Bhaibheri—Raidiwa uye Rairambidzwa

“Ndingada kuti mabhuku matsvene ashandurwe mumitauro yose,” akanyora kudaro Desiderius Erasmus, mudzidzi wechiDutch airumbidzwa womuzana remakore rechi16.

TARIRO yaErasmus yaaida zvikuru yakanga iri yokuti munhu wose azogona kuverenga nokunzwisisa Magwaro. Zvisinei, vavengi veBhaibheri vakaramba pfungwa yakadaro zvinotyisa. Kutaura zvazviri, panguva iyoyo Europe yakanga iri nzvimbo inotyisa zvikuru kuna ani zvake kunyange aida kuziva zvaiva muBhaibheri pamwero muduku. MuEngland murau weparamende wakagadzwa wairayira kuti “ani naani anoverenga Magwaro muchiRungu anofanira kurasikirwa neivhu, zvinhu, pfuma, uye upenyu . . . uye kuti, kana akaramba akaomesa musoro, kana akadzokororazve amboregererwa, anofanira kutanga kusungirirwa nokuda kwokumukira mambo, ozopiswa nokuda kwokuramba chokwadi chaMwari.”

Munyika yeEurope chaimo, Dare reChechi yeKaturike Rinobvunzurudza rakavhima zvisina tsitsi mapoka “anoramba kubvumirana nechechi,” akadai savaWaldenses vokuFrance, uye rakavasarudza kuti rivatambudze nemhaka yomuitiro wavo wokuparidza “kubva muevhangeri netsamba uye nemamwe magwaro matsvene, . . . nemhaka yokuti kuparidza nokududzirwa kwamagwaro matsvene [kwai]rambidzwa zvachose kuvanhu vasiri vafundisi.” Varume nevakadzi vakawanda vakatambura kurwadziswa kwakakura uye vakaurayiwa nemhaka yokuda kwavo Bhaibheri. Vaizviisa pangozi yokuwana chirango chakakurisisa  kuti vangodzokorora Munyengetero waShe kana kuti Mirayiro Gumi uye kuidzidzisa vana vavo.

Kuzvipira kuShoko raMwari kwakadaro kwakaramba kuri mumwoyo yevafambi vechiRungu vakawanda vakaenda nezvikepe kunogara kuNorth America. MuAmerica yokutanga, “kuverenga nechitendero zvakanga zvakabatanidzwa zvisingapatsanuriki, zvichiratidza tsika yakavakirwa zvachose pakuziva Bhaibheri,” rinodaro bhuku rinonzi A History of Private Life—Passions of the Renaissance. Chaizvoizvo, mharidzo yakabudiswa muBoston muna 1767 yakakurudzira kuti: “Shingairai pakuverenga magwaro matsvene. Mangwanani ose nemanheru ose munofanira kuverenga chitsauko cheBhaibheri renyu.”

Maererano neBarna Research Group iri muVentura, California, paavhareji vanhu vanopfuura 90 muzana vokuAmerica vane maBhaibheri matatu. Zvisinei, zvichangobva kudzidzwa zvinoratidza kuti kunyange zvazvo Bhaibheri richiri kuremekedzwa zvikuru ikoko, “kupedza nguva yakawanda uchiriverenga, kuridzidza nokushandisa zvarinotaura . . . chave chinhu chomunguva yakapfuura.” Vakawanda vanongova nakaruzivo kaduku-duku kezviri mukati maro. Mumwe munyori wechikamu chomupepanhau akati: “Pfungwa yokuti [Bhaibheri] ringava richine zvarinogona kuita pane zvinetso zviripo nezvinotambudza haimbowanzovapo.”

Kuchinja-chinja Kwamafungiro Avanhu Venyika

Pfungwa yakakurumbira ndeyokuti tinogona kubudirira muupenyu chete nokushandisa pfungwa uye kushandira pamwe kwevanhu. Bhaibheri rinoonekwa serimwewo ramabhuku epfungwa dzechitendero nezviitiko zvavanhu, kwete sebhuku rezvinhu chaizvoizvo nechokwadi.

Nokudaro vanhu vakawanda vanobata sei nezvinhu zvinoramba zvichioma uye zvinonetsa zvomuupenyu? Vanoshandira munzvimbo yomudzimu isina chinhu, isina zvinofanira kutevedzwa nenhungamiro mutsika nechitendero zvakanyatsoti twasu. Vava sengarava dzisina zvidzoreso, “vachikandirwa mberi neshure vachipeperetswa kuno nokoko nemhepo yokudzidzisa kwavanhu, . . . nounyengeri nemanomano zvavanhu.”—VaEfeso 4:14, The Twentieth Century New Testament.

Saka tinofanira kubvunza kuti, Bhaibheri rinongovawo rimwe bhuku rechitendero here? Kana kuti chaizvoizvo iShoko raMwari, rine mashoko anoshanda uye anokosha here? (2 Timoti 3:16, 17) Bhaibheri rinokosha kuti tifunge nezvaro here? Nyaya inotevera ichakurukura mibvunzo iyi.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 3]

Desiderius Erasmus

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Kubva mubhuku rinonzi Deutsche Kulturgeschichte

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4]

VaWaldenses vakasarudzwa kuti vatambudzwe nemhaka yokuparidza kwavo kubva muMagwaro

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Stichting Atlas van Stolk, Rotterdam