Thomas Emlyn —Aimhura Here Kana Kuti Aitsigira Chokwadi?
THOMAS EMLYN aiva ani, uye chii chakaita kuti arwire chokwadi? Tingadzidzei kwaari chingatibatsira mazuva ano?
Kuti tipindure mibvunzo iyi, tinofanira kuziva zvaiitika muEngland uye muIreland mukupera kwema1600 uye kutanga kwema1700. Munguva iyi Church of England yaiva nesimba zvikuru. Asi machechi akasiyana-siyana akabuda muRoma uye vamwewo vanhu, vakanga vasingawirirani nedzidziso uye zviito zvechechi iyi.
AIVA ANI?
Thomas Emlyn akaberekwa panguva yaiitika zvataurwa pamusoro apa, musi wa27 May 1663, mutaundi reStamford, muLincolnshire, kuEngland. Akapa mharidzo yake yekutanga ava nemakore 19. Pave paya, akazoshanda semufundisi, achishandira mumwe mukadzi wepamusoro-soro aigara muLondon, uye akazotamira kuBelfast, muIreland.
MuBelfast akazotungamirira imwe chechi yeko. Nokufamba kwenguva, Emlyn akashumira munzvimbo dzakawanda kusanganisira muDublin.
NEI AIPOMERWA KUTI AIMHURA?
Munguva iyoyo Emlyn aidzidza Bhaibheri zvakadzama. Kudzidza kwake kwakaita kuti asava nechokwadi nedzidziso yokuti Mwari anoumbwa nevanhu vatatu, kunyange zvazvo aimboitenda. Kuongorora mabhuku eEvhangeri kwakaita kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti mabhuku acho aitsigira kunzwisisa kwaakanga ava kuita.
Emlyn haana kukurumidza kuzivisa zvaakanga awana. Asi vamwe vemuchechi yaaipinda kuDublin vakaona kuti akanga asisatauri nezvedzidziso yeUtatu mumharidzo dzake. Sezvo aiziva kuti zvaakanga awana zvaisazogamuchirwa nevamwe, akanyora kuti: “Handifungi kuti ndinoramba ndiri pachinzvimbo chandiri kana ndikangotaura maonero angu.” Muna June 1702, vamwe vaaiwadzana navo vaviri vakamubvunza nezvenyaya yokurega kwaaiita kutaura nezvedzidziso yeUtatu mumharidzo dzake. Emlyn akabvuma kuti akanga asisatendi mudzidziso yacho uye akati akanga azvipira kusiya chinzvimbo chake.
Pashure pemazuva mashomanana, akabva kuDublin, muIreland, ndokuenda kuEngland. Zvisinei, pashure pemavhiki 10, akadzokera kuDublin kuti anogadzirisa zvimwe zvinhu, aine chinangwa chekunogara kuLondon zvachose. Ari muDublin, akafunga kuratidza kuti zvaaitaura zvaiva zvechokwadi, saka akabudisa bhuku rake rinonzi An Humble Inquiry Into the Scripture-Account of Jesus Christ. Mubhuku iri, akatsanangura zvakajeka achishandisa Magwaro kuti nei Jesu asingagoni kunzi ndiye Mwari Mukurusa. Izvi zvakagumbura zvikuru vaya vaiva muchechi yaimbopindwa naEmlyn kuDublin. Saka vakaendesa nyaya yacho kumatare.
Emlyn akasungwa, ndokumiswa pamberi pedare reQueen’s Bench Court muDublin musi wa14 June 1703. Muchinyorwa chake chinonzi True Narrative of the Proceedings, Emlyn akanyora kuti akatongerwa mhosva “yekunyora uye kubudisa bhuku raiva nemashoko ekumhura uye anozvidzisa, nemamwewo. [Mashoko] okuti Jesu Kristu haana kuenzana naMwari Baba.” Nyaya yacho haina kutongwa zvakanaka nokuti mutongo wayo wakafanosarudzwa isati yatongwa. Mabhishopi manomwe eChurch of Ireland akagara pamwe chete nevatongi. Emlyn haana kubvumidzwa kuzvidzivirira. Gweta rairemekedzwa rainzi Richard Levins, rakaudza Emlyn kuti aisazobvumidzwa kuzvidzivirira. Nyaya yacho yava kunopera, mutongi mumatare ekuIreland, Richard Pyne akaudza vaiongorora nyaya yacho kuti kana vaizotadza kupa mutongo waitarisirwa, “madzishe ake, mabhishopi vaivapo,” zvichida achiratidza kuti vaiongorora nyaya yacho vaizorangwa zvakakodzera.
“Ndakazvipira kutambura nemhaka yechandinotenda kuti ichokwadi uye kubwinya kwake [Mwari].”—Thomas Emlyn
Emlyn paakanzi aiva nemhosva, gurukota rezvemitemo rakamuti ataure kuti zvaakanga ataura zvakanga zvisirizvo. Emlyn akaramba. Akanzi abhadhare faindi uye akatongerwa kugara mujeri kwegore. Sezvo aisakwanisa kubhadhara faindi, akagara mujeri kwemakore maviri kusvika imwe shamwari yake yaita kuti vakuru vakuru vaderedze faindi yacho. Emlyn akaburitswa mujeri musi wa21 July 1705. Kunyadziswa kwaakaita kwakaita kuti ataure mashoko ari kwekutanga ekuti: “Ndakazvipira kutambura nemhaka yechandinotenda kuti ichokwadi uye kubwinya kwake [Mwari].”
Emlyn akatamira kuLondon, kwaakazoonana naWhiston uyo aivawo muongorori weBhaibheri aishorwa nemhaka yekubudisa chaaifunga kuti ichokwadi chemuBhaibheri. Whiston airemekedza Emlyn achimudana kuti “‘mumiririri mukuru uye wekutanga’ ‘wechikristu chekare.’”
NEI AKARAMBA DZIDZISO YEUTATU?
Kungofanana naWilliam Whiston, uyewo imwe nyanzvi yairemekedzwa Isaac Newton, Emlyn akaona kuti Bhaibheri haritsigiri dzidziso yeUtatu iyo inotsigirwa mubhuku rinonzi Athanasian Creed. Akatsanangura kuti: “Pashure pokuongorora uye kudzidza Magwaro matsvene zvakasimba, . . . ndakaona kuti zvine musoro . . . kuchinja maonero andaimboita dzidziso yeUtatu.” Akazopedzisa achiti “Mwari uye Baba vaJesu Kristu ndiye chete [Mwari] Mukuru.”
Chii chakaita kuti Emlyn azotaura izvi? Akawana Magwaro akawanda anoratidza kusiyana kwakaita Jesu naBaba vake. Ona mienzaniso mishoma inotevera (Tsanangudzo dzaEmlyn dzemagwaro acho dziri mumabhii akatsveyama):
Johani 17:3: “Kristu haana paanombonzi ndiye Mwari mumwe chete.” Baba chete ndivo vanonzi “Mwari wechokwadi chete.”
Johani 5:30: “Mwanakomana haaiti kuda kwake asi kwaBaba.”
Johani 5:26: “Upenyu hwake anohupiwa naBaba.”
VaEfeso 1:3: “Kakawanda Jesu Kristu anonzi Mwanakomana waMwari, asi hapana patinombowana Baba vachinzi Baba vaMwari, kunyange zvazvo kakawanda vachinzi Baba vaIshe wedu Jesu.”
Pashure pekunge Emlyn aongorora uchapupu hwese, akataura mashoko akasimba okuti: “Hapana kana ndima imwe chete muMagwaro matsvene, ingatombonzi inotsigira kuti Baba, Mwanakomana, uye Mudzimu Mutsvene, vanganzi munhu mumwe chete.”
TINGADZIDZEI?
Mazuva ano vanhu vakawanda vanotya kutsigira zvinodzidziswa neMagwaro. Asi Emlyn akanga akazvipira kutsigira chokwadi chemuBhaibheri. Akabvunza kuti, “Kana munhu akasataura chokwadi chinokosha zvikuru, chaanenge aona kuti chakajeka muMagwaro matsvene, angarambirei achichiverenga uye achichitsvaga?” Emlyn akanga asingambovanzi chokwadi.
Muenzaniso waEmlyn nevamwe unogona kuita kuti tione kana tichida kutsigira chokwadi patinoshorwa nemhaka yezvatinotenda. Tinogona kuzvibvunza kuti, ‘Kufarirwa uye kukudzwa nevanhu vari munharaunda ndiko kunonyanya kukosha kupfuura kutsigira chokwadi cheShoko raMwari here?’