Kupa Kunounza Mufaro

GENIVAL, uyo anogara mune rimwe taundi rezvitangwena kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweBrazil, aitarisira mudzimai wake nevana nekamari kaaitambira somurindiri wepachipatara. Pasinei nenhamo yake, Genival aipa chegumi nomwoyo wose. “Dzimwe nguva mhuri yangu yaifa nenzara,” anoyeuka kudaro uku achipuruzira dumbu rake, “asi ndaida kupa Mwari zvakanakisisa zvangu, pasinei nezvandaifanira kuzvinyima.”

Basa rake rapera, Genival akaramba achipa chegumi. Mufundisi wake akamukurudzira kuedza Mwari nokupa mupiro wakakura. Mufundisi wacho akavimbisa kuti Mwari aiva nechokwadi chokumudururira chikomborero. Naizvozvo Genival akafunga kutengesa musha wake ndokupa mari yacho kuchechi.

Genival haasiye oga anopa zvinobva pamwoyo kudaro. Vamwe vanhu varombo zvikuru vanonzwa mutoro wokupa chegumi pamusana pokudzidziswa nemachechi avo kuti kupa chegumi chinhu chinorayirwa neBhaibheri. Izvozvo ndezvechokwadi here?

Kupa Chegumi uye Mutemo

Murayiro wokupa chegumi waiva muMutemo uyo Jehovha Mwari akapa madzinza 12 eIsraeri yekare anodarika makore 3 500 akapfuura. Mutemo iwoyo wairayira kuti chegumi chegoho romunda nemiti yemichero uye chegumi chemombe dzaiwedzera chipiwe dzinza raRevhi mukutsigira mabasa avo epatebhenekeri.—Revhitiko 27:30, 32; Numeri 18:21, 24.

Jehovha akavimbisa vaIsraeri kuti Mutemo ‘waisazovaremera zvikuru.’ (Dheuteronomio 30:11) Chero bedzi vaichengeta mirayiro yaJehovha nokutendeka, kusanganisira kupa chegumi, akanga avavimbisa kukohwa zvakawanda. Uye sedziviriro, chimwezve chegumi chegore negore, chaiwanzoshandiswa rudzi rwacho parwaiungana pamitambo yarwo yechitendero, chaichengetwa nguva dzose. Saka ‘mweni, nherera, uye chirikadzi’ vaigona kugutiswa.—Dheuteronomio 14:28, 29; 28:1, 2, 11-14.

Mutemo wacho wakanga usingaratidzi chirango chokukundikana kupa chegumi, asi muIsraeri mumwe nomumwe aiva nomusengwa mukuru wetsika wokutsigira kunamata munzira iyi. Kutaura zvazviri, Jehovha akapa vaIsraeri vakanga vasingapi chegumi muzuva raMaraki mhosva ‘yokumubira chegumi uye zvibayiro.’ (Maraki 3:8, New International Version) VaKristu vasingapi chegumi vangapiwa mhosva yakadaro here?

Chimbofunga. Mitemo yomune imwe nyika haiwanzoshanda kune imwe nyika. Somuenzaniso, mutemo unosungira vatyairi vemotokari muBritain kuti vatyaire vari kuruboshwe haushandi kune vokuFrance. Saizvozvowo, mutemo wokupa chegumi waiva chikamu chesungano yakakwana pakati paMwari norudzi rwaIsraeri. (Eksodho 19:3-8; Pisarema 147:19, 20) VaIsraeri chete ndivo vakanga vakasungwa nomutemo iwoyo.

Uyezve, kunyange chiri chokwadi kuti Mwari haambochinji, zvaanoda dzimwe nguva zvinochinja. (Maraki 3:6) Bhaibheri rinotaura zvakananga kuti rufu rwechibayiro chaJesu, muna 33 C.E., rwa“kadzima,” kana kuti rwa“kabvisa,” Mutemo uye nawo “murayiro wokutora zvegumi.”—VaKorose 2:13, 14; VaEfeso 2:13-15; VaHebheru 7:5, 18.

Kupa kwechiKristu

Zvisinei, mipiro yokutsigira kunamata kwechokwadi yakanga ichiri kudiwa. Jesu akanga arayira vadzidzi vake ‘kuti vave zvapupu kusvika kurutivi rwuri kure zvikuru rwepasi.’ (Mabasa 1:8) Sezvo nhamba yevatendi yakawedzera, vadzidzisi nevatariri vechiKristu vakadiwawo  kuti vashanyire uye vasimbise ungano. Chirikadzi, nherera, uye vamwe vanoshayiwa vaifanira kutarisirwa pane dzimwe nguva. VaKristu vomuzana remakore rokutanga vairipira sei mari yaibatanidzwa?

Munenge muna 55 C.E., chikumbiro chakaenda kune vaKristu Vemamwe Marudzi muEurope neAsia Minor chokubatsira ungano dzaiva nourombo muJudhiya. Mutsamba yake kuungano yeKorinde, muapostora Pauro anorondedzera kuti “kuunganidzira vatsvene” uku kwakanga kwakarongwa sei. (1 VaKorinde 16:1) Ungashamiswa nezvinoratidzwa nemashoko aPauro nezvokupa kwechiKristu.

Muapostora Pauro haana kumanikidza vaainamata navo kuti vape. Kutaura zvazviri, vaKristu veMakedhoniya vakanga “vachitambudzika” uye vaiva ‘muurombo hukuru’ vaifanira ‘kuramba vachimukumbira nokuteterera zvikuru ropafadzo yokupa nomutsa uye kuti vagoverane mukushumirwa kwaiitirwa vatsvene.’—2 VaKorinde 8:1-4.

Chokwadi, Pauro akakurudzira vaKorinde vakanga vakabudirira zvikuru kuti vatevedzere hama dzavo dzaiva norupo dzokuMakedhoniya. Kunyange zvakadaro, ‘akaramba kupa mitemo, asi akasarudza kukumbira, kutaura zvaaifungawo kuti zvingaitwa, kukurudzira, kana kuti kuteterera,’ rinodaro rimwe bhuku. VaKorinde vaisazopa nokuzvidira uye nomufaro kudai vaiita zvokumanikidzwa. Pauro aiziva kuti “Mwari anoda mupi anofara,” kwete uya anopa “nokunyunyuta kana nokugombedzerwa.”—2 VaKorinde 9:7.

Kutenda uye zivo yakawanda pamwe chete nokuda vamwe vaKristu zvinobva pamwoyo zvaizokurudzira vaKorinde kupa nokuzvidira.—2 VaKorinde 8:7, 8.

‘Sezvaakasarudza Kuita Mumwoyo Make Pachake’

Pane kutaura mari yakananga kana chikamu chayo, Pauro akangoti “pazuva rokutanga revhiki imwe neimwe, mumwe nomumwe . . . anofanira kutsaura chitsama chemari maererano neyaanowana.” (Tisu tatsveyamisa mabhii; 1 VaKorinde 16:2, NIV) Nokuronga uye kutsaura mari yakati nguva nenguva, vaKorinde vaisazonzwa vachimanikidzwa kupa vasingadi kana kuti vachinetseka paisvika Pauro. KumuKristu mumwe nomumwe, kusarudza kuti aizopa marii yaiva nhau yomunhu pachake, iya ‘yaakanga asarudza mumwoyo make pachake.’—2 VaKorinde 9:5, 7.

VaKorinde vaifanira kudyara zvakawanda kuti vakohwe zvakawanda. Hapana pfungwa yokupa kusvikira zvava kukurwadza, yakambotaurwa. ‘Handirevi kuti zvikuomerei,’ Pauro akavavimbisa kudaro. Mipiro ‘yaigamuchirika zvikuru maererano nezvaiva nomunhu, kwete maererano nezvakanga zvisina munhu.’ (2 VaKorinde 8:12, 13; 9:6) Mutsamba yakazotevera, muapostora wacho akanyevera kuti: “Kana munhu asingagoveri avo . . . vari mitezo yeimba yake, aramba kutenda uye akaipa zvikuru kupfuura munhu asina kutenda.” (1 Timoti 5:8) Pauro haana kukurudzira kupa kwaiputsa mutemo uyu.

 Zvinokosha kuti Pauro akatarisira ‘kuunganidzira vatsvene’ avo vaishayiwa. Hativerengi muMagwaro nezvaPauro kana vamwe vaapostora vachironga kuunganidzwa kwemari kana kugamuchira zvegumi kuti vatsigire ushumiri hwavo pachavo. (Mabasa 3:6) Pauro akarega nomwoyo wose kuisa “mutoro unorema” pahama dzake, nepo nguva dzose aifara kugamuchira zvipo zvaaitumirwa neungano.—1 VaTesaronika 2:9; VaFiripi 4:15-18.

Kupa Kwokuzvidira Mazuva Ano

Zvakajeka kuti muzana remakore rokutanga, vateveri vaKristu vaipa nokuzvidira, kwete kupa chegumi. Zvisinei, ungatadza kuziva kana iyi ichiri nzira yakanaka yokutsigira nayo kuparidzwa kwemashoko akanaka uye yokutarisira nayo vaKristu vanoshayiwa.

Funga zvinotevera. Muna 1879 vanyori vemagazini ino vakataura zvakajeka kuti “vaisazopemha kana kuteterera vanhu kuti vavatsigire.” Chisarudzo ichocho chakavhiringidza mabasa eZvapupu zvaJehovha okuparadzira chokwadi cheBhaibheri here?

Panguva ino, Zvapupu zvinoparadzira maBhaibheri, mabhuku echiKristu, uye zvimwe zvinyorwa munyika 235. Nharireyomurindi, magazini inodzidzisa Bhaibheri, pakutanga yaiva nemakopi 6 000 aidhindwa mumutauro mumwe aiparadzirwa kamwe chete pamwedzi. Kubvira ipapo yave magazini inobuda kaviri pamwedzi inodhindwa makopi anodarika 24 000 000 achiwanikwa mumitauro 146. Kuti zvironge basa razvo rokudzidzisa Bhaibheri pasi pose, Zvapupu zvakavaka kana kuti zvakawana nzvimbo dzinotarisira basa razvo munyika 110. Uyezve, zvakavaka zviuru zvenzvimbo dzokunamatira munharaunda uyewo dzimba huru dzemagungano kuti vaya vanofarira kuwana mimwezve mirayiridzo yeBhaibheri vakwane.

Kunyange kutarisira zvinodiwa nevanhu pakunamata kuri panzvimbo yokutanga, Zvapupu zvaJehovha hazviregeredzi kutarisira zvinhu zvokunyama zvinodiwa nevavanonamata navo. Hama dzavo padzinotambura nemhaka yehondo,  kudengenyeka kwepasi, kusanaya kwemvura, uye madutu, pakarepo vanogovera mishonga, zvokudya, zvokupfeka, uye zvimwe zvinodiwa. Izvi zvinotsigirwa nemipiro inopiwa nevaKristu vamwe nevamwe uye neungano.

Kunze kwokuva kwakanaka, kupa mupiro nokuzvidira kunobvisa mutoro pamapfudzi evaya vane zvishoma zvokurarama nazvo, saGenival, ambotaurwa. Sezvineiwo, asati atengesa musha wake, Genival akashanyirwa naMaria, mushumiri wenguva yakazara weZvapupu zvaJehovha. “Kukurukurirana ikoko kwakaponesa mhuri yangu zvikuru panhamo dzisina kufanira,” anoyeuka kudaro Genival.

Genival akaona kuti basa raIshe haritsamiri pane zvegumi. Chokwadi, kupa chegumi hakusisiri chinhu chinodiwa neMagwaro. Akadzidza kuti vaKristu vanokomborerwa pavanopa nomutsa asi havasungirwi kupa kudarika zvavanogona kuwana.

Kupa nokuzvidira kwakaunzira Genival mufaro wechokwadi. Anouratidza seizvi: “Ndingapa kana kuti ndingasapa zvikamu gumi kubva muzana, asi ndinofadzwa nomupiro wangu, uye ndine chokwadi chokuti Jehovha anofarawo.”

[Bhokisi/Mifananidzo iri papeji 6]

VanaFata Vekare Vaidzidzisa Kupa Chegumi Here?

“Vapfumi vari pakati pedu vanobatsira vanoshayiwa . . . Vaya vakabudirira, uye vanoda, vanopa mumwe nomumwe zvaanofunga kuti zvakakodzera.”—The First Apology, Justin Martyr, munenge muna 150 C.E.

“Zvechokwadi vaJudha vakanga vaita kuti zvegumi zvezvinhu zvavo zvitsaurirwe kwaAri, asi vaya vakawana rusununguko vakatsaura zvinhu zvavo zvose nokuda kwezvinangwa zvaIshe, . . . sezvakaitwa nechirikadzi iya murombo yakadonhedzera zvose zvayaifanira kurarama nazvo mubhokisi romupiro waMwari.”—Against Heresies, Irenaeus, c. 180 C.E.

“Kunyange zvazvo tiine bhokisi redu romupiro, hariumbwi nemari yokutenga ruponeso, sokunge chitendero chine mutengo wacho. Zuva rimwe pamwedzi, kana achida, mumwe nomumwe anoisa mupiro muduku; asi ndokunge achida, uye ndokunge achikwanisa: nokuti hapana kumanikidzwa; zvose ndezvokuzvidira.”—Apology, Tertullian, c. 197 C.E.

“Sezvo Chechi yakawedzera kukura uye masangano akasiyana-siyana akamuka, zvakava zvakafanira kuva nemitemo yaizovimbisa kutsigirwa kwevafundisi zvakanaka uye zvechigarire. Kupiwa kwechegumi kwakatorwa muMutemo Wekare . . . Mutemo chaiwo wekare panhau iyi unoita sowaiva mutsamba yemabhishopu akanga akaungana muTours muna 567 uye [mirayiro] yeDare rokuMacon muna 585.”—The Catholic Encyclopedia.

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Mari, kumusoro nechokuroboshwe: Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4, 5]

Kupa kwokuzvidira kunounza mufaro

[Mifananidzo iri papeji 7]

Mipiro yokuzvidira inotsigira basa rokuparidza, kuyamura kwokukurumidzira, uye kuvakwa kwenzvimbo dzokuunganira