ChiKristu Chinopinda muAsia Minor

MAKORE anenge 1 900 akapfuura, ungano dzevaKristu dzakatanga kuwanda muAsia Minor (zvino yava Turkey). VaJudha vakawanda neVemamwe Marudzi vakagamuchira zvaiparidzwa nevaKristu. Rimwe duramazwi reBhaibheri rinoti: “Kunze kweSiriya neParestina, muAsia Minor ndimo makatanga sangano revaKristu uye rikanyanya kukura.”

Tinogona kunzwisisa zvakazara kupararira kwechiKristu mudunhu iri nokubatanidza mashoko anobva kwakasiyana-siyana. Ngationei kuti tingabatsirwa sei nokuongorora mashoko aripo.

VaKristu Vokutanga muAsia Minor

Chiitiko chokutanga chinokosha mukupararira kwechiKristu muAsia Minor chakaitika paPendekosti ya33 C.E. apo vanhu vemitauro yakasiyana-siyana vaisanganisira vaJudha vaigara kunze kweParestina nevanhu vakanga vatendeukira kuchiJudha vakaungana muJerusarema. Vaapostora vaJesu vakaparidza mashoko akanaka kuvashanyi ava. Nhoroondo inotaura kuti vanhu vakasiyana-siyana vakanga vabva kuKapadhokiya, Pontasi, ruwa rweEzhiya, Frijiya nePamfiriya—nzvimbo dzaiumba chikamu chikuru cheAsia Minor. Vateereri vanoda kusvika 3 000 vakagamuchira chiKristu uye vakabhabhatidzwa. Pavakadzokera kumusha, vakaenda nechitendero chavo chitsva.—Mabasa 2:5-11, 41.

Tinowana mamwe mashoko munhoroondo yeBhaibheri inotaura nezvokufamba kwomuapostora Pauro muAsia Minor ari pabasa roumishinari. Parwendo rwake rwokutanga munenge muna 47/48 C.E., Pauro akafamba nechikepe nevamwe vake kubva kuKupro kuenda kuAsia Minor, vachinoburuka kuPega muPamfiriya. Muguta reAndiyoki muPisidhiya, kubudirira kwokuparidza kwavo kwakaita kuti vaJudha vanzwe shanje uye vavanetse. Pauro paakaenda nechokumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweIkoniyumu, vamwe vaJudha vakaronga kuvaitira utsinye. Pakutanga, vanachindoendawo vomuRistra vakamboti Pauro ndimwari. Asi pakasvika vaJudha vainetsa vakabva kuAndiyoki neIkoniyumu, boka revanhu ivavo rakatanga kutema Pauro nematombo richimuita kafiramberi! Pashure paizvozvo, Pauro naBhanabhasi vakapfuurira norwendo rwavo vachienda kuDhebhe muruwa  rweGaratiya rwaitongwa nevaRoma, kune vanhu vaitaura mutauro wokuRikaoniya. Ungano dzakatangwa, uye vakuru vakagadzwa. Unogona kuona kuti makore 15 pashure pePendekosti ya33 C.E., chiKristu chakanga chadzika midzi muAsia Minor.—Mabasa 13:13–14:26.

Parwendo rwake rwechipiri munenge muna 49/52 C.E., boka raPauro rakatanga kuenda kuRistra, zvichida richipfuura nokumusha kwake kuTaso kuKirikiya. Pashure pokushanyirazve hama dzokuRistra, vakaenda kuchamhembe uko Pauro akaedza “kutaura shoko” muruwa rweBhitiniya neEzhiya. Zvisinei, mudzimu mutsvene wakaramba. Nzvimbo idzodzo dzaizoparidzirwa pave paya. Nokudaro, Mwari akatungamirira Pauro kuenda kuTroasi iri kugungwa achipfuura nomunzvimbo dziri kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweAsia Minor. Pane zvaakaratidzwa, Pauro akanzi anozivisa mashoko akanaka kuEurope.—Mabasa 16:1-12; 22:3.

Parwendo rwaPauro rwechitatu rwoumishinari, munenge muna 52 kusvika muna 56 C.E., akafamba muAsia Minor, achisvika kuEfeso,  guta raikosha romuAsia raiva nechiteshi chengarava. Akanga ambokusvika ava kudzoka parwendo rwake rwechipiri. Muguta iroro maiva neboka revaKristu vakanga vachishingaira uye Pauro nevamwe vake vakagara navo kweanenge makore matatu. Nguva iyoyo yakanga yakaoma uye iine ngozi, uye pakavawo nemhirizhonga yakakonzerwa nemhizha dzomuEfeso dzaidzivirira mabasa adzo aipa mari okugadzira zvinhu zvaishandiswa muzvitendero.—Mabasa 18:19-26; 19:1, 8-41; 20:31.

Zviri pachena kuti basa roumishinari rakaitirwa muEfeso rakasvika kure. Mabasa 19:10 inoti: “Vose vaigara muruwa rweEzhiya vakanzwa shoko raShe, vaJudha nevaGiriki.”

Kubudirira muAsia Minor

Ava kuda kubva kuEfeso, Pauro akanyorera vaKorinde achiti: “Ungano dzeEzhiya dzinokukwazisai.” (1 VaKorinde 16:19) Pauro aireva ungano dzipi? Dzingangodaro dzaiva kuKorose, Raodhikiya, neHiraporisi. (VaKorose 4:12-16) Bhuku rinonzi Paul—His Story rinoti: “Zvinenge zvine musoro kutaura kuti vanhu vakatanga kugara kuSimina, Pegamo, Sadhisi neFiradhefiya nemhaka youmishinari hwaPauro ari muEfeso. . . . Nzvimbo dzose idzi dzaiva dziri kure neEfeso neanenge makiromita 192 uye dzaibatanidzwa nemigwagwa yaiva yakanaka zvikuru.”

Nokudaro makore anenge 20 pashure pePendekosti ya33 C.E., ungano dzakawanda dzevaKristu dzakanga dzavako kumaodzanyemba nokumadokero kweAsia Minor. Zvakadii nokune mamwe matunhu aiva akapoteredza?

Vakanyorerwa Tsamba naPetro

Muapostora Petro akanyora tsamba yake yokutanga yakafemerwa papera makore akati, munenge muna 62 kusvika muna 64 C.E., ichienda kuvaKristu vaiva kuPontasi, Garatiya, Kapadhokiya, Ezhiya neBhitiniya. Tsamba yaPetro inoratidza kuti kungangodaro kwaiva neungano dzevaKristu munzvimbo idzi, dzine vakuru vakarayirwa kuti “fudzai boka.” Ungano idzi dzakanga dzatangwa rini?—1 Petro 1:1; 5:1-3.

Dzimwe nharaunda dzaigara vanhu vakanyorerwa  tsamba naPetro dzakadai seEzhiya neGaratiya, dzakanga dzamboparidzirwa naPauro. Zvisinei, akanga asina kuparidzira muKapadhokiya kana kuti Bhitiniya. Bhaibheri haritiudzi kuti chiKristu chakapararira sei kumatunhu aya, asi kunenge kuburikidza nevaJudha kana kuti vakatendeukira kuchiJudha vaiva paPendekosti ya33 C.E. vakazodzokera kumusha. Pasinei naizvozvo, anoda kusvika makore 30 Pendekosti yaitwa Petro paakanyora tsamba dzake, zvaiva pachena kuti kwaiva neungano “dzaiva dzakapararira muAsia Minor yose,” sezvinotaurwa neimwe nyanzvi.

Ungano Nomwe Dzomuna Zvakazarurwa

Kumukira kwakaitwa nevaJudha kwakaita kuti vaRoma vaparadze Jerusarema muna 70 C.E. Zvingangodaro kuti vamwe vaKristu vechiJudha vakapedzisira vava kugara kuAsia Minor. *

Zana remakore rokutanga rava kunopera, Jesu Kristu akanyora tsamba kuungano nomwe dzaiva kuAsia Minor achishandisa muapostora Johani. Tsamba idzi dzaienda kuungano dzaiva kuEfeso, Simina, Pegamo, Tiyatira, Sadhisi, Firadhefiya neRaodhikiya, dzinoratidza kuti vaKristu vaiva muchikamu ichi cheAsia Minor vakanga vachisangana nengozi dzakadai sokusava netsika, kuita mapoka uye kutsauka pakunamata.—Zvakazarurwa 1:9, 11; 2:14, 15, 20.

Basa Risina Mbiri, Remwoyo Wose

Zviri pachena kuti kupararira kwechiKristu chomuzana remakore rokutanga kunopfuura zvatinoverenga mubhuku reMabasa eVaapostora. Vaapostora vainyanya kuzivikanwa ndiPetro naPauro, vakaita zvinhu zvinotsanangurwa mubhuku reMabasa, asi vamwe gumi nefararira vakanga vachiparidzawo kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Kubudirira kwakaitika muAsia Minor kunotsigira kuti vaKristu vokutanga vakateerera murayiro waJesu wokuti: “Naizvozvo endai munoita kuti vanhu vemarudzi ose vave vadzidzi.”—Mateu 28:19, 20.

Nanhasiwo, mabasa mashomanana chete okutendeka akaitwa neZvapupu zvaJehovha pasi rose anozivikanwa nehama dzomunyika yose. Kufanana nevaparidzi vakawanda vakatendeka vokuAsia Minor yomuzana remakore rokutanga, ruzhinji rwevaparidzi vemashoko akanaka mazuva ano haruzivikanwi. Asi vanonakidzwawo noupenyu hwakabatikana, hwakakomborerwa, uye vanogutsikana nokuziva kuti vari kuzvipira kuti vaponese vamwe.—1 Timoti 2:3-6.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Bhokisi riri papeji 11]

KUTANGA KWECHIKRISTU MUBHITINIYA NEPONTASI

Ruwa rwakabatanidzwa rweBhitiniya nePontasi rwaiva paMhenderekedzo yeGungwa Dema kuAsia Minor. Zvakawanda zvoupenyu hwomuruwa urwu zvinozivikanwa kubva mune zvakanyorerwa Mutongi wokuRoma ainzi Trajan naPliny Muduku aiva mumwe wevakuru vakuru vacho.

Papera makore 50 tsamba dzaPetro dzatenderera muungano dzaiva munzvimbo iyi, Pliny akakumbira mazano kuna Trajan kuti oita sei nevaKristu. Pliny akanyora achiti, “Handina kumbovapo paitongwa vaKristu. Nokudaro, handizivi kuti vangarangwa zvakadini. Vanhu vakawanda vemazera akasiyana-siyana, varombo nevapfumi, varume nevakadzi, vari kuuya kuzotongwa uye izvi zvinenge zvicharamba zvichiitika. Hamusi mumaguta chete, asiwo kumamisha nokumatunhu okumaruwa kwazadzwa nekasangano aka kanosvota.”

[Dhayagiramu/Mepu iri papeji 9]

(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)

NZENDO DZAPAURO

Rwendo Rwokutanga Rwoumishinari

KUPRO

PAMFIRIYA

Pega

Andiyoki (yePisidhiya)

Ikoniyumu

Ristra

Dhebhe

Rwendo Rwechipiri Rwoumishinari

KIRIKIYA

Taso

Dhebhe

Ristra

Ikoniyumu

Andiyoki (yePisidhiya)

FRIJIYA

GARATIYA

Troasi

Rwendo Rwechitatu Rwoumishinari

KIRIKIYA

Taso

Dhebhe

Ristra

Ikoniyumu

Andiyoki (yePisidhiya)

Efeso

EZHIYA

Troasi

[Ungano nomwe]

Pegamo

Tiyatira

Sadhisi

Simina

Efeso

Firadhefiya

Raodhikiya

[Dzimwe nzvimbo]

Hiraporisi

Korose

RIKIYA

BHITINIYA

PONTASI

KAPADHOKIYA

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 9]

Andiyoki

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 9]

Troasi

[Kwazvakatorwa]

© 2003 BiblePlaces.com

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 10]

Nzvimbo yemitambo muEfeso.—Mabasa 19:29

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 10]

Muzinda weatari yaZeusi muPegamo. VaKristu vomuguta iri vaigara kwaiva ne“chigaro choumambo chaSatani.”—Zvakazarurwa 2:13

[Kwazvakatorwa]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.