Nei Tichichengeta Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru?

“Ndakagamuchira kubva kunaShe zviya zvandakakugamuchidzaiwo.” —1 VaKorinde 11:23.

1, 2. Jesu akaitei pausiku hwePaseka muna 33 C.E.?

MWANAKOMANA waJehovha akaberekwa ari mumwe bedzi aivapo. Paivawo nevarume 11 ‘vakanga varamba vainaye mumiedzo yake.’ (Ruka 22:28) Waiva musi weChina manheru, March 31, 33 C.E., uye jenaguru rinofanira kuve raiva rakashongedza denga pamusoro peJerusarema. Jesu Kristu nevaapostora vake vakanga vachangobva kupedza kuchengeta Paseka. Mutengesi Judhasi Isikariyoti akanga anzi abude, asi yakanga isati yava nguva yokuti vamwe vachienda. Nei? Nokuti Jesu akanga ava kuda kuita chimwe chinhu chinokosha kwazvo. Chaiva chii?

² Sezvo munyori weEvhangeri Mateu aivapo, regai atiudze. Akanyora kuti: “Jesu akatora chingwa uye, akati akumbira chikomborero, akachimedura uye, achichipa kuvadzidzi, akati: ‘Torai, mudye. Ichi chinoreva muviri wangu.’ Uyewo, akatora kapu uye, aonga, akaipa kwavari, achiti: ‘Inwai, imi mose; nokuti iyi inoreva “ropa rangu resungano,” richadururirwa vakawanda nokuda kwokukanganwirwa kwezvivi.’” (Mateu 26:26-28) Izvi zvaifanira kungoitwa kamwe zvobva zvaperera ipapo here? Zvairevei? Zvine zvazvinoreva here kwatiri nhasi?

“Rambai Muchiita Izvi”

3. Nei zvakaitwa naJesu usiku hwaNisani 14, 33 C.E. zvaikosha?

³ Danho rakatorwa naJesu Kristu usiku hwaNisani 14, 33 C.E., raisangova chiitiko chakangoitika kamwe muupenyu hwake. Muapostora Pauro akakurukura nezvechiitiko ichi paainyorera vaKristu vakazodzwa muKorinde, kwachakanga chichiri kuchengetwa pashure pemakore 20. Kunyange zvazvo Pauro aisava naJesu nevaapostora 11 muna 33 C.E., akatoudzwa nevamwe vevaapostora zvakaitika ipapo. Uyezve, sezviri pachena Pauro akapiwa chiratidzo chakafuridzirwa chakasimbisa zvakaitika ipapo. Pauro akati:  “Ndakagamuchira kubva kunaShe zviya zvandakakugamuchidzaiwo, kuti Ishe Jesu muusiku hwaakanga achizogamuchidzwa akatora chingwa uye, akati aonga, akachimedura ndokuti: ‘Ichi chinoreva muviri wangu uri nokuda kwenyu. Rambai muchiita izvi muchindiyeuka.’ Akaitawo saizvozvo nekapu, paakanga apedza kudya kwemanheru, achiti: ‘Kapu iyi inoreva sungano itsva muropa rangu. Rambai muchiita izvi, nguva dzose pamunoinwa, muchindiyeuka.’”—1 VaKorinde 11:23-25.

4. Nei vaKristu vachifanira kuchengeta Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru?

⁴ Munyori weEvhangeri Ruka anosimbisa kuti Jesu akarayira kuti: “Rambai muchiita izvi muchindiyeuka.” (Ruka 22:19) Mashoko aya akashandurwawo kuti: “Itai izvi muchindirangarira” (Today’s English Version) uye “Itai izvi sechinhu chokundirangarira nacho.” (The Jerusalem Bible) Tingatoti chiitiko ichi chinowanzotaurwa nezvacho seChirangaridzo chorufu rwaKristu. Pauro anochidanawo kuti Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru—zita rakakodzera, sezvo chakatangwa manheru. (1 VaKorinde 11:20) VaKristu vanorayirwa kuti vachengete Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru. Asi nei chiitiko ichi chakatangwa?

Chikonzero Nei Chakatangwa

5, 6. (a) Ndechipi chimwe chikonzero nei Jesu akatanga Chirangaridzo? (b) Ipa chimwe chikonzero nei Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru kwakatangwa.

⁵ Chimwe chikonzero nei Chirangaridzo chakatangwa chaiva nechokuita nechimwe chinangwa chorufu rwaJesu. Akafa somurevereri wouchangamire hwaBaba vake vokudenga. Naizvozvo Kristu akaratidza kuti Satani Dhiyabhorosi, uyo akanga anyepera vanhu kuti vanoshumira Mwari nevavariro dzoudyire chete, murevi wenhema. (Jobho 2:1-5) Kufa kwaJesu akatendeka kwakaratidza kuti kutaura kwaSatani uku dzaiva nhema uye zvakafadza mwoyo waJehovha.—Zvirevo 27:11.

⁶ Chimwe chikonzero nei Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru kwakatangwa chaiva chokutiyeuchidza kuti nokufa kwake somunhu akakwana, asina chivi, Jesu ‘akapa mweya wake kuti uve rudzikinuro mukutsinhana nevakawanda.’ (Mateu 20:28) Munhu wokutanga paakatadzira Mwari, akarasikirwa noupenyu hwakakwana hwevanhu nezvose zvaitarisirwa mahuri. Zvisinei, Jesu akati: “Mwari akada nyika zvikuru kwazvo zvokuti akapa Mwanakomana wake akaberekwa ari mumwe bedzi, kuti munhu wose anotenda maari arege kuparadzwa asi ave noupenyu husingaperi.” (Johani 3:16) Chokwadi, “mubayiro unoripa chivi rufu, asi chipo chinopiwa naMwari upenyu husingaperi achishandisa Kristu Jesu Ishe wedu.” (VaRoma 6:23) Kuchengeta Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru kunotiyeuchidza nezvorudo rwakakura rwakaratidzwa naJehovha noMwanakomana wake maererano norufu rwaJesu rwokuzvibayira. Zvechokwadi tinofanira kuonga rudo irworwo!

Chinochengetwa Rini?

7. VaKristu vakazodzwa vanodya Chirangaridzo “nguva yose” sei?

⁷ Achitaura nezvoKudya kwaShe Kwemanheru, Pauro akati: “Nguva yose pamunodya chingwa ichi nokunwa kapu iyi, munoramba muchizivisa rufu rwaShe, kusvikira asvika.” (1 VaKorinde 11:26) MuKristu mumwe nomumwe akazodzwa aizodya zviratidzo zveChirangaridzo kusvikira afa. Nokudaro, vaizoramba vachizivisa kutenda kwavo muurongwa hwaMwari hwechibayiro chorudzikinuro chaJesu pamberi paJehovha Mwari nenyika.

8. Boka revakazodzwa raizochengeta Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru kusvikira rini?

⁸ Boka revaKristu vakazodzwa raizochengeta Chirangaridzo chorufu rwaKristu kusvikira rini? “Kusvikira asvika,” akadaro Pauro, sezviri pachena achireva kuti kuchengeta uku kwaizoenderera mberi kusvikira pakusvika kwaJesu kuti azogamuchira vateveri vake vakazodzwa mudenga kuburikidza norumuko panguva yo“kuvapo” kwake. (1 VaTesaronika 4:14-17) Izvi zvinoenderana nemashoko aJesu kuvaapostora 11 vakavimbika okuti: “Kana ndikaenda ndikakugadzirirai nzvimbo yenyu, ndiri kudzokazve uye ndichakugamuchirai kumba kwandiri, kuti pandiri imi muvepowo.”—Johani 14:3.

9. Mashoko aJesu akanyorwa pana Mako 14:25 anorevei?

 ⁹ Jesu paakatanga Chirangaridzo, akataura nezvekapu yewaini ndokuudza vaapostora vake vakatendeka kuti: “Handichazombonwi chibereko chomuzambiringa kusvikira zuva iroro pandichachinwa chava chitsva muumambo hwaMwari.” (Mako 14:25) Sezvo Jesu aisazonwa waini chaiyo ari kudenga, zviri pachena kuti aifunga nezvomufaro unombofananidzirwa newaini. (Pisarema 104:15; Muparidzi 10:19) Kuva pamwe chete mudenga chaizova chiitiko chinofadza icho iye nevateveri vetsoka dzake vaitarisira nechido chakakura kwazvo.—VaRoma 8:23; 2 VaKorinde 5:2.

10. Chirangaridzo chinofanira kuchengetwa kakawanda sei?

¹⁰ Rufu rwaJesu runofanira kuyeukwa mwedzi nomwedzi, vhiki nevhiki, kana kutoti zuva nezuva here? Aiwa. Jesu akatanga Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru uye akaurayiwa pazuva rePaseka, iyo yaichengetwa se“chirangaridzo” chokununurwa kwevaIsraeri muusungwa hwomuIjipiti muna 1513 B.C.E. (Eksodho 12:14) Paseka yaichengetwa kamwe chete pagore, zuva rechi14 romwedzi wechiJudha Nisani. (Eksodho 12:1-6; Revhitiko 23:5) Izvi zvinoratidza kuti rufu rwaJesu runofanira kungochengetwa sokuchengetwa kwaiitwa Paseka—gore negore—kwete mwedzi nomwedzi, vhiki nevhiki, kana kuti zuva nezuva.

11, 12. Zvakaitika kare zvinozivisei nezvokuchengetwa kwokutanga kweChirangaridzo?

¹¹ Saka, zvakakodzera kuchengeta Chirangaridzo gore negore pana Nisani 14. Rimwe bhuku rinoti: “VaKristu vokuAsia Minor vaidanwa kuti vaQuartodeciman [Vachengeti vezuva rechigumi nena] kubva patsika yavo yokuchengeta paseka [Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru] nguva dzose musi wechi14 waNisani . . . Musi wacho ungasvika pazuva reChishanu kana rimwe remamwe mazuva evhiki.”—The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vhoriyamu IV, peji 44.

¹² Achitaura nezvomuitiro womuzana remakore rechipiri C.E., munyori wenhau dzakaitika kare J. L. von Mosheim anotaura kuti Vachengeti vezuva regumi nena vaichengeta Chirangaridzo musi waNisani 14 nokuti “vaiona muenzaniso waKristu soune simba romutemo.” Mumwe munyori wenhau dzakaitika kare anoti: “Kushandiswa kwechechi dzokuAsia dzeVachengeti vezuva regumi nena kwakanga kwafanana nokwechechi yomuJerusarema. Muzana remakore rechipiri machechi aya airangarira kununurwa kwakaitwa norufu rwaJesu paPaseka yawo musi wechi14 waNisani.”—Studia Patristica, Vhoriyamu V, 1962, peji 8.

Zvinorehwa Nechingwa

13. Chingwa chorudzii chakashandiswa naJesu paakatanga Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru?

¹³ Jesu paakatanga Chirangaridzo, “akatora chingwa, akakumbira chikomborero, akachimedura akachipa [vaapostora].” (Mako 14:22) Chingwa chaivapo chakanga chiri chiya chakanga chichangobva kushandiswa paPaseka. (Eksodho 13:6-10) Sezvo chakabikwa chisina mbiriso, chaiva chisina kufufumuka uye chakaoma kuti papata uye chaifanira kumedurwa kuti chigovaniswe. Jesu paakaita chishamiso chokuti chingwa chiwande nokuda kwezviuru zvevanhu, ichowo chaiva chisina kufufumuka uye chakaoma kuti papata, nokuti akachimedura kuti chigovaniswe kuvanhu. (Mateu 14:19; 15:36) Saka, zviri pachena kuti kumedurwa kwechingwa chepaChirangaridzo hakuna zvakunoreva pakunamata.

14. (a) Nei zvakakodzera kuti chingwa cheChirangaridzo chive chisina mbiriso? (b) Chingwa chorudzii chinogona kutengwa kana kubikwa kuti chishandiswe paKudya kwaShe Kwemanheru?

¹⁴ Nezvechingwa chakashandiswa paaitanga Chirangaridzo, Jesu akati: “Ichi chinoreva muviri wangu uri nokuda kwenyu.” (1 VaKorinde 11:24; Mako 14:22) Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti chingwa ichocho chakanga chisina mbiriso. Nei? Nokuti mbiriso inogona kureva ushati, uipi, kana kuti chivi. (1 VaKorinde 5:6-8) Chingwa chaifananidzira muviri waJesu womunhu akakwana, asina chivi, uyo nenzira yakakodzera wakanga wapiwa sechibayiro chorudzikinuro. (VaHebheru 7:26; 10:5-10) Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoziva izvi uye zvinotevera muenzaniso wakaratidzwa naJesu nokushandisa chingwa chisina  mbiriso pakuchengeta Chirangaridzo. Dzimwe nguva zvinoshandisa matzos yechiJudha isina kuiswa zvimwe zvinhu zvokuwedzera zvakadai sehanyanisi kana mazai. Kana zvikasawana ichi, chingwa chisina mbiriso chinogona kubikwa noupfu hushomanana (kana zvichibvira, hwegorosi) yakasanganiswa notumvura. Mukanyiwa wacho unogona kutetepeswa uye unogona kubikirwa mupani yakazorwa mafuta mashomanana kusvikira chingwa chacho chaoma kuti papata.

Zvinorehwa Newaini

15. Chii chaiva mukapu yakashandiswa apo Kristu akatanga Chirangaridzo chorufu rwake?

¹⁵ Apfuudza chingwa chisina mbiriso ichi, Jesu akatora kapu, “akaonga akaipa [vaapostora], uye vose vakanwa.” Jesu akatsanangura kuti: “Iyi inoreva ‘ropa rangu resungano,’ richadururirwa vakawanda.” (Mako 14:23, 24) Mukapu macho maiva nei? Waini yakaviriswa, kwete muto wemazambiringa usina kuvira. Magwaro paanotaura nezvewaini, panenge pasingataurwi muto wemazambiringa usina kuviriswa. Somuenzaniso, waini yakaviriswa ndiyo yaizobvarura “hombodo dzekare dzewaini,” sokutaura kwakaita Jesu, kwete muto wemazambiringa. Uye vavengi vaKristu vaimupomera kuti “anonwisa waini.” Iyoyo yaizova pomero isina musoro kudai waini yacho yaingova muto wemazambiringa zvawo. (Mateu 9:17; 11:19) Waini yainwiwa paichengetwa Paseka, uye Kristu akaishandisa pakutanga Chirangaridzo chorufu rwake.

16, 17. Iwaini yorudzii yakakodzera kushandiswa panochengetwa Chirangaridzo, uye nei?

¹⁶ Waini tsvuku chete ndiyo chiratidzo chakakodzera chezvaifananidzirwa nezvaiva mukapu, kureva kuti, ropa raJesu rakadeurwa. Iye pachake akati: “Iyi inoreva ‘ropa rangu resungano,’ richadururirwa vakawanda.” Uye muapostora Petro akanyora kuti: “[Imi vaKristu vakazodzwa] munoziva kuti hamuna kununurwa nezvinhu zvinoora, nesirivha kana ndarama, pamufambiro wenyu usina zvibereko wamakagamuchira netsika yakabva kumadzitateguru enyu. Asi neropa rinokosha, rakafanana neregwayana risina gwapa uye risina ruvara, iro raKristu.”—1 Petro 1:18, 19.

¹⁷ Waini tsvuku yemazambiringa pasina mubvunzo ndiyo yakashandiswa naJesu paakatanga Chirangaridzo. Zvisinei, dzimwe waini dzemazuva ano hadzina kufanira nokuti dzakaiswa zvinodhaka kana kuti brandy kana kuti dzakawedzerwa makwenzi nezvimwe zvokuita kuti dzinhuwirire. Ropa raJesu rakanga rakakwana, risingadi kuwedzerwa chimwe chinhu. Saka, waini dziya dzinoti port, sherry, nevermouth hadzingavi dzakakodzera. Kapu yeChirangaridzo inofanira kuva newaini tsvuku isina kuiswa zvinotapira uye isina kuiswa zvimwe zvinhu. Waini tsvuku yemazambiringa yokuzvigadzirira isina kuiswa zvinotapira inogona kushandiswa, uyewo waini dzakadai sered burgundy uye claret.

18. Nei Jesu asina kuita chishamiso pachingwa newaini yeChirangaridzo?

¹⁸ Paaitanga kudya uku, Jesu haana kuita chishamiso, achichinja zviratidzo kuva nyama neropa rake chaizvo. Kudya nyama yomunhu nokunwa ropa kutyora mutemo waMwari. (Genesi 9:3, 4; Revhitiko 17:10) Jesu akanga achine muviri wake wose wenyama neropa rake rose. Muviri wake wakapiwa sechibayiro chakakwana, uye ropa rake rakadururwa masikati akatevera ezuva iroro rechiJudha, Nisani 14. Naizvozvo, chingwa  newaini zveChirangaridzo zviratidzo, zvichifananidzira nyama neropa zvaKristu. *

Chirangaridzo—Kudya Kunogoveranwa

19. Nei inopfuura ndiro imwe nekapu imwe zvingashandiswa pakuchengetwa kwoKudya kwaShe Kwemanheru?

¹⁹ Jesu paakatanga Chirangaridzo, akati vaapostora vake vanwire vose mukapu imwe. Evhangeri yaMateu inoti: “[Jesu] akatora kapu uye, aonga, akaipa kwavari, achiti: ‘Inwai, imi mose.’” (Mateu 26:27) Kushandisa “kapu” imwe chete, kwete dzakawanda, hakuna kunetsa, sezvo pachiitiko ichocho vanhu 11 chete vaidya vanofanira kuve vaiva vakakomberedza tafura imwe uye vaigona kutambidzana kapu yacho. Gore rino, mamiriyoni achaunganira Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru muungano dzinopfuura 94 000 dzeZvapupu zvaJehovha pasi pose. Sezvo pachave nevakawanda kudai vachaunganira kuchengeta uku usiku humwe chete, zvichida kapu imwe chete haigoni kushandisirwa vose. Asi maitirwo acho anodzokororwa muungano dzakakura nokushandisa makapu akawanda kuitira kuti apfuudzwe muvateereri munguva yakafanira. Saizvozvowo, inopfuura ndiro imwe ingashandiswa nokuda kwechingwa. MuMagwaro hapana chinoratidza kuti kapu kana girazi racho rinofanira kuva rorudzi rwakati. Zvisinei, kapu yacho nendiro zvinofanira kuratidza chiremera chechiitiko chacho. Kuchenjera kusazadza kapu yacho zvokuti waini yacho inogona kuzorasika painenge yava kupfuudzwa.

20, 21. Nei tingati Chirangaridzo kudya kunogoveranwa?

²⁰ Kunyange zvazvo inopfuura ndiro imwe yechingwa nekapu imwe yewaini zvingashandiswa, Chirangaridzo kudya kunogoveranwa. Muna Israeri wekare, murume aigona kupa kudya kunogoveranwa nokuunza mhuka kunzvimbo tsvene yaMwari, kwayaiurayiwa. Zvimwe zvemhuka yacho zvaipiswa paatari, chimwe chikamu chaienda kumupristi aiita basa racho uye chimwezve kuvana vaAroni vaiva vapristi, mupi wacho nemhuri yake vachidya pamwe chete zvokudya izvozvo. (Revhitiko 3:1-16; 7:28-36) Chirangaridzo kudya kunogoveranwa nokuti chinodyiwawo pamwe chete.

²¹ Jehovha anobatanidzwa mukudya kunogoveranwa uku sezvo ariye Muvambi wourongwa hwacho. Jesu ndiye chibayiro chacho, uye vaKristu vakazodzwa vanodya zviratidzo sevagoverani. Kudyira patafura yaJehovha kunoratidza kuti vari kudya vacho vane rugare naye. Saizvozvowo, Pauro akanyora kuti: “Kapu yokukomborera yatinokomborera, hakusi kugoverana muropa raKristu here? Chingwa chatinomedura, hakusi kugoverana mumuviri waKristu here? Nokuti kune chingwa chimwe, isu, kunyange takawanda, tiri muviri mumwe, nokuti tose tiri kudya chingwa chimwe ichocho.”—1 VaKorinde 10:16, 17.

22. Mibvunzoi maererano neChirangaridzo yasara kuti tiikurukure?

²² Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru ndiwo chete mutambo wechitendero unochengetwa gore negore neZvapupu zvaJehovha. Izvi zvakakodzera nokuti Jesu akarayira vateveri vake kuti: “Rambai muchiita izvi muchindiyeuka.” PaChirangaridzo, tinoyeuka rufu rwaJesu, rufu rwakareverera uchangamire hwaJehovha. Sezvatacherechedza, pakudya uku kunogoveranwa, chingwa chinofananidzira muviri waKristu womunhu akakwana wakabayirwa uye waini ropa rake rakadeurwa. Asi, vashoma kwazvo vanodya zviratidzo zvechingwa newaini. Nei izvi zvakadaro? Chirangaridzo chinonyatsoreva chinhu here kumamiriyoni asingadyi? Chaizvoizvo, Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru kunofanira kurevei kwauri?

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

Ungapindura Sei?

• Nei Jesu akatanga Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru?

• Chirangaridzo chinofanira kuchengetwa kakawanda sei?

• Chingwa chisina mbiriso cheChirangaridzo chinorevei?

• Waini yeChirangaridzo inofananidzirei?

[Mibvunzo Yechidzidzo]

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 15]

Jesu akatanga Kudya kwaShe Kwemanheru