Nguva yeKrisimasi—Chinangwa Chayo Ndechei?

KUMAMIRIYONI nguva yezororo ndeyokuva nemhuri neshamwari, inguva yokusimbisa ukama. Vamwe vakawanda vanofunga kuti inguva yokufungisisa nezvokuzvarwa kwaJesu Kristu nebasa rake rokusunungura vanhu. MuRussia, kusiyana nedzimwe nyika dzakawanda, kupemberera Krisimasi kwakagara kusiri chinhu icho vanhu vave vakasununguka kuita. Kunyange zvazvo kwemazana emakore veChechi yeRussian Orthodox vakanga vapemberera Krisimasi pachena, vakarambidzwa kuipemberera kwemakore akawanda ezana remakore rechi20. Chii chakakonzera kuchinja uku?

Bolshevik Communist ichangochinja muna 1917, vakuru vakuru veSoviet vakaramba vaine mutemo woutsinye wokuti nyika yacho yose idavire kuti hakuna Mwari. Nguva yose yezororo reKrisimasi nokusimudzira kwayo zvechitendero yakarambidzwa. Hurumende yakatanga kuparadzira mashoko okurambidza mhemberero dzeKrisimasi neGore Idzva. Kunyange zviratidzo zvaishandiswa munyika iyoyo panguva yacho zvaishorwawo pachena—muti weKrisimasi uye Ded Moroz, kana kuti Sekuru Frost, zita rinoshandiswa kuRussia richitsiva rokuti Santa Claus.

Muna 1935, pakava nokuchinja kwakaita kuti vanhu vokuRussia vachinje nzira yokupemberera nayo nguva yezororo racho. Vanhu vokuSoviet vakatangazve Sekuru Frost, muti womwaka wacho, uye kupemberera Gore Idzva—asi zvava nomumwe musambo. Zvakanzi Sekuru Frost vaizounza zvipo paZuva reGore Idzva kwete paKrisimasi. Saizvozvowo, pakanga pasingazovi nomuti weKrisimasi. Waizova muti weGore Idzva! Saka, zvaikosheswa neSoviet Union zvakachinja. Kutaura zvazviri, mhemberero yeGore Idzva yakatsiva yeKrisimasi.

Nguva yeKrisimasi yakabva yanyatsova zororo renyika rakanga risisina chero zvaraireva zvine chokuita nechitendero. Muti weGore Idzva wakashongedzwa nezvishongo zvenyika zvairatidza kubudirira kweSoviet Union, kwete zvechitendero. Magazini yokuRussia inonzi Vokrug Sveta (Munyika Yose) inotsanangura kuti: “Zvinobvira kuziva matangiro akaita nzanga yechiKomonisiti nokushongedzwa kwaiitwa muti weGore Idzva kwemakore akasiyana-siyana panguva yaitonga Soviet Union. Paigadzirwawo tutsuro, aizi, nemarofu ezvingwa zveraundi, zvokushongedza zvakaita semajeko, sando, uye maturakita. Izvi zvakazotsiviwa nezviumbwa zvevashandi vomumigodhi nezvevanoenda kumwedzi, midziyo inoshandiswa pakuchera oiri, zvitundumuseremusere, nemotokari dzinoshandiswa kufamba pamwedzi.”

Zvakadini neZuva racho reKrisimasi? Harina kana kumbochengetwa. Asi, hurumende yeSoviet yakarideredza zvokungoriona sezuvawo zvaro rokushanda. Vaya vaishuva kuita mhemberero dzechitendero dzeKrisimasi vaingogona kuita izvozvo vachingwarira zvikuru, vachityira kuzovengwa neHurumende kana kuti kuva nemigumisiro inorwadza. Chokwadi, muRussia yomuzana remakore rechi20, chinangwa chezororo racho chakachinja, kubva pakuva mhemberero yechitendero ndokuva mhemberero yenyika.

Kuchinja Kwakaitika Munguva Pfupi Yapfuura

Muna 1991 Soviet Union yakaparara uye pakava norusununguko mune zvakawanda. Mutemo weHurumende  wokuti hakuna Mwari wakanga usisipo. Hurumende dzakasiyana-siyana dzakanga dzichangotangwa dzakanga dzisina chokuita nechitendero, Chechi neHurumende zvakasiyana. Vanhu vakawanda vaida zvechitendero vaiona kuti iye zvino vaigona kuita zvavaidavira zvechitendero. Vaiti imwe nzira yokuita izvi yaiva yokuchengeta zororo rechitendero reKrisimasi. Zvisinei, vakawanda vakadaro vakakurumidza kuora mwoyo zvikuru. Nei?

Gore negore, zororo racho razova rokusimudzira zvokutengeserana. Chokwadi, munyika dzokuMadokero, nguva yeKrisimasi yazova nzira yakanakisisa yokuti vagadziri vezvinhu, makambani anoodhesa, nevatengesi vaite mari. Zvishongo zvepaKrisimasi zvinoratidzwa chaizvo pamberi pezvitoro. Mimhanzi nenziyo zveKrisimasi yokuMadokero, zvakanga zvisingazivikanwi muRussia, zvakatanga kuitwa muzvitoro. Vatengesi vanenge vakatakura mabhegi makuru ane zvishongo zveKrisimasi vanozvitengesa muzvitima nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa nevakawanda pakufamba. Ndizvo zvaunoona mazuva ano.

Kunyange vaya vanoona sokuti kutengeserana kwakadaro hakuna kumboipa vanganetseka nechimwe chinhu chinovhiringidza zororo racho—kunwa doro zvisina kufanira nezvose zvakaipa zvakunokonzera. Mumwe chiremba anoshandira mukamuri rokukurumidzira riri pachipatara chokuMoscow akatsanangura kuti: “Chinhu chakajairika kuna vanachiremba kuti pamhemberero dzeGore Idzva vanhu vanokuvara, vamwe vanorovera uye vanenge vane maronda okuchekwa nebanga kana okubayiwa nepfuti, zvakawanda zvacho zvinenge zvakonzerwa nechisimba chinoitika mumhuri, kurwisana kwezvidhakwa, netsaona dzemotokari.” Mumwe musayendisiti mukuru pabazi reRussian Academy of Sciences akati: “Nhamba yevanofa zvichikonzerwa nokunwa doro iri kuwedzera zvikuru. Muna 2000 nhamba yacho yaiva yakakura chaizvo. Nhamba yevanozviuraya nevanopondwa yakawedzerawo chaizvo.”

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti mufambiro wakadaro uri kuwedzerwa nechimwe chinhu munguva yezororo kuRussia. Pasi pomusoro mukuru waiti “Vanhu vokuRussia Vanochengeta Krisimasi Kaviri,” pepanhau rinonzi Izvestiya rakati: “Anenge munhu wokuRussia mumwe chete pagumi anochengeta Krisimasi kaviri. Sezvakaonekwa nevaongorori vesangano rinonzi ROMIR, 8 muzana yevakabvunzurudzwa vakati vanochengeta Krisimasi musi waDecember 25, maererano nekarenda yeKrisimasi yechiKaturike, uye musi waJanuary 7, maererano neOrthodoxy . . . Kune vamwe, zviri pachena kuti zvinoreva Krisimasi muchitendero hazvisizvo zvinonyanya kukosha asi mukana wokufara ndiwo unokosha.” *

 Kupemberera Kwemazuva Ano Kunokudza Kristu Chaizvoizvo Here?

Zviri pachena kuti zvakawanda zvinoitwa panguva yezororo racho hazvifadzi Mwari. Sezvo izvi zvichivhiringidza, vamwe vanganzwa sokuti vanofanira kuchengeta mhemberero idzi vachida kukudza Mwari naKristu. Kuda kufadza Mwari chinhu chakanaka. Asi Mwari naKristu vanofadzwa chaizvoizvo nenguva yeKrisimasi here? Funga nezvematangire ayakaita.

Somuenzaniso, pasinei nemaonero omumwe munhu nezvemaitirwo eKrisimasi muSoviet, zvaizova zvakaoma kusabvumirana nezvinotaurwa munhau dzakaitika zviri muGreat Soviet Encyclopedia, zvokuti: “Krisimasi . . . yakatorwa kubva pakunamatwa kwavanamwari ‘vaifa uye vaimutswa kubva kuvakafa’ kwaiitwa chiKristu chisati chatanga, kwakanga kwakanyanya kukurumbira pakati pemarudzi airima ayo gore negore aipemberera ‘kuzvarwa’ kwaMwari Muponesi anodzorera upenyu, munguva yokubuda kwezuva muchando kubvira musi waDecember 21-25.”

Ungawana zvinotaurwa neenisaikoropedhiya yacho zviine musoro, zvokuti: “VaKristu vomumazana emakore okutanga havana kuchengeta Krisimasi. . . . Kubva pakati pezana remakore rechina, vaKristu vakanyatsonyura mukupemberera kubuda kwezuva munguva yechando vachinamata Mithra, vachichinja mhemberero yacho kuti ive yeKrisimasi. Nzanga dzechitendero dzokuRome ndidzo dzakatanga kupemberera Krisimasi. Muzana remakore rechigumi, Krisimasi pamwe chete nechiKristu zvakasvika kuRussia, kwayakabva yabatana nemhemberero dzomuchando dzevaSlav vekare, dzokukudza midzimu yemadzitateguru.”

Ungabvunza kuti, ‘Shoko raMwari Bhaibheri, rinoti chii nezvokuzvarwa kwaJesu musi waDecember 25?’ Chaizvoizvo, Bhaibheri haritauri musi chaiwo wokuzvarwa kwaJesu, uye hapana zvakanyorwa zvinoratidza kuti Jesu pachake akambotaura nezvawo, kana kurayira kuti uchengetwe. Zvisinei, Bhaibheri rinotibatsira kuti tizive nguva yegore yakazvarwa Jesu.

Maererano neEvhangeri yaMateu, zvitsauko 26 ne27, Jesu akaurayiwa musi waNisani 14, manheru ezuva rePaseka yechiJudha iyo yakanga yatanga musi waMarch 31, 33 C.E. Tinodzidza muEvhangeri yaRuka kuti Jesu akanga ava nemakore anenge 30 paakabhabhatidzwa ndokutanga ushumiri hwake. (Ruka 3:21-23) Ushumiri ihwohwo hwakanga huri hwemakore matatu nehafu. Naizvozvo, Jesu aiva nemakore anenge 33 1/2 paakafa. Aizodai akasvitsa makore 34 panenge pamusi waOctober 1, 33 C.E. Ruka anotaura kuti panguva yokuzvarwa kwaJesu, vafudzi “vaigara kunze kwemisha vachitarisira mapoka avo ezvipfuwo panguva dzokurinda usiku.” (Ruka 2:8) Vafudzi vaisazova nemapoka avo kunze muchando chomuna December, panguva ingatoita sinou munharaunda yeBhetrehema. Asi vangangove vaivako nemapoka avo unenge musi waOctober 1, unova ndiwo musi wakazvarwa Jesu, maererano nouchapupu huripo.

Zvisinei, zvakadini nokupemberera Gore Idzva? Sezvataona, kwakazara netsika dzakaipa.  Pasinei nokuedza kuita kuti kupemberera kwacho kusava kwechitendero, matangiro akwo anomutsa mubvunzo.

Zviri pachena kuti maererano nouchapupu hune chokuita nenguva yezororo racho, mashoko akadai sookuti, kuti zororo rino rivepo ndiJesu haana zvaanoreva. Kana usingafadzwi nezvokutengeserana uye mufambiro unovhiringidza une chokuita nenguva yeKrisimasi, pamwe chete nemavambo ayo echihedheni, usaore mwoyo. Pane nzira yakakodzera yatinogona kunyatsoremekedza nayo Mwari uye kukudza Kristu, tichisimbisawo ukama hwemhuri.

 Nzira Iri Nani Yokukudza Nayo Mwari naKristu

Bhaibheri rinotiudza kuti Jesu Kristu akauya ‘kuzopa mweya wake kuti uve rudzikinuro mukutsinhana nevazhinji.’ (Mateu 20:28) Akabvuma kuurayiwa, achifira zvivi zvedu nokuzvidira. Vamwe vangada kukudza Kristu, vachifunga kuti vanogona kuita kudaro panguva yeKrisimasi. Asi sezvataona, Krisimasi neGore Idzva hazvinei chokuita naKristu uye zvinobva mumhemberero dzechihedheni. Uyewo, pasinei nokuti ingave ichikwezva zvikuru kune vamwe, nguva yeKrisimasi inoitwa zvokutengeserana zvakanyanya. Uyezve, zvinofanira kubvumwa kuti zororo reKrisimasi rine chokuita nomufambiro unonyadzisa usingafadzi Mwari naKristu.

Munhu ari kutsvaka kufadza Mwari anofanira kuita sei? Pane kuti aomerere patsika dzevanhu dzinongoita kuti munhu anzwe ari wechitendero asi dzichipesana neMagwaro, munhu anoda chokwadi anofanira kutsvaka nzira yechokwadi yokukudza nayo Mwari naKristu. Ndeipi iri nzira yechokwadi iyoyo, uye tinofanira kuitei?

Kristu anotiudza kuti: “Kuti vawane upenyu husingaperi, vanofanira kuramba vachiwana zivo pamusoro penyu, imi Mwari wechokwadi chete, uye pamusoro pouya wamakatuma, iye Jesu Kristu.” (Johani 17:3) Zvechokwadi, munhu anonyatsoda chokwadi anoedza kuti awane zivo yakarurama yokukudza kwaangaita Mwari naKristu. Anobva ashandisa zivo iyi, kwete pane imwe nguva yegore chete, asi muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Mwari anofadzwa zvikuru nokuedza kwakadaro kwemwoyo wose, kunogona kuita kuti uwane upenyu husingaperi.

Ungada kuti mhuri yako ive pakati pevaya vanokudza zvechokwadi Mwari naKristu sezvinotaura Magwaro here? Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvabatsira mamiriyoni emhuri mupasi rose kuti awane zivo inokosha inobva muBhaibheri. Tinokukumbira noushamwari kuti ukurukure neZvapupu zvaJehovha zviri kwaunogara kana kuti kuvanyorera pakero yakakodzera pane dziri papeji 2 yemagazini ino.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 7]

Kwakabva Mhemberero yeGore Idzva

Mumongi weOrthodox yokuGeorgia Anotaura Maonero Ake

“Zororo reGore Idzva rakatanga nemazororo akati kuti echihedheni okuRome yekare. Musi waJanuary 1 waiva zororo rakatsaurirwa kuna mwari wechihedheni ainzi Janus, uye zita romwedzi wacho rinobva pazita rake. Zvifananidzo zvaJanus zvaiva nezviso zviviri kumativi akasiyana, izvo zvaireva kuti aiona zvose zvekare nezvanhasi. Zvainzi chero ani zvake aifara, aiseka, uye aidya nokunwa zvakawanda musi waJanuary 1 aizopedza gore rose achifara uye aine utano hwakanaka. Kutenda mashura kwakadaro ndiko kuri kuitwawo pakupemberera gore idzva kunoitwa nevakawanda vomunyika yedu . . . Paiitwa mamwe mazororo akati echihedheni, vanhu vaiunza zvakananga zvibayiro zvavo kuchidhori. Vamwe vaitozivikanwa nemitambo isingadzorwi younzenza, upombwe, noufeve. Dzimwe nguva, somuenzaniso pazororo raJanus, vainyanyisa kudya nokunwa, kudhakwa, uye vaiita zvinhu zvisina kuchena zvemarudzi ose. Kana tikayeuka kuti kare isu pachedu taipemberera sei Gore Idzva, tinofanirawo kubvuma kuti tose zvedu takabatanidzwa mumhemberero iyi yechihedheni.”—Pepanhau rokuGeorgia.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 6]

Chikristudhomu chakanyura mukunamata Mithra

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Museum Wiesbaden

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 7]

Vafudzi vaisazova kunze nemapoka avo muchando chomuna December