Pondiyo Pirato Aive Ani?

“PIRATO, munhu aitsvinya anotaurwa nezvake munhau uyo watinoramba tichifunga nezvake. Kune vamwe, musande, asi kune vamwe munhu akanga akaipa chaizvo, munhu wezvamatongerwe enyika uyo akada kuchengetedza runyararo nokubayira munhu mumwe chete.”—Pontius Pilate, rakanyorwa naAnn Wroe.

Ungave uchibvumirana nemaonero iwayo kana kuti kwete, asi Pondiyo Pirato akazviitira mukurumbira pamusana pezvaakaitira Jesu Kristu. Pirato aive ani? Chii chinozivikanwa nezvake? Kunzwisisa zviri nani chinzvimbo chake kuchawedzera kunzwisisa kwedu zviitiko zvinokosha zvikuru zvakanga zvisati zvamboitika pasi pano.

Chinzvimbo, Basa, uye Simba

Mutongi weRoma Tibheriyo akagadza Pirato kuva gavhuna weruwa rweJudhiya muna 26 C.E. Vatariri vakadaro vaiva varume vaya vainzi nyanzvi dzaigona kutasva mabhiza—asi vaiva vakati dererei pane vapfumi vaiva nhengo dzedare remakurukota ehurumende. Zvimwe Pirato akapinda muchiuto somumiririri wevarwi, kana kuti mutevedzeri womutungamiriri wevarwi; akambova nezvinzvimbo zvakasiyana-siyana zvebasa kusvikira azoitwa gavhuna asati ava nemakore 30.

Paainge akapfeka yunifomu, Pirato anofanira kunge aipfeka nguo yeganda uye chinovhariridza chesimbi pachipfuva. Paaienda kune voruzhinji aipfeka nguo chena yaiva nomupendero wepepuru yainzi toga—nguo yaipfekwa nevaRoma ichiita zvokumonerwa nepapfudzi yozodzika nomuviri. Anofanira kunge aiva nebvudzi raichekererwa uye asina ndebvu. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vachiti aibva kuSpain, zita rake rinotaridza kuti aiva wedzinza revaPontii—vaSamnite vepamusorosoro vaibva kumaodzanyemba kweItaly.

Vatariri vaiva nechinzvimbo sechaPirato vaiwanzotumwa kunzvimbo dzinotyisa. VaRoma vaiona Judhiya seimwe yenzvimbo dzakadaro. Kuwedzera pakuchengetedza runyararo, Pirato aitarisira kuunganidzwa kwomutero zvisina kunanga uye mari yokuvhota. Matare echiJudha aitonga nyaya duku dzezuva nezuva, asi zviri pachena kuti nyaya dzaida mutongo worufu dzaiendeswa kuna gavhuna, uyo aiva simba repamusoro.

Pirato nomudzimai wake nenhengo shoma dzevanyori, shamwari, uye nhume vaigara pachiteshi chezvikepe chetaundi reKesariya. Pirato aiva nemapoka mashanu evarwi vaifamba netsoka, boka rimwe nerimwe riine varume 500 kusvika ku1 000 uyewo aiva nemasoja angangosvika 500 aishandisa mabhiza. Masoja ake aigara achiroverera padanda vanhu vaityora mutemo. Munguva dzorunyararo, vanhu vaiurayiwa pashure pokutonga zvechipameso, asi pavainge vamukira, vapanduki vaiurayiwa pakarepo uye vari vazhinji. Somuenzaniso, vaRoma vakaroverera varanda  6 000 kuti vagumise kupandukira kwaitungamirirwa naSpartacus. Ruwa rweJudhiya parwaiva munyatwa, kazhinji gavhuna aitsvaka kubatsirwa nomumiririri wamambo weRoma aigara kuSiriya, uyo aiva nemasoja akawanda. Zvisinei, Pirato paaiva gavhuna, kwenguva yakareba kwaiva kusina mumiririri wamambo, saka Pirato aitofanira kupedza mhirizhonga nokukurumidza.

Magavhuna aigara achikurukurirana namambo. Mambo aifanira kuudzwa nyaya dzaiva nechokuita nokuremekedzwa kwake kana kuti kuvhiringidzwa kwesimba rake samambo weRoma, iye ozovaudza zvokuita. Gavhuna aigona kunzwa achida kuudza mambo maonero aaiita zvinhu zvinoitika munharaunda yake vamwe vasati vamumhan’arira. Nemhaka yezvinetso zvakanga zvava kutanga muJudhiya, izvozvo zvinogona kunge zvaidya mwoyo waPirato chaizvo.

Kunze kwenhoroondo dzeEvhangeri, vanyori venhau dzakaitika Flavius Josephus naPhilo ndivo vanonyanya kupa mashoko ane chokuita naPirato. Munyori wenhau dzokuRoma, Tacitus, anotiwo Pirato akauraya Christus, uye vaKristu vanotora zita ravo paari.

VaJudha Vanodenhwa

Josephus anoti nokuti magavhuna eRoma airemekedza tsika dzevaJudha dzokusagadzira zvifananidzo, akanga asingaisi chiratidzo chaimiririra mambo muJerusarema. Pamusana pokuti vaJudha vakanga vashatiriswa nokuti Pirato haana kuremekedza mutemo iwoyo, vakamhanyira kuKesariya kunomhan’ara. Pirato haana zvaakaita kwemazuva mashanu. Pazuva rechitanhatu, akarayira masoja ake kuti akombe vanhu vacho vaitsutsumwa ndokutyisidzira kuti aizovauraya kana vakanga vasina kupararira. VaJudha vacho pavakati zvaiva nani kuti vafe pane kuona Mutemo wavo uchityorwa, Pirato akazobvuma ndokurayira kuti mifananidzo yacho ibviswe.

Pirato aigona kushandisa chisimba. Mune chimwe chiitiko chakanyorwa naJosephus, Pirato akatanga kugadzira mumwe mugero kuti upinze mvura muJerusarema uye akashandisa mari yaibva muhomwe yomutemberi kuita basa iri. Pirato haana kungotora mari yacho chete, nokuti aiziva kuti kupamba zvinhu zvaiva mutemberi kwairatidza kumhura uye kwaigona kuita kuti vaJudha vakanga vakagumbuka vakumbire Tibheriyo kuti Pirato abviswe pachigaro. Saka zvinoita sokuti Pirato akanyengetedza zviremera zvepatemberi. Mari yakatsaurirwa, yainzi “kobhani,” yaigona kushandiswa zviri pamutemo pamabasa aibatsira kuti taundi racho riratidzike zvakanaka. Asi zviuru zvevaJudha zvakaungana kuti zviratidzire kutsamwa kwazvo.

Pirato akaita kuti mauto avhengane nevanhu vaitsutsumwa uye akaarayira kuti asashandisa mapakatwa asi kuti arove vanhu vacho netsvimbo. Zviri pachena kuti akanga achida kudzora mhomho yacho asingavaurayi. Izvi zvinenge zvakashanda, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vakafa. Vaya vakaudza Jesu kuti Pirato akanga asanganisa ropa revamwe vaGarireya nezvibayiro zvavo vangangove vaitaura nezvechiitiko ichi.—Ruka 13:1.

“Chokwadi Chii?”

Chinoita kuti Pirato ave nomukurumbira wakaipa ndechokutsvakurudza kwaakaita kupomera kwevapristi vakuru vechiJudha uye vamwe varume vakuru kuti Jesu aizviti ndiMambo. Paakanzwa nezvebasa raJesu rokupupurira chokwadi, Pirato akaona kuti musungwa wacho akanga asiri ngozi kuumambo hweRoma. “Chokwadi chii?” akabvunza kudaro, uye zviri pachena kuti akanga achifunga kuti chokwadi chaiva chinhu chakaoma kunzwisisa zvokuti chakanga chisina  kukodzera kuteerera. Akapedzisa achiti chii? “Handiwani mhosva kwaari.”—Johani 18:37, 38; Ruka 23:4.

Ndiko kwaifanira kuva kupera kwokutongwa kwaJesu, asi vaJudha vakaramba vachiti akanga achitsausa vanhu. Shanje ndidzo dzakaita kuti vapristi vakuru vaendese Jesu kuna Pirato, uye Pirato aizviziva. Aizivawo kuti kusunungura Jesu kwaizokonzera dambudziko, chinhu chaakanga achiedza kudzivisa. Matambudziko akadaro akanga atombovapo, nokuti Bharabhasi nevamwe vakanga vari mujeri pamusana pokumukira uye kuponda. (Mako 15:7, 10; Ruka 23:2) Uyezve, kukakavadzana kwaiva kwamboita Pirato nevaJudha kwakanga kwakanganisa mukurumbira wake kuna Tibheriyo, uye Tibheriyo aiva nomukurumbira wokuranga zvakakasharara magavhuna aiva akaipa. Asi kuteerera zvaitaurwa nevaJudha chaizova chiratidzo chokusava nesimba. Saka Pirato akanga ari parumananzombe.

Paakanzwa kwaibva Jesu, Pirato akaedza kuendesa nyaya yacho kuna Herodhi Andipasi, mutongi weruwa rweGarireya. Izvozvo pazvakaramba, Pirato akaedza kuita kuti vaya vakanga vakaungana panze pomuzinda wake vakumbire kuti Jesu asunungurwe, maererano netsika yokusunungura musungwa paPaseka. Boka racho rakadanidzira kuti Bharabhasi asunungurwe.—Ruka 23:5-19.

Pirato angangodaro aida kuita zvakanga zvakarurama, asiwo akanga achida kuzviponesa uye kufadza boka revanhu. Pakupedzisira, akakoshesa basa rake panzvimbo pehana kana kuti kururamisira. Achikumbira mvura, akageza maoko ake ndokuzviti akanga asina mhosva parufu rwaakanga atendera. * Kunyange zvazvo akaona kuti Jesu akanga asina mhosva, Pirato akaita kuti arohwe uye akatendera kuti masoja amutuke, amurove, uye amupfire mate.—Mateu 27:24-31.

Pirato akaedza kusunungura Jesu kokupedzisira, asi boka revanhu rakadanidzira kuti kana aizoita kudaro akanga asiri shamwari yaKesari. (Johani 19:12) Zvadaro, Pirato akabva anyarara. Imwe nyanzvi yakati nezvezvaifanira kusarudzwa naPirato: “Zvaiva nyore: kuuraya munhu wacho. MuJudha mumwe chete asina basa zvake ndiye bedzi aingofa; hwaizova ufuza kuita kuti pave nematambudziko anokonzerwa nomunhu iyeye.”

Chii Chakaitika Kuna Pirato?

Chinhu chakapedzisira kunyorwa nezvaPirato ari pabasa rake, raivazve rimwe bongozozo. Josephus anoti vaSamariya vazhinjizhinji vaiva nezvombo vakaungana paGomo reGerizimi vaine tariro yokuwana pfuma yainzi yakavigwa ipapo naMosesi. Pirato akapindira, uye mauto ake akauraya vanhu vakati wandei pane vaiva muboka racho. VaSamariya vakagunun’unira Pirato kumukuru wake, Lucius Vitellius, gavhuna weSiriya. Kuti Vitellius akafunga kuti Pirato akanga anyanyisa here, hazvitaurwi. Chero zvazviri, akarayira kuti Pirato aende kuRoma kuti anozvidavirira kuna mambo. Zvisinei, asati asvika, Tibheriyo akafa.

Rimwe bhuku rinoti: “Kubvira panguva iyoyo, Pirato haazotaurwi nezvake munhau.” Asi vanhu vakawanda vakaedza kupa mashoko asipo. Zvinonzi Pirato akazova muKristu. “VaKristu” vokuEthiopia vakamuita “musande.” Eusebius, uyo akanyora mukunopera kwezana remakore rechitatu nerechina, ndiye wokutanga pane vakawanda kutaura kuti Pirato akazviuraya, sezvakaita Judhasi Isikariyoti. Zvisinei, kuti chii chakazoitika kuna Pirato inongova nyaya yokufungidzira.

Pirato aigona kuva chandagwinyira, kusava nehanya nezvinhu, uye kushandisa chisimba. Asi akaramba ari pachinzvimbo chake kwemakore gumi, nepo vatariri vakawanda veJudhiya vaingogara kwenguva pfupi zvikuru. Naizvozvo, pamaonero evaRoma, Pirato aiziva basa. Akanzi aiva gwara, uye aiva nemhosva yokuita kuti Jesu atambudzwe ndokuurayiwa kuti azvidzivirire. Vamwe vanoti basa raPirato rakanga risiri rokutonga mhosva chaizvoizvo asi rokubatsira kuti pave norunyararo uye kusimudzira zvido zveRoma.

Nguva yaPirato yakanga yakasiyana zvikuru neyedu. Asi, hapana mutongi aigona kupa mutongo wemhosva zvakarurama kune munhu waaiti haana mhosva. Dai akanga asina kusangana naJesu, Pondiyo Pirato angadai achingova mumwe munhuwo zvake mumabhuku enhau.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 11]

Apa pakanyorwa kuti Pondiyo Pirato aiva mutariri weJudhiya pakawanikwa kuKesariya