Muedzo Wokutenda

NOMUNYORI WEMUKAI! MUGREAT BRITAIN

RICHMOND itaundi rinoyevedza riri kuNorth Yorkshire, England. Nhare yaro, yakavakwa chinguva pashure pokukunda kwaNorman muna 1066, inoyevedza zvikuru kana wakaitarisa uri mhiri kwomupata worwizi runonzi Swale, runoenda kuYorkshire Dales National Park.

Nyaya yakabudiswa muterevhizheni inonzi The Richmond Sixteen yakaratidza chimwe chinhu chinokosha pamusoro penyaya yemazuva ano yenhare yacho—zvakasangana nevakaiswa mujeri nemhaka yokuramba kuita zvairwisana nehana yavo muHondo Yenyika I. Chii chakaitika kwavari?

Kumanikidzwa Kupinda Muchiuto

Pashure pokunge Britain yapinda muhondo muna 1914, kuzvipira kunyika kwakaita kuti ipinze varume mamiriyoni 2,5 muuto rayo. Zvisinei, nokuwedzera kwevarwi vaifira muhondo uye kuona kuti hondo yacho yakanga isiri kuzopera nokukurumidza sezvakanga zvavimbiswa nevezvematongerwe enyika, “vanhu havana kuzoramba vachikumbirwa kupinda muchiuto, asi vakanga vava kuita zvokumanikidzwa,” anotaura kudaro mumwe munyori wenhau dzehondo anonzi Alan Lloyd. Naizvozvo kokutanga munhoroondo yeBritain, muna March 1916, varume vasina kuroora vakamanikidzwa kupinda muchiuto.

Kwakaumbwa matare ane zviuru zviviri kuti anzwe nyaya dzaikwirirwa, asi vashomanana kana vaitombovapo veavo vairamba nemhaka yehana ndivo vakasiyiwa zvachose. Vazhinji vevairamba nemhaka yehana vakarayirwa kuti vabatane nemapurisa akanga asina zvombo, akanga arongerwa kutsigira hondo. Vaya vairamba kupinda muchiuto vaingoonekwa sevari muchiuto uye vaitongwa nedare rechiuto. Vaibatwa noutsinye nokuiswa mujeri, kazhinji mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipa zvikuru uye vakatsvikinyidzana.

Vane Gumi Nevatanhatu vokuRichmond

Pakati peVane Gumi Nevatanhatu vokuRichmond vashanu vacho vaiva Vadzidzi veBhaibheri, sokuzivikanwa kwaiitwa Zvapupu zvaJehovha panguva iyoyo. Herbert Senior, uyo akava Mudzidzi weBhaibheri muna 1905 ave nemakore 15, akazonyora pashure pemakore anenge 50 kuti: “Takaiswa muzvitokisi zvainge zvakada kufanana nezvejeri repasi pevhu. Pamwe zvakanga zvava nenguva zvisina kumboshandiswa, sezvo maiva nemakoko emarara angasvika [masendimita mashanu kusvika kumanomwe] kubva pasi.” Mifananidzo nemashoko zvakanyorwa nevasungwa pamadziro machena ezvitokisi zvavo, zvava kudzima uye zvimwe zvacho zvisingaverengeki, zvakaratidzwa pachena mumazuva achangodarika. Zvinosanganisira mazita, mashoko, uye mifananidzo yevadiwa, pamwe chete nemashoko okutenda.

Mumwe musungwa akangonyora kuti: “Zviri nani ndifire kuti ndine mutemo pane kufira kuti handina.” Mashoko akawanda anotaura nezvaJesu Kristu nedzidziso dzake, uyewo pane mifananidzo yakanyatsonyorwa yekorona ine muchinjikwa, yaishandiswa neInternational Bible Students Association (IBSA) panguva iyoyo. Herbert Senior anoyeuka kuti akanyora pamadziro echitokisi chake “Chati Yenguva” achikopa mubhuku rinobatsira kudzidza Bhaibheri rinonzi The Divine Plan of the Ages, asi haisati yaonekwa. Ingangodaro yakadzima pamwe chete nezvimwe zvakanga zvakanyorwa pamadziro  echitokisi chikuru kana kuti kune imwe nzvimbo. Zvimwe zvakanga zvakanyorwa zvaiti: ‘Clarence Hall, Leeds, I.B.S.A. May 29th, 1916. Sent to France.’

Kuenda kuFrance—Nokudzoka!

Vanhu vaifira muhondo muFrance nomuBelgium vakanga vari kuwedzera zvaityisa. Gurukota rezvehondo Horatio Herbert Kitchener noMutungamiriri Wemauto eBritain, Douglas Haig akanga achida mamwe mauto zvikuru, kusanganisira varume vakaroora, avo pakasvika May 1916 vakanga vava kumanikidzwawo kupinda muchiuto. Kuti vasimbise uto ravo, vatungamiriri vacho vakasarudza kuomesera vairamba kupinda muchiuto nemhaka yehana kuti vamwe vatye. Naizvozvo Vane Gumi Nevatanhatu vokuRichmond vakakwidzwa muchitima zviri kunze kwomutemo vakabatirwa pfuti, vakaiswa simbi mumaoko, ndokuendeswa kuFrance pachivande nenzira yokupoterera. Magazini yeHeritage, inoti ikoko pamhenderekedzo yegungwa yeBoulogne, “varume vacho vakasungirirwa pamapouro newaya yeminzwa, kungoda kuita sokuti vakanga vari kuroverwa padanda rokutambudzira,” ndokuitwa kuti vaone mumwe murwi weBritain akanga atiza achipfurwa nechikwata chevarwi. Vakaudzwa kuti kana vaisazoteerera zvavairayirwa, ndizvo zvavaizoitwawo.

Pakati paJune 1916, vasungwa vacho vakamiswa pamberi pevarwi 3 000 kuti vanzwe mutongo wavo worufu, asi panguva ino Kitchener akanga afa, uye mutungamiriri wehurumende weBritain akanga apindira. Positikadhi raiva nemashoko emirayiridzo rakanga rasvika kuzviremera zvaiva muLondon, uye murayiro wehondo wakanga wachinjwa. General Haig akarayirwa kuchinja mitongo yose yorufu kuti ive makore gumi okushanda muusungwa.

Pavakadzoka kuBritain, vamwe pakati pe16 ava vakaendeswa kunocherwa matombo egranite kunoita “basa renyika rinokosha” mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru, unodaro mushumo wehurumende. Vamwe, pamwe chete naHerbert Senior, vakadzorerwa kwete kumajeri echiuto asi kune evanhu vose.

Nhaka

Pamusana pokusasimba kwemadziro ezvitokisi zvacho, kuratidzwa zvakazara kweRichmond Castle, kwava kuitwa neEnglish Heritage, kunosanganisira kuratidza mifananidzo yacho pakombiyuta inogonesa vashanyi kunyatsoona madziro acho nezvainge zvakanyorwa ipapo vasingaaputsi. Mapoka evadzidzi anokurudzirwa kunzwisisa nei vairamba kupinda muchiuto nemhaka yehana yavo vakanga vakagadzirira kutambura nechirango, kupfigirwa mujeri, uye kunyange kuurayirwa zvavaitenda nemwoyo wose.

Vane Gumi Nevatanhatu vokuRichmond vakabudirira “kuita kuti nhau yokuramba chiuto nemhaka yehana izivikanwe nevanhu vose uye vakatanga kutsigirwa nokuremekedzwa pamusana payo.” Izvi zvakaita kuti zviremera zvinyatsobata nokunzwisisa vaya vakanga vanyoresa sevanhu vakanga varamba kupinda muchiuto nemhaka yehana muHondo Yenyika II.

Mugore ra2002, chimwe chikamu chebindu rakaisvonaka munzvimbo dzenhare yacho chakagadzirwa kuti chingova nzvimbo yokuyeuka Vane Gumi Nevatanhatu vokuRichmond senzira yokuonga nayo zvavaidavira.

[Mifananidzo iri papeji 28, 29]

Kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi: Nharire yeRichmond Castle, yomuzana remakore rechi12, ine chivako chaimbogara vasungwa kwenguva pfupi chine zvitokisi

Herbert Senior, mumwe weVane Gumi Nevatanhatu muRichmond

Chimwe chezvitokisi chaichengeterwa Vane Gumi Nevatanhatu muRichmond

Mutsetse unoratidza muganhu: Zvimwe zvezvainge zvakanyorwa pamadziro ejeri racho kwemakore ose aya