VaKristu Vokutanga Nomutemo waMosesi

“Mutemo wakava mudzidzisi wedu uchitungamirira kuna Kristu.”—VAGARATIYA 3:24.

1, 2. Ndokupi kumwe kwokubatsirwa kwakaitwa vaIsraeri vainyatsochengeta Mutemo waMosesi?

MUNA 1513 B.C.E., Jehovha akapa vaIsraeri bumbiro remitemo. Akaudza vanhu kuti kana vakateerera inzwi rake, aizovakomborera uye vaizova noupenyu hunofadza, uye hunogutsa.—Eksodho 19:5, 6.

² Bumbiro roMutemo iroro, rainzi Mutemo waMosesi, kana kungoti “Mutemo,” raiva ‘dzvene uye rakarurama uye rakanaka.’ (VaRoma 7:12) Raikurudzira zvinhu zvakanaka zvakadai somutsa, kutendeseka, tsika, nokuva muvakidzani akanaka. (Eksodho 23:4, 5; Revhitiko 19:14; Dheuteronomio 15:13-15; 22:10, 22) Mutemo wakakurudzirawo vaJudha kudanana. (Revhitiko 19:18) Uyezve, vaisafanira kusonganira kana kutora vadzimai kubva kune veMamwe Marudzi vakanga vasiri pasi poMutemo. (Dheuteronomio 7:3, 4) So“rusvingo” rwaiparadzanisa vaJudha neveMamwe Marudzi, Mutemo waMosesi wakaita kuti vanhu vaMwari vasasvibiswa nokufunga nemiitiro zvechihedheni.—VaEfeso 2:14, 15; Johani 18:28.

3. Sezvo paisava nomunhu aigona kuchengeta Mutemo zvakakwana, waibatsirei?

³ Zvisinei, kunyange vaJudha vainyatsongwarira vaisagona kuchengeta Mutemo waMwari zvakakwana. Jehovha akanga achivatarisira kuita zvinopfuura zvavaikwanisa here? Kwete. Chimwe chezvikonzero nei Mutemo wakapiwa kuvaIsraeri chaiva cho“kuti kudarika kuoneke.” (VaGaratiya 3:19) Mutemo wakaita kuti vaJudha vepachokwadi vazive kuti vaitofanira kuwana Mudzikinuri. Iyeye paakasvika, vaJudha vakatendeka  vakafara. Kununurwa kwavo pakushurikidzwa nechivi norufu kwakanga kwava pedyo!—Johani 1:29.

4. Mutemo waiva ‘mudzidzisi unotungamirira kuna Kristu’ mupfungwai?

⁴ Mutemo waMosesi waizova urongwa hwenguva pfupi. Achinyorera hama dzake dzechiKristu, Pauro akautsanangura so‘mudzidzisi unotungamirira kuna Kristu.’ (VaGaratiya 3:24) Mudzidzisi womunguva dzekare aiperekedza vana kuchikoro nokudzoka. Kazhinji kacho akanga asiriye chaiye aidzidzisa vana; aingoperekedza vana kumudzidzisi wavo chaiye. Saizvozvowo, Mutemo waMosesi wakanga wakaitirwa kutungamirira vaJudha vaitya Mwari kuna Kristu. Jesu akavimbisa kuti aizova nevateveri vake “mazuva ose kusvikira pakuguma kwegadziriro yezvinhu.” (Mateu 28:20) Naizvozvo pashure pokunge ungano yechiKristu yangoumbwa, “mudzidzisi”—Mutemo—hapana zvawakanga uchashanda. (VaRoma 10:4; VaGaratiya 3:25) Asi vamwe vaKristu vechiJudha havana kukurumidza kunzwisisa chokwadi ichi chinokosha. Naizvozvo, vakaramba vachichengeta zvimwe zvezvaidiwa noMutemo wacho kunyange pashure pokumutswa kwaJesu. Zvisinei, vamwe vakachinja mafungiro avo. Mukuita kudaro, vakaratidza muenzaniso wakanaka kwazvo nokuda kwedu nhasi. Ngationei kuti sei.

Zvinhu Zvinonakidza Zvakaitika Mudzidziso yechiKristu

5. Mirayiridzoi yakagamuchirwa naPetro muchiratidzo, uye nei akashamiswa?

⁵ Muna 36 C.E., muapostora wechiKristu Petro akaratidzwa zvinhu zvinoshamisa. Panguva iyoyo inzwi rakabva kudenga rakamurayira kuuraya ndokudya shiri nemhuka dzainzi dzine tsvina muMutemo. Petro akashamiswa! Akanga asina “kumbodya chinhu chakasviba nechisina kuchena.” Asi inzwi racho rakamuudza kuti: “Rega kuti zvinhu zvacheneswa naMwari zvakasviba.” (Mabasa 10:9-15) Pane kuomerera kuMutemo, Petro akagadzirisa maonero ake. Izvi zvakamutungamirira kukuziva zvinhu zvinoshamisa maererano nezvinangwa zvaMwari.

6, 7. Chii chakaita kuti Petro asvike pakuziva kuti iye zvino aigona kuparidzira kune veMamwe Marudzi, uye zvii zvakare zvaanofanira kunge akasvika pakuziva?

⁶ Zvakaitika ndeizvi. Varume vatatu vakaenda kumba kwaigara Petro kunomukumbira kuenda navo kumba kwaKoneriyasi, mumwe weMamwe Marudzi akanga asina kudzingiswa aitya Mwari. Petro akati varume ava vapinde mumba ndokuvapa zvokudya. Anzwisisa zvaireva chiratidzo ichi, Petro akaenda navo zuva rakatevera kumba kwaKoneriyasi. Ikoko Petro akapupurira zvakasimba nezvaJesu Kristu. Panguva iyoyo, Petro akataura kuti: “Zvechokwadi ndinoona kuti Mwari haasaruri, asi murudzi rwose munhu anomutya uye anoita zvakarurama anogamuchirwa naye.” Koneriyasi uyewo hama dzake neshamwari dzapedyo vakatenda muna Jesu, uye “mudzimu mutsvene wakauya pana avo vose vakanga vachinzwa shoko.” Achicherechedza kuti Jehovha ndiye akanga ari kutungamirira izvi, Petro “akavarayira kuti vabhabhatidzwe muzita raJesu Kristu.”—Mabasa 10:17-48.

⁷ Chii chakaita kuti Petro asvike pakuziva kuti veMamwe Marudzi vakanga vasina kuzviisa pasi poMutemo waMosesi iye zvino vaigona kuva vateveri vaJesu Kristu? Inzwisiso yomudzimu. Sezvo Mwari akanga aratidza kutendera kwake veMamwe Marudzi, achidurura mudzimu wake pavari, Petro akanzwisisa kuti vaigona kugamuchirwa nokuda kworubhabhatidzo. Panguva iyi zvakare, Petro anofanira kunge akaziva kuti Mwari akanga asingatarisiri kuti vaKristu veMamwe Marudzi vatange vachengeta Mutemo waMosesi kuti vabhabhatidzwe. Kudai wakanga wararama kare ikako, ungadai wakada kuchinja mafungiro ako sezvakaita Petro here?

Vamwe Vakaramba Vachitevera “Mudzidzisi”

8. Maonero api akanga akasiyana neaPetro akasimudzirwa nevamwe vaKristu vaigara muJerusarema pamusoro pokudzingiswa, uye nei?

⁸ Abva pamusha paKoneriyasi, Petro akaenda kuJerusarema. Mashoko okuti veMamwe Marudzi vakanga “vagamuchirawo shoko raMwari” akanga asvika kuungano dzeko, uye vadzidzi vechiJudha  vanoverengeka vakavhiringidzika nenyaya yacho. (Mabasa 11:1-3) Kunyange zvazvo vaibvuma kuti veMamwe Marudzi vaigona kuva vateveri vaJesu, “vatsigiri vokudzingiswa” vakaita nharo dzokuti vanhu vemarudzi asiri echiJudha vaifanira kuchengeta Mutemo kuti vaponeswe. Ukuwo, munharaunda dzaiva dzine veMamwe Marudzi vakawanda, uko kwaiva nevaKristu vechiJudha vashoma, kudzingiswa yaisava hayo nyaya huru. Maonero maviri aya akaramba aripo kwemakore anenge 13. (1 VaKorinde 1:10) Iwoyo unofanira kuva wakava muedzo mukuru kuvaKristu ivavo vokutanga—kunyanya veMamwe Marudzi vaigara munharaunda dzechiJudha!

9. Nei zvakanga zvakakosha kuti nyaya yokudzingiswa igadziriswe?

⁹ Nyaya yacho yakazotsviriridza muna 49 C.E. apo vaKristu vokuJerusarema vakauya kuSiriya neAndiyoki, kwaiparidza Pauro. Vakatanga kudzidzisa kuti vatendeuki veMamwe Marudzi vaifanira kudzingiswa maererano noMutemo. Zvino vakapesana kwazvo naPauro naBhanabhasi! Kudai nyaya yacho isina kugadziriswa, vamwe vaKristu, vangava vechiJudha kana veMamwe Marudzi, vaizogumburwa. Naizvozvo, pakarongwa kuti Pauro nevamwe vashomanana vaende kuJerusarema kunokumbira dare rinodzora rechiKristu kuti rigadzirise nyaya yacho ibve yapera.—Mabasa 15:1, 2, 24.

Maonero Akanyatsosiyana—Kwozouya Kubatana!

10. Ndezvipi zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakarangarirwa nedare rinodzora risati raita chisarudzo chokuti veMamwe Marudzi vanofanira kuita sei?

¹⁰ Pamusangano wakaitwa, vamwe vanofanira kuva vakatsigira kudzingiswa, nepo vamwe vaipa pfungwa yakasiyana. Asi hapana akatungamidza manzwire ake. Pashure pokukakavadzana kwakati kuti, muapostora Petro naPauro vakatsanangura zviratidzo izvo Jehovha akanga aita pakati pevasina kudzingiswa. Vakatsanangura kuti Mwari akanga adurura mudzimu mutsvene pane veMamwe Marudzi vasina kudzingiswa. Chaizvoizvo, vaibvunza kuti, ‘Ungano yechiKristu ingaramba zvakarurama vaya vakagamuchirwa naMwari here?’ Ipapo mudzidzi Jakobho akaverenga ndima yoRugwaro yakabatsira vose vaivapo kunzwisisa kuda kwaJehovha panyaya yacho.—Mabasa 15:4-17.

11. Chii chisina kubatanidzwa pakuita chisarudzo maererano nokudzingiswa, uye chii chinoratidza kuti Jehovha akakomborera chisarudzo ichocho?

¹¹ Zvino munhu wose akanga ava kuda kunzwa zvaizotaurwa nedare rinodzora. Kuva kwavo vaJudha kwaizoita kuti vatsigire kudzingiswa here? Kwete. Varume vakatendeka ava vakanga vakatsunga kutevera Magwaro nokutungamirira kwomudzimu mutsvene waMwari. Ranzwa uchapupu hwose hunokosha, dare rinodzora rakabvumirana rose kuti pakanga pasina chikonzero chokuti vaKristu veMamwe Marudzi vadzingiswe vouya pasi poMutemo waMosesi. Shoko parakasvika kuhama, dzakafara, uye ungano dzakatanga “kuwedzera zuva nezuva.”  VaKristu vaya vaizviisa pasi penhungamiro yakajeka yaMwari vakakomborerwa nemhinduro yakasimba, yeMagwaro. (Mabasa 15:19-23, 28, 29; 16:1-5) Asi, pakanga pachine mumwe mubvunzo waifanira kupindurwa.

Zvakadini nevaKristu vechiJudha?

12. Mubvunzo upi wakasiyiwa usina kupindurwa?

¹² Dare rinodzora rakanga raratidza zvakajeka kuti vaKristu veMamwe Marudzi vaisafanira kudzingiswa. Asi zvakadini nevaKristu vechiJudha? Chisarudzo chedare rinodzora chakanga chisina kutaura zvakananga nezvomubvunzo wakadaro.

13. Nei chakanga chiri chikanganiso kutaura kuti kuchengetwa kwoMutemo waMosesi kwaidiwa kuti munhu aponeswe?

¹³ Vamwe vaKristu vechiJudha vai“shingairira Mutemo” vakaramba vachidzingisa vana vavo nokuchengeta zvimwe zvaidiwa noMutemo. (Mabasa 21:20) Vamwe vakatoita zvinopfuura apa, vachitoita nharo dzokuti vaKristu vechiJudha vaifanira kuchengeta Mutemo kuti vaponeswe. Apa vakanga vakarasika zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, muKristu upi noupi aigona sei kupa chibayiro chemhuka kuti akanganwirwe zvivi? Chibayiro chaKristu chakanga chaita kuti zvinopiwa zvakadaro zvichirega kushanda. Zvakadini nezvaidiwa noMutemo zvokuti vaJudha vasashamwaridzane neveMamwe Marudzi? Zvaizova zvakaomera kwazvo vaparidzi vechiKristu vaishingaira kuteerera zvirambidzo izvozvo asi vachingoita basa rokudzidzisa veMamwe Marudzi zvinhu zvose zvakanga zvadzidziswa naJesu.  (Mateu 28:19, 20; Mabasa 1:8; 10:28) * Hapana chinoratidza kuti nyaya iyi yakajekeswa pamusangano wedare rinodzora. Kunyange zvakadaro, ungano haina kusiyiwa isina kubatsirwa.

14. Inhungamiroi pamusoro poMutemo yakapiwa netsamba dzaPauro dzakafuridzirwa?

¹⁴ Nhungamiro yakauya, kwete setsamba dzakabva kudare rinodzora, asi setsamba dzokuwedzera dzakafuridzirwa dzakanyorwa nevaapostora. Somuenzaniso, muapostora Pauro akatumira shoko rakasimba kuvaJudha neveMamwe Marudzi vaigara kuRoma. Mutsamba yake kwavari, akatsanangura kuti muJudha chaiye “ndiye uyo akadaro mukati, uye kudzingiswa kwake ndiko kuya kwemwoyo nomudzimu.” (VaRoma 2:28, 29) Mutsamba iyoyo, Pauro akashandisa mufananidzo kuti aratidze kuti vaKristu vakanga vasisiri pasi poMutemo. Akataura kuti mukadzi aisagona kuroorwa nevarume vaviri panguva imwe. Asi kudai murume wake aifa, akanga akasununguka kuroorwazve. Pauro akabva ataura kushanda kwomufananidzo wacho, achiratidza kuti vaKristu vakazodzwa vaisagona kuva pasi poMutemo waMosesi uku vari vaKristu zvakare. Vaifanira kuva “vakafa kuMutemo” kuitira kuti vabatanidzwe naKristu.—VaRoma 7:1-5.

Vanononoka Kunzwisisa Pfungwa Yacho

15, 16. Nei vamwe vaKristu vechiJudha vakakundikana kunzwisisa pfungwa yaitaurwa maererano noMutemo, uye izvi zvinoratidzei nezvokudiwa kwokuramba takangwarira mumudzimu?

¹⁵ Zvakataurwa naPauro nezvoMutemo zvakanga  zvisingarambiki. Zvino nei vamwe vaKristu vechiJudha vakatadza kunzwisisa pfungwa yacho? Chikonzero chokutanga ndechokuti vakanga vasina nzwisiso yomudzimu. Somuenzaniso, vairega kudya zvokudya zvikukutu zvomudzimu. (VaHebheru 5:11-14) Vakanga vasingapindiwo misangano nguva dzose. (VaHebheru 10:23-25) Chimwe chikonzero nei vamwe vasina kunzwisisa pfungwa yacho chingadaro chaiva nechokuita noMutemo wacho pachawo. Wakanga wakavakirwa pazvinhu zvaigona kuonekwa uye kubatwa, zvakadai setemberi nevapristi. Zvaiva nyore kune mumwe munhu akanga asina kukura mumudzimu kugamuchira Mutemo pane kugamuchira zvinhu zvakadzika zvechiKristu, izvo zvaiva zvakavakirwa pazvinhu zvechokwadi zvisingaoneki.—2 VaKorinde 4:18.

¹⁶ Chimwezve chikonzero nei vamwe vaizviti vaKristu vaida kuchengeta Mutemo chakatsanangurwa naPauro mutsamba yake kuvaGaratiya. Akatsanangura kuti varume ava vaida kuonekwa sevanoremekedzwa, senhengo dzechitendero choruzhinji. Pane kubuda pachena munzanga, vaida kurega chinhu chipi zvacho kuti vagokwana munzanga imomo. Vainyanya kufarira kutenderwa nevanhu pane kutenderwa naMwari.—VaGaratiya 6:12.

17. Ndirini apo kunzwisiswa kwakarurama maererano nokuchengetwa kwoMutemo kwakazonyatsojeka?

¹⁷ VaKristu vainzwisisa avo vainyatsoongorora tsamba dzakafuridzirwa naMwari dzaPauro nevamwewo vakanzwisisa zvakarurama zvaidiwa pamusoro poMutemo. Zvisinei, kunzwisiswa kwakarurama kwoMutemo waMosesi kwakatozonyatsojeka kuvaKristu vose vechiJudha mugore ra70 C.E. Izvozvo zvakaitika apo Mwari akabvumira Jerusarema, temberi yaro, nezvinyorwa zvine chokuita nevapristi varo kuparadzwa. Izvi zvakaita kuti pasave neachakwanisa kuchengeta zvose zvaidiwa noMutemo.

Kushandisa Chidzidzo Chacho Nhasi

18, 19. (a) Mafungiroi atinofanira kuva nawo uye ndeapi atisingafaniri kuva nawo kuti tirambe takasimba mumudzimu? (b) Muenzaniso waPauro unotidzidzisei nezvokutevera nhungamiro yatinogamuchira kubva kuhama dzine mitoro? (Ona bhokisi riri papeji 24.)

¹⁸ Pashure pokufunga nezvezviitiko izvi zvekare kare, pamwe wava kunetseka kuti: ‘Dai ndakanga ndararama panguva iyoyo, ndaizodai ndakaita sei kuda kwaMwari sezvakwaijekeswa zvishoma nezvishoma? Ndingadai ndakaomerera chaizvo kumaonero etsika dzomutemo here? Kana kuti ndingadai ndakashivirira kusvikira kunzwisisa kwakarurama kwajeka here? Uye pakwaizojeka, ndaizodai ndakakutsigira nomwoyo wose here?

¹⁹ Ichokwadi kuti hatingavi nechokwadi chokuti taizodai takaita sei kudai takanga tararama kare ikako. Asi tinogona kuzvibvunza kuti: ‘Ndinoita sei apo kujekeswa kwenzwisiso yeBhaibheri kunotsanangurwa nhasi? (Mateu 24:45) Panopiwa nhungamiro yeMagwaro, ndinoedza kuishandisa here, ndisingachengeti bedzi mashoko omutemo asi pfungwa yawo? (1 VaKorinde 14:20) Ndinomirira Jehovha nokushivirira apo mhinduro dzemibvunzo inenge ichinetsa dzinoita sedzinononoka kuuya here?’ Zvinokosha kuti tishandise zvakanaka zvokudya zvomudzimu zviripo nhasi, kuti “tirege kumbokukurwa.” (VaHebheru 2:1) Jehovha paanopa nhungamiro achishandisa Shoko rake, mudzimu wake, uye sangano rake repasi pano, ngatiiteererei nokungwarira. Kana tikaita kudaro, Jehovha achatikomborera noupenyu husingagumi hunofadza uye hunogutsa.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

Ungapindura Sei?

• Mutemo waMosesi waiva ‘mudzidzisi unotungamirira kuna Kristu’ mupfungwa ipi?

• Ungatsanangura sei kusiyana kwenzira idzo Petro ne“vatsigiri vokudzingiswa” vakaita nayo pakugadziridzwa kwokunzwisisa chokwadi?

• Wadzidzei nezvenzira idzo Jehovha anozivisa nadzo chokwadi nhasi?

[Mibvunzo Yechidzidzo]

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 24]

Pauro Anotarisana Nomuedzo Nokuzvininipisa

Pashure porwendo rwoumishinari runobudirira, Pauro akasvika muJerusarema muna 56 C.E. Ikoko akanga akamirirwa nomuedzo. Mashoko okuti akanga achidzidzisa kuti Mutemo wakanga waiswa parutivi akanga asvika kuungano. Varume vakuru vaitya kuti vaKristu vechiJudha vakanga vachangobva kutendeuka vaizogumburwa norusununguko rwokutaura rwaPauro panyaya yoMutemo uye kuti vaigona kuzofunga kuti chiKristu chakanga chisingaremekedzi zvirongwa zvaJehovha. Muungano, maiva nevaKristu vechiJudha vana vakanga vaita mhiko, zvichida mhiko youNaziri. Vaifanira kuenda kutemberi kuti vanopedzisa zvaidiwa nemhiko iyoyo.

Varume vakuru vacho vakakumbira Pauro kuti aperekedze varume vana ava kutemberi iye achizovabhadharira mari. Pauro akanga anyora tsamba mbiri kana kupfuura umo akataura kuti kuchengetwa kwoMutemo kwakanga kusingadiwi nokuda kworuponeso. Zvisinei, akafunga nezvehana dzevamwe. Akanga ambonyora kuti: “Kune vari pasi pomutemo ndakava seari pasi pomutemo . . . kuti ndiwane vari pasi pomutemo.” (1 VaKorinde 9:20-23) Nepo akanga asingambochinji apo nheyo dzemitemo yeMagwaro dzaibatanidzwa, Pauro akafunga kuti aigona kuita maererano nezvakanga zvataurwa nevarume vakuru. (Mabasa 21:15-26) Zvakanga zvisina kushata kuti adaro. Hapana chakanga chisiri paMagwaro maererano nourongwa hwemhiko, uye temberi yakanga yashandiswa nokuda kwokunamata kwakachena, kwete kunamata zvidhori. Saka, nechinangwa chokuti asagumbura vamwe, Pauro akaita sezvakanga zvakumbirwa. (1 VaKorinde 8:13) Pasina mubvunzo izvi zvaida kuti Pauro azvininipise zvikuru, chokwadi chinoita kuti timuonge zvakadzama.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 22, 23]

Kwemakore, pfungwa dzakasiyana maererano noMutemo waMosesi dzakaramba dziripo pakati pevaKristu