobozi bwabo, kuko ibyo bituma abagize itorero bakomeza gukorana neza.—Heb 13:17.

²³ Abo bigishwa bamaze gukomezwa n’uko Yesu yababonekeye amaze kuzuka, bagaterwa inkunga n’ukuntu gahunda yo mu itorero yanonosowe, bari biteguye mu buryo bwuzuye icyari kibategereje. Igice gikurikira kizasuzuma icyo kintu gihambaye cyabaye.