Basa Guru raErnst Glück

MAKORE 300 apfuura, mumwe murume ainzi Ernst Glück akaita basa guru kwazvo rave richizezwa nevanhu vakawanda. Akasarudza kushandurira Bhaibheri mumutauro waakanga asingazivi.

Glück anenge akaberekwa mugore ra1654 muguta duku rinonzi Wettin, pedyo nenzvimbo inonzi Halle, kuGermany. Baba vake vaiva pasita wechechi yeLutheran, saka zvaakakurira mumhuri yainamata, Ernst akada kudzidza nezvaMwari achiri muduku. Akapedza kudzidza zvidzidzo zvake zvechitendero muGermany aine makore 21 achibva atamira kunzvimbo yava kunzi Latvia. Panguva iyoyo vanhu vakawanda vaigara munzvimbo iyi vakanga vasina kudzidza, uye mutauro wavo waiva nemabhuku mashoma. Glück akanyora kuti: “Pandakasvika munyika ino ndiri muduku, chinhu chandakatanga kuona muchechi yeLatvia ndechokuti vanhu vacho vakanga vasina Bhaibheri . . . Izvi zvakaita kuti ndisarudze pamberi paMwari kuti ndaizodzidza mutauro uyu kusvikira ndava kunyatsouziva.” Aiva neshungu dzokuita kuti vanhu vokuLativia vave neBhaibheri mumutauro wavo.

Kugadzirira Kushandura

Mazuva iwayo nzvimbo yaigara Glück yainzi Livonia uye yaitongwa neSweden. Johannes Fischer ndiye aimiririra mambo wokuSweden. Aida kusimudzira dzidzo munyika yacho uyewo kuita mari yakawanda. Glück akataura naFischer kuti Bhaibheri rishandurirwe mumutauro weLatvian. Fischer aiva nenzvimbo yokudhindira mabhuku muguta guru reRiga. Kudhinda Bhaibheri mumutauro wevanhu vokuLativia kwaizoita kuti asimudzire dzidzo ukuwo zvichimupa mari yakawanda. Fischer akakumbira Mambo Charles XI  wokuSweden kuti ape mvumo yokuti rishandurwe. Mambo wacho akapa mvumo yokuti basa racho riitwe uye akati aizoritsigira nemari. Musi waAugust 31, 1681 zvakasarudzwa kuti basa rokushandura ritange uye Mambo akazvibvumira.

Panguva iyi, Glück akanga achigadzirira basa racho. Zvaakanga achiziva mutauro weGerman, aigona kudai akashandisa shanduro yaMartin Luther pakushandura Bhaibheri romutauro weLativia. Asi Glück aida kubudisa shanduro yakanaka zvikuru uye akaona zvakakodzera kuti ashandure kubva mumitauro yekare yechiHebheru nechiGiriki. Glück akanga asinganyatsozivi mitauro yakashandiswa pakunyora Bhaibheri, saka akaenda kuHamburg iri kuGermany kuti anodzidza chiHebheru nechiGiriki. Ari ikoko, angangove akabatsirwa nomufundisi wokuLivonia ainzi Jānis Reiters kuziva mutauro wokuLatvia uyewo wechiGiriki chomuBhaibheri.

Makore Okushanda, uye Okumirira

Apedza kudzidza mitauro yacho muna 1680, Glück akadzokera kuLatvia ndokubva ava pasita. Akabva angotanga basa rake rokushandura. Muna 1683, Glück akava pasita mutsva wechechi yainge yakakura yokuAlūksne uye akaitira basa rake rokushandura ikoko.

Panguva iyoyo, mutauro wokuLatvia wakanga usina mashoko anoshandura mamwe mashoko uye dzimwe pfungwa zvomuBhaibheri. Saka Glück akashandisa mamwe mashoko echiGerman mushanduro yake. Asi akaita zvose zvaaigona kuti ashandurire Shoko raMwari mumutauro wokuLatvia, uye nyanzvi dzinobvumirana kuti shanduro yake ndeyemhando yepamusoro-soro. Glück akatoumba mashoko matsva, uye mamwe emashoko ake akawanda ava kushandiswa chaizvo mumutauro wokuLatvia. Mamwe acho ndeanoti “muenzaniso,” “mabiko,” “hofori,” “kusora,” uye “kupupurira.”

Johannes Fischer airamba achiudza mambo wokuSweden nezvokufambira mberi kwebasa rokushandura, uye tsamba dzavainyorerana dzinoratidza kuti pakazosvika 1683, Glück akanga ashandura Magwaro echiKristu echiGiriki. Akapedza Bhaibheri rose muna 1689, izvi zvakabva zvagumisa basa rake guru raakaita mumakore masere chete. * Zvakatora nguva huru Bhaibheri rake risati radhindwa, asi muna 1694 zvaaivavarira zvakaitika—hurumende yakabvumira kuti Bhaibheri romutauro weLatvia riparadzirwe kuvanhu.

 Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika kare havana chokwadi kana Glück akashandura oga Bhaibheri rake. Hapana mubvunzo kuti akatarirawo shanduro yaLuther uye kuti akakopawo dzimwe ndima muBhaibheri rakanga ragara riripo romutauro weLatvia. Zvisinei, ndima dzaakakopa dzaiva shomanana. Akashanda nevamwe vashanduri here? Glück aiva nomumwe munhu aimubatsira paaishandura, uye vamwe vakamubatsira nokuverenga uye kuongorora kururama kwezvaaishandura. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvinoita sokuti vanhu ava vaingobatsira chete asi vakanga vasingashanduri. Saka kunenge kuti Glück ndiye akaita basa rose rokushandura.

Bhaibheri raGlück rakabatsira zvikuru pakufambira mberi kwemanyorerwo omutauro wokuLatvia. Kunze kweizvozvo, pane chimwe chinhu chinokosha zvikuru charakabatsira. Iye zvino vanhu vokuLatvia vakanga vava kukwanisa kuverenga Shoko raMwari mururimi rwaamai vavo uye kushandisa dzidziso dzaro dzinopa upenyu. Havana kumbokanganwa zvavakaitirwa naErnst Glück. Kwemakore anodarika 300, vanhu vokuAlūksne vave vachichengeta miti miviri yemioak inonzi Glika ozoli kana kuti mioak yaGlück. Glück akaisima kuti izoyeuchidza vanhu nezveBhaibheri romutauro weLatvia. MuAlūksne mune miziyamu duku ine shanduro dzakasiyana-siyana dzemaBhaibheri, kusanganisirawo shanduro yaGlück yaakatanga kudhinda. Mucherechedzo weguta reAlūksne unoratidza Bhaibheri racho uyewo negore ra1689 Glück paakapedza basa rake.

Zvimwe Zvaakazoita

Achangosvika muLatvia, Glück akatanga kudzidza mutauro wokuRussia. Muna 1699 akanyora kuti akanga achizadzika chimwe chido chake chokushandurira Bhaibheri mumutauro iwoyo. Mutsamba yaakanyora mugore ra1702, akati akanga ava kudzokorora Bhaibheri romutauro wokuLatvia. Asi mamiriro ezvinhu aisimudzira kushandurwa kweBhaibheri akanga ava kupera. Pashure pemakore akawanda orugare, hondo yakagundika muLatvia. Muna 1702 mauto okuRussia akakunda nyika yeSweden ndokutora Alūksne. Glück nemhuri yake vakaendeswa kuRussia. * Munguva yakaoma iyi, zvimwe zvakanga zvanyorwa naGlück paaidzokorora Bhaibheri rake idzva romutauro weLatvia uye zveshanduro yake mumutauro weRussia zvakarasika. Akafira muMoscow muna 1705.

Chokwadi kwaiva kurasikirwa kukuru pakatsakatika shanduro idzodzo dzomutauro weLatvia neRussia. Asi nanhasi munhu wose anoverenga Bhaibheri romutauro weLativia anobatsirwa neshanduro yekare yaGlück.

Ernst Glück anongova munhu mumwe chete pane vakawanda vakaita basa guru rokushandura Bhaibheri mumitauro yakawanda. Pamusana peizvi vanenge vanhu vose panyika vanogona kuverenga Shoko raMwari mumitauro yavo vowana chokwadi chinokosha. Kutaura zvazviri, pachishandiswa shanduro dzeBhaibheri dzinodarika 2 000, Jehovha ari kuramba achizivikanwa nevanhu kwose kwose.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 13]

Shanduro yaGlück

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 14]

Zvapupu zvaJehovha zviri kudzidzisa Bhaibheri muguta rakaitira Glück basa rake rokushandura