Abrahamu—Muenzaniso Wokutenda

“[Abrahamu aiva] baba veavo vose vane kutenda.”—VAROMA 4:11.

1, 2. (a) Abrahamu anozivikanwa nokuda kwechii nevaKristu vechokwadi nhasi? (b) Nei Abrahamu achinzi “baba veavo vose vane kutenda”?

AIVA tateguru worudzi rukuru, muprofita, muzvinabhizimisi, mutungamiriri. Asi, nhasi vaKristu vanonyanya kumuziva nechinhu chakaita kuti Jehovha Mwari amuone seshamwari yake—kutenda kwake kwakatsiga. (Isaya 41:8; Jakobho 2:23) Zita rake ainzi Abrahamu, uye Bhaibheri rinomuti “baba veavo vose vane kutenda.”—VaRoma 4:11.

² Ko varume vakararama Abrahamu asati avapo, vakadai saAbheri, Enoki, uye Noa havana kuratidza kutenda here? Vakaratidza, asi sungano yokuropafadza marudzi ose epasi yakaitwa kuna Abrahamu. (Genesi 22:18) Nokudaro akava sababa kuvose vaizotenda muMbeu yakapikirwa. (VaGaratiya 3:8, 9) Mupfungwa yakati, Abrahamu anogona kunzi baba vedu, nokuti kutenda kwake kunoshanda somuenzaniso unofanira kutevedzerwa. Upenyu hwake hwose hunogona kuonekwa sokuratidzwa kwokutenda, nokuti hwakanga hwakazara nemiedzo yakawanda. Chokwadi, nguva refu asati anangana nokunganzi kuedzwa kwake kukuru kwokutenda—kurayirwa kuti abayire mwanakomana wake Isaka—Abrahamu akaratidza kutenda kwake mumiedzo miduku yakawanda. (Genesi 22:1, 2) Zvino ngationgororei mimwe yemiedzo iyi yokutanga yokutenda toona kuti inogona kutidzidzisa zvidzidzo zvipi nhasi.

Kurayirwa Kuti Atame muUri

3. Bhaibheri rinotiudzei nezvekwakabva Abrama?

³ Bhaibheri rinotanga kutiudza nezvaAbrama (akazozivikanwa saAbrahamu) pana Genesi 11:26, panoti: “Tera wakagara makore ana makumi manomwe, akabereka Abrama, naNahori naHarani.” Abrama akanga ari wokurudzi rwaShemi aitya Mwari. (Genesi 11:10-24) Maererano naGenesi 11:31, Abrama aigara nemhuri yake mu“Uri yavaKardia” yakabudirira, guta rakanga richimbova kumabvazuva kweRwizi rwaYufratesi. * Nokudaro, haana kukura somufambi anogara mumatende asi akakura achigara muguta munzvimbo yakanga ine zvakawanda zvoumbozha. Zvinhu zvaibva kunze kwenyika zvaigona kutengwa mumisika yomuUri. Dzimba dzakakura dzakadzururwa nezvichena, dzakanga dzine mapombi anounza mvura mumba dzakanga dzakavakwa dzichitevedza migwagwa yemo.

4. (a) Guta reUri rakanga rine miedzo ipi kuvanamati vaMwari wechokwadi? (b) Abrama akasvika sei pakutenda muna Jehovha?

⁴ Pasinei nezvose zvarakanga rakanakira, kurarama muguta reUri kwakanga kwakaoma zvikuru kunaani zvake aida kushumira Mwari wechokwadi. Rakanga riri guta raibatanidzwa zvizere mukunamata zvidhori uye kudavira mashura. Zvechokwadi, makanga mune temberi refu yokukudza mwari wemwedzi ainzi Nanna. Pasina kupokana Abrama akanga ari mumuedzo mukuru kuti abatanidzwewo mukunamata kwakaipa uku, zvichida achimanikidzwa nedzimwe hama dzake. Maererano nedzimwe ngano dzechiJudha, Tera, baba vaAbrama pachavo, vakanga vari mugadziri wezvidhori. (Joshua 24:2,  14, 15) Chero zvazvakanga zviri, Abrama akanga asingaiti kunamata kwenhema kunozvidzisa. Tateguru vake vakanga vakwegura Shemi vakanga vachiri vapenyu uye pasina mubvunzo vaimuudzawo nezvaMwari wechokwadi. Somugumisiro, Abrama akatenda muna Jehovha, kwete Nanna!—VaGaratiya 3:6.

Muedzo Wokutenda

5. Mwari akapa murayiro nechipikirwa chipi kuna Abrama paakanga achiri muUri?

⁵ Kutenda kwaAbrama kwaizoedzwa. Mwari akaoneka kwaari akamurayira kuti: “Ibva panyika yako, nokuhama dzako, nokuimba yababa vako, uende kunyika yandichakuratidza iyo; ndichakuita rudzi rukuru, ndichakuropafadza, ndichakudza zita rako, iwe uropafadze vamwe. Ndicharopafadza ivo vanokuropafadza; unokutuka, ndichamutukawo; marudzi ose enyika acharopafadzwa mauri.”—Genesi 12:1-3; Mabasa 7:2, 3.

6. Nei zvaida kutenda chaiko kuti Abrama atame muUri?

⁶ Abrama akanga akwegura uye asina mwana. Zvino aizoitwa “rudzi rukuru” sei? Uye nyika iyi yaakanga arayirwa kuenda kwairi yakanga iri kupi chaizvo? Mwari haana kumuudza ipapo. Saka zvaida kuti Abrama ave nokutenda chaiko kuti asiye Uri yakabudirira noumbozha hwayo hwose. Bhuku rinonzi Family, Love and the Bible rinotaura nezvenguva yekare kuti: “Pazvirango zvose zvaigona kupiwa kunhengo yemhuri yaiva nemhosva huru, chakanga chakaipisisa kwaiva kuraswa, kunyimwa kodzero yokuva ‘nhengo’ yemhuri. . . . Ndicho chikonzero nei kwakanga kuri kuratidzwa kunoshamisa kwokuteerera  kwakakwana uye kuvimba naMwari apo Abrahamu, achitevera murayiro waMwari, akasiya, kwete nyika yake chete, asiwo hama dzake.”

7. Nhasi vaKristu vangatarisana nemiedzo ipi yakafanana neiya yakatarisana naAbrama?

⁷ VaKristu nhasi vanogona kunangana nemiedzo yakadaro. SaAbrama, tinganzwa tichimanikidzirwa kuisa zvinhu zvenyama mberi kwemabasa anoitirwa Mwari. (1 Johani 2:16) Tingashorwa nenhengo dzemhuri dzisingatendi, kusanganisira hama dzakadzingwa, dzingaedza kutinyengera kupinda musonganiro yakashata. (Mateu 10:34-36; 1 VaKorinde 5:11-13; 15:33) Nokudaro Abrama akatiratidza muenzaniso wakaisvonaka. Akaisa ushamwari naMwari pamberi pezvimwe zvinhu zvose—kunyange ukama hwomumhuri. Akanga asinganyatsozivi kuti chipikirwa chaMwari chaizozadzika sei uye rini, kana kuti kupi. Kunyange zvakadaro, akanga achida kuronga upenyu hwake maererano nezvaipikirwa izvozvo. Zvinotikurudzira zvikuru kuisa Umambo pakutanga muupenyu hwedu nhasi!—Mateu 6:33.

8. Kutenda kwaAbrama kwakaita kuti nhengo dzemhuri yake dzepedyo dziite sei, uye vaKristu vangadzidzei kubva mazviri?

⁸ Zvakadini nenhengo dzepedyo dzemhuri yaAbrama? Zviri pachena kuti kutenda kwaAbrama uye kubvuma kwake kunofanira kuva kwakavaorora, nokuti mudzimai wake, Sarai, nomwana womunun’una wake akanga ava nherera ainzi Roti, vakakurudzirwa kuteerera murayiro waMwari wokutama muUri. Munun’una waAbrama Nahori nevamwe vana vake vakazotama muUri vakanogara muHarani, kwavakanonamata Jehovha. (Genesi 24:1-4, 10, 31; 27:43; 29:4, 5) Kunyange baba vaAbrama, Tera, vakabvuma kutama nomwanakomana wavo! Nokudaro Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti ndivo vakatama vakananga kuKanani, nokuti vaiva musoro wemhuri. (Genesi 11:31) Isuwo tingabudirira here kana tikapupura nokungwarira kuhama dzedu?

9. Abrama aifanira kugadzirira chii kuti afambe rwendo rwake, uye nei izvozvo zvingangove zvaive zvakaoma?

 ⁹ Asati atanga rwendo rwake, Abrama akanga ane zvakawanda zvokuita. Aifanira kutengesa midziyo nezvinhu uye kutenga matende, makamera, zvokudya, uye zvokushandisa zvaidiwa. Abrama angadaro akarasikirwa nemari mukugadzirira kwokukurumidza kwakadaro, asi aifadzwa nokuteerera Jehovha. Zvechokwadi rinofanira kuva raiva zuva risingakanganwiki apo kugadzirira kwakanga kwapera uye boka revaifamba naAbrama rakanga ramira kunze kwemasvingo eUri, agadzirira kuenda! Achitevera Rwizi rwaYufratesi, boka rake rakaenda nechokumusoro kwakadziva kumadokero. Papera mavhiki akati kuti vachienda, vapedza anenge makiromita 1 000, vakasvika muguta raiva kumusoro kweMesopotamia rainzi Harani, nzvimbo huru paimira mapoka evafambi.

10, 11. (a) Sezvingabvira Abrama akambogarirei muHarani? (b) Ikurudziro ipi ingapiwa kuvaKristu vanotarisira vabereki vakwegura?

¹⁰ Abrama akagara muHarani, zvichida achiitira kuti zvirerukire baba vake Tera, vakanga vakwegura. (Revhitiko 19:32) Nhasiwo vaKristu vakawanda vane ropafadzo yokuchengeta vabereki vakwegura kana kuti vanorwara, vamwe vachitofanira kuchinja zvimwe zvinhu kuti vadaro. Kana zvichifanira kudaro, ivavo vanogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti zvibayiro zvavo zvorudo “zvinofadza pamberi paMwari.”—1 Timoti 5:4.

¹¹ Nguva yakafamba. “Mazuva aTera akanga ari makore ane mazana maviri namashanu; Tera akafira Harani.” Zvechokwadi Abrama akarwadziwa nokurasikirwa uku, asi apo nguva yokuchema yakanga yapera, akabva arusimudzira. “Abrama wakanga ane makore ane makumi manomwe namashanu pakubva kwake Harani. Abrama akatora Sarai, mukadzi wake, naRoti, mwanakomana womunu’una wake, nepfuma yavo yose yavakanga vaunganidza, navana vavakanga vabereka paHarani, vakabuda kuenda kunyika yeKanani.”—Genesi 11:32; 12:4, 5.

12. Abrama akaitei paakanga achigara muHarani?

¹² Zvinofadza kuona kuti ari muHarani, Abrama ‘akaunganidza pfuma.’ Kunyange zvazvo akanga asiya zvimwe zvinhu zvakanaka kuti atame muUri, Abrama akabva muHarani ave mupfumi. Zviri pachena kuti chaiva chikomborero chaMwari. (Muparidzi 5:19) Kunyange zvazvo Mwari asingavimbisi pfuma kuvanhu vake vose nhasi, akatendeka kuchipikirwa chake chokupa zvinodiwa nevaya ‘vanosiya dzimba, vakoma kana vanun’una, kana hanzvadzi’ nokuda kwoUmambo. (Mako 10:29, 30) Abrama ‘akawana mweya yakawanda,’ ndiko kuti, vashandi vakawanda. The Jerusalem Targum uye Chaldee Paraphrase dzinoti Abrama ‘akatendeutsa.’ (Genesi 18:19) Kutenda kwako kunokuita kuti utaure nevavakidzani vako, vaunoshanda navo, kana vaunodzidza navo here? Pane kugara uye kukanganwa murayiro waMwari, Abrama akashandisa nguva yake muHarani nokushingaira. Asi nguva yake yokugara imomo yakanga yapera. “Naizvozvo Abrama wakaenda sezvaakaudzwa naJehovha.”—Genesi 12:4.

Mhiri kwaYufratesi

13. Abrama akayambuka Rwizi rwaYufratesi rini, uye chiito ichi chairevei?

¹³ Abrama aifanira kufamba zvekare. Achibva muHarani, boka rake rakananga kumadokero, achifamba anenge makiromita 90. Zvichida Abrama akambomira pane imwe nzvimbo parwizi rwaYufratesi kune rumwe rutivi rwenzvimbo yekare yokutengesera yeKarkemishi. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yaiwanzoyambukira boka revafambi. * Abrama nevanhu vake vaive parwendo vakayambuka rwizi rini? Bhaibheri rinoratidza kuti kwakaitika makore 430 vaJudha vasati vabuda muIjipiti musi waNisani 14, 1513 B.C.E. Eksodho 12:41 inoti: “Pakupera kwamakore ane mazana mana namakumi matatu, nomusi iwoyo, hondo dzose dzaJehovha dzakabuda munyika ye[Ijipiti].” Saka, zviri pachena kuti sungano  yaAbrahamu yakatanga kushanda pana Nisani 14, 1943 B.C.E., apo Abrama akateerera paakanzi ayambuke Yufratesi.

14. (a) Abrama aionei nemeso ake okutenda? (b) Vanhu vaMwari nhasi vakakomborerwa sei kupfuura Abrama?

¹⁴ Abrama akanga asiya guta rakabudirira. Asi, zvino aigona kuona “guta rine nheyo chaidzo,” hurumende yakarurama inotonga vanhu vose. (VaHebheru 11:10) Hungu, achingova nemashoko mashomanana, Abrama akanga atanga kunzwisisa marongerwo akanga akaita chinangwa chaMwari chokudzikinura vanhu vanofa. Nhasi, takakomborerwa nokuva nenzwisiso yakakura zvikuru yezvinangwa zvaMwari kupfuura zvaiita Abrama. (Zvirevo 4:18) “Guta,” kana kuti hurumende yoUmambo, yaitarirwa kwairi naAbrama zvino yazova yechokwadi—yakagadzwa kudenga muna 1914. Naizvozvo, hatifaniri kukurudzirwa here kuita mabasa anoratidza kutenda uye kuvimba naJehovha?

Kumboti Garei Munyika Yakapikirwa

15, 16. (a) Nei zvaida ushingi kuti Abrama avakire Jehovha atari? (b) Nhasi vaKristu vangava vakashinga sei kufanana naAbrama?

¹⁵ Genesi 12:5, 6 inotiudza kuti: “Vakandosvika kunyika yeKanani. Abrama akagura nenyika iyo akasvika panzvimbo inonzi Shekemi, pamuti womuouki weMore.” Shekemi yakanga iri makiromita 50 kumusoro kweJerusarema uye yakanga iri mumupata wakaorera wakatsanangurwa kuti “paradhiso yenyika tsvene.” Kunyange zvakanga zvakadaro, “nguva iyo vaKanani vakanga vari munyika iyo.” Sezvo vaKanani vakanga vari nzenza chaidzo, Abrama aitofanira kungwarira kuti achengetedze mhuri yake kubva kupesvedzero inosvibisa.—Eksodho 34:11-16.

¹⁶ Kechipiri, “Jehovha wakazviratidza kuna Abrama, akati: Ndichapa vana vako nyika iyi.” Chokwadi zvinozofadza! Asiwo, zvaida kutenda kuti Abrama afarire chimwe chinhu chaizongowanikwa  nevana vake vomunguva yemberi. Kunyange zvakanga zvakadaro, mukupindura Abrama “akavakira Jehovha atari ipapo, iye wakanga azviratidza kwaari.” (Genesi 12:7) Imwe nyanzvi yeBhaibheri inofunga kuti: “Kuvaka atari munyika yacho chaizvoizvo kwakanga kuri nzira yepamutemo yokutora nyika yacho zvichibva pakodzero yaakanga awana yokuratidza kutenda kwake.” Kuvaka atari yakadaro kwaivawo chiito choushingi. Pasina mubvunzo, atari iyi yakanga yakafanana neyakazotsanangurwa musungano yoMutemo, yakanga ine matombo asina kuvezwa. (Eksodho 20:24, 25) Yaizoratidzika zvakasiyana zvikuru neatari dzaishandiswa nevaKanani. Nokudaro Abrama akashinga kuzviratidza pachena kuti munamati waMwari wechokwadi, Jehovha, izvo zvaikwanisa kuita kuti avengwe uye zvichida kukuvadzwa. Zvakadini nesu nhasi? Vamwe vedu—zvikurukuru vechiduku—tinoregera kuzivisa vavakidzani kana kuti vatinodzidza navo kuti tinonamata Jehovha here? Muenzaniso waAbrama wokushinga ngautikurudzire tose kudada nokuva vashumiri vaJehovha!

17. Abrama akazviratidza kuti akanga ari muparidzi wezita raMwari sei, uye izvi zvinoyeuchidza vaKristu vanhasi chii?

¹⁷ Kwose kwaienda Abrama, kunamata Jehovha kwakanga kuri pakutanga. “Akabva ipapo, akaenda kugomo riri kumabvazuva eBheteri, akadzikapo tende rake; Bheteri rakanga riri kumavirazuva eAi kumabvazuva; akavakirapo Jehovha atari, [“akadana,” NW] pazita raJehovha.” (Genesi 12:8) Mashoko echiHebheru okuti “dana pazita,” anorevawo kuti “zivisa (paridza) zita.” Pasina kupokana, Abrama akazivisa zita raJehovha noushingi pakati pevavakidzani vake vechiKanani. (Genesi 14:22-24) Izvi zvinotiyeuchidza nezvebasa redu kuti tiite nepatingagona napo ku“zivisa pachena zita rake” nhasi.—VaHebheru 13:15; VaRoma 10:10.

18. Abrama aiva noukama hwakaita sei nevagari vomuKanani?

¹⁸ Abrama haana kugara muipi zvayo yenzvimbo idzodzo kwenguva yakareba. “Kubva ipapo Abrama wakaramba achitamira kumavirazuva”—nzvimbo isina mvura yakakwana kumaodzanyemba kwemakomo eJudha. (Genesi 12:9) Nokuramba achifamba uye kuzviratidza kuti munamati waJehovha munzvimbo yose yaaienda, Abrama nemhuri yake “vakazivisa pachena kuti vakanga vari vaeni nevagari venguva duku munyika iyoyo.” (VaHebheru 11:13) Nguva yose iyoyi, vaidzivisa kuva pedyo zvikuru nevavakidzani vavo vaiva vahedheni. Nhasi vaKristu vanofanirawo kuramba va“siri rutivi rwenyika.” (Johani 17:16) Kunyange tiine mutsa uye tichingwaririra vavakidzani vedu uye vatinoshanda navo, tinofanira kuchenjerera kuti tisabatwa mumuitiro unoratidza mudzimu wenyika wakaparadzana naMwari.—VaEfeso 2:2, 3.

19. (a) Nei upenyu hwokutama-tama hungava hwakanetsa Abrama naSarai? (b) Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinetso zvaiuya kuna Abrama?

¹⁹ Ngatisakanganwa kuti kujairana noupenyu hwokutama-tama hwakaoma kungava kwakanga kusiri nyore kuna Abrama kana kuti Sarai. Vaidya zvigadzirwa zvaibva muzvipfuyo zvavo panzvimbo pezvokudya zvaitengwa pane mumwe wemisika yakazara zvinhu muUri; vaigara mumatende kwete musha wakavakwa zvakanaka. (VaHebheru 11:9) Abrama aigara akabatikana; akanga aine zvakawanda zvokuita pakutarisira zvipfuyo zvake uye vashandi vake. Zviri pachenawo kuti Sarai aigona mabasa aiitwa nevakadzi vetsika iyoyo kare: kukanya furawa, kubika chingwa, kugadzira shinda, kusona zvipfeko. (Genesi 18:6, 7; 2 Madzimambo 23:7; Zvirevo 31:19; Ezekieri 13:18) Asi, miedzo mitsva yakanga ichisvika. Munguva pfupi Abrama nemhuri yake vaizonangana nemamiriro ezvinhu aizoisa upenyu hwavo pangozi! Kutenda kwaAbrama kwaizova kwakasimba zvokugona kunangana nezvinetso zvacho here?

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

Wacherechedza Here?

• Nei Abrama achinzi “baba veavo vose vane kutenda”?

• Nei zvaida kutenda kuti Abrama atame muUri yavaKardia?

• Abrama akaratidza sei kuti kwaari kunamata Jehovha kwakanga kuri pakutanga?

[Mibvunzo Yechidzidzo]

[Mepu iri papeji 16]

(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)

RWENDO RWAABRAMA

Uri

Harani

Karkemishi

KANANI

Gungwa Guru

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Zviri kubva pamepu yakaitwa nevePictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est. and Survey of Israel

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 15]

Zvaida kutenda kuti Abrama asiye upenyu hwakanga huri nyore muUri

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 18]

Nokugara mumatende, Abrama nemhuri yake “vakazivisa pachena kuti vakanga vari vaeni nevagari venguva duku munyika iyoyo”