Ngationei Zvakaitwa naPauro Murwendo Rwake rwokuBheriya

Basa remamishinari acho maviri rakabudirira zvikuru, uye vanhu vazhinji kwazvo vakava vatendi. Zvadaro mhomho yevanhu yakavamukira. Saka vanhu vakasarudza zvokuita. Nemhaka yeungano yakanga ichangotangwa uye kuti mamishinari achengeteke, vaviri vacho vaizokurumidza kubva, pakati pousiku. Saka Pauro naSirasi vakabva pachiteshi chezvikepe chokuMakedhoniya kuTesaronika munenge muna 50 C.E. Vakabva vaenda kwavaizonoparidza—kuBheriya.

ARI kure, munhu anoshanya mazuva ano kufanana nomufambi wekare, anogona kuona guta reBheriya (Véroia) riri nechokumabvazuva kweGomo rakasvibirira rinonzi Bermios. Guta reBheriya riri makiromita 65 kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweTesaronika uye makiromita 40 mukati kubva kuΑegean Sea. Gomo rinonzi Olympus, riri nechokumaodzanyemba, inzvimbo yavanamwari vakuru vanotaurwa mungano dzomutemberi dzekare dzevaGiriki.

Guta reBheriya rinofarirwa nevadzidzi veBhaibheri nokuti Pauro akaparidza munzvimbo iyi akatendeutsira vakawanda kuchiKristu. (Mabasa 17:10-15) Ngationei zvakaitwa naPauro toongorora zvakanga zvakaita guta racho kare.

Nhoroondo Yekare

Hapana ane chokwadi chokuti guta reBheriya rakatanga kuvapo rini. Vanhu vakatanga kugaramo, zvichida madzinza evaFrijiya, vakadzingwamo nevaMakedhoniya munenge muzana remakore rechinomwe B.C.E. Mazana matatu emakore gare gare, Makedhoniya yakavazve noupfumi hwayo pashure pokukunda kwaAlexander Mukuru. Zvivako zvinoyevedza nemasvingo zvakavakwa, uyewo nzvimbo tsvene dzaZeus, Αrtemis, Αpollo, Αthena, nevamwe vanamwari vevaGiriki.

Rimwe bhuku renhau rinoti kwemazana emakore akapfuura, guta reBheriya “rakaita basa rinokosha munzvimbo yacho nokuchamhembe kweGirisi yose.” Guta racho rakasvika pakukurumbira panguva yaitonga dzinza rokupedzisira revaMakedhoniya, vaΑntigonid (306-168 B.C.E.), vakazokundwa neRoma.

VaRoma pavakakunda Mambo Philip V muna 197 B.C.E., “simba raimbovapo rakakundwa uye Roma ndiyo yakanga yava kutonga kuMediterranean yokumabvazuva,” inodaro Encyclopædia Britannica. Muna 168 B.C.E., mumwe mutungamiriri  weuto reRoma wokuPydna, makiromita anoverengeka nechokumaodzanyemba kweBheriya, akakunda zvisina kana mubvunzo mutongi wokupedzisira weMakedhoniya ainzi Perseus. Sezvakafanotaurwa muuprofita hweBhaibheri, simba renyika reGirisi rakanga ratsiviwa neRoma. (Dhanieri 7:6, 7, 23) Hondo yacho yapera, guta reBheriya rakava rimwe remaguta okutanga eMakedhoniya rakakundwa neRoma.

Muzana remakore rokutanga B.C.E., Makedhoniya yakava nzvimbo yairwirwa hondo pairwisana Pompey naJulius Caesar. Kutaura zvazviri, Pompey akaisa muzinda wake neuto rake muBheriya.

Kubudirira vaRoma Pavakanga Vachitonga

Panguva yePax Romana, kana kuti yoRunyararo rweRoma, vanhu vaishanya kuBheriya vaiona migwagwa yakagadzirwa nematombo yaiva nemasvingo kumativi. Guta racho raiva nemadziva aigezerwa nevanhu vose, dzimba dzemitambo, maraibhurari, uye zvivako zvaiitirwa mitambo yokuurayana. Guta racho raiva nemapaipi aifambisa mvura yokunwa nemapaipi aifambisa tsvina. Guta reBheriya rakawedzera kukurumbira senzvimbo yezvokutengeserana yaishanyirwa nevatengesi, vanyori vemifananidzo, vatambi, uyewo vanhu vaiuya kuzoona mitambo nezvimwe zviitiko. Vanhu vokune dzimwe nyika vaiwana nzvimbo dzokunamatira kwavaigona kuita tsika dzezvitendero zvavo. Chokwadi, muguta iri, mapoka ezvitendero zveRoma yose aiungana akasangana.

Madzimambo eRoma ainamatwa afa aiva pakati pavanamwari vainamatwa muBheriya.  Izvozvo zvingave zvaisashamisa vaBheriya nokuti chakakonzera kunamata mambo kwaiva kunamata Αlexander Mukuru, ainamatwa samwari. Rimwe bhuku rechiGiriki rinoti: “Zvavakanga vakajaira kukudza mambo samwari munguva yokutonga kwake, vaGiriki vomuUmambo hwokumabvazuva vaifarira kunamatawo madzimambo eRoma . . . Pamari yavo yesimbi zvaiita sokuti mambo ainamatwa, akapfeka korona yakajeka. Vaimurumbidza neminyengetero sezvinoitwa mwari, nenziyo.” Atari netemberi zvaivakwa, uye aipiwa zvibayiro. Kunyange madzimambo aiuya kuzopinda mitambo yechitendero, yaisanganisira makwikwi okumhanya, okunyora mifananidzo uye okunyora mabhuku.

Nei guta reBheriya raiva musimboti wokunamata kwechihedheni? Nokuti muguta racho ndimo maigara vaKoinon vokuMakedhoniya. Ndimo maiunganira nhume dzaibva kumaguta eMakedhoniya. Nhume idzi dzaigara dzichiungana muBheriya kuti dzikurukure nyaya dzeguta racho uye dzeruwa uye dzaikurukura dziri pasi pevaRoma. Basa guru raiitwa nevaKoinon raiva rokutarisira mhemberero dzaiva nechokuita namambo.

Izvi ndizvo zvaiva zvakaita guta rakaenda Pauro naSirasi pashure pokunge vabva muTesaronika. Panguva iyoyo, guta reBheriya rakanga richidzorwa neRoma kwemazana maviri emakore.

Mashoko Akanaka Anosvika kuBheriya

Pauro akatanga kuparidzira muBheriya musinagogi yeguta racho. Akagamuchirwa sei? Nhoroondo yakafuridzirwa inoti vaJudha vaiva ikoko “vakanga vaine pfungwa dzakanaka kupfuura vaya vokuTesaronika, nokuti vakagamuchira shoko nepfungwa dzinoda kwazvo, vachinyatsoongorora Magwaro zuva nezuva kana zvinhu izvi zvakanga zvakadaro.” (Mabasa 17:10, 11) Zvavakanga “vaine pfungwa dzakanaka,” havana kuomerera patsika dzavo. Kunyange zvazvo vainzwa zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva, havana kumufungira zvakaipa kana kuti kumugumbukira. Pane kuramba shoko raPauro, vakateerera, vakazvipa mukana wokunzwa zvaaiparidza uye vaizviita vakasununguka vasingasaruri.

VaJudha ivavo vaigona sei kuziva kuti zvaidzidziswa naPauro zvaiva zvechokwadi? Vaiongorora zvavainge vanzwa nokushandisa chimwe chinhu chavaivimba nacho zvikuru. Vainyatsoshingaira kuongorora Magwaro. Nyanzvi yeBhaibheri Matthew Henry yakagumisa kuti: “Sezvo Pauro aitaura navo achishandisa magwaro, uye aivaverengera magwaro eTestamende Yekare kuti apupurire zvaaitaura, vaizovhura maBhaibheri avo, voongorora ndima dziya dzaainge ataura, voverenga mashoko akapoteredza, voona chinangwa  chacho nezvaaireva, voaenzanisa nedzimwe ndima dzemagwaro, voongorora kana zvainge zvataura Pauro zvaiva zvechokwadi uye kana zvainyengetedza, vozosarudza voga zvokuita maererano nezvavainge vawana.”

Uku kwaisava kungodzidza kwechipameso. VaBheriya vaipedza nguva vachishingaira kuramba vachidzidza, vaizviita zuva nezuva, kwete paSabata chete.

Chimbofunga zvakaguma zvaitika. VaJudha vakawanda vaiva muBheriya vakagamuchira shoko vakava vatendi. VaGiriki vanoverengeka, zvichida kusanganisira vamwe vaiva vaJudha vakatendeuka, vakatendawo. Vamwe vakazviona. VaJudha vokuTesaronika pavakazvinzwa, vakakurumidza kuenda kuBheriya “kuti vakurudzire mapoka nokushatirisa mhomho yevanhu.”—Mabasa 17:4, 12, 13.

Pauro akadzingwa muBheriya, asi akaramba achiparidzira ari kumwe. Panguva ino akakwira chikepe chokuAtene. (Mabasa 17:14, 15) Kunyange zvakadaro, aigona kufara kuti nemhaka yebasa rake muBheriya, chiKristu chakanga chatanga munzvimbo iyi. Uye iye zvino chiri kubereka zvibereko.

Chokwadi, muBheriya (Véroia) muchine vanhu vanonyatsoongorora Magwaro kuti vave “nechokwadi nezvinhu zvose” uye vanoda ‘kubatisisa’ zvinhu zvakanaka kwazvo uye zvechokwadi. (1 VaTesaronika 5:21) Ungano mbiri dzeZvapupu zvaJehovha dziri kukura muguta racho dziri kuita basa rokuparidzira sezvaiita Pauro, dzichiudza vamwe shoko reBhaibheri. Vari muungano idzi vari kutsvaka vaya vane mwoyo yakatendeseka uye vari kukurukura navo Magwaro, vachibvumira simba rinokurudzira reBhaibheri kuti ribatsire vose vaya vanoda kuziva Jehovha, Mwari wechokwadi.—VaHebheru 4:12.

[Mepu iri papeji 13]

(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)

Dzimwe nzvimbo dzakafambwa naPauro murwendo rwake rwechipiri rwoumishinari

MISIYA

Troasi

Neaporisi

Firipi

MAKEDHONIYA

Amfiporisi

Tesaronika

Bheriya

GIRISI

Atene

Korinde

AKAYA

EZHIYA

Efeso

RODZI

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 13]

Mari yesimbi ina Alexander Mukuru achiratidzwa samwari wevaGiriki

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Mari: Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 14]

Gedhi rokupinda mudzimba dzevaJudha kuBheriya (Véroia)

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 15]

Sinagogi yekare muBheriya (Véroia) yemazuva ano