Ruka—Mushandi Anodiwa

RAIVA gore ra65 C.E. Nzvimbo yacho yaiva Roma. Ruka aiziva kuti zvaiva nengozi kutaura kuti akanga ari shamwari yomuapostora Pauro, uyo akanga ari kutongerwa kutenda kwake panguva iyoyo. Zvaiita sokuti Pauro aizotongerwa rufu. Asi panguva iyoyo yakaoma, Ruka chete ndiye aiva nomuapostora wacho.—2 Timoti 4:6, 11.

Zita rokuti Ruka rakajairika kune vanoverenga Bhaibheri nokuti Evhangeri yaakanyora ine zita rake. Ruka akafamba nzendo refu naPauro, uyo akamudana kuti “chiremba anodiwa” uye ‘mushandi pamwe chete neni.’ (VaKorose 4:14; Firimoni 24) Magwaro haatauri zvakawanda nezvaRuka, asi anongotaura zita rake katatu chete. Zvisinei, sezvauongorora zvakatsvakurudzwa nezvaRuka, ungangokoshesawo muKristu uyu akatendeka, sezvaiita Pauro.

Munyori Uye Mumishinari

Sezvo Evhangeri yaRuka uye bhuku reMabasa Evaapostora zvakanyorerwa Tiyofiro, tinogona kugumisa kuti Ruka ndiye akanyora magwaro aya akafuridzirwa naMwari. (Ruka 1:3; Mabasa 1:1) Ruka haatauri kuti aivapo Jesu Kristu paaiita ushumiri hwake. Asi anoti akaudzwa mamwe mashoko nevanhu vakaona zvichiitika uye “akatsvaka zvinhu zvose nenzira yakarurama.” (Ruka 1:1-3) Saka angangodaro akava muteveri waKristu pashure pePendekosti ya33 C.E.

Vamwe vanofungidzira kuti Ruka aibva kuAndiyoki yokuSiriya. Vanoti bhuku reMabasa rinodonongodza zvose zvakaitika muguta iroro uye rinotaura nezvomumwe we“varume vanomwe vanopupurirwa” richiti “mutendeuki wokuAndiyoki,” asi haritauri nezvemaguta evamwe vacho vatanhatu. Chokwadi, hatingati izvi zvinoratidza kuti Andiyoki ndiro guta rokumusha kwaRuka.—Mabasa 6:3-6.

Kunyange zvazvo Ruka asingataurwi nezita mubhuku reMabasa, dzimwe ndima dzine zvisazitasingwi zvokuti “isu,” “zvedu,” uye “ti-” kuratidza kuti aiitawo zvimwe zvinorondedzerwa mubhuku racho. Ruka paanotaura nezvenzira yakafamba Pauro neshamwari dzake vachipfuura nomuAsia Minor, anoti: “Vakapfuura pedyo neMisiya vakaburukira kuTroasi.” Pauro paaiva kuTroasi akaratidzwa mumwe murume wokuMakedhoniya uyo akateterera kuti: “Yambukirai kuMakedhoniya mutibatsire.” Ruka anowedzera kuti: “Nokukurumidza pashure pokunge aona chiratidzo chacho, takatsvaka kuenda kuMakedhoniya.” (Mabasa 16:8-10) Kutaura kuti “taka-” pane kuti “vaka-” kunoratidza kuti Ruka akazobatana neboka raPauro muTroasi. Anonyora kuti: “Nezuva resabata takabuda kunze kwegedhi pedyo norwizi, pataifunga kuti paiva nenzvimbo yokunyengeterera; uye takagara pasi, tikatanga kutaura nevakadzi vakanga vaungana.” Zvakazoguma nokuti Ridhiya nevose vemhuri yake vakagamuchira mashoko akanaka ndokubhabhatidzwa.—Mabasa 16:11-15.

 MuFiripi, Pauro paakaporesa mushandikadzi aiita zvokufembera aiva ne“dhimoni rokushopera,” vakarwiswa zvikuru. Vanatenzi vake pavakaona kuti tariro yavo yokupfuma yakanga yabva, vakabata Pauro naSirasi vakavarova ndokuvaisa mujeri. Zviri pachena kuti Ruka haana kusungwa, nokuti anorondedzera zvakaitika kushamwari dzake achiratidza kuti akanga asipo. Pavakasunungurwa, Pauro naSirasi ‘vakakurudzira hama, vakabva vaenda.’ Ruka anozotanga kunyora achizvibatanidza Pauro paanodzokera kuFiripi pave paya. (Mabasa 16:16-40; 20:5, 6) Zvichida Ruka akanga asara kuFiripi kuti atarisire basa raiitwa ikoko.

Kuwana Mashoko

Ruka akawana sei mashoko aakanyora muEvhangeri yake uye mubhuku reMabasa? Zvikamu zveMabasa zvakanyorwa naRuka achizvibatanidza zvinoratidza kuti akaperekedza Pauro kubva kuFiripi kuenda kuJerusarema, kwakazonosungirwa muapostora wacho zvakare. Vari munzira, Pauro nevaaifamba navo vakambogara nomuevhangeri Firipi kuKesariya. (Mabasa 20:6; 21:1-17) Ruka angadaro akaudzwa naFiripi mashoko ezvemabasa oumishinari aiitwa muSamariya aakazonyora munhoroondo yake, sezvo Firipi akanga atungamirira basa rokuparidza ikoko. (Mabasa 8:4-25) Asi ndivaaani vamwe vakamuudza zvaakanyora?

Makore maviri akanga akasungwa Pauro muKesariya angangodaro akapa Ruka mukana wokutsvakurudza mashoko aaizonyora munhoroondo yake yeEvhangeri. Jerusarema rakanga risiri kure zvokuti aigona kunotsvaka mashoko ezvedzinza raJesu. Ruka akanyora zvakawanda zvakaitika muupenyu hwaJesu noushumiri hwake zvinongowanikwa muEvhangeri yake chete. Imwe nyanzvi inotaura nezvezvikamu 82 zvakadaro.

Ruka angadaro akaudzwa nezvokuberekwa kwaJohani naErizabheti, amai vaJohani Mubhabhatidzi. Angadaro akawana mamwe mashoko ezvokuberekwa kwaJesu noupenyu hwake achiri muduku kuna Mariya, amai vaJesu. (Ruka 1:5-80) Pamwe Petro, Jakobho kana kuti Johani ndivo vakaudza Ruka nezvechishamiso chokubata hove. (Ruka 5:4-10) MuEvhangeri yaRuka ndimo chete munotaurwa nezvemimwe mifananidzo yaJesu,  yakadai seyomuSamariya aiva noushamwari, suo rakamanikana, drakema rakanga rarasika, mwanakomana anopambadza, uye mupfumi naRazaro.—Ruka 10:29-37; 13:23, 24; 15:8-32; 16:19-31.

Ruka aifarira vanhu zvechokwadi. Akanyora nezvechibayiro chaMariya chokuchenesa, kumutswa kwomwanakomana wechirikadzi, uye kuzora mafuta tsoka dzaJesu kwakaitwa nomumwe mukadzi. Ruka anotaura nezvevakadzi vaishumira Kristu uye anotiudza kuti Marita naMariya vakamukoka kumba kwavo. Evhangeri yaRuka inorondedzera nezvokuporeswa kwomumwe mukadzi akanga akakokonyara uye nezvomurume aiva norukandwe pamwe chete nokucheneswa kwakaitwa vanhu gumi vaiva nemaperembudzi. Ruka anotiudza nezvaZakeyo mupfupi, akakwira mumuti kuti aone Jesu, uye anonyora nezvokupfidza kwakaita mumwe muiti wezvakaipa akaroverwa pamwe chete naKristu.—Ruka 2:24; 7:11-17, 36-50; 8:2, 3; 10:38-42; 13:10-17; 14:1-6; 17:11-19; 19:1-10; 23:39-43.

Zviri pachena kuti Evhangeri yaRuka inotaura nezvokuporeswa kweronda nomuSamariya aiva noushamwari womumufananidzo waJesu. Sezvo Ruka aiva chiremba, anonyora zvakarondedzerwa naJesu nezvokurapa kwakaitwa, kusanganisira kuti waini yakashandiswa somushonga unouraya utachiona, mafuta akashandiswa kuti anyorovese, uye pakusunga maronda acho.—Ruka 10:30-37.

Shamwari Yomusungwa

Ruka aiva nehanya nomuapostora Pauro. Pauro paaiva akasungwa ari kuKesariya, gavhuna weRoma Ferikisi akarayira kuti ‘chero ani zvake wevanhu vaPauro arege kumushumira.’ (Mabasa 24:23) Ruka angangodaro aiva mumwe wevashumiri ivavo vaitaurwa. Sezvo Pauro aimbonetseka noutano, “chiremba anodiwa” angadaro aimutarisira, riri rimwe remabasa aaida kuitirwa.—VaKorose 4:14; VaGaratiya 4:13.

Muapostora Pauro paakakwidza nyaya yake kuna Kesari, akabva aendeswa kuRoma naFesto, gavhuna weko. Ruka akaperekedza musungwa wacho parwendo rwakareba rwokuItari uye akanyora nhoroondo yakajeka yezvokuputsika kwakaita ngarava yavo. (Mabasa 24:27; 25:9-12; 27:1, 9-44) Paaiva akasungwa asingabvumirwi kubuda paaigara kuRoma, Pauro akanyora tsamba dzakawanda dzakafuridzirwa, achitaura nezvaRuka mumbiri dzacho. (Mabasa 28:30; VaKorose 4:14; Firimoni 24) Ruka anofanira kunge akanyora bhuku reMabasa mumakore maviri aya.

Vanhu vokuRoma kwaigara Pauro vanofanira kunge vainamata chaizvo. Ikoko Ruka angadaro akaonana nevamwe vaishanda naPauro vaiti Tikiko, Aristako, Mako, Justo, Epafrasi, uye Onesimo.—VaKorose 4:7-14.

Muapostora Pauro paakanga asungwa kechipiri, ava kuona sokuti akanga ava kufa, akatsigirwa naRuka aiva akavimbika uye akashinga, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vakanga vamusiya. Ruka angadaro aizviisa pangozi yokuzosungwawo. Zvichida ndiye akanyora mashoko aPauro okuti: “Ruka oga ndiye aneni.” Sezvavaiita mutsika yavo, Pauro akabva angogurwa musoro.—2 Timoti 4:6-8, 11, 16.

Ruka aizvipira uye aizvininipisa. Haana kushamisira nedzidzo yake kana kuda kuonererwa. Chokwadi angadaro akava chiremba, asi akasarudza kutsigira zvinhu zvine chokuita noUmambo. Sezvakaitwa naRuka, ngatizvipirei kuzivisa mashoko akanaka uye tishande kuti Jehovha akudzwe.—Ruka 12:31.

[Bhokisi riri papeji 19]

TIYOFIRO AIVA ANI?

Ruka akanyorera Tiyofiro Evhangeri ine zita rake uye bhuku reMabasa Evaapostora. MuEvhangeri iyi, murume uyu anonzi a“noremekedzwa kwazvo Tiyofiro.” (Ruka 1:3) Mashoko okuti a“noremekedzwa kwazvo” aishandiswa kureva munhu akakurumbira ane pfuma yakawanda uye vakuru vakuru vehurumende yeRoma. Muapostora Pauro akataura mashoko iwayo achireva Festo, gavhuna weJudhiya wokuRoma.—Mabasa 26:25.

Zviri pachena kuti Tiyofiro akanga anzwa nezvaJesu uye akanga azvifarira. Ruka aitarisira kuti nhoroondo yake yeEvhangeri iite kuti Tiyofiro ‘azive kwazvo kuti zvinhu zvaakadzidziswa achiita zvokutaurirwa nomuromo ndezvechokwadi.’—Ruka 1:4.

Maererano neimwe nyanzvi yechiGiriki inonzi Richard Lenski, Tiyofiro anofanira kunge akanga asati ava mutendi Ruka paakamudana kuti a“noremekedzwa kwazvo,” nokuti mumabhuku ose echiKristu, . . . hapana muKristu anombodanwa saizvozvo.” Ruka paakazonyora bhuku reMabasa pave paya, haana kushandisa mashoko okuti a“noremekedzwa kwazvo,” asi akangoti: “Haiwa Tiyofiro.” (Mabasa 1:1) Lenski anogumisa achiti: “Ruka paakanyorera Tiyofiro Evhangeri yake, murume uyu akanga asati ava muKristu asi akanga ava kutofarira zvinhu zvechiKristu. Ruka paakazotumira bhuku reMabasa kwaari, Tiyofiro akanga atotendeuka.”