Preoperative Patient Evaluation and Transfusion Risk Assessment

Preoperative Planning and Patient Optimization

Multimodality, Interdisciplinary, and Individualized Approach

Preoperative Anemia Management and Optimization of Red Cell Mass

Anticoagulation Management and Reversal

Angiographic Embolization or Vascular Occlusion

Surgical Blood Conservation Techniques

Minimally Invasive Approaches

Management and Optimization of Hemostasis

• Antifibrinolytic Agents

• Recombinant Activated Factor VII (rFVIIa)

• Coagulation Factor Concentrates

• Desmopressin

• Topical Hemostatic Agents

• Viscoelastic Tests to Identify Surgical or Coagulopathic Bleeding

Thermal Management (Prevention of Hypothermia)

Judicious Fluid and Volume Management

Intraoperative Autologous Blood Management

• Miniaturized Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Perfusion) Circuits

• Blood Cell Salvage

• Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution

• Retrograde Autologous Priming

• Ultrafiltration

Restricted Diagnostic Phlebotomy to Avoid Iatrogenic Anemia

Postoperative Anemia Management

Optimization of Patients’ Tolerance of Anemia

Acceptance of Moderate Normovolemic Anemia

Resource-Limited Settings

Adverse Effects of Substantial Bleeding

Transfusion Risks and Uncertainties

Clinical Outcomes

Economic Outcomes

Prenatal Planning to Prevent Transfusion

Multimodality, Interdisciplinary, and Individualized Approach

Management of Anemia of Prematurity

• Delayed Cord Clamping

• Using Residual Cord Blood for Blood Tests

• Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents

• Tolerance of Anemia in Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Restricted Diagnostic Phlebotomy to Avoid Iatrogenic Anemia

Hyperbilirubinemia Management

• Phototherapy

• Intravenous Immunoglobulin

• Tin Mesoporphyrin

• Other Agents

Thrombocytopenia Management

• Postnatal

Management and Optimization of Hemostasis

• Recombinant Activated Factor VII (rFVIIa)

Prevention of Drug-Induced Anemia or Thrombocytopenia

Bacterial Sepsis

• Prevention

• Management

Preoperative Anemia Management and Optimization of Red Cell Mass

Acceptance of Moderate Normovolemic Anemia

Tolerance of Thrombocytopenia

Resource-Limited Settings

Transfusion Risks and Uncertainties

Multimodality, Interdisciplinary, and Individualized Approach

Anemia Management

• Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents

• Intravenous Iron

Thrombocytopenia Management

Management and Optimization of Hemostasis

• Antifibrinolytic Agents

• Recombinant Activated Factor VII (rFVIIa)

• Desmopressin

• Topical Hemostatic Agents

Neutropenia Management

Individualized/Modified Chemotherapy (Dose Adjustment or Delay)

Immunotherapy

Restricted Diagnostic Phlebotomy to Avoid Iatrogenic Anemia

Acceptance of Moderate Normovolemic Anemia

Transfusion Risks and Uncertainties

Clinical Outcomes

Preoperative Patient Evaluation and Transfusion Risk Assessment

Preoperative Planning and Patient Optimization

Multimodality, Interdisciplinary, and Individualized Approach

Preoperative Anemia Management and Optimization of Red Cell Mass

Management and Optimization of Hemostasis

• Antifibrinolytic Agents

• Recombinant Activated Factor VII (rFVIIa)

• Coagulation Factor Concentrates

• Viscoelastic Tests to Identify Surgical or Coagulopathic Bleeding

Intraoperative Autologous Blood Management

• Blood Cell Salvage

• Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution

Anesthetic Blood Conservation Techniques

• Controlled (Induced) Hypotension

Economic Outcomes

Preoperative Patient Evaluation and Transfusion Risk Assessment

Preoperative Planning and Patient Optimization

Multimodality, Interdisciplinary, and Individualized Approach

Preoperative Anemia Management and Optimization of Red Cell Mass

Thrombocytopenia Management

Management and Optimization of Hemostasis

• Antifibrinolytic Agents

• Recombinant Activated Factor VII (rFVIIa)

• Coagulation Factor Concentrates

• Desmopressin

• Viscoelastic Tests to Identify Surgical or Coagulopathic Bleeding

Thermal Management (Prevention of Hypothermia)

Judicious Fluid and Volume Management

Intraoperative Autologous Blood Management

• Blood Cell Salvage

• Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution

Anesthetic Blood Conservation Techniques

• Controlled (Induced) Hypotension

• Regional Anesthesia

• Other Techniques

Restricted Diagnostic Phlebotomy to Avoid Iatrogenic Anemia

Postoperative Anemia Management

Optimization of Patients’ Tolerance of Anemia

Acceptance of Moderate Normovolemic Anemia

Resource-Limited Settings

Adverse Effects of Substantial Bleeding

Transfusion Risks and Uncertainties

Clinical Outcomes

Economic Outcomes

Preoperative Patient Evaluation and Transfusion Risk Assessment

Preoperative Planning and Patient Optimization

Multimodality, Interdisciplinary, and Individualized Approach

Preoperative Anemia Management and Optimization of Red Cell Mass

Thrombocytopenia Management

Surgical Blood Conservation Techniques

Management and Optimization of Hemostasis

• Antifibrinolytic Agents

• Recombinant Activated Factor VII (rFVIIa)

• Viscoelastic Tests to Identify Surgical or Coagulopathic Bleeding

Judicious Fluid and Volume Management

Intraoperative Autologous Blood Management

• Blood Cell Salvage

• Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution

Anesthetic Blood Conservation Techniques

• Controlled (Induced) Hypotension

• Regional Anesthesia

• Other Techniques

Restricted Diagnostic Phlebotomy to Avoid Iatrogenic Anemia

Postoperative Anemia Management

Optimization of Patients’ Tolerance of Anemia

Acceptance of Moderate Normovolemic Anemia

Resource-Limited Settings

Transfusion Risks and Uncertainties

Clinical Outcomes

Economic Outcomes