Zvakanaka Nezvakaipa—Unofanira Kusarudza Sei?

NDIANI ane simba rokutaura kuti izvi ndizvo zvakanaka kana kuti zvakaipa? Nyaya iyoyo yakamuka pakutanga chaipo kwenhoroondo yevanhu. Maererano nebhuku reBhaibheri raGenesi, Mwari akatsaura mumwe muti waikura mubindu reEdheni kuti uve “muti wokuziva zvakanaka nezvakaipa.” (Genesi 2:9) Mwari akarayira vanhu vaviri vokutanga kuti vasadye michero yomuti uyu. Zvisinei, muvengi waMwari, Satani Dhiyabhorosi, akati kana vakadya muti uyu, meso avo ‘aizosvinudzwa, vova saMwari, vachiziva zvakanaka nezvakaipa.’—Genesi 2:16, 17; 3:1, 5; Zvakazarurwa 12:9.

Adhamu naEvha vaifanira kusarudza—vaifanira kubvuma here zvainzi naMwari ndizvo zvakanaka uye zvakaipa kana kuti vaifanira kutevera zvavo? (Genesi 3:6) Vakasarudza kusateerera Mwari ndokudya muchero womuti wacho. Chinhu chiduku  ichi chavakaita chairevei? Nokuramba kuremekedza pavakanzi naMwari vanofanira kugumira, vakati ivo nevana vavo vaizoita zviri nani nokuzvisarudzira zvavaiti ndizvo zvakanaka uye zvakaipa. Vanhu vabudirira zvakadini nokuedza kuva nemasimba aya akafanana neaMwari?

Mafungiro Akasiyana-siyana

Yapedza kudzokorora dzidziso dzevazivi vakakurumbira vakararama mumazana ose aya emakore, Encyclopædia Britannica inotaura kuti kubvira panguva yomuzivi wechiGiriki ainzi Socrates kusvikira kuzana remakore rechi20, pave paine “magakava anongodzokororwa pamusoro pokuti kunaka kungatsanangurwa sei uye ndezvipi zvinganzi ndizvo zvakanaka uye zvakaipa.”

Somuenzaniso, vaSophist vaiva boka raiva nomukurumbira revadzidzisi vechiGiriki muzana remakore rechishanu B.C.E. Vaidzidzisa kuti zvinonzi zvakanaka uye zvakaipa zvaisarudzwa nezvinofungwa nevoruzhinji. Mumwe mudzidzisi wavo akati: “Chero zvinhu zvinoita sezvakarurama uye zvakanaka muguta rimwe nerimwe, zvakarurama uye zvakanaka muguta iroro, chero bedzi richifunga kuti zvakarurama uye zvakanaka.” Nemafungiro aya, Jodie, ambotaurwa munyaya yapfuura, anofanira kuchengeta mari yacho, sezvo voruzhinji vomunharaunda yake, kana kuti vomu“guta” rake vaizodaro.

Immanuel Kant, mumwe muzivi anozivikanwa zvikuru womuzana remakore rechi18, akataura pfungwa yakasiyana. Imwe magazini inonzi Issues in Ethics inoti: “Immanuel Kant nevamwe vakaita saiye . . . vainyanya kusimbisa kodzero yomunhu pachake kuti azvisarudzire zvaanoda.” Maererano nouzivi hwaKant, chero bedzi Jodie akanga asingazotyori kodzero dzevanhu, zvaiva kwaari. Haafaniri kubvumira mafungiro evoruzhinji pakusarudza zvaanofanira kuita.

Saka Jodie akasarudza kuitei padambudziko rake? Akasarudza imwe pfungwa yechitatu. Akashandisa dzidziso yaJesu Kristu, uyo aiva nemitemo yetsika dzakarumbidzwa nevaKristu uye nevasiri vaKristu. Jesu akadzidzisa kuti: “Naizvozvo, zvinhu zvose zvamunoda kuti vanhu vakuitirei, munofanira kuvaitirawo saizvozvo.” (Mateu 7:12) Zvichitoshamisa mukadzi uya, Jodie akamutambidza mari yacho US$82 000 (Z$465 350 000). Paakabvunzwa kuti nei asina kuitora, Jodie akatsanangura kuti akanga ari mumwe weZvapupu zvaJehovha ndokubva ati: “Mari yacho yanga isiri yangu.” Jodie akakoshesa mashoko aJesu akanyorwa muBhaibheri pana Mateu 19:18 anoti: “Haufaniri kuba.”

Mafungiro Evoruzhinji Anotungamirira Zvakavimbika Here?

Vamwe vanhu vangati Jodie akaratidza ufuza nokuvimbika zvakadaro. Asi kutungamirirwa nemafungiro evoruzhinji hakuna kuvimbika. Somuenzaniso, kudai wakararama nevanhu vaidavira kuti kubayira vana kunogamuchirika, sokufunga kwaiita vamwe kare, izvozvo zvingadai zvakaita kuti muitiro wacho uve wakanaka here? (2 Madzimambo 16:3) Zvakadini kudai wakaberekerwa munzanga yaiona kudya vanhu  sechinhu chakanaka? Izvozvo zvingadai zvakareva here kuti kudya nyama yevanhu hakuna kuipa chaizvoizvo? Kuti chinhu chinoitwa nevoruzhinji hazvirevi kuti chakanaka. Kare kare, Bhaibheri rakanyevera nezvomusungo iwoyo, richiti: “Usatevera vazhinji pakuita zvakaipa.”—Eksodho 23:2.

Jesu Kristu akaratidza chimwe chikonzero chokuti tisavimba nokutungamirirwa nemafungiro evoruzhinji pakusarudza zvakanaka nezvakaipa. Akafumura Satani so“mutongi wenyika.” (Johani 14:30; Ruka 4:6) Satani anoshandisa nzvimbo yake kuti atsause “pasi rose rinogarwa.” (Zvakazarurwa 12:9) Saka, kana ukasarudza zvaunoti ndizvo zvakanaka kana kuti zvakaipa nokungotevera zvinoitwa nevoruzhinji, ungave uri kuva nemafungiro aSatani etsika, uye hazvina mubvunzo kuti izvozvo zvingakukuvadza.

Ungavimba Nemafungiro Ako Here?

Saka munhu mumwe nomumwe anofanira kuzvisarudzira zvakanaka nezvakaipa here? Bhaibheri rinoti: “Urege kusendama panjere dzako.” (Zvirevo 3:5) Nei? Nokuti vanhu vose vakagara nhaka urema hwakakura hungavakanganisa pakusarudza. Adhamu naEvha pavakapandukira Mwari, vakagamuchira zvinodiwa nomutengesi ane udyire Satani, uye vakamusarudza kuti ave baba wavo mune zvokunamata. Vakabva vapfuudza kumhuri yevana vavo mumwe muitiro—mwoyo unonyengera unogona kuziva zvakanaka asi uine muitiro wokuda kuita zvakaipa.—Genesi 6:5; VaRoma 5:12; 7:21-24.

Encyclopædia Britannica, ichikurukura nezvetsika, inoti: “Hazvioneki sezvinoshamisa kana vanhu vakaziva zvavanofanira kuita maererano netsika asi vobva vaita havo zvavanoda. Kuudza vanhu vakadaro zvikonzero zvokuita zvakanaka rave riri dambudziko guru mutsika dzokuMadokero.” Bhaibheri rinotaura zvakarurama kuti: “Mwoyo unonyengera kupfuura zvinhu zvose, wakaora chose, ndiani ungauziva?” (Jeremia 17:9) Waizovimba nomunhu anozivikanwa nokunyengera here?

Ichokwadi kuti kunyange vaya vasingadaviri Mwari vanokwanisa kuzvibata nenzira inonzi yakanaka maererano netsika uye kuumba mabumbiro etsika anoshanda neanokudzwa. Zvisinei, kazhinji kacho, mirayiro yakanaka iri mumabumbiro avo inongoratidza mitemo yeBhaibheri yetsika. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakadaro vangaramba kuti Mwari aripo, pfungwa dzavo dzinoratidza kuti vakagara nhaka kukwanisa kuratidza unhu hwaMwari. Izvi zvinoratidza zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri kuti pakutanga vanhu vakasikwa “nomufananidzo waMwari.” (Genesi 1:27; Mabasa 17:26-28) Muapostora Pauro anoti: “Ivo ndivo vanoratidza zvomutemo kuti zvakanyorwa mumwoyo mavo.”—VaRoma 2:15.

Zvechokwadi, kuziva zvakanaka kwakasiyana nokuva nesimba rokuita zvakanaka maererano netsika. Munhu anosvika sei pakuva nesimba rinodiwa kuti aite zvinodiwa netsika dzakanaka? Sezvo zvinoitwa nevanhu zvichikonzerwa nomwoyo, kuda Munyori weBhaibheri, Jehovha Mwari, kunogona kubatsira munhu kuva nesimba iroro.—Pisarema 25:4, 5.

Kuwana Simba Rokuita Zvakanaka

Nhanho yokutanga yokudzidza kuda Mwari ndeyokuona kuva nomusoro uye kushanda kunoita mirayiro yake. “Kuda Mwari kunoreva izvi,” anodaro muapostora Johani, “kuti tichengete mirayiro yake; asi mirayiro yake hairemi.” (1 Johani 5:3) Somuenzaniso, Bhaibheri rine mazano anoshanda anogona kubatsira vechiduku kuziva zvakanaka nezvakaipa pavanosarudza kana vachifanira kunwa doro kana kwete, kana kuti vachifanira kushandisa zvinodhaka, kana kurara nomumwe munhu vasati varoorana. Bhaibheri rinogona kubatsira vakaroorana kuti vazive nzira yokugadzirisa nayo  kusanzwisisana, uye rinogona kupa vabereki mirayiridzo yokurerwa kwevana. * Kana zvikashandiswa, zvinonzi neBhaibheri ndidzo tsika dzakanaka zvinobatsira vose vaduku nevakuru, pasinei nenzanga yavo, dzidzo, kana tsika dzekwavanobva.

Kudya zvokudya zvinovaka zvakunokupa simba rokuita basa, kuverenga Shoko raMwari kunokupawo simba rokurarama maererano nezvaanoda. Jesu akafananidza shoko raMwari nechingwa chinoraramisa. (Mateu 4:4) Akatiwo: “Zvokudya zvangu ndizvo kuti ndiite kuda kwaiye akandituma.” (Johani 4:34) Kudya shoko raMwari kwakaita kuti Jesu ave akagadzirira kukunda miedzo uye kuti asarudze nokuchenjera.—Ruka 4:1-13.

Pakutanga ungawana zvakaoma kudyisa pfungwa dzako Shoko raMwari uye kugamuchira zvaanoda. Asi yeuka kuti pawaiva muduku, ungadaro wakanga usingafariri zvimwe zvokudya zvaigona kukubatsira. Kuti ukure wakasimba, waifanira kudzidzira kunakirwa nezvokudya zvakadaro zvinovaka. Saizvozvowo, zvingatora nguva kuti utange kunakirwa nezvinodiwa naMwari. Ukapfuurira, uchasvika pakuzvida wosimba mune zvokunamata. (Pisarema 34:8; 2 Timoti 3:15-17) Uchadzidza kuvimba naJehovha wonzwa uchida ‘kuita zvakanaka.’—Pisarema 37:3.

Ungasasangana zvachose nezvakasangana naJodie. Asi, zuva roga roga unoita zvisarudzo zvine chokuita netsika, zviduku nezvikuru. Saka Bhaibheri rinokukurudzira kuti: “Vimba naJehovha nomwoyo wako wose, urege kusendama panjere dzako. Umutende panzira dzako dzose, agoruramisa makwara ako ose.” (Zvirevo 3:5, 6) Kudzidza kuvimba naJehovha hakungokubatsiri iye zvino asiwo kuchakupa mukana wokurarama nokusingaperi, nokuti nzira yokuteerera Jehovha Mwari inoenda kuupenyu.—Mateu 7:13, 14.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 6]

Mafungiro evoruzhinji angakonzerwa nemasimba asingaoneki

[Mifananidzo iri papeji 5]

Mumakore ose aya, vazivi vakaitirana magakava pamusoro pezvakanaka nezvakaipa

SOCRATES

KANT

CONFUCIUS

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Kant: Kubva mubhuku rinonzi The Historian’s History of the World; Socrates: Kubva mubhuku rinonzi A General History for Colleges and High Schools; Confucius: Sung Kyun Kwan University, Seoul, Korea

[Mifananidzo iri papeji 7]

Bhaibheri haringotibatsiri kuziva zvakanaka nezvakaipa asiwo rinotikurudzira kuita zvakanaka