Mifananidzo Inonamatwa—Mavambo Ayo Ekare-kare

“Mifananidzo inzira yokutibatanidza nokunaka uye noutsvene hwaMwari nevaSande Vake.”—GREEK ORTHODOX ARCHDIOCESE OF AUSTRALIA.

PAZUVA iri rinopisa muna August, miranzi yezuva yairova pamasitepisi esemende anokwira kuimba yokunamatira ya“Amai vaMwari Vatsvene-tsvene,” pachitsuwa cheTínos, muGungwa reAegean. Kupisa kwose ikoku hakutadzisi vanamati vanoshanya vakatsunga vanopfuura 25 000 vakazvipira veGreek Orthodox vari kunanaira vachiedza kusvika pamufananidzo waamai vaJesu wakashongedzwa zvemaoresa.

Mumwe musikana, anokamhina, uyo anotofanira kuva ari kurwadziwa uye chiso chake chichiratidza kuti apererwa, anokambaira nemabvi ari kubuda ropa kwazvo. Pedyo naye, vamwe ambuya vaneta vabva kune rumwe rutivi rwenyika iyoyo vanotamburira kuti varambe vachifamba nemakumbo aneta. Mumwe murume wezera repakati nepakati anochururuka dikita sezvaanoedza nomwoyo wose kupinda nomumhomho yevanhu iri kusairirana. Vose vanoda kutsvoda mufananidzo waMariya nokukotama pamberi pawo.

Zviri pachena kuti ava vanhu vane chido chokunamata Mwari zvechokwadi. Zvisinei, vangani vanoziva kuti kuzvipira kwakadaro kumifananidzo yokunamata kwakatanga mazana emakore akawanda chiKristu chisati chavapo?

Mifananidzo Inowanikwa Munzvimbo Dzakawanda

Mumachechi eOrthodox, hapana musingawanikwi mifananidzo. Mumachechi, mifananidzo yaJesu, Mariya, ne“vasande” vakawanda ine nzvimbo dzinokosha. Vatendi vanowanzokudza mifananidzo iyi nokuitsvoda, kupisa zvinonhuwira, uye kubatidza makenduru. Uyezve inenge misha yose yevaOrthodox ine payowo pane mifananidzo, panoitirwa minyengetero. Hazvishamisi kuti vaKristu vechiOrthodox vanoti kana vachinamata mufananidzo, vanobatana naMwari. Vakawanda vanodavira kuti mifananidzo yakazadzwa norunako rwaMwari uye ine masimba anoshamisa.

Vatendi ivavo vangatoshamiswa kuziva kuti vaKristu vomuzana remakore rokutanga vakanga vasingabvumiri kushandiswa kwemifananidzo mukunamata. Bhuku rinonzi Byzantium rinoti: “VaKristu vokutanga, vachivenga kunamata mifananidzo kubvira muchitendero chechiJudha, vaishora zvikuru kutyiwa kupi zvako kwemifananidzo yevanhu vatsvene.” Bhuku rimwe chetero rinoti: “Kubva muZana Remakore Rechishanu zvichienda mberi, mifananidzo kana kuti zvidhori . . . zvakawedzera kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakawanda mukunamata kworuzhinji uye kwomunhu mumwe nomumwe.” Kana kusina kubva muchiKristu  chomuzana remakore rokutanga, kushandisa mifananidzo yokunamata kwakabva kupi?

Kuronda Kwazvakabva Nako

Nyanzvi yokutsvakurudza mashoko Vitalij Ivanovich Petrenko akanyora kuti: “Kushandiswa kwezvidhori netsika yacho zvakatanga kare kare nguva yechiKristu isati yambosvika uye ‘zvakabva muchihedheni.’” Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vakawanda vanobvumirana naizvozvo vachiti kunamata mifananidzo kwakabva muzvitendero zvekare zveBhabhironi, Ijipiti, uye Girisi. Somuenzaniso muGirisi yekare, zvidhori zvainamatwa zvaiva zvivezwa. Izvi zvaidavirwa kuti zvakazadzwa nesimba raMwari. Vanhu vaifunga kuti zvimwe zvezvidhori izvi zvaive zvisina kugadzirwa nemaoko asi zvakanga zvadonha kubva kudenga. Pamitambo inokosha, mifananidzo yokunamata yakadaro yaitakurwa ichitenderedzwa muguta, yopirwa zvipiriso. “Chidhori chokunamata chaitorwa nevaida zvokunamata somumwe wavamwari chaiye, kunyange zvazvo zvakaedzwa . . . kusiyanisa pakati pamwari wacho nomufananidzo wake,” akadaro Petrenko.

Pfungwa dzakadaro dzakapinda sei muchiKristu zvishoma nezvishoma? Mumazana emakore pashure pokufa kwevaapostora vaKristu, zvikurukuru muIjipiti, nyanzvi yokutsvakurudza mashoko iyoyi yakati “Dzidziso dzechiKristu dzakatarisana ne‘musanganiswa wechihedheni’—waibva mumiitiro yechiIjipiti, yechiGiriki, yechiJudha, yokuMabvazuva neyechiRoma uye zvaidavirwa zvaishandiswa pamwe chete nechiKristu.” Saka, “nyanzvi dzokugadzira zvinhu dzechiKristu dzakavamba mutoo [wokutenda kwomubatanidzwa] ndokushandisa zviratidzo zvechihedheni, dzichizvishandisa muchiKristu, kunyange zvazvo dzisina kuzvichenesa zvachose kuti zvisava nepfungwa inopesvedzera yechihedheni.”

Nenguva pfupi mifananidzo yakava chinhu chinokosha mukunamata kwomunhu mumwe nomumwe nekwevoruzhinji. Mubhuku rinonzi The Age of Faith, munyori wezvakaitika kare Will Durant anotsanangura kuti izvozvi zvakauya sei, achiti: “Sezvo uwandu hwevasande vainamatwa hwaiwedzera, paive pava kudiwa nzira yokuvaziva nayo nokuvayeuka; mifananidzo yavo neyaMariya yakaitwa yakawandisa; uye kana ari Kristu hachisi chimiro Chake chokufungidzira chete chainamatwa  asi kunyange muchinjikwa Wake—kunyange kutoshandiswa, nevane pfungwa shoma, kuita zvemashiripiti. Kungoda kwevanhu kufungidzira kwakaita kuti mifananidzo ive zvinhu zvinotyiwa; vanhu vaiipfugamira, vaiitsvoda, vaiipisira makenduru nezvinonhuwira, vaiipfekedza maruva mumusoro, uye vaitsvaka kuti ivaitire manenji. . . . Madzibaba nematare eChechi akatsanangura atsanangurazve kuti zvidhori zvaisava vamwari, asi kuti zvaingoyeuchidza nezvavamwari; vanhu vaive vasina basa nokuswerozvisiyanisa.”

Nhasi, vakawanda vanoshandisa mifananidzo pakunamata vangatiwo zvidhori ndezvokungoremekedza chete—kwete kunamata. Vangati zvigadzirwa zvokunamata zviri pamutemo—kana kuti zvinhu zvinobatsira pakunamata Mwari zvisingatombofaniri kushayikwa. Zvichida ndizvo zvaunofungawo. Asi mubvunzo ndewokuti, Mwari anonzwa sei nezvazvo? Kungava here kuti kuremekedza mifananidzo kwakatofanana nokuinamata? Miitiro yakadaro ingadaro iine ngozi dzakavanzika here?

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 4]

Mufananidzo Chii?

Kusiyana nezvidhori zvinowanzoshandiswa mukunamata kwevaRoma Katurike, mifananidzo ndeiya yakaita zvokunyorwa yaKristu, Mariya, “vasande,” ngirozi, vanhu nezviitiko zvomuBhaibheri, kana kuti zviitiko zvomunhoroondo yeChechi yeOrthodox. Kazhinji kacho, inopendwa pamapuranga anotakurika.

Maererano neChechi yeOrthodox, “muMifananidzo yeVasande, mifananidzo yacho hairatidziki seyevanhuwo zvavo venyama neropa.” Kazhinji kacho panenge pasina mimvuri, kana nzira yokuratidza nayo masikati kana usiku.” Zvinodavirwawo kuti mapuranga nependi zvomufananidzo zvinogona “kuzadzwa nokuvapo kwaMwari.”

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4]

Kushandiswa kwezvidhori kwakabva mumiitiro yechihedheni

[Vakatipa Mufananidzo uri papeji 3]

© AFP/CORBIS