Oukanga uno mwanda su?

TEEMESHA MU

Mu mafuku a kala muntu baadi mulombeene kukuna lubishi lubi mwifuba dyabeene su?

Uno mukanda wa 1468 wa Digest ubabafundjile kwi Amperere Justinian ngumune wa ku mikanda ayilesha patooka bilumbu bibaabadi basambe mu mafuku akala

MU MUKANDA wa Mateo 13:24-26, Yesu bambile’shi: “Bufumu bwa mwiyilu bwi bu muntu baadi mu myamine mbyo ibuwa mwifuba dyaaye. Nguba baadi bantu balaale, mwishikwanyi naaye nkufika, aye nkumyamina namu lubishi lubi munkatshi mwa mbyo ibuwa, aye nkwenda pabatolokyele bikunwanga, pabaabitushishe masala, paapa lubishi lubi namu nkwileesha.” Bangi bafundji abelesha mpaka’shi uno mwanda ta ngwa binyibinyi, kadi mikanda ya kala ayisambila miiya ya beena Looma, ayileesha’shi bino bibaadi abikitshika.

Ungi mukanda aupatulaa bishima bya mu Bible awamba’shi mu miiya ya beena Looma, kukuna lubishi lubi mwifuba dya muntu bwa kwiobwela kubaadi kibeshi. Bu bibaabadi beele uno mwiya, abilesha’shi uno mwanda ubaadi aukitshika binyibinyi. Alastair Kerr ungi muntu mulongye miiya alesha’shi, mu bipwa 533 kunyima kwa Kidishitu, Justinian ungi Amperere a mu Looma batushiishe mukanda wabetamina bu Digest. Uno mukanda ubaadi aulesha miiya ya beena Looma mu kikoso na ubaadi na mayi a bangi bantu abauku miiya kalolo kubanga mu bipwa 100 na ku bipwa 250 kunyima kwa Kidishitu. Muyiile byabalesha mu mukanda wa Digest, Ulpian, ungi muntu auku miiya baadi mwakule mwanda ubakitshikile mu siekele a kabidi. Babaadi bakune lubishi lubi mwifuba dya mungi muntu, pa mwanda wa byabya, bidibwa bibalwidile. Mukanda wa Digest aulesha’shi yawa muntu sha efuba abadi bamiinyine lubishi lubi baadi na matalwa a kuteka muntu mukite kyakya kibeshi, bwa’shi afute byabya bidibwa bibalwila.

Ino myanda ibaadi ayikitshika mu bufumu bwa beena Looma, ayilesha’shi, myanda yabadi baleshe kwi Yesu mu lukindji lwaye ibaadi ayikitshika mu nshalelo a bantu binyibinyi.

Mu siekele a kumpala beena Looma abaadi balekyele bakata ba beena Yuuda matalwa a kutshiba myanda kinyi mu Yudea?

KUBANGA mu aa mafuku, beena Looma abaadi bamune beena Yuuda, na kubaadi guvernere baadi mushale mu Yuuda baadi aleesha mpala ya mbulamatadi a beena Looma, na baadi na kisaka kya basalayi kibaadi akunkusha. Mudimo waye ukata ubaadi wa kufutshisha bitadi bya beena Looma na kutwesha butaale na bulongame. Beena Looma abaadi abakwata bantu abakitshi myanda itukeene na miiya na kusambisha muntu ooso atwesha kafuutakanyi. Ku lungi lupese, beena Looma abaadi abalekyela ba nfumu ba mu kibundji matalwa a kutshiba tu bilumbu tupeeela atutuuku mu kipindji kyabo kya nsenga.

Tumilaadi twa Sanedrine twa beena Yuuda tukwete kusambisha muntu

Tumilaadi twa Sanedrine ngi tubaadi tumilaadi tukata tubaabadi abakunkusha kwi Concil tubaadi atutshibi bilumbu muyiile miiya ya beena Yuuda. Tumilaadi tupeela tubaadi kwanka mu Yudea mushima. Bilumbu bibaadi abituuku pankatshi pa bantu na myanda ya bibeshi babaadi abebipudisha pangi ku tuno tumilaadi kushii kwitanyina bakata ba beena Looma. Byabya mwanda ubaabadi bakandjikile tumilaadi tooso twa beena Yuuda, ngwa kwipaa muntu bakitshi kibeshi—nka penda beena Looma banabeene ngi babaadi na matalwa a kutshibila muntu kino kiimu. Mwanda aukibwa kalolo ubaabakutshilwe kulonda uno mwiya ubakitshikile nsaa ibaadi beena tumilaadi twa Sanedrine baase Etshyene mabwe bamwipa.—Bikitshino 6:8-15; 7:54-60.

Byabya tumilaadi twa Sanedrine twa beena Yuuda tubaadi na matalwa a kutshiba bilumbu bibungi. Anka, Emil Schürer muntu mulongye myanda ya kala amba’shi: “Matalwa a beena Sanedrine abaadi na mikalo, mwanda, ingi nsaa bakata ba beena Looma abaadi abeatshila bilumbu pa bukopo na kwibitshiba abo banabeene, bikishekishe nsaa yabamono’shi uno mwanda aukyebe kutwesha kafutakanyi mu myanda ya politike.” Mwanda wi bino ubakitshikile nsaa ibaabadi bakwate Mpoolo bwa kumulama kwi basalayi bababaadi abakunkusha kwi mukata abetanyina bu Claudius Lysias, mwanda baadi mwina Looma a butandwa.—Bikitshino 23:26-30.