1, 2. Kodi atumwi ayenera kuti ankadzifunsa funso liti Yesu atapita kumwamba?

 PAMENE Yesu ankakwera kumwamba n’kubisika m’mitambo, atumwi anangoima n’kumayang’anitsitsa kumwambako. (Mac. 1:9, 10) Yesuyo anali mnzawo wapamtima ndipo ankawaphunzitsa, kuwalimbikitsa komanso kuwatsogolera kwa zaka ziwiri. Koma tsopano anasiyana naye ndipo sankadziwa zoti achite.

² Yesu anauza otsatira ake kuti: “Mudzakhala mboni zanga mu Yerusalemu, ku Yudeya konse ndi ku Samariya, mpaka kumalekezero a dziko lapansi.” (Mac. 1:8) Kodi akanakwanitsa bwanji kugwira ntchito imeneyi? N’zoona kuti Yesu anawalonjeza kuti adzalandira mzimu woyera. (Mac. 1:5) Koma kuti ntchitoyi iyende, pankafunika gulu komanso mtsogoleri. M’mbuyo monsemu, Yehova ankagwiritsa ntchito anthu ena potsogolera anthu ake. Choncho atumwiwo ankadzifunsa kuti, ‘Kodi ndiye kuti Yehova asankha mtsogoleri wina?’

3. (a) Kodi atumwi anachita chiyani Yesu atapita kumwamba? (b) Kodi tikambirana chiyani m’nkhaniyi?

³ Pasanathe milungu iwiri, ophunzira anafufuza m’Malemba n’kuzindikira kuti ayenera kupeza munthu woti alowe m’malo mwa Yudasi Isikariyoti. Ndiyeno ataipempherera nkhaniyi, anasankha Matiya. (Mac. 1:15-26) N’chifukwa chiyani kusankha Matiya kunali kofunika kwambiri kwa atumwiwo komanso kwa Yehova? Iye anali wofunika kwambiri kuti gulu liziyenda bwino. a Sikuti Yesu anangosankha atumwi kuti aziyenda nawo polalikira basi. Iye ankafunanso kuti adzagwire ntchito yofunika kwambiri m’gulu la Mulungu. Ndiyeno m’nkhaniyi tikambirana mafunso awa: Kodi udindo wa atumwi unali wotani, nanga Yehova ndi Yesu anawathandiza bwanji kuti aukwaniritse? Kodi zimene zinkachitika pa nthawi yawo zikufanana bwanji ndi zimene zikuchitika masiku ano m’gulu la Yehova? Nanga ifeyo ‘tingakumbukire bwanji amene akutsogolera’ makamaka “kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru”?—Aheb. 13:7; Mat. 24:45.

4. Kodi atumwi ndi akulu ena a ku Yerusalemu anali ndi ntchito yotani?

⁴ Pa Pentekosite mu 33 C.E., atumwi anayamba kutsogolera mpingo wachikhristu. Pa mwambowu, “Petulo anaimirira pamodzi ndi atumwi 11 aja” ndipo analalikira kwa Ayuda ndi anthu amene analowa Chiyuda omwe anasonkhana. (Mac. 2:14, 15) Ambiri mwa anthuwo anakhala okhulupirira. Ndiyeno Akhristu atsopanowo “anapitiriza kulabadira zimene atumwiwo anali kuphunzitsa.” (Mac. 2:42) Atumwi ankayang’anira ndalama za mpingo. (Mac. 4:34, 35) Koma ankafunitsitsa kusamalira anthu a Mulungu mwauzimu moti ananena kuti: “Ife tidzipereka ndithu pa kupemphera ndi pa utumiki wokhudza mawu a Mulungu.” (Mac. 6:4) Ndiponso anasankha Akhristu ena odalirika n’kuwapatsa ntchito yoti azikalalikira m’magawo atsopano. (Mac. 8:14, 15) Patapita nthawi, Akhristu ena odzozedwa anayamba kuthandiza atumwi pa ntchito yosamalira mipingo. Iwo anali bungwe lolamulira limene linkapereka malangizo ku mipingo yonse.—Mac. 15:2.

5, 6. Kodi bungwe lolamulira linkathandizidwa bwanji ndi (a) mzimu woyera? (Onani chithunzi patsamba 23.) (b) angelo? (c) Mawu a Mulungu?

⁵ Akhristu a m’nthawi ya atumwi ankadziwa kuti Yehova ndi amene ankatsogolera bungwe lolamulira pogwiritsa ntchito Mtsogoleri wawo Yesu. Kodi iwo anatsimikizira bwanji zimenezi? Choyamba, mzimu woyera unkathandiza bungwe lolamulira. (Yoh. 16:13) Akhristu onse odzozedwa analandira mzimu woyera, koma mzimuwu unkathandiza kwambiri atumwi ndi akulu ena a ku Yerusalemu kuti azigwira bwino ntchito yawo monga oyang’anira. Mwachitsanzo, mu 49 C.E., mzimu woyera unathandiza bungwe lolamulira kusankha zochita pa nkhani ya mdulidwe. Mipingo itatsatira malangizo ochokera ku bungweli, “inapitiriza kulimba m’chikhulupiriro ndipo chiwerengero chinapitiriza kuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku.” (Mac. 16:4, 5) Kalata imene bungwe lolamulira linalembera mipingo pa nkhaniyi, imasonyeza kuti anthu a m’bungwelo anali ndi chikondi komanso chikhulupiriro chifukwa choti ankatsogoleredwa ndi mzimu wa Mulungu.—Mac. 15:11, 25-29; Agal. 5:22, 23.

⁶ Chachiwiri, angelo ankathandiza bungwe lolamulira. Chitsanzo pa nkhaniyi ndi zimene zinachitika Koneliyo asanabatizidwe. Mngelo anamuuza kuti atumize anthu akaitane mtumwi Petulo. Ndiyeno Petulo atafika n’kuwalalikira, Koneliyo ndi achibale ake analandira mzimu woyera ngakhale kuti amunawo anali osadulidwa. Zimenezi zinathandiza atumwi ndi abale ena kudziwa kuti Mulungu walola kuti anthu a mitundu ina alowe mu mpingo wachikhristu. (Mac. 11:13-18) Kuwonjezera apo, angelo ankathandiza kuti ntchito yolalikira imene bungwe lolamulira linkayang’anira iziyenda bwino. (Mac. 5:19, 20) Chachitatu, bungwe lolamulira linkatsogoleredwa ndi Mawu a Mulungu. Nthawi zonse Akhristu odzozedwa ankatsatira mfundo za m’Malemba kuti aziphunzitsa zolondola komanso kuti azipereka malangizo abwino.—Mac. 1:20-22; 15:15-20.

7. N’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti Yesu ndi amene ankatsogolera Akhristu oyambirira?

⁷ Ngakhale kuti bungwe lolamulira ndi limene linkatsogolera mpingo woyambirira, iwo ankadziwa kuti Mtsogoleri wawo ndi Yesu. Mtumwi Paulo analemba kuti: “[Khristu] anapereka ena monga atumwi.” Kenako ananena kuti: “Tiyeni tikule m’zinthu zonse, kudzera m’chikondi, pansi pa iye amene ndi mutu, Khristu.” (Aef. 4:11, 15) Choncho m’malo modziwika ndi mayina a atumwi, “ophunzirawo anayamba kutchedwa Akhristu, motsogoleredwa ndi Mulungu.” (Mac. 11:26) N’zoona kuti Paulo ankadziwa kufunika ‘kosunga miyambo,’ kapena kuti kutsatira mfundo zogwirizana ndi Malemba zimene atumwi ndi akulu ena ankapereka. Koma iye ananenanso kuti: “Ndikufuna mudziwe kuti mutu wa mwamuna aliyense [kuphatikizapo aliyense wa m’bungwe lolamulira] ndi Khristu . . . ndipo mutu wa Khristu ndiye Mulungu.” (1 Akor. 11:2, 3) Apa zikuoneka kuti Yesu Khristu ndi amene ankatsogolera mpingo mogonjera Mutu wake, Yehova Mulungu.

8, 9. Kodi M’bale Russell anachita zotani chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1800?

⁸ Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1800, Charles Taze Russell ndi anzake ankafuna kuthandiza anthu kuti azilambira Mulungu woona. Pofuna kuti uthenga wa m’Baibulo uzilalikidwa m’zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana, mu 1884 panakhazikitsidwa bungwe la Zion’s Watch Tower Tract Society ndipo M’bale Russell ndi amene anali pulezidenti wake. b Iye ankaphunzira Baibulo mwakhama ndipo sankaopa kutsutsa mabodza monga oti pali milungu itatu mwa Mulungu m’modzi komanso zoti munthu akafa chinachake chimakhalabe moyo. Iye anazindikiranso kuti kubwera kwa Yesu kudzakhala kosaoneka ndiponso kuti “nthawi zoikidwiratu za anthu a mitundu” zidzatha mu 1914. (Luka 21:24) M’bale Russell ankagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake, mphamvu zake komanso ndalama zake mosaumira pothandiza anthu kudziwa mfundo zimenezi. N’zodziwikiratu kuti pa nthawiyo, Yehova ndi Yesu ankagwiritsa ntchito M’bale Russell potsogolera mpingo.

⁹ M’bale Russell sankafuna kuti anthu azimutamanda. Mu 1896, iye analemba kuti: “Sitikufuna kuti anthu azititamanda kapena azitamanda mabuku athu. Sitikufunanso kuti anthu azititchula kuti Abusa kapena Arabi kapena kuti anthu azidziwika ndi mayina athu.” Kenako ananena kuti: “Ntchitoyi si ya munthu.”

10. (a) Kodi Yesu anasankha liti “kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru”? (b) Fotokozani zimene zinachitika kuti ntchito ya Bungwe Lolamulira ikhale yosiyana ndi ya Watch Tower Society.

¹⁰ Mu 1919, patatha zaka zitatu kuchokera pamene M’bale Russell anamwalira, Yesu anasankha “kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru.” Kodi cholinga chake chinali chiyani? Ankafuna kuti kapoloyo azipereka “chakudya pa nthawi yoyenera” kwa antchito ake apakhomo. (Mat. 24:45) Pa nthawiyo, kagulu kochepa ka odzozedwa amene anali ku Brooklyn ku New York kankakonza chakudya chauzimu n’kumapereka kwa otsatira a Yesu. Ndiyeno pambuyo pa chaka cha 1940, dzina loti “bungwe lolamulira” linayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m’mabuku athu. Pa nthawiyo ankaganiza kuti dzinali limanena za bungwe la Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. Koma mu 1971, zinadziwika kuti Bungwe Lolamulira ndi losiyana ndi bungwe la Watch Tower Society limene linkangoyang’anira zinthu zokhudza malamulo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, abale odzozedwa ankatha kukhala m’Bungwe Lolamulira popanda kukhala madailekitala a Society. Chaposachedwapa, abale ena audindo a “nkhosa zina” akhala akutumikira ngati madailekitala a bungwe la Watch Tower Society komanso mabungwe ena a m’gulu la Mulungu. Izi zathandiza kuti Bungwe Lolamulira lizigwira kwambiri ntchito yosamalira mwauzimu anthu a Mulungu. (Yoh. 10:16; Mac. 6:4) Nsanja ya Olonda ya July 15, 2013 inanena kuti “kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru” ndi kagulu ka abale odzozedwa amene ali m’Bungwe Lolamulira.

11. Kodi Bungwe Lolamulira limagwira ntchito bwanji?

¹¹ Bungwe Lolamulira limasankha zochita mogwirizana. N’chifukwa chiyani tikutero? Abale a m’Bungweli amakumana mlungu uliwonse ndipo izi zimathandiza kuti azikambirana momasuka komanso azigwirizana. (Miy. 20:18) Chaka chilichonse amasintha tcheyamani wa misonkhano yawo ndipo amachita izi chifukwa choti amaona kuti palibe munthu wa m’Bungweli amene amaposa mnzake. (1 Pet. 5:1) Bungweli lili ndi makomiti 6 ndipo tcheyamani wa komiti iliyonse amasinthanso chaka chilichonse. Munthu aliyense amene ali m’Bungwe Lolamulira sadziona ngati mtsogoleri wa abale ake koma ngati ‘wantchito wapakhomo’ amene amadyetsedwa ndi kapolo wokhulupirika ndipo amamvera kapoloyo.

12. Popeza kuti Bungwe Lolamulira likhoza kulakwitsa zinthu zina, kodi zimenezi zingabweretse mafunso ati?

¹² Sikuti Bungwe Lolamulira silingalakwitse zinthu pa nkhani yophunzitsa komanso kayendetsedwe ka gulu. N’chifukwa chake mu Watch Tower Publications Index muli mutu wosonyeza mfundo zimene zasintha kuyambira mu 1870. c Ndipotu Yesu sananene kuti kapolo wokhulupirika azipereka chakudya chauzimu mosalakwitsa kalikonse. Ndiye kodi tingayankhe bwanji funso la Yesu lakuti: “Ndani kwenikweni amene ali kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru?” (Mat. 24:45) Nanga kodi pali umboni wotani wosonyeza kuti Bungwe Lolamulira ndi limene likukwaniritsa udindo umenewu? Tiyeni tionenso umboni woti bungweli limathandizidwa ndi mzimu woyera, angelo komanso Mawu a Mulungu ngati mmene zinalili m’nthawi ya atumwi.

13. Kodi mzimu woyera wathandiza bwanji Bungwe Lolamulira?

¹³ Umboni woti limathandizidwa ndi mzimu woyera. Mzimu woyera umathandiza Bungwe Lolamulira kuti lizimvetsa mfundo za m’Malemba zomwe poyamba sitinkazimvetsa. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani za mfundo zimene zasintha kuyambira mu 1870. N’zoonekeratu kuti palibe munthu yemwe anganene kuti ndi amene watulukira “zinthu zozama za Mulungu” n’kuzifotokoza. (Werengani 1 Akorinto 2:10.) Bungwe Lolamulira limagwirizana ndi mawu amene mtumwi Paulo analemba akuti: “Timalankhulanso zinthu zimenezi, osati ndi mawu ophunzitsidwa ndi nzeru za anthu, koma ndi mawu amene mzimu watiphunzitsa.” (1 Akor. 2:13) Tikaganizira mpatuko komanso mdima wauzimu umene wakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri, sitingakayikire kuti mzimu woyera ndi womwe wathandiza kuti timvetse mfundo zambiri kuyambira mu 1919.

14. Mogwirizana ndi lemba la Chivumbulutso 14:6, 7, kodi angelo amathandiza bwanji anthu a Mulungu masiku ano?

¹⁴ Umboni woti limathandizidwa ndi angelo. Bungwe Lolamulira lili ndi udindo waukulu woyang’anira ntchito yolalikira imene ikugwiridwa padziko lonse ndi anthu oposa 8 miliyoni. Kodi n’chiyani chimathandiza kuti ntchitoyi iziyenda bwino? Chifukwa china n’choti angelo amathandiza pa ntchitoyi. (Werengani Chivumbulutso 14:6, 7.) Nthawi zambiri ofalitsa amapeza anthu amene angomaliza kupemphera kuti Mulungu awathandize. d Komanso ntchito yolalikira ndi kuphunzitsa anthu ikuyenda bwino kwambiri ngakhale m’mayiko amene ntchitoyi ndi yoletsedwa. Izi zikusonyeza kuti pali mphamvu yapadera imene imathandiza.

15. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Bungwe Lolamulira ndi atsogoleri azipembedzo? Perekani chitsanzo.

¹⁵ Limadalira Mawu a Mulungu. (Werengani Yohane 17:17.) Chitsanzo ndi zimene zinachitika m’chaka cha 1973. Mu Nsanja ya Olonda ya June 1 munali funso lakuti: “Kodi . . . anthu amene sanasiye kusuta fodya angabatizidwe?” Yankho linali lakuti: “Malemba amasonyeza kuti sayenera kubatizidwa.” Nsanja ya Olonda imeneyi inagwiritsanso ntchito malemba ena posonyeza kuti munthu wosuta fodya amene sakulapa ayenera kuchotsedwa mumpingo. (1 Akor. 5:7; 2 Akor. 7:1) Inatinso: “Awa si maganizo a munthu amene akungofuna kupondereza ena. Koma Mulungu ndi amene akufuna zimenezi ndipo malangizowa ndi ochokera m’Mawu ake.” Kodi pali gulu linanso lachipembedzo limene limatsatira Mawu a Mulungu ngakhale pa mfundo zimene likuona kuti anthu ake ambiri angavutike kuzitsatira? Posachedwapa buku lina lonena za zipembedzo ku United States linati: “Atsogoleri azipembedzo akhala akusintha mfundo zimene amaphunzitsa n’cholinga choti zizigwirizana ndi maganizo a anthu.” Ndiyeno ngati Bungwe Lolamulira limatsatira Mawu a Mulungu osati maganizo a anthu, tingati ndi ndani kwenikweni amene akutsogolera anthu a Mulungu masiku ano?

16. Kodi tingasonyeze bwanji kuti timakumbukira Bungwe Lolamulira?

¹⁶ Werengani Aheberi 13:17. Mawu amene anamasuliridwa kuti “kumbukirani” angamasuliridwenso kuti “tchulani.” Choncho njira ina yosonyeza kuti ‘timakumbukira amene akutsogolera’ ndi kutchula Bungwe Lolamulira m’mapemphero athu. (Aef. 6:18) Tiyenera kumaganizira za udindo umene abalewa ali nawo wopereka chakudya chauzimu, kuyang’anira ntchito yolalikira padziko lonse komanso kusamalira zopereka. Kunena zoona abale amenewa ndi ofunika kumawapempherera kwambiri.

17, 18. (a) Kodi tingasonyeze bwanji kuti timachita zinthu mogwirizana ndi Bungwe Lolamulira? (b) N’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti tikamalalikira timakhala tikuthandiza kapolo wokhulupirika komanso Yesu?

¹⁷ Tingakumbukirenso Bungwe Lolamulira tikamayesetsa kuchita zinthu mogwirizana ndi malangizo amene bungweli limapereka. Paja timalandira malangizowa m’mabuku athu, pamisonkhano yampingo, yadera komanso yachigawo. Bungweli limaikanso oyang’anira dera ndipo oyang’anira derawo amaika akulu m’mipingo. Ndiyeno oyang’anira dera ndi akulu angasonyeze kuti amakumbukira Bungwe Lolamulira potsatira kwambiri malangizo amene amapatsidwa. Tonsefe tingasonyeze kuti timalemekeza Mtsogoleri wathu Yesu pomvera anthu amene akuwagwiritsa ntchito.—Aheb. 13:17.

¹⁸ Njira ina imene tingasonyezere kuti tikukumbukira Bungwe Lolamulira ndi kulalikira mwakhama. Paja Paulo analangiza Akhristu kuti azitsanzira chikhulupiriro cha anthu amene akuwatsogolera. Kapolo wokhulupirika wasonyeza kuti ali ndi chikhulupiriro champhamvu polimbikitsa ntchito yolalikira uthenga wabwino wa Ufumu. Kodi inuyo muli m’gulu la nkhosa zina zimene zikuthandiza odzozedwa pa ntchito yofunikayi? Dziwani kuti mudzasangalala kwambiri Mtsogoleri wathu Yesu akadzakuuzani kuti: “Pa mlingo umene munachitira zimenezo mmodzi wa abale anga aang’ono awa, munachitira ine amene.”—Mat. 25:34-40.

19. N’chifukwa chiyani inuyo simudzasiya kutsatira Mtsogoleri wathu Yesu?

¹⁹ Yesu atabwerera kumwamba sanaiwale otsatira ake. (Mat. 28:20) Iye akudziwa mmene mzimu woyera, angelo komanso Mawu a Mulungu anamuthandizira padzikoli kuti atsogolere bwino anthu. Choncho akuthandiza kapolo wokhulupirika pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwezi. Odzozedwa amene ali m’gulu la kapoloyu “amatsatira Mwanawankhosa kulikonse kumene akupita.” (Chiv. 14:4) Ndiyeno tikamatsatira malangizo a kapolo timakhala tikutsatira Mtsogoleri wathu Yesu. Posachedwapa, Yesu adzatitsogolera polowa m’dziko latsopano n’kulandira moyo wosatha. (Chiv. 7:14-17) Palibe mtsogoleri aliyense padzikoli amene angatilonjeze moyo umenewu.