A B D E F H I J K L M N R S T U Z

A

• Ab.

  Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lenyanga yesihlanu kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesi-11 kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waJuly iphele emkhatsini wa-August. Ligama layo aliveli eBhayibhelini; ivele ibitwe ngekutsi ‘yinyanga yesihlanu.’ (Num 33:​38; Ezr 7:9)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Abibi.

  Leli ligama lenyanga yekucala kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda futsi ligama lenyanga yesi-7 kukhalenda yebalimi. Lisho kutsi “Ematimba Lanembala Loluhlata (Alokutinhlavu)” futsi beyicala emkhatsini waMarch iphele emkhatsini wa-April. Ngemuva kwekubuya kwemaJuda eBhabhulona, lenyanga yabese ibitwa ngekutsi nguNisani. (Dut 16:1)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Adari.

  Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lenyanga yesi-12 kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesitfupha kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waFebruary iphele emkhatsini waMarch. (Est 3:7)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Alamothi.

  Leli ligama lebelisetjentiswa nakuhlatjelwa lelisho “Tintfombi; Emantfombatane,” kungenteka libhekisela ku-soprano lokungemavi emantfombatane. Kungenteka belisetjentiselwa kuchaza kutsi insimbi letsite yemculo bekufanele idlalwe ngelinothi lelisetulu.​—1Tk 15:​20; Hl 46:0.

• Alfa na-Omega.

  Lawa ngemagama eluhlavu lwekucala neluhlavu lwekugcina elulwimini lwesiGriki; asetjentiswe katsatfu encwadzini yeSembulo aba sicu saNkulunkulu. Lapho asetjentiswe khona, lamagama anenchazelo lefanako nemagama latsi “wekucala newekugcina” nalatsi “sicalo nesiphetfo.”​—Sem 1:8; 21:6; 22:13.

• Amagedoni.

  Leligama lisuselwa egameni lesiHebheru lelitsi Har Meghid·dohnʹ, lelisho “iNtsaba yaseMegido.” Lihlobene ‘nemphi yelilanga lelikhulu laNkulunkulu Somandla’ lapho khona ‘emakhosi emhlaba wonkhe’ atawuhlangana kuze alwe naJehova. (Sem 16:​14, 16; 19:​11-21)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi KUHLUPHEKA LOKUKHULU.

• Amen.

  “Akube njalo!” nobe “nakanjani.” Leligama lisuselwe egameni lesiHebheru lelitsi ʼa·manʹ, lelisho “kwetsembeka, kwetsenjwa.” Leligama lelitsi “Amen” belisetjentiswa nakwentiwa sifungo, umthantazo nobe nakukhulunywa nje. Encwadzini yeSembulo lisetjentiswe laba sicu saJesu.​—Dut 27:​26; 1Tk 16:​36; Sem 3:14.

• Ashtarothe.

  Lona ngunkulunkulukati wemphi newentalo waseKhenani, futsi bekangumfati waBhali.​—1Sa 7:3.

• Azazeli.

  Leligama lisuselwe egameni lesiHebheru lokungenteka lisho “Imbuti Leyayihanjiswa.” NgeLilanga Lekubuyisana NaNkulunkulu, lembuti lebeyitfwala tono beyiyiswa ehlane, futsi loko bekufananiswa nekutsi ihamba nato tonkhe tono tesive temnyaka lowendlulile.​—Lev 16:​8, 10.

B

• BaFarisi.

  Leli licembu lenkholo yemaJuda lebelatiwa kakhulu ngesikhatsi saJesu. Bebangasiyo intalelwane yebaphristi, kodvwa bebawunakisisa uMtsetfo ngisho nasetintfweni letincane kakhulu, futsi bebacindzetela bantfu kutsi bagcine emasiko. (Mat 23:​23) Bebamelane nanome ngumaphi emasiko emaGriki, futsi njengobe bebatati teMtsetfo nemasiko, bebaneligunya lelikhulu kubantfu. (Mat 23:​2-6) Labanye babo bebangemalunga eNkantolo yemaJuda. Bebavame kuphikisa Jesu mayelana nekugcinwa kweliSabatha, emasiko nekutihlanganisa netoni kanye nebatselisi. Labanye babo bagcine sebangemaKhristu, lokufaka ekhatsi Sawula waseThasusi.​—Mat 9:​11; 12:​14; Mak 7:5; Luk 6:2; Imi 26:5.

• BaSadusi.

  Leli licembu lelidvumile lenkholo yemaJuda lebelakhiwa bantfu labanjingile labasetikhundleni letiphakeme kanye nebaphristi lebebaneligunya lelikhulu emisebentini lebeyentiwa ethempelini. Bebangavumelani  nemasiko lamanyenti lebekagcinwa baFarisi kanye naletinye tinkholelo tebaFarisi. Bebangakholelwa kutsi bantfu batawuvuswa ekufeni nekutsi tingilosi tikhona. Bebaphikisa Jesu.​—Mat 16:1; Imi 23:8.

• Bhali.

  Lona ngunkulunkulu lobekatsatfwa ngekutsi ngumnikati wesibhakabhaka futsi bebatsi nguye lowephana imvula nentalo. “Bhali” bekuphindze kube ligama lalabanye bonkulunkulu labancane. NgesiHebheru, leligama lisho “Umnikati; iNkhosi.”​—1Ks 18:​21; Rom 11:4.

• Bhelzebhule.

  Leli ligama lelibhekisele kuSathane, loyindvuna nobe umbusi wemadimoni. Kungenteka lisifishaniso seligama lelitsi Bhalzebubi, lokunguBhali lobekakhontwa ngemaFilisti e-Ekroni.​—2Ks 1:3; Mat 12:24.

• Bhuli.

  Leli ligama lenyanga yesi-8 kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda futsi ligama lenyanga yesibili kukhalenda yebalimi. Litsatselwe egameni lelisho “kutsela; kukhicita,” futsi lenyanga beyicala emkhatsini wa-October iphele emkhatsini waNovember. (1Ks 6:​38)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Bogadzi Bembusi.

  Leli licembu lemasotja aseRoma lebeligadza umbusi wemaRoma. Labogadzi bagcina sebalicembu lelinemandla letepolitiki lebelingasekela umbusi nobe limcitse.​—Flp 1:13.

• Bomantji.

  Embusweni waseBhabhulona, bomantji bebatiphatsimandla etifundzeni letehlukahlukene, futsi bebawati umtsetfo baphindze babe neligunya lekwehlulela. Emaveni lebekabuswa ngemaRoma, bomantji bebanetikhundla letisetulu kuhulumende. Imisebenti yabo beyifaka ekhatsi kuciniseka kutsi kuhlale kunekuthula, kucondzisa kusetjentiswa kwemali, kwehlulela bantfu labephula umtsetfo nekukhipha tijeziso.​—Dan 3:2; Imi 16:20.

• Bubanti besandla.

  Lena yindlela yekukala bubanti lokungenteka bulingana nebubanti lobusuka ekugcineni kwesitfupha kuya ekugcineni kwacikilicane nangabe sandla sivuliwe. Ngekuvumelana nesikali selikhyubhitha lelingemasentimitha langu-44.5 (17.5 ema-inch), bubanti besandla bungaba ngemasentimitha langu-22.2 (8.75 ema-inch). (Eks 28:​16; 1Sa 17:4)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Bufakazi.

  Ligama lelitsi “Bufakazi” livame kusetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngeMitsetfo Lelishumi leyanikwa Mosi lebeyibhalwe etibhelekeceni tematje letimbili.​—Eks 31:18.

• Bugwadla.

  Leligama lisuselwa egameni lesiGriki lelitsi por·neiʹa, lokuligama lelifaka ekhatsi tonkhe tinhlobo tekulalana letingemukeleki kuNkulunkulu. Lifaka ekhatsi kuphinga, kugwadla, kulalana kwebantfu labangakashadi, butabane kanye nekulala nesilwane. Embhalweni weSembulo, leligama liyasetjentiswa kuze limelele ingwadla lebitwa ngekutsi ‘yiBhabhulona Lenkhulu,’ ngobe itihlanganisa nebabusi bemhlaba kuze ibe nemandla futsi injinge. (Sem 14:8; 17:2; 18:3; Mat 5:​32; Imi 15:​29; Gal 5:​19)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi INGWADLA.

• Bulephelo; Umuntfu lonebulephelo.

  Lesi sifo lesibi kakhulu lesihlasela sikhumba. EmiBhalweni, leligama alisho nje kuphela lesifo njengobe kwatiwa lamuhla, ngobe bulephelo bebuba khona kubantfu, etimphahleni nasetindlini. Umuntfu lophetfwe ngulesifo kutsiwa unebulephelo.​—Lev 14:​54; Luk 5:12.

• Butsakatsi.

  Loku kusho kusebentisa emandla lavela emimoyeni lemibi.​—2Tk 33:6.

D

• Dagoni.

  Lona ngunkulunkulu wemaFilisti. Umlandvo waleligama awatiwa kahle, kodvwa letinye tati tilihlobanisa neligama lesiHebheru lelitsi dagh (inhlanti).​—Tik 16:​23; 1Sa 5:4.

• Denariyo.

  Lolu luhlavu lwelisiliva lwaseRoma lobelunesisindvo lesingemagremu langaba ngu-3.85 (0.124 ounce troy) futsi belunesitfombe saKhesari kulolunye luhlangotsi. Beluba ngumholo welilanga wesisebenti futsi beluba ‘ngumtselo’ emaRoma lebekawufuna kumaJuda. (Mat 22:​17; Luk 20:​24)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Develi.

  Leli ligama lelichaza Sathane EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki futsi lisho “uMnyundzeli.” Sathane wabitwa ngekutsi nguDeveli ngobe ungumnyundzeli lomkhulu nalohamba embili futsi umangalela Jehova, nelivi laKhe kanye nelibito laKhe lelingcwele.​—Mat 4:1; Joh 8:​44; Sem 12:9.

 E

• Edomu.

  Leli ngulelinye ligama leletsiwa Esawu indvodzana ya-Isaka. Intalelwane ya-Esawu (Edomu) yatsatsa indzawo leseSeyiri, lokusifundza lesinetintsaba lesisemkhatsini weLwandle Lolufile nesihlenge seLwandle lwase-‘Aqaba. Lendzawo yagcine yatiwa ngekutsi yi-Edomu. (Gen 25:​30; 36:8)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B3 na-B4.

• Efrayimu.

  Leli ligama lendvodzana yesibili yaJosefa; ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi leligama letsiwa lesinye setive taka-Israyeli. Ngemuva kwekutsi ema-Israyeli sekehlukene, sive saka-Efrayimu besinemandla kakhulu, ngako kwaba ngiso lesimelela tive letingu-10 taka-Israyeli.​—Gen 41:​52; Jer 7:15.

• Eluli.

  Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lenyanga yesitfupha kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesi-12 kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini wa-August iphele emkhatsini waSeptember. (Neh 6:​15)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Emabhaluko.

  Lawa bekungemapulango lebekaphose afane newemafasitelo, futsi bekakhiwe ngendlela yekutsi baphristi nabangekhatsi ethendeni lekukhontela bayibone imifanekiso yemakherubhi lebeyikulendvwangu yelineni. (Eks 26:​15-18)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5.

• Emadimoni.

  Leti tidalwa letimbi letingumoya futsi letingabonakali, tinemandla kakhulu kunebantfu. KuGenesisi 6:2 tibitwa ngekutsi ‘ngemadvodzana aNkulunkulu weliciniso,’ bese kutsi kuJuda 6 tibitwa ngekutsi “tingilosi”; atizange tidalwe titimbi, kunaloko ngito letatenta titsa taNkulunkulu ngekutsi tingamlaleli ngesikhatsi kusaphila Nowa, futsi talandzela Sathane ekuvukeleni Jehova.​—Dut 32:​17; Luk 8:​30; Imi 16:​16; Jak 2:19.

• Emadolobha ekukhosela.

  Lawa ngemadolobha emaLevi lapho bekungaya khona umuntfu lobulele lomunye angakahlosi kuze abalekele umphindziseli wengati. Emadolobha ekukhosela lasitfupha bekatfolakala kulo lonkhe Live Lesetsembiso. Lamadolobha akhetfwa nguMosi, ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi abese akhetfwa nguJoshuwa futsi bebacondziswa nguJehova. Lona lobalekako bekatsi nakefika edolobheni lekukhosela, abike indzaba yakhe emadvodzeni lamadzala lebekasesangweni lelidolobha futsi bekabese ayamngenisa. Kuze kuvinjelwe kutsi bantfu lababulele ngenhloso basitakale ngalelilungiselelo, umuntfu lobekafuna kuvikeleka bekufanele atekiswe licala kulelidolobha labulele kulo kuze kubonakale kutsi umsulwa yini. Nakubonakala kutsi umsulwa, bekufanale abuyele edolobheni lekukhosela futsi ahlale khona kuphila kwakhe konkhe nobe kuze kube ngulapho kufa umphristi lophakeme.​—Num 35:​6, 11-15, 22-29; Jos 20:​2-8.

• Emadvodzana a-Aroni.

  Lena bekuyintalelwane ya-Aroni umtukulu waLevi lowaba wekucala kukhetfwa kutsi abe ngumphristi lophakeme ngephansi kweMtsetfo waMosi. Emadvodzana a-Aroni bekenta umsebenti webaphristi ethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini.​—1Tk 23:28.

• EmaGriki.

  Laba bantfu baseGrisi nobe umuntfu lovela emndenini lodzabuka khona. EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leligama liphindze lisetjentiswe etindzaweni letinyenti nalikhuluma ngabo bonkhe bantfu labangasiwo emaJuda nobe labo labafundza siGriki kanye nemasiko aseGrisi.​—Jow 3:6; Joh 12:20.

• EmaHebheru.

  Leli bekuligama lelacale lasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa nga-Abrama (Abrahama), kuze ehlukaniswe kubomakhelwane bakhe labangema-Amori. Lachubeka lasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngentalelwane ya-Abrahama layitfola ngemtukulu wakhe longumfana.​—Gen 14:​13; Eks 5:3.

• Emakha esihlahla semphepho.

  Loku kungumanafu lowomisiwe lotsetfwe etihlahleni teluhlobo lolubitwa ngekutsi yi-Boswellia. Bekatsi nakashiswa kuphume liphunga lelinuka kamnandzi. Bekwentiwa ngawo imphepho lengcwele lebeyisetjentiswa ethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini. Bekaphindze asetjentiswe nakwentiwa iminikelo yalokutinhlavu futsi bekabekwa esitakini ngasinye setinkhwa lebetinikelwa kuNkulunkulu, lebetiba seNgcwele.​—Eks 30:​34-36; Lev 2:1; 24:7; Mat 2:11.

•  Emakherubhi.

  Leti tingilosi letisesigabeni lesisetulu, futsi tenta imisebenti lekhetsekile. Atifanani nemaserafi.​—Gen 3:​24; Eks 25:​20; Isa 37:​16; Heb 9:5.

• Emakhoba.

  Leti timphephelezi letiphuma nakubhulwa nobe nakweliwa tintfo letitinhlavu letidliwako. Emakhoba asetjentiswa etinongweni tenkhulumo kuze amelele intfo lengenamsebenti nalengatsandzeki.​—Hl 1:4; Mat 3:12.

• Emalanga ekugcina.

  Leligama kanye nalamanye lafana nalo, njengalelitsi ‘incenye yekugcina yemalanga,’ asetjentiswa etiphrofethweni letiseBhayibhelini nakukhulunywa ngesikhatsi lapho tintfo lokwakhulunywa ngato kadzeni titawugcwaliseka ngelizinga lelisetulu. (Hez 38:​16; Dan 10:​14; Imi 2:​17) Lesi kungaba sikhatsi lesifaka iminyaka lembalwa nobe leminyenti, kuye ngalesiphrofetho. LiBhayibheli lisebentisa leligama nalikhuluma “ngemalanga ekugcina” alesikhatsi, lokusikhatsi sekuba khona kwaJesu lokungabonakali.​—2Tm 3:1; Jak 5:3; 2Ph 3:3.

• Emalunga elicembu laHerodi.

  Leli bekulicembu lelishisekela live lalo lebelisekela tintfo tepolitiki lebetishiwo boHerodi nabasabusa ngephansi kwemaRoma. Kungenteka kutsi labanye baSadusi bebangemalunga alelicembu. Emalunga elicembu laHerodi abambisana nebaFarisi kuze amelane naJesu.​—Mak 3:6.

• EmaMediya; IMediya.

  Lena yintalelwane yaMadayi indvodzana yaJafethi; beyihlala endzaweni yase-Iran lephakeme futsi lenetintsaba leyagcine seyilive laseMediya. EmaMediya abambisana neBhabhulona kuze ancobe ema-Asiriya. Ngaleso sikhatsi iPheresiya beyisifundza lebesibuswa yiMediya, kodvwa Khuresi wavukela futsi iMediya yahlanganiswa nePheresiya kwase kwakhiwa uMbuso WemaMede NemaPheresiya lowancoba uMbuso waseBhabhulona nga-539 B.C.E. NgeliPhentekhoste langa-33 C.E., emaMediya bekakhona eJerusalema. (Dan 5:​28, 31; Imi 2:9)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B9.

• EmaNefili.

  Lawa ngemadvodzana lebekanebudlova etingilosi letagucula imitimba yato yafana neyebantfu futsi tawatalelwa ngemadvodzakati ebantfu ngaphambi kwaZamcolo.​—Gen 6:4.

• EmaNethinimu.

  Leti tisebenti tasethempelini lebetingasiwo ema-Israyeli. NgesiHebheru leligama lisho “Labanikelwe,” futsi liveta umcondvo wekutsi bebanikelelwe kwenta umsebenti wasethempelini. Kungenteka emaNethinimu lamanyenti bekayintalelwane yemaGibeyoni, lawo Joshuwa lebekawanike umsebenti “wekutfota tinkhuni newekukha emanti labetawusetjentiswa ngema-Israyeli nalabetawusetjentiswa e-al’thare laJehova.”​—Jos 9:​23, 27; 1Tk 9:2; Ezr 8:17.

• EmaSamariya.

  Ekucaleni leligama belisho ema-Israyeli lebekavela embusweni wasenyakatfo wetive letingu-10, kodvwa ngemuva kwekutsi iSamariya incotjwe ngema-Asiriya nga-740 B.C.E., leligama beselisho nebantfu bekuhamba labaletfwa ngema-Asiriya. Ngesikhatsi saJesu, leligama belite umcondvo wekubandlulula nobe wepolitiki, kodvwa belivame kubhekisela kubantfu labangemalunga elicembu lenkholo lebeyiseceleni kweShekhemu yakadzeni neSamariya yakadzeni. Balandzeli balenkholo bebakholelwa etintfweni letehluke kakhulu kumaJuda.​—Joh 8:48.

• EmaSerafi.

  Leti tidalwa letingumoya letitungelete sihlalo sebukhosi saJehova emazulwini. Ligama lesiHebheru lelitsi sera·phimʹ lisho “labavutsako.”​—Isa 6:​2, 6.

• Ethanimu.

  Leli ligama lenyanga yesi-7 kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda futsi ligama lenyanga yekucala kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waSeptember iphele emkhatsini wa-October. Ngemuva kwekubuya kwemaJuda eBhabhulona, lenyanga yabese ibitwa ngekutsi nguTishri. (1Ks 8:2)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

F

• Faro.

  Lesi sicu lebesiniketwa emakhosi aseGibhithe. LiBhayibheli likhuluma ngaboFaro labasihlanu (Shishaki, So, Thihakha, Nekho naHofra), kodvwa labanye abashiwo emabito abo, lokufaka ekhatsi boFaro lokukhulunywa ngabo endzabeni ya-Abrahama, yaMosi neyaJosefa.​—Eks 15:4; Rom 9:17.

H

• Hemesi.

  Lona ngunkulunkulu wemaGriki, indvodzana yaZeyusi. Ngesikhatsi Pawula aseListra, bantfu bambita ngekutsi nguHemesi ngenca yekutsi lonkulunkulu bekatsatfwa ngekutsi usitfunywa  sabonkulunkulu nangekutsi ungunkulunkulu welikhono lekukhuluma.​—Imi 14:12.

• Herodi.

  Leli ligama lemndeni lobekuphuma kuwo labo lebebabusa emaJuda ngekubekwa ngemaRoma. Herodi Lomkhulu wadvuma ngekwakha kabusha lithempeli eJerusalema nangekukhipha umtsetfo wekutsi kubulawe bantfwana ngobe nje afuna kubulala Jesu. (Mat 2:​16; Luk 1:5) Herodi Akhelawusi kanye naHerodi Antipasi, labangemadvodzana aHerodi Lomkhulu, banikwa tincenye letitsite embusweni wababe wabo kutsi babuse kuto. (Mat 2:​22) Antipasi bekangumbusi wesifundza, bekavame kubitwa ngekutsi “yinkhosi,” bekubusa yena kuleminyaka lemitsatfu nehhafu Khristu layicitsa ashumayela kwaze kwaba ngulesikhatsi kubhalwa Imisebenti sehluko 12. (Mak 6:​14-17; Luk 3:​1, 19, 20; 13:​31, 32; 23:​6-15; Imi 4:​27; 13:1) Ngemuva kwaloko, Herodi Agripha I, longumtukulu waHerodi Lomkhulu, wabulawa yingilosi yaNkulunkulu ngemuva kwekubusa sikhashana. (Imi 12:​1-6, 18-23) Indvodzana yakhe lenguHerodi Agripha II yaba ngumbusi, futsi yabusa kwaze kwaba ngulesikhatsi emaJuda avukela emaRoma.​—Imi 23:​35; 25:​13, 22-27; 26:​1, 2, 19-32.

• Higayoni.

  Leli ligama lelinenchazelo lecondzile etindzabeni tekuhlabela. Njengobe lisetjentisiwe kuTihlabelelo 9:​16, lingasho umsindvo lopholile, umsindvo welihabhu lokhalela phansi nobe likhefu lelenta umuntfu akhone kuzindla.

I

• I-Akhaya.

  EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leligama belisho sifundza saseRoma lesiseningizimu yeGrisi, futsi inhlokodolobha yaso beyiseKhorinte. I-Akhaya beyifaka ekhatsi yonkhe i-Peloponnese kanye nendzawo lesekhatsi nelivekati laseGrisi. (Imi 18:​12)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B13.

• I-Aramu; Ema-Aramu.

  Lena yintalelwane ya-Aramu loyindvodzana yaShemi, lebeyihlala kusuka esigodzini lesisetiNtsabeni taseLebanoni kuya eMesophothamiya, nekusuka etiNtsabeni tase-Taurus letisenyakatfo kwehla kuye eDamaseko futsi kwengce kuye eningizimu. NgesiHebheru lendzawo beyibitwa ngekutsi yi-Aramu, futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi yase ibitwa ngekutsi yiSiriya, nebantfu bakhona base babitwa ngekutsi ngemaSiriya.​—Gen 25:​20; Dut 26:5; Hos 12:12.

• I-Ariyophagusi.

  Leli ligcuma leliphakeme lelise-Athene, enyakatfo-nshonalanga ye-Acropolis. Bekuphindze kube ligama lenkantolo lebeyibamba imihlangano kuyo lendzawo. Pawula wayiswa enkantolo yase-Ariyophagusi amikiswa tati tema-Ephikhuri netemaStoyiki kuze ayochaza loko lebekakukholelwa.​—Imi 17:19.

• I-Aselgeia.​

  —Fundza ligama lelitsi KONA LOKUHAMBISANA NEKWEDZELELA.

• I-Asiya.

  EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leli ligama lesifundza saseRoma lebesifaka ekhatsi indzawo lamuhla leyatiwa ngekutsi yinshonalanga yeTurkey, lokuhlanganisa naletinye tichingi letingaselugwini, lokufaka ekhatsi sichingi saseSamosi nesasePhatmose. Inhlokodolobha yayo bekuyi-Efesu. (Imi 20:​16; Sem 1:4)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B13.

• I-cab.

  Lesi sikali salokomile lesingemalitha langu-1.22 (1.11 ema-quart lomile), lebesibalwa ngekuvumelana nesikali seli-bath lesicatjangwako. (2Ks 6:​25)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• IDekhapholi.

  Lawa ngemadolobha emaGriki, futsi ekucaleni bekakhiwa ngemadolobha langu-10 (leligama lisuselwa egameni lesiGriki lelitsi deʹka, lelisho “lishumi,” nalelitsi poʹlis, lelisho “lidolobha”). Bekuphindze kube ligama lesifundza lesisemphumalanga yeLwandle LwaseGalile nasemphumalanga yeMfula iJordane, lapho linyenti lalamadolobha belakhiwe khona. Bekatindzawo letidvumile lapho bekwentiwa khona emasiko emaGriki kanye nekutsengiselana. Jesu wendlula kulesifundza, kodvwa kute lokwabhalwa lokuveta kutsi wake waya kulamadolobha. (Mat 4:​25; Mak 5:​20)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo A7 na-B10.

• I-fathom.

  Lesi bekusikali lebekukalwa ngaso kutsi emanti ajule kangakanani, futsi besilingana nemamitha langu-1.8 (tinyatselo letisitfupha). (Imi 27:​28)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• IFilistiya; emaFilisti.

  Lena yindzawo lebeyiselugwini lolungaseningizimu yaka-Israyeli leyabitwa ngekutsi yiFilistiya. Bantfu lebebasuka eKhrethe labeta batohlala kuleyondzawo  babitwa ngekutsi ngemaFilisti. Davide wabancoba kodvwa bachubeka batibusa futsi bebasolo batitsa tema-Israyeli. (Eks 13:​17; 1Sa 17:4; Amo 9:7)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B4.

• IGehena.

  Leli ligama lesiGriki leSigodzi saHinomu, lebesiseningizimu naseningizimu-nshonalanga yeJerusalema yakadzeni. (Jer 7:​31) Lendzawo kwaphrofethwa ngayo kutsi tidvumbu titawulahlwa kuyo. (Jer 7:​32; 19:6) Kute bufakazi bekutsi tilwane nobe bantfu bebajikwa eGehena baphila kuze bashiswe nobe bahlushwe. Ngako akusilo liciniso kutsi iyindzawo lengabonakali yekuhlupha imiphefumulo phakadze emlilweni lovutsako. Kunaloko ligama lelitsi iGehena lasetjentiswa nguJesu kanye nebafundzi bakhe kuze bafananise sijeziso saphakadze ‘lesikufa kwesibili,’ lokusho kubhujiswa phakadze, nobe kucotfulwa.​—Sem 20:​14; Mat 5:​22; 10:28.

• IGileyadi.

  Mbambambamba lena yindzawo levundzile lesemphumalanga yeMfula iJordane, beyisuka enyakatfo yeSigodzi saseJabhoki iye eningizimu yaso. Ngaletinye tikhatsi lendzawo beyisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngendzawo yema-Israyeli lesemphumalanga yeJordane, lapho bekuhlala khona sive sakaRubeni, sakaGadi kanye nencenye yesive sakaManase. (Num 32:1; Jos 12:2; 2Ks 10:​33)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B4.

• IGithithi.

  Leli ligama lebelisetjentiswa nakuhlatjelwa lelinenchazelo lesingaciniseki ngayo, kodvwa kubonakala shengatsi lisuselwe egameni lesiHebheru lelitsi gath. Labanyenti bakholelwa kutsi lihlobene nemculo tsite wetingoma letihambisana nekwakhiwa kweliwayini, njengobe ligama lelitsi gath lisho litje lekuhlutela liwayini.​—Hl 81:0.

• IHayidesi.

  Leli ligama lesiGriki lelisho intfo lefanako neligama lesiHebheru lelitsi “iShiyoli.” Lihunyushwe ngekutsi “liThuna” (laba nafeleba), futsi lenta kubonakale kutsi kushiwo lithuna lebantfu.​—Fundza ligama lelitsi LITHUNA.

• Ihisophu.

  Lesi sihlahla lebesinemagala lancama kanye nemacembe lamancane lebesisetjentiswa kuze kufafatwe ingati nobe emanti nakunemkhosi wekuhlambulula. Kungenteka kutsi bekusihlahla se-marjoram (Origanum maru; Origanum syriacum). Njengobe kuvela kuJohane 19:​29, kungenteka kutsi bekuyi-marjoram lebeyiboshelwe endvukwini nobe eluhlotjeni lolutsite lwemabele (Sorghum vulgare), njengobe kungenteka kutsi bekuneluhlanga loludze lebekungaboshelwa kulo sipontji lesineliwayini lelimunyu kuze kunatsiswe Jesu.​—Eks 12:​22; Hl 51:7.

• IHorebe; INtsaba iHorebe.

  Lesi sifundza lesinetintsaba lebesitungelete iNtsaba iSinayi. Ngulelinye ligama leNtsaba iSinayi. (Eks 3:1; Dut 5:2)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B3.

• I-Ilirikhu.

  Lesi sifundza saseRoma lebesisenyakatfo-nshonalanga yeGrisi. Ngesikhatsi Pawula ashumayela, wahamba waze wefika e-Ilirikhu, kodvwa akuchazwa kutsi washumayela yini khona nobe wefika nje kuphela. (Ro 15:​19)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B13.

• IJeduthuni.

  Leli ligama lelinenchazelo lesingaciniseki ngayo lelivela embhalweni longenhla weTihlabelelo 39, na-62, kanye na-77. Lemibhalo lengenhla ibonakala iticondziso talesihlabelelo, mhlawumbe iveta indlela lesihlabelelo lobekufanele sihlatjelwe ngayo nobe insimbi yemculo lokufanele isetjentiswe. Bekunemhlabelisi longumLevi lobekutsiwa nguJeduthuni, futsi kungenteka kutsi lendlela yekuhlabela nobe lensimbi yemculo leyasetjentiswa beyihlotjaniswa naye nobe emadvodzana akhe.

• IKhasiya.

  Lena yintfo lebeyitfolakala esihlahleni lebekutsiwa yi-cassia bark (Cinnamomum cassia), lokusihlahla lesifana nesihlahla sesinamoni. Ikhasiya beyisetjentiselwa kwakha emakha kanye nemafutsa ekugcoba langcwele.​—Eks 30:​24; Hl 45:8; Hez 27:19.

• Ikhorali.

  Lena yintfo lecinile lefana nelitje leyakheka ngematsambo etilwanyana taselwandle. Itfolakala elwandle futsi inemibala leyehlukahlukene lefaka ekhatsi lobovu, lomhlophe nalomnyama. Emakhorali bekamanyenti kakhulu eLwandle Lolubovu. Ngetikhatsi tekubhalwa kweliBhayibheli, emakhorali labovu bekadule kakhulu futsi bekasetjentiselwa kwakha buhlalu naleminye imihlobiso.​—Tag 8:​11, umbhalo longentasi.

•  ILephithoni.

  EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, lolu luhlavu loluncane kakhulu lwemali yemaJuda lolulitfusi noma loluyi-bronze. Kulamanye emahumusho eliBhayibheli, leligama lihunyushwa ngekutsi “lisenti.” (Mak 12:​42; Luk 21:2; imibhalo lengentasi)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Imana.

  Loku kudla lebekudliwa ngema-Israyeli ngesikhatsi asehlane iminyaka lengu-40. Bekakunikwe nguJehova. Bekuvela emhlabatsini ngalokusimangaliso bese kuba nematolo ngetulu, futsi bekuvela njalo ekuseni ngaphandle kwelilanga leliSabatha. Ngesikhatsi ema-Israyeli ayibona kwekucala atsi “Yini lena?” futsi ngesiHebheru kutsi “man huʼ?” (Eks 16:​13-15, 35) Kulamanye emavesi ibitwa ngekutsi “kudla lokuvela ezulwini” (Hl 78:​24), ‘sinkhwa lesivela ezulwini’ (Hl 105:​40) nangekutsi “sinkhwa salabanemandla” (Hl 78:​25, umbhalo longentasi). Jesu wasebentisa ligama lelitsi imana kuze limelele lokutsite.​—Joh 6:​49, 50.

• IMasedoniya.

  Lesi sifundza lesisenyakatfo yeGrisi lesadvuma kakhulu ngesikhatsi kusabusa Alexander Lomkhulu futsi sachubeka sitimele kwaze kwaba ngulapho sincotjwa ngemaRoma. Ngesikhatsi umphostoli Pawula aya kwekucala eYurophu, iMasedoniya beyisifundza saseRoma. Pawula wayivakashela katsatfu lendzawo. (Imi 16:9)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B13.

• Imaskili.

  Leli ligama lesiHebheru lelinenchazelo lesingaciniseki ngayo lelivela emibhalweni lengenhla yetihlabelelo letingu-13. Kungenteka lisho “inkondlo yekuzindla.” Labanye bacabanga kutsi ligama lelakhiwe ngendlela lefanako futsi lelihunyushwa ngekutsi ‘kwenta umsebenti ngekuhlakanipha’ linemcondvo lofanako.​—2Tk 30:​22; Hl 32:0.

• Imbongolo Yekweluka.

  Lena yintfo leyakhiwe ngetingodvo lesetjentiselwa kweluka umtiya kuze kwakhiwe indvwangu.​—Isa 19:9.

• Imfihlo lengcwele.

  Loku ngulokutsite lokuvela kuNkulunkulu lokuhambisana nenjongo yakhe, lemfihlo ayembulwa sisengakefiki sikhatsi sakhe futsi uyembulela kuphela labo lakhetsa kubembulela yona.​—Mak 4:​11; Kho 1:26.

• ImiBhalo.

  Lawa ngemavi langcwele labhalwe eVini laNkulunkulu. Leligama litfolakala kuphela EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki.​—Luk 24:​27; 2Tm 3:16.

• Imiculu yesikhumba.

  Beyakhiwa ngesikhumba semvu, sembuti nobe selitfole futsi bekubhalwa kuyo. Beyihlala sikhatsi lesidze kunephaphira futsi beyisetjentiselwa kubhala imiculu yeliBhayibheli. Kungenteka kutsi imiculu yesikhumba Pawula lacela Thimothi kutsi ete nayo beyitincenye letitsite temiBhalo YesiHebheru. Leminye yemiculu leyatfolakala eLwandle Lolufile beyibhalwe kulemiculu yesikhumba.​—2Tm 4:13.

• Imikhumbi yaseThashishi.

  Ekucaleni leligama belisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngemikhumbi lebeyiya eThashishi yakadzeni (lamuhla lebitwa ngekutsi Spaniya). Kubonakala shengatsi leligama labese lisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngemikhumbi lemikhulu lebeyikhona kuhamba emabanga lamadze. Solomoni kanye naJehoshafati bebayisebentisa lemikhumbi kuze batsenge futsi batsengise.​—1Ks 9:​26; 10:​22; 22:48.

• Imiktamu.

  Leli ligama lesiHebheru lelisetjentiswe emibhalweni lengenhla yetihlabelelo letisitfupha (Hl 16, 56-​60). Leligama linenchazelo lesingaciniseki ngayo, kodvwa kungenteka lihlobene neligama lelitsi “lokubhaliwe.”

• Imphepho.

  Lona ngumanafu lonuka kamnandzi lohlanganiswe nebhalisamu, lotsi nawushiswa, ushe kancane kancane bese ukhipha liphunga lelimnandzi. Bekwentiwa imphepho lekhetsekile ngemakha lamane kuze isetjentiswe ethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini. Beyishiswa ekuseni nasebusuku, ishiselwa e-al’thare lemphepho lebeliseNgcwele, futsi ngeLilanga Lekubuyisana NaNkulunkulu beyishiselwa eNgcwelengcwele. Beyimelela imithantazo leyemukelekako lebeyentiwa tinceku taNkulunkulu letetsembekile. Bekungakadzingeki kutsi emaKhristu ayishise.​—Eks 30:​34, 35; Lev 16:​13; Sem 5:8.

• IMure.

  Lona ngumanafu lonuka kamnandzi lotfolakala etihlahleni letehlukahlukene letinemanyeva nobe etihlahleni letincane teluhlobo lwe-Commiphora. Imure beyisetjentiswa nakwakhiwa emafutsa langcwele  ekugcoba. Beyisetjentiswa kuze kwentiwe kutsi timphahla nemibhedze kunuke kamnandzi, futsi beyifakwa emafutseni ekubhujunga umtimba nasemafutseni ekugcobisa. Imure beyiphindze isetjentiselwe kugcobisa sidvumbu nasiyongcwatjwa.​—Eks 30:​23; Tag 7:​17; Joh 19:39.

• IMuthi-labheni.

  Leli ligama lelisembhalweni longenhla weTihlabelelo 9. Kusukela kadzeni belatiwa ngekutsi “likhuluma ngekufa kwendvodzana.” Labanye batsi kungenteka bekuligama lengoma letsite leyatiwako lebeyitawusetjentiswa nakuhlatjelwa lesihlabelelo nobe kutsi bekungemavi ekuvula aleyongoma.

• Imvubelo.

  Lena yintfo letsite lebeyitselwa etikwenhlama nobe etintfweni letingemanti kuze kubile; bekuyincenye letsite yenhlama lebilile lebeyitsatfwa kulenye lebilile. Leligama livame kusetjentiswa eBhayibhelini nakukhulunywa ngesono nangekonakala, liphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngekwandza lokukhulu kodvwa lokunganakeki.​—Eks 12:​20; Mat 13:​33; Gal 5:9.

• INadi.

  Lawa ngemafutsa ladulako lanuka kamnandzi lanembala lobovana, futsi entiwe ngesihlahla lesinukelela kahle. (Nardostachys jatamansi ). Ngenca yekutsi lamafutsa bekadulile, esikhatsini lesinyenti bekavame kuhlanganiswa nalamanye lashiphile, futsi ngalesinye sikhatsi bekuvame kwakhiwa langasiwo. BoMakho naJohane babhala kutsi “inadi sibili” yasetjentiswa kuJesu.​—Mak 14:3; Joh 12:3.

• Inceku lesebentako.

  Lena yindlela yekuhumusha ligama lesiGriki lelitsi di·aʹko·nos, lelivame kuhunyushwa ngekutsi “yinceku” nobe “sisebenti.” Ligama lelitsi “inceku lesebentako” lisho umuntfu losita sigungu salabadzala belibandla. Kunetimiso letiseBhayibhelini lokufanele aphile ngekuvumelana nato kuze akufanele kwenta lomsebenti lobalulekile.​—1Tm 3:​8-10, 12.

• Incola.

  Lena yintfo lenemasondvo lamabili lebeyidvonswa ngemahhashi futsi beyisetjentiswa kakhulu emphini.​—Eks 14:​23; Tik 4:​13; Imi 8:28.

• Indandatho yesicinisekiso.

  Lolu luphawu lobelufakwa emunweni nobe entsanjeni, lokungenteka kutsi beyigatjwa entsanyeni. Beyiluphawu loluveta kutsi umuntfu uneligunya lekuba ngumbusi nobe siphatsimandla. (Gen 41:​42)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi LUPHAWU.

• INdlela.

  Leli ligama lelisetjentiswako emiBhalweni kuze limelele indlela yekwenta tintfo nobe kutiphatsa lokwemukelwa nguJehova nobe langakwemukeli. Labo lababa balandzeli baJesu Khristu bekutsiwa bangemalunga ‘aleNdlela,’ lokusho kutsi bebaphila ngekuvumelana nekukholwa kwabo kuJesu Khristu, balandzela sibonelo sakhe.​—Imi 19:9.

• INdlovukazi yeliZulu.

  Lesi sicu sankulunkulukati lobekakhontwa ngema-Israyeli lahlubukile ngesikhatsi saJeremiya. Labanye batsi leligama lisho nkulunkulukati waseBhabhulona lokutsiwa ngu-Ishtar (Astarte). Ligama lankulunkulukati lofana naye waseSumer lelitsi Inanna lisho “iNdlovukazi yeliZulu.” Bekangagcini nje ngekuhlotjaniswa nemazulu, kodvwa bekatsatfwa ngekutsi ngunkulunkulukati wentalo. Kulamanye emavi labhalwa bantfu baseGibhithe, Astarte ubitwa nangekutsi “Ngumfati weliZulu.”​—Jer 44:19.

• INdvodzana yaDavide.

  Leli ligama lebelivame kusetjentiswa kuJesu, beligcizelela kutsi uyiNdlalifa yesivumelwane seMbuso lebesitawufezwa ngumuntfu lobekatawuphuma emndenini waDavide.​—Mat 12:​23; 21:9.

• INdvodzana yemuntfu.

  Leli ligama lelitfolakala tikhatsi letingaba ngu-80 emaVangelini. Libhekisela kuJesu Khristu, liveta kutsi ngenca yekutalwa ngumuntfu, waba ngumuntfu hhayi sidalwa lesingumoya lesinemtimba wemuntfu. Leligama liveta nekutsi Jesu bekatawugcwalisa siphrofetho lesikuDanyela 7:​13, 14. EmiBhalweni YesiHebheru, leligama lasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngaHezekeli nangaDanyela, futsi beliveta umehluko emkhatsini waletitfunywa letibantfu naLoyo lobekuvela kuye lomlayeto lebetiwumemetela.​—Hez 3:​17; Dan 8:​17; Mat 19:​28; 20:28.

• Indvuku lecijile.

  Lena yindvuku lendze lenensimbi lecijile ngembili, beyisetjentiswa bafuyi kuze bagalele tilwane. Lendvuku lecijile icatsaniswa nemagama emuntfu lohlakaniphile lenta kutsi lolalele asitsatse leseluleko lesihlakaniphile. ‘Kukhahlela tindvuku leticijile’ kususelwa esentweni  senkunzi lenenkhani lekhahlela lendvuku lecijile ngobe ingafuni kucondziswa ngayo, futsi ibese iyalimala.​—Imi 26:​14; Tik 3:31.

• Indvwangu yelisaka.

  Lena yindvwangu lehhedletako lesetjentiselwa kwakha emasaka nobe tikhwama, lokufaka ekhatsi tikhwama tekuphatsa lokutinhlavu. Beyivame kwelukwa ngeboya bembuti lobumnyamana futsi beyembatfwa nakulilwa.​—Gen 37:​34; Luk 10:13.

• Indvwangu.

  Lena yindvwangu lenhle lebeyitfungiwe futsi yahlotjiswa ngemifanekiso yemakherubhi, lebeyehlukanisa iNgcwele neNgcwelengcwele ethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini. (Eks 26:​31; 2Tk 3:​14; Mat 27:​51; Heb 9:3)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5.

• Indzawo lengcwele.

  Lena bekuyindzawo lesetjentiswa ngenjongo yekukhonta. Kodvwa etikhatsini letinyenti isho lithende lekukhontela nobe lithempeli lebeliseJerusalema. Leligama liphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngendzawo Nkulunkulu lahlala kuyo emazulwini.​—Eks 25:​8, 9; 2Ks 10:​25; 1Tk 28:​10; Sem 11:19.

• Indzawo lephakeme.

  Lena yindzawo yekukhontela levama kuba segcumeni, entsabeni, noma endzaweni lephakeme leyakhiwe ngumuntfu. Ngaletinye tikhatsi, tindzawo letiphakeme betisetjentiswa kuze kukhontwe Nkulunkulu, kodvwa etikhatsini letinyenti betivame kusetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngekukhonta bonkulunkulu bemanga.​—Num 33:​52; 1Ks 3:2; Jer 19:5.

• Ingcongwane.

  Lena yintfo lehlotjisiwe lebeyibekwa ngetulu kwensika. Bekunetingcongwane letinkhulu lebetibekwe ngetulu kwetinsika letimbili lokutsiwa yiJakhini neBhowazi, lebetingembili ethempelini laSolomoni. (1Ks 7:​16)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B8.

• INgcwele.

  Leli likamelo lekucala futsi lelikhulu lebelisethendeni lekukhontela noma ethempelini, futsi alifani nelikamelo lebelisekhatsi nekhatsi, lokuyiNgcwelengcwele. INgcwele lebeyisethendeni lekukhontela beyinelutsi lwesibane seligolide, li-al’thare lekushisa imphepho lelentiwe ngeligolide, litafula letinkhwa letinikelwe kuNkulunkulu, kanye netintfo teligolide; kantsi iNgcwele lebeyisethempelini yona beyineli-al’thare leligolide, tintsi tetibane teligolide letingu-10, kanye nematafula langu-10 etinkhwa letinikelwe kuNkulunkulu. (Eks 26:​33; Heb 9:2)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5 na-B8.

• INgcwelengcwele.

  Leli likamelo lebelisekhatsi nekhatsi ethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini, lapho bekuhlala khona libhokisi lesivumelwane. Ngekusho kweMtsetfo waMosi, umphristi lophakeme nguye kuphela lobekavumeleke kungena eNgcwelengcwele futsi bekangena kuphela ngeLilanga Lekubuyisana NaNkulunkulu, lebelibakhona njalo ngemnyaka.​—Eks 26:​33; Lev 16:​2, 17; 1Ks 6:​16; Heb 9:3.

• Ingilosi Lenkhulu.

  Leligama lisho “ingilosi leyinhloko.” Lenchazelo yaleligama kanye neliciniso lekutsi eBhayibhelini “ingilosi lenkhulu” isetjentiswa ebunyeni kuphela, kuveta kutsi yinye kuphela ingilosi lenkhulu. LiBhayibheli liyalisho ligama lalengilosi lenkhulu, litsi nguMikhayeli.​—Dan 12:1; Jud 9; Sem 12:7.

• Ingoma yekulila.

  Lena yindzaba lebhalwako leyendlulisela buhlungu lobukhulu, njengekulila nangabe ushonelwe ngumngani wakho nobe umuntfu lomtsandzako, ingaba ngemagama nobe umculo; ibitwa nangekutsi sililo.​—2Sa 1:​17; Hl 7:0.

• Ingoma Yekwenyukela Edolobheni.

  Lona ngumbhalo longenhla weTihlabelelo 120-​134. Nanobe kunemibono leyehlukene mayelana nenchazelo yalamagama, bantfu labanyenti bakholelwa kutsi letihlabelelo letingu-15 betihlatjelwa ngema-Israyeli lajabulile ‘nakenyukela’ eJerusalema, lebeyisentsabeni yakaJuda, nakayogubha imikhosi lemikhulu lemitsatfu.

• Ingwadla.

  Lona ngumuntfu lolala nemuntfu langakashadi naye, ikakhulukati nangabe afuna imali. (Ligama lesiGriki lelitsi porʹne lelisho “ingwadla,” lisuselwa egameni lelisho “kutsengisa.”) Leligama livame kusetjentiswa libhekisele kumuntfu lomsikati, kodvwa eBhayibhelini kuyakhulunywa nangebantfu labadvuna lebebatingwadla. UMtsetfo waMosi bewungakuvumeli kugwadla, futsi umuntfu bekangakavumeleki kunikela ngemali yebugwadla endzaweni lengcwele yaJehova. Loku bekwehlukile kuloko lobekwentiwa bantfu labangamkhonti Nkulunkulu ngobe bona bebasebentisa  tingwadla tasethempelini kuze batfole imali. (Dut 23:​17, 18; 1Ks 14:​24) LiBhayibheli liphindze lilisebentise leligama nalikhuluma ngebantfu, tive, nobe tinhlangano letihlanganyela kunobe ngukuphi kukhonta kwetithico kodvwa tibe titsi tikhonta Nkulunkulu. Nasi sibonelo: Embhalweni weSembulo, “iBhabhulona Lenkhulu” ichazwa ngekutsi iyingwadla ngobe itihlanganisa nebabusi bemhlaba kuze ibe nemandla futsi injinge.​—Sem 17:​1-5; 18:3; 1Tk 5:25.

• Inhlawulo.

  Loku ngulokubhadalwako kuze kukhululwe umuntfu ekutfunjweni, ekujezisweni, ekuhluphekeni, esonweni nobe kulokutsite lobekusibopho. Bekungasiyo imali kuphela lebekubhadalwa ngayo. (Isa 43:3) Inhlawulo beyidzingeka etimeni letehlukahlukene. Nasi sibonelo: Ka-Israyeli tonkhe tilwane letindvuna letingematibulo nobe bafana labangematibulo bebabaJehova, futsi bekufanele kukhokhwe inhlawulo nobe imali yekubahlenga, kuze bakhululwe ekwenteni imisebenti yaJehova kuphela. (Num 3:​45, 46; 18:​15, 16) Nangabe inkunzi leyingoti futsi lengakagadvwa ibulala umuntfu, umnikati wayo bekufanele abhadale inhlawulo kuze akhululwe esigwebeni sekufa. (Eks 21:​29, 30) Nanobe kunjalo, inhlawulo levela kumuntfu lobulele ngemabomu beyingemukeleki. (Num 35:​31) LiBhayibheli ligcizelela inhlawulo lebaluleke kakhulu leyakhishwa nguKhristu ngesikhatsi abulawa aba ngumhlatjelo kuze akhulule bantfu labalalelako esonweni nasekufeni.​—Hl 49:​7, 8; Mat 20:​28; Efe 1:7.

• INkantolo YemaJuda.

  Lena yinkantolo lenkhulu yemaJuda lebeyiseJerusalema. Ngesikhatsi saJesu, lenkantolo beyinemalunga langu-71, futsi bekafaka ekhatsi umphristi lophakeme, labanye lebebake baba baphristi labaphakeme, emalunga emindeni yebaphristi labaphakeme, emadvodza lamadzala, tinhloko temindeni netesive kanye netati temtsetfo.​—Mak 15:1; Imi 5:​34; 23:​1, 6.

• Inkatho.

  Lawa ngematje lamancane nobe tigodvo letichekekile nobe ematje lachekekile lebekasetjentiswa kuze kwentiwe tincumo. Bekatsatfwa afakwe emphahleni legociwe nobe esitjeni bese ayakhuhlutiswa. Litje lebeliwa nobe lebelikhishwa ngilo lebelikhetfwa. Inkatho beyivame kwentiwa ngemthantazo. Ligama lelitsi “inkatho” liyasetjentiswa njengobe linjalo nobe lisetjentiswe kuze limelele ‘sabelo.’​—Jos 14:2; Hl 16:5; Tag 16:​33; Mat 27:35.

• Inkhanyeti yekusa.

  Lena yinkhanyeti legcinako kuvela emphumalanga ngaphambi kwekutsi kuphume lilanga, futsi ngaloko isuke ikhombisa kutsi sekutawucala lilanga lelisha.​—Sem 22:​16; 2Ph 1:19.

• Insika lengcwele.

  NgesiHebheru leligama (ʼashe·rahʹ ) lisho (1) insika lengcwele lemelela Ashera longunkulunkulukati wentalo webantfu baseKhenani, nobe (2) umfanekiso walonkulunkulukati longu-Ashera. Kungenteka kutsi letinsika betima ticondze futsi lenye incenye yato beyakhiwe ngelugodvo. Kungenteka kutsi bekungemapali langakabatwa nobe tihlahla.​—Dut 16:​21; Tik 6:​26; 1Ks 15:13.

• Insika.

  Lena yintfo yekusimisa leyakhiwe yema nobe intfo leyakhiwe yafana nako. Letinye tinsika betakhiwa kuze tibe sikhumbuto salokwenteka kadzeni. Tinsika letakhiwe tasetjentiswa ethempelini kanye nasesigodlweni lesakhiwa nguSolomoni. Bantfu labangamkhonti Nkulunkulu bamisa ematje langcwele lebekahambisana nekukhonta kwabo kwemanga, futsi ngaletinye tikhatsi ema-Israyeli bekawulingisa lomkhuba. (Tik 16:​29; 1Ks 7:​21; 14:​23)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi INGCONGWANE.

• Intfonga.

  Lesi sicwayi nobe indvuku lephatfwa ngumbusi futsi iluphawu lwekutsi uneligunya lekubusa.​—Gen 49:​10; Heb 1:8.

• I-oniksi.

  Leli litje lelingasilo ligugu kangako lelinetinhlobonhlobo temibala nobe lelinemalayini lamibalabala. I-oniksi inembala lomhlophe nalomnyama, lobubendze, lobovu, lo-gray nobe loluhlata. Lelitje belifakwa etembatfweni letikhetsekile temphristi lophakeme.​—Eks 28:​9, 12; 1Tk 29:2; Job 28:16.

• IPhaphira.

  Lesi sihlahla lesimila emantini lesifana nemhlanga lesisetjentiselwa kwakha bobhasikidi, tindishi kanye netikebhe. Beyiphindze isetjentiselwe kwakha intfo letsite lefana neliphepha lebekubhalelwa kuyo futsi yasetjentiswa emiculwini leminyenti.​—Eks 2:3.

•  IPheresiya; emaPheresiya.

  Leli live kanye nebantfu bakhona, futsi kubonakala shengatsi bebahlobene nemaMediya. Emlandvweni wakadzeni, emaPheresiya bekahlala kuphela encenyeni yendzawo lebekile lengaseningizimu-nshonalanga ye-Iran. Ngesikhatsi kubusa Khuresi Lomkhulu (lowatalwa ngubabe longumPheresiya namake longumMediya ngekusho kwaletinye tati temlandvo takadzeni), emaPheresiya abusa emaMediya ngisho nobe lombuso bewakhiwa ngito totimbili letive. Khuresi wancoba uMbuso waseBhabhulona nga-539 B.C.E., futsi wavumela emaJuda lebekatfunjiwe kutsi abuyele eveni lawo. UMbuso wemaPheresiya bewusuka eMfuleni i-Indus ngasemphumalanga uze uyofika eLwandle i-Aegean lolusenshonalanga. EmaJuda bekabuswa ngemaPheresiya kwaze kwaba ngulapho Alexander Lomkhulu ancoba emaPheresiya nga-331 B.C.E. UMbuso wemaPheresiya wabonwa nguDanyela embonweni, futsi kwabhalwa ngawo nasetincwadzini teliBhayibheli letifaka ekhatsi ya-Ezra, yaNehemiya neya-Esta. (Ezr 1:1; Dan 5:​28)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B9.

• IPhurimu.

  Lona ngumkhosi lobewugujwa njalo ngemnyaka, nga-Adari 14 na-15. Bewuwekukhumbula kukhululwa kwemaJuda ekubulaweni ngesikhatsi kuseneNdlovukazi Esta. Leligama lelitsi pu·rimʹ alisilo lesiHebheru, futsi lisho “inkatho.” UMkhosi wePhurimu nobe uMkhosi weNkatho wabitwa ngaleligama ngemuva kwekutsi Hamani ente iPhuri (lokuyiNkatho) kuze atfole lilanga lebekatawubulala ngalo emaJuda.​—Est 3:7; 9:26.

• I-Porneia.​—

  Fundza ligama lelitsi BUGWADLA.

• ISamariya.

  Kwaphela iminyaka lengu-200 lena kuyinhlokodolobha yembuso wetive taka-Israyeli letingu-10 tasenyakatfo, futsi bekuphindze kube ligama layo yonkhe indzawo yalombuso. Lelidolobha belakhiwe entsabeni lebitwa ngalo leligama. Ngesikhatsi saJesu, iSamariya bekusifundza lebesisemkhatsini wenyakatfo yeGalile neningizimu yeJudiya. Jesu bekangakavami kushumayela kulendzawo, kodvwa ngaletinye tikhatsi bekendlula khona futsi akhulume nebantfu bakhona. Phetro wasebentisa sikhiya sesibili seMbuso ngesikhatsi bantfu baseSamariya bemukela umoya longcwele. (1Ks 16:​24; Joh 4:7; Imi 8:​14)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B10.

• IShiminithi.

  Leli ligama lebelisetjentiswa nakuhlatjelwa lelisho “siphohlongo,” lokungenteka libhekisela enothini leliphansi lemculo nobe endleleni lelidlalwa ngayo. Etinsimbini temculo, kungenteka leligama lisho tinkinobho letikhipha ibhesi nangabe kunemanothi ladzinga kudlalwa ngebhesi. Nakuhlatjelwa, kungenteka leligama lisho tinsimbi letikhalela phansi letihambisana nemculo lohlatjelwa kahle.​—1Tk 15:​21; Hl 6:0; 12:0.

• IShiyoli.

  Leli ligama lesiHebheru lelifana neligama lesiGriki lelitsi “iHayidesi.” Lihunyushwe ngekutsi “liThuna” (laba nafeleba), kuze kubonakale kutsi kushiwo lithuna lebantfu hhayi lithuna lemuntfu munye.​—Gen 37:​35; Hl 16:​10; Imi 2:​31 (imibhalo lengentasi).

• ISiritisi.

  Leti tihlenge letimbili letinkhulu letingashoni letiselugwini lwaseLibhiya, leseNyakatfo ne-Afrika, lebetesatjwa bantfu lebebahamba ngemikhumbi kadzeni ngenca yekungetsembakali kwesihlabatsi lebesingephansi kwelwandle lebesihanjiswa ngemagagasi. (Imi 27:​17)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B13.

• ISiriya; emaSiriya.​—

  Fundza ligama lelitsi I-ARAMU; EMA-ARAMU.

• ISiyoni; INtsaba iSiyoni.

  Leli ligama lelidolobha lelivikelekile lemaJebhusi lebelisegcumeni leliseningizimu-mphumalanga yeJerusalema. Ngemuva kwekutsi Davide ancobe lelidolobha, wakha sigodlo sakhe lapho futsi lendzawo yabese yatiwa ngekutsi “liDolobha laDavide.” (2Sa 5:​7, 9) ISiyoni yaba yintsaba lengcwele kuJehova ngesikhatsi Davide atfutsa Libhokisi Lesivumelwane aliyisa khona. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, leligama beselisho nendzawo lebekwakhiwe kuyo lithempeli eNtsabeni iMoriya, futsi ngaletinye tikhatsi belisho lonkhe lidolobha laseJerusalema. EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leligama livame kusetjentiswa kuze limelele lokutsite.​—Hl 2:6; 1Ph 2:6; Sem 14:1.

• Israyeli.

  Leli ligama Nkulunkulu laliniketa Jakobe. Lagcine selisho yonkhe intalelwane yakhe lebeyiphila ngetikhatsi letitsite  emlandvweni. Intalelwane yemadvodzana aJakobe langu-12 beyivame kubitwa ngekutsi ngemadvodzana a-Israyeli, sive saka-Israyeli, bantfu (emadvodza) baka-Israyeli nobe ema-Israyeli. Leligama lelitsi Israyeli beliphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngetive letingu-10 tembuso wasenyakatfo letehlukana nembuso waseningizimu, futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi kwaba ligama lelisetjentiswako nakukhulunywa ngemaKhristu lagcotjiwe, “lokungu-Israyeli waNkulunkulu.”​—Gal 6:​16; Gen 32:​28; 2Sa 7:​23; Rom 9:6.

• IThartharusi.

  EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leligama lisho simo sekuboshwa lesisajele lapho kwavalelwa khona tingilosi letingazange tilalele ngesikhatsi saNowa. Ku-2 Phetro 2:4 kusetjentiswa kwesento lesitsi tar·ta·roʹo (“kujika eThartharusi”) akusho kutsi “tingilosi letona” tafakwa eThartharusi leyo tihlubuki letikholelwa kuyo (lokulijele lelingaphansi kwemhlaba futsi leliyindzawo lemnyama yabonkulunkulu labancane). Esikhundleni saloko, kuveta kutsi tehliswa nguNkulunkulu etindzaweni tato letisezulwini futsi emalungelo ato atsatfwa tase tifakwa ebumnyameni lobukhulu kuze tingayicondzi injongo yaNkulunkulu lecacile. Lobumnyama buchaza nesimo letitawuphetsela kuso, leso imiBhalo lekhombisa kutsi sikubhujiswa phakadze tikanye nembusi wato, longuSathane Develi. Ngako-ke iThartharusi isho simo lesiphansi kakhulu leso tingilosi letavukela letabekwa kuso. Ayifanani ‘nemgodzi longenamkhawulo’ lokukhulunywa ngawo kuSembulo 20:​1-3.

• ITherafimu.

  Laba bonkulunkulu basekhaya nobe tithico, ngaletinye tikhatsi bebasetjentiswa nakuphengulwa. (Hez 21:​21) Labanye balabonkulunkulu bebalingana nemuntfu futsi bamise kwemuntfu, kantsi labanye bebabancane. (Gen 31:​34; 1Sa 19:​13, 16) Lokutfolwe ngulabagubha tintfo takadzeni eMesophothamiya kuveta kutsi umuntfu lobekutfolakala kuye titfombe tetherafimu nguye lobekatfola lifa emndenini. (Mhlawumbe kungako Rakheli atsatsa itherafimu yababe wakhe.) Noma kunjalo, kubonakala shengatsi loku bekungenteki kuma-Israyeli ngisho nobe kukhonta tithico nekusetjentiswa kwetherafimu bekukhona ngetikhatsi tebehluleli kanye nangesikhatsi sekubusa emakhosi, futsi tithico tetherafimu tinguletinye tetintfo letashiswa yiNkhosi Josaya leyetsembekile.​—Tik 17:5; 2Ks 23:​24; Hos 3:4.

• ITopiya.

  Leli live lakadzeni lebeliseningizimu yeGibhithe. Ifaka ekhatsi incenye lenyenti leseningizimu yeGibhithe yalamuhla kanye neSudan yalamuhla. Ngalesinye sikhatsi leligama lisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngeligama lesiHebheru lelitsi “iKushe.”​—Est 1:1.

• I-Urimu neThumimu.

  Leti tintfo lebetisetjentiswa ngumphristi lophakeme, futsi betisebenta njengenkatho kuze atfole intsandvo yaNkulunkulu nangabe kunemibuto lebalulekile esiveni lebeyidzinga imphendvulo levela kuJehova. I-Urimu neThumimu beyifakwa ngekhatsi kwesembatfo sesifuba semphristi lophakeme nakangena ethendeni lekukhontela. Kubonakala ngatsi yayekelwa kusetjentiswa ngesikhatsi baseBhabhulona babhubhisa iJerusalema.​—Eks 28:​30; Neh 7:65.

• IYufrathe.

  Lona ngumfula lomudze kakhulu futsi lobaluleke kakhulu loseningizimu-nshonalanga ye-Asia, futsi ungulomunye wemifula lemikhulu kulemibili leseMesophothamiya. Lomfula kukhulunywa ngawo kwekucala kuGenesisi 2:​14, futsi ungulomunye wemifula lemine lebeyise-Edeni. Uvame kubitwa ngekutsi ‘nguMfula.’ (Gen 31:​21, umbhalo longentasi.) Bewungumncele losenyakatfo wendzawo leyanikwa ema-Israyeli. (Gen 15:​18; Sem 16:​12)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B2.

J

• Jakobe.

  Leli ligama lendvodzana ya-Isaka naRebheka. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi Nkulunkulu wametsa watsi ngu-Israyeli, futsi waba ngukhokho webantfu baka-Israyeli (lababitwa nangekutsi ngema-Israyeli, futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi babitwa ngekutsi ngemaJuda). Bekangubabe wemadvodzana langu-12, futsi wona kanye nentalelwane yawo bakha tive letingu-12 taka-Israyeli. Leligama lelitsi Jakobe lachubeka lisetjentiswa esiveni saka-Israyeli nobe kubantfu bakhona.​—Gen 32:​28; Mat 22:32.

• Jehova.

  Leli ligama lesiSwati lelivamile le-Tetragrammaton (tinhlavu letine  tesiHebheru telibito laNkulunkulu), lelivela tikhatsi letingetulu kwa-7 000 kulelihumusho.​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo A4 na-A5.

• Juda.

  Leli ligama lendvodzana yesine yaJakobe layitalelwa nguLeya umkakhe. Ngesikhatsi Jakobe asho siphrofetho sekatawufa, waphrofetha kutsi umbusi lomkhulu nalobekatawuba khona phakadze bekatawuvela eluhlwini lwemndeni waJuda. Ngesikhatsi alamhlabeni, Jesu watalelwa esiveni sakaJuda. Leligama liphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngesive sakaJuda futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi lasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngembuso lowetsiwa ngeligama laJuda. Njengobe umbuso wakaJuda uchazwa ngekutsi ngumbuso waseningizimu, bewakhiwa tive taka-Israyeli letifaka ekhatsi sive sakaJuda nesive sakaBhenjamini, nebaphristi kanye nemaLevi. Umbuso wakaJuda bewusencenyeni leseningizimu yalelive lebeyineJerusalema kanye nelithempeli.​—Gen 29:​35; 49:​10; 1Ks 4:​20; Heb 7:14.

K

• Khemoshi.

  Lona ngunkulunkulu lomkhulu webantfu bakaMowabi.​—1Ks 11:33.

• Khenani.

  Lona bekungumtukulu waNowa futsi bekayindvodzana yesine yaHhamu. Tive letingu-11 lebetiyintalelwane yaKhenani tagcina setihlala esifundzeni lesingasemphumalanga yeMedithera, emkhatsini weGibhithe neSiriya. Lendzawo yabitwa ngekutsi ‘live laseKhenani.’ (Lev 18:3; Gen 9:​18; Imi 13:​19)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B4.

• Khesari.

  Leligama belisetjentiswa yimindeni yaseRoma futsi lagcine selisicu sebabusi baseRoma. EBhayibhelini kuyakhulunywa nga-Agustusi, Thibheriyusi naKlawudiyusi, futsi leligama liyasebenta nakuNero ngisho nobe ligama lakhe lingaveli eBhayibhelini. EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leligama lelitsi “Khesari” liphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngeligunya lekubusa nobe uMbuso.​—Mak 12:​17; Imi 25:12.

• Khislevu.

  Ngemuva kwekubuya kwemaJuda eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lenyanga yesi-9 kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda futsi kwaba ligama lenyanga yesitsatfu kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waNovember iphele emkhatsini waDecember. (Neh 1:1; Zak 7:1)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Khristu.

  Lesi sicu saJesu lesisuselwa egameni lesiGriki lelitsi Khri·stosʹ, futsi sifana neligama lesiHebheru lelihunyushwe ngekutsi “Mesiya” nobe “Logcotjiwe.”​—Mat 1:​16; Joh 1:41.

• Kona lokuhambisana nekwedzelela.

  Leligama lisuselwa egameni lesiGriki lelitsi a·selʹgei·a, lokuligama lelikhuluma ngetento letiyephula mbamba imitsetfo yaNkulunkulu futsi letikhomba kwedzelela nobe kungabi nemahloni; kungumoya loveta kungahloniphi nobe kwedzelela ligunya, imitsetfo kanye netimiso. Leligama alibhekiseli esentweni lesingasisibi kakhulu.​—Gal 5:​19; 2Ph 2:7.

• Kuba khona.

  Kuletinye tindzawo EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leligama lichaza kuba khona kwaJesu Khristu loyinkhosi kusukela ngesikhatsi abekwa ngendlela lengabonakali kutsi abe yiNkhosi lenguMesiya kuchubekele nasemalangeni ekugcina alelive. Kuba khona kwaKhristu akusiko nje kufika nekuhamba kwakhe lokusheshako; kodvwa kusikhatsi lesitsite lesinetibonakaliso.​—Mat 24:3.

• Kuba ngcwele; Bungcwele.

  Lesi simo Jehova lanaso ngekwemvelo; simo sekuba msulwa ngekutiphatsa nesekungabi nesici. (Eks 28:​36; 1Sa 2:2; Tag 9:​10; Isa 6:3) Nakukhulunywa ngebantfu (Eks 19:6; 2Ks 4:9), tilwane (Num 18:​17), tintfo (Eks 28:​38; 30:​25; Lev 27:​14), tindzawo (Eks 3:5; Isa 27:​13), tikhatsi (Eks 16:​23; Lev 25:​12), kanye nemisebenti letsite (Eks 36:4), ngesiHebheru leligama lisho kutehlukanisa, nobe kutingcwelisa kuNkulunkulu longcwele; kusimo sekutehlukanisa kuze umuntfu ente imisebenti yaJehova. EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, ligama lelitsi ‘ngcwele’ nalelitsi “bungcwele” asho kutehlukanisela Nkulunkulu. Lamagama aphindze asetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngekuba msulwa endleleni umuntfu latiphatsa ngayo.​—2Kt 7:1; 1Ph 1:​15, 16.

• Kubeka tandla.

  Tandla betibekwa kumuntfu kuze anikwe umsebenti lokhetsekile nobe kuze atfole sibusiso, elashwe nobe atfole sipho lesingumoya longcwele. Ngalesinye  sikhatsi, tandla betibekwa etikwesilwane ngaphambi kwekutsi kwentiwe umhlatjelo ngaso.​—Eks 29:​15; Num 27:​18; Imi 19:6; 1Tm 5:22.

• Kubhula.

  Lesi sento sekususa kolo eluhlangeni nekuwehlukanisa emakhobeni. Bekubhulwa ngesandla kusetjentiswa indvuku, nangabe kukunyenti lokufuna kubhulwe bekusetjentiswa tintfo letikhetsekile njengetihliphi letidvonswa tilwane. Letihliphi betihanjiswa etikwalokolo lobewusakatwe ebaleni lekubhulela. (Lev 26:5; Isa 41:​15)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi LIBALA LEKUBHULELA.

• Kubutsa lokusele.

  Loku kubutsisa nobe yini leshiywe ngulabavunako, kungaba ngulabakushiye ngemabomu nobe labakushiye ngesiphosiso. UMtsetfo waMosi bewutsi bantfu bangavuni konkhe emasimini abo futsi bewutsi bangawakhi onkhe emagilebisi nobe titselo temncumo. Leli bekulilungelo Nkulunkulu lebekalinike bantfu labeswele, labahluphekile, tihambi, tintsandzane kanye nebafelokati kuze batitsatsele loko lokusele nakuvunwa.​—Rut 2:7.

• Kubuyisana.

  EmiBhalweni YesiHebheru, kubuyisana bekuhlobene nemihlatjelo lebeyentiwa kuze bantfu bakhone kusondzela kuNkulunkulu futsi bamkhonte. EMtsetfweni waMosi, imihlatjelo beyivame kwentiwa NgeLilanga Lekubuyisana NaNkulunkulu, kuze yente bantfu babuyisane naNkulunkulu ngisho nobe umuntfu ngamunye ona nobe sonkhe sive sona. Lemihlatjelo beyimelela umhlatjelo lobewutawentiwa nguJesu, loyo lowenta kutsi tonkhe tono tebantfu tihlawulelwe kube kanye kuphela, futsi lowaniketa bantfu litfuba lekutsi babuyisane naJehova.​—Lev 5:​10; 23:​28; Kho 1:​20; Heb 9:12.

• Kucalekisa.

  Loku kusho kusongela nobe kufisela umuntfu kutsi ehlelwe yintfo lembi. Akusho kwetfuka inhlamba nobe kutfukutsela kakhulu. Esikhatsini lesinyenti, sicalekiso siba ngemavi lashiwoko labiketela intfo lembi letawehlela umuntfu, futsi nangabe ashiwo nguNkulunkulu nobe lomunye umuntfu loneligunya, asuke anenchazelo lesiphrofetho futsi anesisindvo.​—Gen 12:3; Num 22:​12; Gal 3:10.

• Kugcoba.

  NgesiHebheru, leligama lisho “kugcobisa ngentfo lengemanti.” Emafutsa bekagcotjiswa kumuntfu nobe entfweni letsite kuze kuvetwe kutinikela kwakhe emsebentini lokhetsekile. EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leligama liphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngekutfululwa kwemoya longcwele kulabakhetsiwe labanelitsemba lekuphila ezulwini.​—Eks 28:​41; 1Sa 16:​13; 2Kt 1:21.

• Kuhlanteka.

  EBhayibhelini leligama aligcini nje ngekusho kuhloba emtimbeni, kodvwa liphindze lisho kugcina intfo isesimeni sekungasoleki, sekuba bete sici nobe kuyibuyisela kuleso simo, futsi kususwe nobe yini leyingcolisako, leyenta ingabi sesimeni lesikahle, nobe leyonakalisa kutiphatsa kanye nebuhlobo naNkulunkulu. EMtsetfweni waMosi leligama lisho kuhlanteka ngendlela lehambisana nemasiko.​—Lev 10:​10; Hl 51:7; Mat 8:2; 1Kt 6:11.

• Kuhlubuka.

  NgesiGriki leligama (a·po·sta·siʹa) lisuselwe esentweni lesitsi nasihunyushwe njengobe kunjalo sisho “kutehlukanisa.” Leligama linemcondvo “wekulahla, kushiya, nobe kuvukela.” EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, ligama lelitsi “kuhlubuka” lisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngalabo labashiya kukhonta kweliciniso.​—Tag 11:​9, umbhalo longentasi; Imi 21:​21; 2Te 2:3.

• Kuhlupheka lokukhulu.

  Ligama lesiGriki lelisho “kuhlupheka” lendlulisela umcondvo wekuba selusizini nobe kucindzeteleka lokubangwa timo letimatima. Jesu wakhuluma ‘ngekuhlupheka lokukhulu’ lobekutawufikela iJerusalema, kodvwa wagcizelela loko lobekutawufikela bonkhe bantfu ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi lobekutawube kuhambisana ‘nekuta kwakhe akhatimula.’ (Mat 24:​21, 29-31) Pawula watsi lokuhlupheka kusento saNkulunkulu lesikhombisa kulunga lesimelene ‘nalabo labangamati Nkulunkulu nalabangatilaleli tindzaba letimnandzi’ letimayelana naJesu Khristu. Sembulo sehluko 19 sichaza Jesu ngekutsi uhola emabutfo asezulwini lalwa ‘nesilwane sesiganga, emakhosi emhlaba nemabutfo awo.’ (2Te 1:​6-8; Sem 19:​11-21) “Sicumbi lesikhulu sebantfu” sibonakala sisindza kulokuhlupheka. (Sem 7:​9, 14)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi AMAGEDONI.

• Kulila.

  Lena yindlela yekukhombisa lusizi nangabe umuntfu ashonelwe nobe nangabe ehlelwe yinhlekelele. Ngetikhatsi  tekubhalwa kweliBhayibheli, bekulisiko kutsi bantfu balile sikhatsi lesitsite. Ngetulu nje kwekukhala kakhulu, bantfu labalilako bebagcoka timphahla tekulila, batitsele ngemlotsa enhloko, badzabule timphahla tabo futsi bashaye tifuba tabo. Ngaletinye tikhatsi nakunemngcwabo, bekumenywa bantfu labanelikhono lekulila.​—Gen 23:2; Est 4:3; Sem 21:4.

• Kulunga.

  EBhayibhelini, leligama lisho loko lokulungile lokuhambisana netimiso taNkulunkulu talokulungile nalokungakalungi.​—Gen 15:6; Dut 6:​25; Tag 11:4; Zef 2:3; Mat 6:33.

• Kungcola.

  Kungenteka leligama lisho kungcola emtimbeni nobe kwephula imitsetfo yekutiphatsa. Kodvwa eBhayibhelini, leligama livame kusetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngentfo lengemukeleki, nobe lengcolile ngekusho kweMtsetfo waMosi. (Lev 5:2; 13:​45; Mat 10:1; Imi 10:​14; Efe 5:5)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi KUHLANTEKA.

• Kungena.

  Leli lisiko, lokwatsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi laba ngephansi kweMtsetfo waMosi, lapho khona indvodza itsatsa umfati wemnakabo loshonile futsi lote indvodzana kuze imtalise bantfwana labatawuvusa likhaya lemufi.​—Gen 38:8; Dut 25:5.

• Kupha labanye.

  Lesi sento sekunika bantfu labadzingile tipho. Letipho akukhulunywa ngato ngalokucondzile emiBhalweni yesiHebheru, kodvwa uMtsetfo waniketa ema-Israyeli ticondziso leticacile ngaloko lobekufanele akwentele labahluphekile.​—Mat 6:2.

• Kuphela kwalelive.

  Lesi sikhatsi lesiholela ekupheleni kwalelive nobe endleleni tintfo letentiwa ngayo lecondziswa nguSathane. Kwenteka ngesikhatsi lesifanako nekuba khona kwaKhristu. Jesu utawucondzisa tingilosi kutsi ‘tehlukanise bantfu lababi kulabalungile’ bese tiyababhubhisa. (Mat 13:​40-42, 49) Bafundzi baJesu bebafuna kwati kutsi kutawufika nini “kuphela kwalelive.” (Mat 24:3) Asengakabuyeli ezulwini, wetsembisa balandzeli bakhe kutsi utawuba nabo kuze kube nguleso sikhatsi.​—Mat 28:20.

• Kuphendvuka.

  Nalisetjentiswa eBhayibhelini, leligama lisho kushintja ingcondvo lokuhambisana nekutisola ngenhlitiyo yonkhe endleleni umuntfu bekaphila ngayo, etentweni takhe letimbi nobe etintfweni lehluleke kutenta. Kuphendvuka ngenhlitiyo yonkhe kuba nemiphumela lemihle, kwenta umuntfu ashintje indlela laphila ngayo.​—Mat 3:8; Imi 3:​19; 2Ph 3:9.

• Kuphinga.

  Lesi sento sangemabomu sekulala nemuntfu longakashadi naye. Singentiwa yindvodza leshadile nobe umfati loshadile.​—Eks 20:​14; Mat 5:​27; 19:9.

• Kusebentelana nemimoya.

  Lena yinkholelo yekutsi umoya wemuntfu uyachubeka uphila nangabe sekafile, nekutsi labafile bangakhona kukhuluma nalabaphilako futsi bayakhuluma nabo ikakhulukati basebentisa umuntfu (sangoma) losebentelana nemimoya. Emavi latsi “kusebentisa imimoya,” ahumusha ligama lesiGriki lelitsi phar·ma·kiʹa, lelitsi nalihunyushwe njengobe linjalo lisho “kusebentisa imitsi.” Leligama lahlotjaniswa nekusebentelana nemimoya ngobe kadzeni bekusetjentiswa imitsi nakuvuswa emandla emadimoni kuze kwentiwe butsakatsi.​—Gal 5:​20; Sem 21:8.

• Kusoka.

  Lesi sento sekususa lijwabu lesitfo sangasense semuntfu lomdvuna. Abrahama wanikwa umtsetfo wekutsi yena nentalelwane yakhe basoke, kodvwa emaKhristu akakabopheki kutsi asoke. Leligama liphindze lisetjentiswe kuletinye tindzawo kuze limelele lokutsite.​—Gen 17:​10; 1Kt 7:​19; Flp 3:3.

• Kutfunjwa.

  Loku kusho kususwa kwemuntfu eveni lakubo nobe ekhaya, futsi kuvama kuba ngumtsetfo lokhishwa ngulabancobe lelo live. NgesiHebheru leligama lisho “kuhamba.” Ema-Israyeli atfunjwa tikhatsi letimbili letaba yincophamlandvo. Tive letingu-10 taka-Israyeli letisenyakatfo tatfunjwa ngema-Asiriya, futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, tive letimbili taka-Israyeli letiseningizimu tatfunjwa bantfu baseBhabhulona. Bantfu labasala lena ekutfunjweni babuyiselwa eveni labo ngesikhatsi kubusa Khuresi inkhosi yasePheresiya.​—2Ks 17:6; 24:​16; Ezr 6:21.

• Kuvuka ekufeni.

  Leligama lisetjentiswa nangabe umuntfu lobekafile aphindze aphila. Nalihunyushwe njengobe linjalo, leligama lesiGriki lelitsi a·naʹsta·sis lisho “kuvuka; kusukuma.” LiBhayibheli likhuluma  ngebantfu labangu-9 labavuswa ekufeni, lokufaka ekhatsi Jesu lowavuswa nguJehova Nkulunkulu. Ngisho nobe labanye bantfu bavuswa ngu-Elija, ngu-Elisha, nguJesu, nguPhetro nanguPawula, kuyacaca kutsi letimangaliso bebatenta ngemandla aNkulunkulu. Kuvuswa kwebantfu “labalungile nalabangakalungi” lokutawenteka lamhlabeni kubalulekile kuze kugcwaliseke injongo yaNkulunkulu. (Imi 24:​15) LiBhayibheli liphindze likhulume nangekuvuselwa ezulwini, lokubitwa ngekutsi kuvuswa “kwekucala,” futsi kutawutfolwa bomnakabo Jesu labagcotjwe ngemoya.​—Flp 3:​11; Sem 20:​5, 6; Joh 5:​28, 29; 11:25.

• Kuzila kudla.

  Loku kusho kungadli sikhatsi lesitsite. Ema-Israyeli bekazila kudla ngeLilanga Lekubuyisana NaNkulunkulu, nangabe acindzetelekile nalapho adzinga sicondziso saNkulunkulu. EmaJuda abeka tikhatsi letine tekuzila kudla umnyaka nemnyaka kuze akhumbule tintfo letibuhlungu letenteka emlandvweni wawo. EmaKhristu awakabopheki kutsi azile kudla.​—Ezr 8:​21; Isa 58:6; Luk 18:12.

• Kwelishumi.

  Lena yincenye yelishumi ekhulwini lekhishwa nobe ibhadalwe njengemnikelo ikakhulukati nakukhontwa Nkulunkulu. (Mal 3:​10; Dut 26:​12; Mat 23:​23) Ngaphansi kweMtsetfo waMosi, njalo ngemnyaka emaLevi bekufanele aniketwe kwelishumi lobekutfolakele kulokulinyiwe nekwelishumi lobekutfolakele emihlambini yetimvu, yetimbuti neyetinkhomo lebeyandza kuze achubeke aphila. EmaLevi bekatsatsa incenye yinye kuletilishumi kuloku kwelishumi bekanikwe kona ayinikete baphristi lebebaphuma emndenini wa-Aroni kuze bachubeke baphila. Bekukhona nalokunye kwelishumi lobekukhishwa. EmaKhristu akudzingeki kutsi akhiphe kwelishumi.

• Kwenta liphutsa; Liphutsa.

  Loku kwephula umtsetfo lobekiwe; sento sekwephula umtsetfo. Kuyahambelana neligama lelitsi ‘sono’ eBhayibhelini.​—Hl 51:3; Rom 5:14.

• Kwetfwasa kwenyanga.

  Leli lilanga lekucala lenyanga ngayinye lelisekhalendeni yemaJuda, bekuba lilanga lekuhlangana ndzawonye, kwentiwe lidzili nemihlatjelo lekhetsekile. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, lelilanga labese liba ngumkhosi wesive lobalulekile futsi bantfu bebangasebenti ngalelolanga.​—Num 10:​10; 2Tk 8:​13; Kho 2:16.

L

• Lelive.

  Lena yindlela lokuhunyushwa ngayo ligama lesiGriki lelitsi ai·onʹ nangabe kukhulunywa ngetintfo letentekako ngaleso sikhatsi, nobe tintfo letehlukanisa sikhatsi lesitsite, nobe tintfo letibalulekile letenteka ngesikhatsi lesitsite. LiBhayibheli lisebentisa ligama lelitsi “lelive” nalikhuluma ngetintfo letivamile letentekako emhlabeni kanye nendlela bantfu labaphila ngayo. (2Tm 4:​10) Asebentisa sivumelwane seMtsetfo, Nkulunkulu wenta kutsi kube nesikhatsi labanye labangasibita ngekutsi sikhatsi lokwenteka ngaso tentakalo letibalulekile kuma-Israyeli nobe kumaJuda. Ngemhlatjelo wakhe loyinhlawulo, Jesu Khristu wasetjentiswa nguNkulunkulu kutsi ente kube nesikhatsi lesehlukile, futsi incenye yaso lenkhulu beyifaka ekhatsi libandla lemaKhristu lagcotjiwe. Loku kwacalisa sikhatsi lesisha setentakalo letibalulekile, lebesifaka ekhatsi kugcwaliseka kwetintfo lebetimelelwa sivumelwane seMtsetfo. Nalibhalwe laba sebunyentini, leligama lisho tikhatsi letehlukene talelive nobe tintfo letibalulekile letentekako eveni, tintfo lebetivele tikhona nobe letisatowuba khona.​—Mat 24:3; Mak 4:​19; Rom 12:2; 1Kt 10:11.

• Levi; UmLevi.

  Leli ligama lendvodzana yesitsatfu yaJakobe layitalelwa nguLeya umkakhe; kuphindze kube ligama lesive lesetsiwa ngelibito layo. Emadvodzana aLevi lamatsatfu ngiwo laba tinhloko temacembu lamatsatfu lahamba embili esiveni semaLevi. Ngalesinye sikhatsi, ligama lelitsi “emaLevi” lisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngaso sonkhe lesive, kodvwa alikavami kusetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngemndeni wa-Aroni webaphristi. Sive semaLevi asizange sinikwe indzawo lebeyitawuba lifa laso eVeni Lesetsembiso, kodvwa sanikwa emadolobha langu-48 lasetindzaweni lebetabelwe leletinye tive.​—Dut 10:8; 1Tk 6:1; Heb 7:11.

• Leviyathani.

  Lesi silwane lesihlotjaniswa nemanti futsi kungenteka sihlala emantini. KuJobe 3:8 na-41:​1, kungenteka kutsi leligama lisho ingwenya noma lolunye luhlobo lolukhulu lwesilwane lesihlala  emantini futsi lesinemandla. KuTihlabelelo 104:​26, kungenteka kutsi kukhulunywa ngeluhlobo lolutsite lwemkhoma. Kuletinye tindzawo lisetjentiswa kuze limelele lokutsite, futsi alisho silwane lesatiwako.​—Hl 74:​14; Isa 27:1.

• Li-al’thare.

  Lena yintfo leyakhiwe nobe indzawo leyentiwe yaphakama, leyakhiwe ngemhlabatsi, ngematje, ngetitini, nobe ngesigodvo lesimbonywe ngensimbi lapho bekunikelwa khona imihlatjelo nobe kushiswe imphepho nakukhontwa Nkulunkulu weliciniso nobe lomunye nkulunkulu. Ekamelweni lekucala lelithende lekukhontela nelelithempeli, ‘bekuneli-al’thare lelincane leligolide’ lapho bekushiselwa khona imphepho. Belakhiwe ngesigodvo futsi limbonywe ngeligolide. ‘Li-al’thare lelikhulu lelitfusi’ lobekwentiwa kulo iminikelo yekushiswa belingephandle ebaleni. (Eks 27:1; 39:​38, 39; Gen 8:​20; 1Ks 6:​20; 2Tk 4:1; Luk 1:​11)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5 na-B8.

• Libala lekubhulela.

  Lena yindzawo lebekubhulelwa kuyo. Lelibala beliyindzawo lebekile leyindingilizi lebeyiba setulu futsi nemoya bewukhona kuhhusha kahle. (Mat 3:​12)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi KUBHULA.

• Libala.

  Lena bekuyindzawo levulekile futsi lebiyelwe lebeyitungelete lithende lekukhontela, ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi yaba ngulenye yetindzawo letivulekile letibiywe ngetindvonga futsi lebeyitungelete lithempeli. Li-al’thare lekwenta iminikelo yekushiswa belibekwe ebaleni lelithende lekukhontela nasebaleni lelingekhatsi lelithempeli. (Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5, B8, B11.) LiBhayibheli liphindze likhulume ngemabala lebekatfolakala emakhaya nasetigodlweni.​—Eks 8:​13; 27:9; 1Ks 7:​12; Est 4:​11; Mat 26:3.

• Libandla.

  Leli licembu lebantfu lelihlangana ndzawonye ngenjongo letsite nobe kuze lente umsebenti lotsite. EmiBhalweni YesiHebheru livame kubhekisela esiveni sema-Israyeli. EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, lisho emabandla ebuKhristu lehlukahlukene, kodvwa esikhatsini lesinyenti libhekisela ebandleni lebuKhristu.​—1Ks 8:​22; Imi 9:​31; Rom 16:5.

• Li-bath.

  Lesi sikali salokungemanti lokucatjangwa kutsi silingana nemalitha langu-22 (5.81 gal), ngekusho kwalabo labagubha tintfo takadzeni labatfola tincetu teludziwo lolunaleligama. Linyenti letikali talokomile netalokungemanti eBhayibhelini tibalwa ngekuvumelana nesikali seli-bath lesicatjangwako. (1Ks 7:​38; Hez 45:​14)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Libhokisi lesivumelwane.

  Leli libhokisi lebelakhiwe ngesigodvo sesihlahla semgamba lebesibese sinamekwa ngeligolide, belibekwa eNgcwelengcwele yelithende lekukhontela futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi labekwa eNgcwelengcwele yelithempeli lelakhiwa nguSolomoni. Belinesimbonyo seligolide lebesinemakherubhi lamabili labukene. Ngekhatsi kulo bekunetibhelekece letimbili teMitsetfo Lelishumi. (Dut 31:​26; 1Ks 6:​19; Heb 9:4)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5 na-B8.

• Lichibi lemlilo.

  Leligama lisetjentiswa ngendlela lengumfanekiso nakukhulunywa ngendzawo ‘levutsa umlilo nesibabule,’ ichazwa nangekutsi “kufa kwesibili.” Toni letingaphendvuki titawujikwa kulelichibi, kanjalo naDeveli, nekufa kanye neliThuna (nobe iHayidesi). Njengobe kukhulunywa nangesidalwa lesingumoya, ngekufa nangeHayidesi lokutintfo letingashi emlilweni, loku kukhombisa kutsi lelichibi limelela kubhujiswa kwaphakadze, hhayi kutsi liyindzawo yekuhlushwa phakadze.​—Sem 19:​20; 20:​14, 15; 21:8.

• Licilongo.

  Leli lithulusi leliphuphutfwako lelakhiwe ngensimbi, liyasetjentiswa kuze kwecwayiswe bantfu nobe lisetjentiselwe umculo. Ngekusho kwaNumeri 10:​2, Jehova waniketa ticondziso tekwakha emacilongo lamabili ngelisiliva lebekatawusetjentiswa kuze kubitwe bantfu kutsi bahlangane, basuke endzaweni letsite, nobe kuze kumenyetelwe imphi. Kungenteka lamacilongo bekacondzile, bekangafani “netimphondvo” letigobile lebetakhiwe ngetimphondvo tetilwane. Emacilongo lebekungatiwa kutsi akhiwe njani bekabekwa naletinye tinsimbi temculo ethempelini. Umsindvo wemacilongo bewuvamise kuhambisana nekumenyetelwa kwetehlulelo taJehova nobe letinye tintfo tasezulwini.​—2Tk 29:​26; Ezr 3:​10; 1Kt 15:​52; Sem 8:7–11:15.

• Li-cor.

  Lesi sikali salokomile nalokungemanti. Belilingana nemalitha langu-220  (58.1 emagaloni/200 ema-quart lomile), nalibalwa ngekuvumelana nesikali seli-bath lesicatjangwako. (1Ks 5:​11)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• LiDarikhi.

  Lolu luhlavu lwemali yasePheresiya leligolide lolunesisindvo lesingemagremu langu-8.4 (0.27 ounce troy). (1Tk 29:7)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Lidolobha laDavide.

  Leli ligama leletsiwa lidolobha lemaJebhusi ngemuva kwekutsi Davide alincobe futsi akhe sigodlo sakhe khona. Libitwa nangekutsi yiSiyoni. Liseningizimu-mphumalanga yeJerusalema futsi liyindzawo lendzala yakhona.​—2Sa 5:7; 1Tk 11:​4, 5.

• LiDrakma.

  EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leligama libhekisela eluhlavini lwelisiliva lwemaGriki, ngaleso sikhatsi belunesisindvo lesingemagremu langu-3.4 (0.109 ounce troy). EmiBhalweni YesiHebheru, kukhulunywa ngelidrakma leligolide langesikhatsi semaPheresiya lebelilingana nelidarikhi. (Neh 7:​70; Mat 17:​24)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Li-efa.

  Leli ligama lesikali salokomile nesalentfo lokufakwe kuyo, lebesisetjentiselwa kukala lokutinhlavu. Belilingana nesikali salokungemanti lesili-bath, ngako belingemalitha langu-22 (20 ema-quart lomile). (Eks 16:​36; Hez 45:​10)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• LiGcuma.

  NgesiHebheru kutsi “iMilo,” leligama lisuselwa egameni lelisho “kugcwalisa.” I-Septuagint iluhumusha ngekutsi “sigodlo.” Kungenteka lena bekuyindzawo lebeyikhona nobe lebeyakhiwe eDolobheni laDavide, kodvwa akwatiwa kutsi beyinjani.​—2Sa 5:9; 1Ks 11:27.

• LiGera.

  Lesi sisindvo lesilingana nemagremu langu-0.57 (0.01835 ounce troy). Besilingana nelishekeli linye kulangu-20. (Lev 27:​25)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Lihananandza.

  Lesi sitselo lesimise kwelihhabhula futsi kulolunye luhlangotsi sinentfo lefana nembali. Langekhatsi linetindumbu letinyenti letincane letigcwele emanti, futsi kuba netindumbu letibovana nobe letibovu. Imihlobiso lemise kwemahananandza beyitfungelwa emphetfweni welijazi lelite imikhono lemphristi lophakeme lebeliluhlata njengesibhakabhaka, futsi imihlobiso yemahananandza beyifakwa nasetulu etingcongwaneni tetinsika lokutsiwa yiJakhini nalokutsiwa yiBhowazi lebetingembili kwelithempeli.​—Eks 28:​34; Num 13:​23; 1Ks 7:18.

• Lihini.

  Leli ligama lesikali salokungemanti nesalentfo lokufakwe kuyo. Lilingana nemalitha langu-3.67 (7.75 emaphayinti). (Eks 29:​40)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Lihlelo.

  Leli licembu lebantfu lababambelele emfundzisweni letsite nobe kumholi lotsite futsi labanetinkholelo tabo. Lisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngemacembu lamabili enkholo yemaJuda, lokubaFarisi nebaSadusi. Bantfu labangasiwo emaKhristu bebabita emaKhristu ngekutsi “lihlelo” nobe “licembu lelibitwa ngekutsi ngemaNazaretha,” futsi kungenteka bebabatsatsa njengebantfu labahlubuke enkholweni yemaJuda. Ebandleni lebuKhristu kwagcina kuvele emahlelo; encwadzini yeSembulo kukhulunywa ‘ngelihlelo laNikholawu.’​—Imi 5:​17; 15:5; 24:5; 28:​22; Sem 2:6; 2Ph 2:1.

• Lihomeri.

  Lesi sikali salokomile lesilingana neli-cor. Besilingana nemalitha langu-220 (200 ema-quart lomile) nasibalwa ngekuvumelana nesikali seli-bath lesicatjangwako. (Lev 27:​16)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Lijoka.

  Lolu lugodvo lobelubekwa emahlombe emuntfu, futsi bekulengiswa umtfwalo ngala nangala kwalo, nobe bekulugodvo lobelubekwa entsanyeni yetilwane letimbili letiboshelwe (bekuvame kuba tinkhomo) natidvonsa lithulusi lekulima nobe sihliphi. Ngenca yekutsi tigcili betivame kusebentisa lijoka natetfwala imitfwalo lesindzako, lijoka lasetjentiswa kuze limelele bugcili nobe kuba ngephansi kwalotsite kanye nekucindzetelwa nekuhlupheka. Kususa lijoka nobe kulephula bekumelela kukhululeka ebugcilini, ekucindzetelweni nasekucashatweni.​—Lev 26:​13; Mat 11:​29, 30.

• Likhyubhitha.

  Lesi sikali sebudze lokulinganiselwa kutsi sisuka engcoseni kuya ekugcineni kwemuno losemkhatsini. Ema-Israyeli bekavamise kusebentisa likhyubhitha lelingaba ngemasentimitha langu-44.5 (17.5 ema-inch), kodvwa bekaphindze asebentise nelikhyubhitha  lelidze, lebelengeta imphama yesandla, libe ngemasentimitha langaba ngu-51.8 (20.4 ema-inch). (Gen 6:​15; Luk 12:​25)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Lilanga Lekubuyisana NaNkulunkulu.

  Leli lilanga lelingcwele lelibaluleke kakhulu kuma-Israyeli, liphindze libitwe ngekutsi yi-Yom Kippur (lisuselwe egameni lesiHebheru lelitsi yohm hak·kip·pu·rimʹ, “lilanga lekumbonya”), futsi beliba nga-Ethanimu 10. Leli bekungilo kuphela lilanga emnyakeni lapho khona umphristi lophakeme bekangena eNgcwelengcwele yelithende lekukhontela futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi eNgcwelengcwele yelithempeli. Bekafike anikele ngengati yemihlatjelo kuze kuhlawulelwe tono takhe, tono talamanye emaLevi, kanye netono tebantfu. Lesi bekuba sikhatsi sembutsano longcwele nesekuzila kudla, futsi besiba lisabatha, lokusikhatsi sekuphumula ekwenteni imisebenti levamile.​—Lev 23:​27, 28.

• Lilanga Lekulungiselela.

  Lena yindlela lebelibitwa ngayo lilanga langaphambi kweliSabatha, futsi emaJuda bekalisebentisa kuze ente emalungiselelo lafanele. Lelilanga beliphela nakushona lilanga lamuhla lelibitwa ngekutsi nguLesihlanu, futsi bekubese kucala liSabatha. Lilanga lemaJuda belicala nakushona lilanga liphindze liphele nakushona lilanga.​—Mak 15:​42; Luk 23:54.

• Lilanga Lekwehlulelwa.

  Leli lilanga lelibekiwe nobe sikhatsi lesibekiwe, futsi ngaleso sikhatsi emacembu latsite, tive nobe bantfu batawulandzisa kuNkulunkulu. Kungenteka libe sikhatsi sekutsi kubulawe labo labatawube banikwe sijeziso sekufa, nobe kungenteka lesehlulelo sinikete labanye litfuba lekutsi basindziswe futsi batfole kuphila lokuphakadze. Jesu Khristu kanye nebaphostoli bakhe bakhuluma ‘ngeLilanga Lekwehlulela’ lelitako, lelingatsintsi labaphilako kuphela kodvwa nalabo labafa kadzeni.​—Mat 12:36.

• Lilogi.

  Lesi sikali lesincane kakhulu salokungemanti lokukhulunywa ngaso eBhayibhelini. Ngekusho kwencwadzi yeMtsetfo wemaJuda, lilogi kutsiwa lilingana nencenye yinye kuletingu-12 telihini, ngako nalibalwa lisuselwa kuloko, lilogi lingaba ngu-0.31 wemalitha (0.66 wemaphayinti). (Lev 14:​10)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Limayela.

  Lesi sikali selibanga lesivela kanye kuphela emakhophini ekucala EmiBhalo YemaKhristu YesiGriki kuMatewu 5:​41, futsi kungenteka sisho limayela lemaRoma lebelingemamitha langu-1 479.5 (tinyatselo letingu-4 854)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Limina.

  KuHezekeli libitwa nangekutsi limane. Lisikali sesisindvo nesemali. Bantfu labagubha tintfo takadzeni batsi limina belilingana nemashekeli langu-50 futsi lishekeli belingemagremu langu-11.4, lokusho kutsi emiBhalweni YesiHebheru limina belingemagremu langu-570 (18.35 ounce troy). Kungenteka kutsi bekuphindze kube nelimina lasebukhosini njengobe bekunjalo nangelikhyubhitha. EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki limina belilingana nemadrakma langu-100. Sisindvo salo besingemagremu langu-340 (10.9 ounce troy). Emamina langu-60 bekakha lithalenta. (Ezr 2:​69; Luk 19:​13)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Li-omeri.

  Lesi sikali salokomile lesilingana nemalitha langu-2.2 (2 ema-quart lomile), nobe incenye yinye kuletilishumi teli-efa. (Eks 16:​16, 18)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• LiPharadisi.

  Lena yindzawo lenhle lefana nengadze. Indzawo yekucala lenjalo bekuyi-Edeni, futsi Jehova bekayentele bantfu bekucala. Ngesikhatsi Jesu akhuluma nalesinye saletigebengu lebesiseceleni kwakhe elugodvweni, washo kutsi umhlaba utawuba lipharadisi. Ku-2 KubaseKhorinte 12:​4, leligama lisho lipharadisi lesikhatsi lesitako kantsi kuSembulo 2:7 lisho lipharadisi lelisezulwini.​—Ing 4:​13; Luk 23:43.

• LiPhasika.

  Lona ngumkhosi waminyaka yonkhe lobewugujwa ngelilanga lesi-14 lenyanga ya-Abibi (leyagcina seyibitwa ngekutsi nguNisani) kuze kukhunjulwe kukhululwa kwema-Israyeli eGibhithe. Lomkhosi bewugujwa ngekutsi kuhlatjwe imvu leseyincane (nobe imbuti) bese iyosiwa, futsi beyibese idliwa nemibhidvo lebabako nesinkhwa lesite imvubelo.​—Eks 12:​27; Joh 6:4; 1Kt 5:7.

• LiPhentekhoste.

  Lona ngumkhosi wesibili kulena lemitsatfu lemikhulu lobewugujelwa eJerusalema futsi bekulindzeleke kutsi ugujwe ngiwo onkhe emaJuda lamadvuna.  LiPhentekhoste, lokusho “(Lilanga) lesi-50,” liligama lelisetjentiswa EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki nakubhekiselwa kuloko lokubitwa ngekutsi nguMkhosi Wekubutsa nobe nguMkhosi Wemaviki EmiBhalweni YesiHebheru. Bewugujwa ngelilanga lesi-50 nawubala usuka kuNisani 16.​—Eks 23:​16; 34:​22; Imi 2:1.

• LiPhimi.

  Lesi sisindvo lesiphindze sibe yimali emaFilisti lebekayibhadalisa umuntfu nasekamlolele tinsimbi letitsite. Bantfu labagubha tintfo takadzeni batfole tisindvo tematje letinyenti ka-Israyeli letinabongwaca besiHebheru beligama lelitsi “liphimi”; futsi sisindvo sato singemagremu langaba ngu-7.8 (0.2508 ema-ounce troy), lesingaba tincenye letimbili kuletintsatfu telishekeli.​—1Sa 13:​20, 21.

• LiSabatha.

  Leligama lisuselwe egameni lesiHebheru lelisho “kuphumula; kuyekela.” Leli lilanga lesi-7 evikini lemaJuda (belicala nakushona lilanga ngaLesihlanu liphele nakushona lilanga ngeMgcibelo). Lamanye emalanga lebekugujwa ngawo imikhosi emnyakeni, lokufaka ekhatsi umnyaka wesi-7 nemnyaka wesi-50, bekabitwa ngekutsi ngemasabatha. NgeliSabatha kute umsebenti lobekufanele wentiwe, ngaphandle kwemsebenti webaphristi lobewentiwa endzaweni lengcwele. Ngeminyaka leliSabatha, umhlaba bekufanele ungalinywa futsi emaHebheru bekangakaphoceleleki kutsi abhadale tikweleti tawo. EMtsetfweni waMosi, imitsetfo lemayelana neliSabatha beyikhombisa kucabangela, kodvwa ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi baholi benkholo bengeta leminye imitsetfo kangangekutsi ngesikhatsi saJesu bantfu besebakutfola kumatima kuyilalela.​—Eks 20:8; Lev 25:4; Luk 13:​14-16; Kho 2:16.

• Liseya.

  Lesi sikali setintfo letomile. Nalikalwa ngesikali salokungemanti lesili-bath, belingalingana nemalitha langu-7.33 (6.66 ema-quart lomile) (2Ks 7:1)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Lishekeli.

  Lesi sikali sesisindvo nesemali semaHebheru. Lesisindvo besingemagremu langu-11.4 (0.403 ema-ounce; 0.367 ema-ounce troy). Kungenteka kutsi emavi latsi “lishekeli lasendzaweni lengcwele” bekasetjentiswa kuze kugcizelelwe kutsi sikali kufanele setsembeke, nobe kutsi kufanele sikale ngendlela lefanako nesikali lebesisetjentiswa ethendeni lekukhontela. Kungenteka nekutsi bekunelishekeli lasebukhosini (lebelehlukile kulelo lebelisetjentiswa nguwonkhewonkhe), noma kutsi bekunesisindvo lesivamile lebesihlala esigodlweni.​—Eks 30:13.

• LiSinagoge.

  Leligama lisho “kuhlangana ndzawonye; umhlangano,” kodvwa emibhalweni leminyenti libhekisela esakhiweni nobe indzawo lapho emaJuda bekahlanganela khona kuze afundze imiBhalo, afundziswe, ashumayele futsi athantaze. Ngesikhatsi saJesu, emadolobha lamakhulu aka-Israyeli bekanelisinagoge, futsi emadolobha lamakhulu kakhulu bekaba nalangetulu kwalinye.​—Luk 4:​16; Imi 13:​14, 15.

• Lithalenta.

  Lesi sikali lesikhulu sesisindvo nesemali semaHebheru. Belinesisindvo lesingemakhilogremu langu-34.2 (75.5 lb; 91.75 lb t; 1,101 ema-ounce troy). Lithalenta lemaGriki belilincane futsi sisindvo salo besingemakhilogremu langaba ngu-20.4 (44.8 lb; 54.5 lb t; 654 ema-ounce troy). (1Tk 22:​14; Mat 18:​24)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• LiThempeli.

  Lena yindzawo leyakhiwa eJerusalema leyasetjentiswa esikhundleni selithende lekukhontela futsi yaba yindzawo leyinhloko yekukhonta yema-Israyeli. Lithempeli lekucala lakhiwa nguSolomoni futsi labhujiswa baseBhabhulona. Lithempeli lesibili lakhiwa nguZerubhabheli ngemuva kwekutsi ema-Israyeli abuye ekutfunjweni eBhabhulona futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi lakhiwa kabusha nguHerodi Lomkhulu. EmiBhalweni, lithempeli belivame kubitwa ngekutsi ‘yindlu yaJehova.’ (Ezr 1:3; 6:​14, 15; 1Tk 29:1; 2Tk 2:4; Mat 24:1)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B8 na-B11.

• Lithende lekuhlangana.

  Leli ligama lelisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngelithende laMosi nobe nakukhulunywa ngelithende lekukhontela lelingcwele lelacale lamiswa ehlane.​—Eks 33:7; 39:32.

• Lithende lekukhontela.

  Leli lithende lebelisetjentiswa ngema-Israyeli nawakhonta Nkulunkulu ngemuva kwekuphuma eGibhithe, futsi bekakhona kuletfwala ahambe nalo. Kulo bekuhlala libhokisi lesivumelwane laJehova lebelimelela kuba  khona kwaNkulunkulu futsi belisetjentiswa njengendzawo yekwenta imihlatjelo nekukhonta Nkulunkulu. Lihle libitwa ngekutsi “lithende lekuhlangana.” Belakhiwe ngemaphanela esigodvo, limbonywe ngetindvwangu telineni letihlotjiswe ngemakherubhi. Belehlukaniswe laba ngemakamelo lamabili, lekucala belibitwa ngekutsi yiNgcwele, lesibili libitwa ngekutsi yiNgcwelengcwele. (Jos 18:1; Eks 25:9)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5.

• LiThuna.

  Leligama nalibhalwe langabi nafeleba lisho lithuna lemuntfu; nalibhalwe laba nafeleba lisho lithuna lebantfu, liyafana neligama lesiHebheru lelitsi “iShiyoli” nelesiGriki lelitsi “iHayidesi.” EBhayibhelini, lichazwa ngekutsi yindzawo nobe simo lapho umuntfu angakhoni kwenta lutfo nobe kucabanga.​—Gen 47:​30; Shu 9:​10; Imi 2:31.

• Lithuna.

  Lena yindzawo yekungcwaba umuntfu lofile. Bekungaba yindzawo legujwe emhlabatsini, futsi emaHebheru bekavame kusebentisa umhume nobe indzawo legujwe edvwaleni. Ligama lesiGriki lelitsi mne·meiʹon, lihlobene nesento lesisho ‘kukhumbula,’ futsi liveta kutsi lomuntfu lofile uyakhunjulwa.​—Joh 5:​28, 29.

• Litibulo.

  Ngalokuyinhloko leligama lisho indvodzana lendzala kubabe wayo (kunekutsi lisho indvodzana lendzala kumake wayo). Ngetikhatsi tekubhalwa kweliBhayibheli, indvodzana lelitibulo beyihlonishwa emndenini futsi ngiyo lebeyiba yinhloko yalelo khaya nasekushone babe wayo. Leligama liphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngesilwane lesidvuna lesitelwe kucala.​—Eks 11:5; 13:​12; Gen 25:​33; Kho 1:15.

• Litje lekuhlutela liwayini.

  Belivame kuba nemigodzi lemibili lembiwe etjeni lelimhloshana, futsi lomunye bewungetulu kwalomunye, bese ihlanganiswa ngumsele lomncane. Bekatsi emagilebisi nakapitjitwa emgodzini longetulu bese lamanti awo ehlela kulomgodzi longephansi. Leligama liyasetjentiswa kuze limelele sehlulelo saNkulunkulu.​—Isa 5:2; Sem 19:15.

• Litje lekusila.

  Leli litje leliyindingilizi lebelibekwa etikwalelinye lelifana nalo futsi belisetjentiselwa kusila lokutinhlavu kuze kube ngufulaha. Bekunelugodvo lobelufakwa emkhatsini walelitje lebelingephansi futsi belwenta kutsi lolu lolungetulu lukhone kujikajika. Emakhaya lamanyenti ngetikhatsi tekubhalwa kweliBhayibheli, bafati bebavame kusebentisa ematje ekusila lebekasetjentiswa ngesandla. Njengobe lelitje lekusila belibalulekile kuze umndeni ube nekudla kwelilanga nelilanga, uMtsetfo waMosi bewungamvumeli umuntfu atsatse lelitje nobe leli lelingetulu kutsi libe sibambiso. Ematje ekusila lamakhulu lakhiwe ngendlela lefananako bekagucuguculwa tilwane.​—Dut 24:6; Mak 9:42.

• Litje lekusimisa.

  Leli litje lelibekwa ekoneni lesakhiwo lesitsite lapho kuhlangana khona tindvonga letimbili, futsi liyadzingeka kuze tihlangane kahle. Litje lekusimisa lebelibaluleke kakhulu bekulitje lekusimisa lesisekelo; bekuvame kukhetfwa litje lelicine kakhulu nakwakhiwa takhiwo tawonkhewonkhe netindvonga telidolobha. Leligama liyasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngekusekelwa kwemhlaba, futsi Jesu ubitwa ngekutsi ‘ulitje lekusimisa lesisekelo’ ebandleni lebuKhristu, lelifananiswa nendlu yaNkulunkulu.​—Efe 2:​20; Job 38:6.

• Litje lelingcwele.

  Lena bekuyinsika leme yacondza lebeyivame kwakhiwa ngelitje, futsi kubonakala shengatsi beyimise kwesitfo sangasense saBhali nobe salomunye nkulunkulu wemanga.​—Eks 23:24.

• Live LemaKhaledi; EmaKhaledi.

  Ekucaleni lamagama bekasho indzawo nebantfu lebebahlala endzaweni lebeyinemifudlana lebeyitfululela emfuleni iThigrisi neYufrathe; ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi lamagama asetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngayo yonkhe indzawo yaseBhabhulona nebantfu bakhona. Leligama lelitsi “emaKhaledi” beliphindze lisho tifundziswa lebetitati tesayensi, temlandvo, tetilwimi, netekufundza tinkhanyeti kodvwa betenta nemilingo futsi betiphengula ngekufundza tinkhanyeti.​—Ezr 5:​12; Dan 4:7; Imi 7:4.

• Lokute imvubelo.

  Leligama lisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngesinkhwa lesingakafakwa imvubelo.​—Dut 16:3; Mak 14:​12; 1Kt 5:8.

• Lomdzala welibandla; Indvodza lendzala.

  Lena yindvodza levutsiwe, kodvwa emiBhalweni kusho umuntfu loneligunya kanye  nemsebenti lotsite emmangweni nobe esiveni. Encwadzini yeSembulo, leligama liyasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngetidalwa tasezulwini. Ligama lesiGriki lelitsi pre·sbyʹte·ros, lihunyushwa ngekutsi “lomdzala” nangabe kukhulunywa ngalabo labanemsebenti wekuhola ebandleni.​—Eks 4:​29; Tag 31:​23; 1Tm 5:​17; Sem 4:4.

• Lomelele inkhosi.

  Embusweni waseBhabhulona newasePheresiya, lona bekungumbusi wesifundza. Umuntfu lomelele inkhosi bekabekwa yinkhosi kutsi abe ngumbusi losetulu.​—Ezr 8:​36; Dan 6:1.

• Lomubi.

  Leli ligama lelibhekisele kuSathane Develi, lomelene naNkulunkulu kanye netimiso takhe letilungile.​—Mat 6:​13; 1Jh 5:19.

• Lophengula ngekufundza tinkhanyeti.

  Lona ngumuntfu lobukisisa indlela lilanga, inyeti, netinkhanyeti lokuhamba ngayo kuze acombelele tintfo letitawenteka esikhatsini lesitako.​—Dan 2:​27; Mat 2:1.

• Lubhabhatiso; Kubhabhatisa.

  Lesento sisho “kucwilisa,” nobe kufaka emantini. Jesu watsi kuze umuntfu abe ngumlandzeli wakhe kufanele abhajatiswe. ImiBhalo ikhuluma ngelubhabhatiso lolwehlukahlukene, lolufaka ekhatsi lubhabhatiso lwaJohane, kubhabhatisa ngemoya longcwele kanye nekubhabhatisa ngemlilo.​—Mat 3:​11, 16; 28:​19; Joh 3:​23; 1Ph 3:21.

• Lugodvo; Lugodvo Jesu labulawelwa kulo.

  Leli lipali lelimile lapho bekuboshelwa khona umuntfu lodliwe licala. Letinye tive betilusebentisa kuze tibulalele kulo umuntfu nobe kute kulengiswe sidvumbu semuntfu khona kutowuba secwayiso kulabanye nobe kuze lomuntfu lolengisiwe ahlazeke. Ema-Asiriya lebekatiwa ngekuba nenhlitiyo lembi bekalengisa tidvumbu tebantfu labatfumbile lebekababulele ngekubagwaza ngelugodvo lolucijile esiswini luphumele esifubeni. Ngephansi kwemtsetfo wemaJuda, bantfu lebebente emacala lamabi kakhulu njengekuhlambalata nekukhonta tithico, bebacale babulawe ngekugcotjwa ngematje nobe babulawe ngaletinye tindlela, ngemuva kwaloko tidvumbu tabo betiphanyekwa elugodvweni nobe esihlahleni kuze babe secwayiso kulabanye. (Dut 21:​22, 23; 2Sa 21:​6, 9) Ngalesinye sikhatsi, emaRoma bekambophela elugodvweni umuntfu lowente lokubi, futsi lomuntfu bekaphila emalanga lambalwa bese uyafa ngenca yebuhlungu, koma, indlala nobe ngenca yekushiswa lilanga. Kuletinye timo, njengalapho kubulawa Jesu, emaRoma bekabetsela elugodvweni tandla netinyawo temuntfu lodliwe licala. (Luk 24:​20; Joh 19:​14-16; 20:​25; Imi 2:​23, 36) Ligama lesiGriki lelitsi stau·ros′ lelihunyushwe ngekutsi ‘lugodvo Jesu labulawelwa kulo’ lisho lugodvo lolumile nobe lipali, njengalelo Jesu labulawelwa kulo. Kute lokufakazela kutsi leligama lesiGriki lisho siphambano, njengobe bantfu labangamkhonti Nkulunkulu bebasisebentisa ekukhonteni kwabo eminyakeni leminyenti ngaphambi kwekufika kwaKhristu. Ligama lelitsi ‘lugodvo Jesu labulawelwa kulo’ liwendlulisela wonkhe umcondvo waleligama elulwimini lwekucala, ngobe naJesu walisebentisa leligama lelitsi stau·ros′ nakakhuluma ngekuhlushwa, ngekuhlupheka, kanye nelihlazo bafundzi bakhe lebebatawubhekana nalo.​—Mat 16:​24; Heb 12:2.

• Lulwimi lwesiHebheru.

  Lolu lulwimi lobelusetjentiswa bantfu labangemaHebheru, lokuyintalelwane ya-Abrahama. Ngesikhatsi Jesu alamhlabeni, lulwimi lwesiHebheru beselunemagama lamanyenti esi-Aramu, futsi Khristu kanye nebafundzi bakhe bebalukhuluma. (Imi 26:​14)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi EMAHEBHERU.

• Luphawu lolungcwele lwekutinikela.

  Lona ngungcwengcwe lomanyatelako lowentiwe ngeligolide lelicwengisisiwe, futsi kuwo bekubhalwe ngesiHebheru kwatsiwa, “Bungcwele ngebaJehova.” Bewufakwa ngembili emshuculweni wemphristi lophakeme. (Eks 39:​30)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5.

• Luphawu.

  Lena yintfo lebeyisetjentiswa kulokutsite (beyivame kuba lubumba nobe umtfwebeba) kuze kumakwe kutsi kwabani, kubonakale kutsi lentfo ingetsenjwa yini nobe kuze kubonakale kutsi kunesivumelwane lesentiwe. Timphawu takadzeni betiba nalokutsite lokucinile (litje, litinyo lendlovu nobe lugodvo) lokubhalwe tinhlavu letitsite temagama, nobe imifanekiso. Ligama lelitsi luphawu liphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngentfo lemakiwe kuze kubonakale kutsi ingetsenjwa,  nobe lemakiwe kutsi yabani nobe intfo lefihliwe.​—Eks 28:​11; Neh 9:​38; Sem 5:1; 9:4.

• Luphondvo.

  Leligama liyasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngetimphondvo tetilwane, futsi betisetjentiswa njengetintfo tekunatsa, tintfo tekuphatsa emafutsa, i-inki nemakha, betisetjentiselwa nemculo nobe kuze kwecwayiswe bantfu. (1Sa 16:​1, 13; 1Ks 1:​39; Hez 9:2) Ligama lelitsi “luphondvo” livama kusetjentiswa kuze limelele emandla, kuncoba kanye nekuhalalisa.​—Dut 33:​17; Mik 4:​13; Zak 1:19.

• Lutsandvo lolucotfo.

  Etikhatsini letinyenti, leligama nalihunyushwa lisuke litsetfwe egameni lesiHebheru lelitsi cheʹsedh, lelisho lutsandvo loluhambisana nekutimisela, nekuba cotfo, nekwetsembeka kanye nekunamatsela ngalokucinile entfweni letsite. Livama kusetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngelutsandvo Nkulunkulu lanalo ngebantfu, kodvwa liphindze likhulume nangelutsandvo lolukhona emkhatsini webantfu.​—Eks 34:6; Rut 3:10.

M

• Mahalathi.

  Kubonakala ngatsi leli ligama lelisetjentiswa emculweni futsi litfolakala embhalweni longenhla weTihlabelelo 53 na-88. Kungenteka lihlobene nesento sesiHebheru lesisho “kuba butsakatsaka; kugula,” futsi siveta kuba lusizi nekuva buhlungu kakhulu. Loku kuhambisana kahle nelusizi lolukuletihlabelelo letimbili.

• Malkhamu.

  Kungenteka kutsi solo nguMoleki, longunkulunkulu lomkhulu wema-Amoni. (Zef 1:5)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi MOLEKI.

• Merodaki.

  Lona ngunkulunkulu lomkhulu lobekakhontwa edolobheni laseBhabhulona. Ngemuva kwekutsi Hammurabi loyinkhosi yaseBhabhulona nesishaya mtsetfo sakhona sekente kutsi iBhabhulona ibe yinhlokodolobha, Merodaki (nobe Marduk) wacala kudvuma futsi wagcine atsetse sikhundla sabonkulunkulu labanyenti lebebakhona, wase uba ngunkulunkulu lomkhulu kubonkulunkulu baseBhabhulona. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi leligama lelitsi Merodaki (nobe Marduk) lashintjwa kwasetjentiswa sicu lesitsi “Belu” (“uMnikati”), futsi Merodaki bekavame kubitwa ngekutsi nguBeli.​—Jer 50:2.

• Mesiya.

  Leligama litsetfwe egameni lesiHebheru lelisho “logcotjiwe.” Ligama lelifana nalo ngulelitsi “Khristu” futsi litsetfwe elulwimini lwesiGriki.​—Dan 9:​25; Joh 1:41.

• Milkhomi.

  Leli ligama lankulunkulu lobekakhontwa ngema-Amoni, futsi kungenteka solo nguMoleki. (1Ks 11:​5, 7) Ngasekupheleni kwekubusa kwakhe, Solomoni wakha tindzawo letiphakeme tekukhonta lonkulunkulu wemanga.​—Fundza ligama lelitsi MOLEKI.

• Moleki.

  Lona ngunkulunkulu wema-Amoni futsi kungenteka solo nguMalkhamu, Milkhomi naMoloki. Lesi kungenteka kutsi sicu, hhayi ligama lankulunkulu lotsite. UMtsetfo waMosi bewutsi umuntfu lonikela bantfwana bakhe kuMoleki kufanele abulawe.​—Lev 20:2; Jer 32:​35; Imi 7:43.

• Moloki.​—

  Fundza ligama lelitsi MOLEKI.

N

• Nehilothi.

  Leli ligama lesingaciniseki ngenchazelo yalo, futsi livela embhalweni longenhla weTihlabelelo 5. Labanye bakholelwa kutsi lisho intfo yekudlala umculo lephuphutfwako, futsi balihlobanisa neligama lesiHebheru lelihambisana nalelitsi cha·lilʹ (umntjingo). Kodvwa lingahle lisho ingoma.

• Nisani.

  Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lelisha lenyanga ya-Abibi, lokuyinyanga yekucala kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesi-7 kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waMarch iphele emkhatsini wa-April. (Neh 2:1)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Nkulunkulu Weliciniso.

  Lena yindlela yekuhumusha ligama lesiHebheru lelitsi “Nkulunkulu” ngendlela lecondzile. Etimeni letinyenti kusetjentiswa kwaleligama ngesiHebheru kwehlukanisa bonkulunkulu bemanga kuJehova njengobe kunguye yedvwa Nkulunkulu weliciniso. Ligama lelitsi ‘Nkulunkulu weliciniso’ liyiveta yonkhe inchazelo yaleligama ngesiHebheru lapho livela khona ngalendlela.​—Gen 5:​22, 24; 46:3; Dut 4:39.

R

• Rahabi.

  Leli ligama lelisetjentiswa encwadzini yaJobe, yeTihlabelelo neya-Isaya kuze limelele lokutsite (alisho umfati lokutsiwa nguRahabi lokukhulunywa ngaye kuJoshuwa). Indzaba lokukhulunywa ngayo  kuJobe iyasisita sibone kutsi leligama lelitsi Rahabi limelela silwane saselwandle; kuletinye tindzawo lesilwane saselwandle sisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngeGibhithe.​—Job 9:​13; Hl 87:4; Isa 30:7; 51:​9, 10.

S

• Saga.

  Lesi sisho lesihlakaniphile nobe indzaba lemfishane lefundzisa sifundvo nobe ivete liciniso lelibalulekile ngemagama lambalwa. Saga lesiseBhayibhelini singaba sisho lesingacondzakali melula nobe siphicwaphicwano. Saga siveta liciniso ngendlela lecacile, futsi sivame kuba sifananiso ngco. Letinye tisho tagcine tatiwa ngobe betisetjentiselwa kwedzelela bantfu nekubaphukuta.​—Shu 12:9; 2Ph 2:22.

• Sangoma.

  Lona ngumuntfu lotsi uyakhona kukhuluma nebantfu labafile.​—Lev 20:​27; Dut 18:​10-12; 2Ks 21:6.

• Sathane.

  NgesiHebheru leligama lisho “Umphikisi.” Nalisetjentiswa eBhayibheli livame kusho Sathane Develi, loSitsa saNkulunkulu lesikhulu.​—Job 1:6; Mat 4:​10; Sem 12:9.

• Sati semtsetfo.

  Ngesikhatsi Jesu alamhlabeni, leligama belisho licembu lemadvodza lawati kahle uMtsetfo. Lamadvodza bekaphikisa Jesu.​—Mak 12:​38, 39; 14:1.

• Sela.

  Leli ligama lelinenchazelo lecondzile etindzabeni tekuhlabela nobe lisho inkondlo letfolakala kuTihlabelelo nakuHabakhuki. Mhlawumbe lisho likhefu leliba khona nakuhlatjelwa nobe lelikhona kulengoma, futsi kungenteka lisho kokubili, khona kutowuba nelikhefu lelenta umuntfu akhone kuzindla nobe kuze imiva yalengoma yentiwe icace. I-Septuagint yesiGriki ibeka leligama ngekutsi yi-di·aʹpsal·ma, futsi lichazwa ngekutsi “ngumculo lonelikhefu.”​—Hl 3:4; Hab 3:3.

• Sembatfo sesifuba.

  Lesi sembatfo lesinamatsiselwa ematje lebesigcokwa ngumphristi lophakeme waka-Israyeli ngetulu kwenhlitiyo yakhe ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi nakangena eNgcwele. Besibitwa ngekutsi “sembatfo sesifuba lesitawuba sekwehlulela,” ngobe besine-Urimu neThumimu lebeyisetjentiswa kuze kwatiwe tehlulelo taJehova. (Eks 28:​15-30)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5.

• Shebathi.

  Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lenyanga yesi-11 kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesihlanu kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waJanuary iphele emkhatsini waFebruary. (Zak 1:7)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Si-Aramu.

  Lolu lulwimi lolucishe lufane nelulwimi lwesiHebheru, lusebentisa tinhlavu letifanako temagama. Ekucaleni lolulwimi belukhulunywa ngema-Aramu, kodvwa ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi lwasetjentiswa kutekutsengiselana netekuchumana embusweni wase-Asiriya newaseBhabhulona. Beluphindze lube lulwimi lolusemtsetfweni lebebachumana ngalo embusweni wasePheresiya. (Ezr 4:7) Tincenye letitsite tencwadzi ya-Ezra, yaJeremiya, neyaDanyela betibhalwe ngesi-Aramu.​—Ezr 4:8–6:​18; 7:​12-26; Jer 10:​11; Dan 2:4b–7:28.

• Sibambiso.

  Loku bekuba yintfo letsite yemuntfu lobolekile lebekayinika loyo laboleke kuye kuze ibe sicinisekiso sekutsi utakubhadala loko labolekwe kona. EMtsetfweni waMosi bekunemitsetfo lebeyikhuluma ngetibambiso kuze kuvikelwe labeswele kanye nebantfu labangenabani kulesive.​—Eks 22:​26; Hez 18:7.

• Sibonakaliso.

  Lena yintfo letsite, sento, simo nobe intfo leyentekako lengakavami lemelela lokutsite, kungaba yintfo letawenteka ngaleso sikhatsi nobe esikhatsini lesitako.​—Gen 9:​12, 13; 2Ks 20:9; Mat 24:3; Sem 1:1.

• Sidlo SeNkhosi Sakusihlwa.

  Lesi sidlo mbamba futsi kuba nesinkhwa lesite imvubelo kanye neliwayini kuze kumelele umtimba waKhristu kanye nengati yakhe; sikhumbuto sekufa kwaJesu. Ngenca yekutsi imiBhalo itsi emaKhristu kufanele asigubhe, lesidlo sibitwa kufanele ngekutsi “Sikhumbuto.”​—1Kt 11:​20, 23-26.

• Sidubulelo.

  Leli libhande lelakhiwe ngesikhumba nobe intsambo lephotfwe ngemisipha yetilwane, ngetjani nobe ngeboya. Indzawo lebanti futsi lesemkhatsini kulesidubulelo beyinaloku lokuhlala intfo yekudubula, esikhatsini lesinyenti bekudutjulwa ngelitje. Lenye incenye yalesidubulelo beyiboshwa esandleni nobe emkhonweni, bese lena lenye ibanjwa ngesandla  futsi iyekelwe nasekudutjulwa. Emabutfweni etive takadzeni bekuba nalabasebentisa tidubulelo.​—Tik 20:​16; 1Sa 17:50.

• Sidziya.

  Loku bekufana nesidziya sekupheka futsi bekugcokwa baphristi. Umphristi lophakeme bekagcoka sidziya lesikhetsekile, ngembili besinesembatfo sesifuba lesinematje laligugu langu-12. (Eks 28:​4, 6)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5.

• Sifo lesibulalako.

  Lesi ngunobe ngabe ngusiphi sifo lesitsatselwanako, sisakateka ngekushesha, futsi sihlasela bantfu labanyenti siphindze sibabulale. Esikhatsini lesinyenti sihlotjaniswa nekukhishwa kwesehlulelo lesivela kuNkulunkulu.​—Num 14:​12; Hez 38:​22, 23; Amo 4:10.

• Sifungo.

  Lawa ngemavi umuntfu lawashoko kuze acinisekise kutsi intfo letsite iliciniso, nobe setsembiso lasentako kute acinisekise kutsi intfo letsite utayenta nobe angeke ayente. Sifungo sivame kwentiwa kumuntfu losegunyeni, ikakhulukati kuNkulunkulu. Jehova wacinisekisa sivumelwane lasenta na-Abrahama ngekutsi afunge.​—Gen 14:​22; Heb 6:​16, 17.

• Sifungo.

  Lesi setsembiso lesingashintji umuntfu lasenta kuNkulunkulu sekutsi utawenta intfo letsite, aletse umnikelo nobe sipho lesitsite, ente umsebenti lotsite nobe kutsi angatenti tintfo letitsite ngisho tivumelekile emtsetfweni.​—Num 6:2; Shu 5:4; Mat 5:33.

• Sigubhu sesikhumba sekufaka liwayini.

  Sigubhu sesikhumba besakhiwa ngesikhumba sesilwane, bekungaba sembuti nobe semvu, futsi besisetjentiselwa kufaka liwayini. Liwayini belifakwa etigujini letinsha tesikhumba ngobe belitsi nalibila likhiphe umoya lokutsiwa yi-carbon dioxide lokhukhumukisa letigubhu tesikhumba. Sikhumba lesisha siyakhukhumuka; sikhumba lesidzala lesingasakhukhumuki siyabhubuka nasinemoya lomnyenti.​—Jos 9:4; Mat 9:17.

• Sigujana lebesakhiwe ngelitje lelimhlophe.

  Leli ligama lesigujana semakha lebesakhiwa ngelitje lebelitfolakala e-Alabastron, eGibhithe. Tigujana letifana nalesi betakhiwa tibe ncama ngetulu futsi loku bekwentelwa kutsi tivaleke kahle kuze emakha langekhatsi kuto angavuti ngisho nakancane.​—Mak 14:3.

• Sihlabelelo.

  Lena yingoma yekudvumisa Nkulunkulu. Tihlabelelo betingumculo futsi betihlatjelwa ngemakholwa, tihlatjelwa nakukhontwa Jehova Nkulunkulu ethempelini lakhe eJerusalema.​—Luk 20:​42; Imi 13:​33; Jak 5:13.

• Sihlahla lesibabako.

  Leti tihlahla letehlukahlukene letineticu leticinile, tibaba kakhulu futsi tineliphunga lelimnandzi. Sihlahla lesibabako siyasetjentiswa eBhayibhelini nakuchazwa imiphumela lebuhlungu yekutiphatsa kabi, yekuba sigcili, yekungalungi neyekuhlubuka. KuSembulo 8:​11, ligama lelitsi “sihlahla lesibabako” lisho umutsi lobabako futsi lonashevu, ubitwa nangekutsi sinatfo lesibabako.​—Dut 29:​18; Tag 5:4; Jer 9:​15; Amo 5:7.

• Sihlahla sekuphila.

  Lesi sihlahla lebesisensimini yase-Edeni. LiBhayibheli aliveti kutsi lesihlahla besinetintfo letiniketa kuphila etitselweni taso; kunaloko liveta kutsi besimelela sicinisekiso sekutsi Nkulunkulu utabaniketa kuphila lokuphakadze labo lebekatawubavumela kutsi badle kuso.​—Gen 2:9; 3:22.

• Sihlahla sekwati lokuhle nalokubi.

  Lesi sihlahla lebesisensimini yase-Edeni leso Nkulunkulu lasisebentisa njengeluphawu lwekukhombisa lilungelo lakhe lekubekela bantfu timiso tekwehlukanisa “lokuhle nalokubi.”​—Gen 2:​9, 17.

• Sihlalo sekwehlulela.

  Lena bekuvame kuba yindzawo lengaphandle leyakhiwe yaphakama, bekufanele wenyuke titebhisi nawuya kuyo, futsi bekuhlala behluleli kuze bakhulume nebantfu, babatjele nangetincumo letitsetfwe. Ligama lelitsi ‘sihlalo saNkulunkulu sekwehlulela’ nalelitsi ‘sihlalo saKhristu sekwehlulela’ amelela indlela Jehova latawehlulela ngayo bantfu.​—Rom 14:​10; 2Kt 5:​10; Joh 19:13.

• Sihosha.

  NgesiHebheru leligama lingasho sihosha semfula lesivame kuba bete emanti ngaphandle nangabe kusikhatsi semvula; leligama lingaphindze lisho wona lomfudlana. Leminye imifudlana beyitfola emanti lebekaphuma etiyalwini futsi beyihlale igeleta emanti umnyaka wonkhe.​—Gen 26:​19; Dut 8:7; 1Ks 18:5; Job 6:15.

• Sikhonyane.

  Leti tintsetse letehlukahlukene letihamba tilibulo. Ngephansi kweMtsetfo waMosi betitsatfwa njengaletihlobile  kutsi tingadliwa. Libulo letintsetse lebelidla konkhe lelihlangana nako, liphindze licotfule konkhe, belitsatfwa ngekutsi sishayo.​—Eks 10:​14; Mat 3:4.

• Simbonyo.

  Loku ngulobekuvala libhokisi lesivumelwane, futsi umphristi lophakeme bekafafata ingati lengumhlatjelo wesono embikwaso ngeLilanga Lekubuyisana NaNkulunkulu. NgesiHebheru leligama lisuselwa esentweni lesitsi “kumbonya (sono)” nobe “kwesula (sono).” Besakhiwe ngeligolide, sinemakherubhi lamabili, linye lingala lelinye lingale. (Eks 25:​17-22; 1Tk 28:​11; Heb 9:5)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5.

• Siphatsimandla.

  Lona ngumuntfu losesikhundleni lesiphansi kunesalomelele inkhosi kuhulumende waseBhabhulona. EBhayibhelini, tiphatsimandla betineligunya emadvodzeni lahlakaniphile aseBhabhulona. Tiphatsimandla betikhona nangesikhatsi kubusa iNkhosi Dariyusi lebeyingumMediya.​—Dan 2:​48; 6:7.

• Siphrofetho.

  Lona ngumlayeto lophefumulelwe, kungaba sembulo lesiyintsandvo yaNkulunkulu nobe kumenyetelwa kwaso. Siphrofetho singaba yimfundziso lephefumulelwe mayelana nekutiphatsa, singaba ngumlayeto longumyalo waNkulunkulu nobe sehlulelo, nobe sibe simemetelo sentfo leseta.​—Hez 37:​9, 10; Dan 9:​24; Mat 13:​14; 2Ph 1:​20, 21.

• Sipileti.

  Lolu luhlobo lwakolo (Triticum spelta), futsi kulukhuni kwehlukanisa tinhlavu talo nemakhoba.​—Eks 9:32.

• Sishayo.

  EmiBhalweni YesiHebheru, leligama livame kusho sifo nobe inhlekelele leletfwa nguJehova kuze ajezise bantfu. EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki leligama lihunyushwe ngekutsi “kushaya” futsi lisho kubhambabula umuntfu nobe kumshaya ngensilane lenemafindvo nobe emahhuka.​—Num 16:​49; Joh 19:1.

• Sithico; Kukhonta tithico.

  Sithico sitfombe nobe umfanekiso wanobe ngabe yini, kungaba yintfo lekhona mbamba nobe umuntfu layicabangako, futsi bantfu basisebentisa ekukhonteni kwabo. Kukhonta tithico kusho kuhlonipha tithico, kutitsandza, nobe kutisebentisa ekukhonteni.​—Hl 115:4; Imi 17:​16; 1Kt 10:14.

• Sitokisi.

  Lena yintfo lebekuboshelwa kuyo umuntfu kuze ajeziswe. Letinye titokisi betibamba tinyawo kuphela, kantsi letinye betenta umtimba uhlale kabuhlungu, tibopha tinyawo, tandla nentsamo.​—Jer 20:2; Imi 16:24.

• Sivani.

  Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lenyanga yesitsatfu kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesi-9 kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waMay iphele emkhatsini waJune. (Est 8:9)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Sive.

  EmiBhalweni YesiHebheru, leligama livame kusetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngebantfu baka-Israyeli, kodvwa ngaletinye tikhatsi lingasho sicumbi sebantfu labahlangene ngenjongo letsite nobe labo labamelele bantfu baka-Israyeli.​—Dut 16:8; Tik 21:​10; 1Ks 8:5.

• Sivumelwane.

  Loku bekuba kuvumelana lokuba khona emkhatsini waNkulunkulu nebantfu nobe emkhatsini webantfu lababili, bavumelane ngalokutsite labatakwenta nobe labangeke bakwente. Ngalesinye sikhatsi uba munye umuntfu lokufanele ente loku lavume kutsi utakwenta (lesi sivumelwane lesentiwa ngumuntfu munye, futsi bekuvame kuba setsembiso). Ngaletinye tikhatsi laba lababili labavumelene bekufanele bente lokutsite (lesi sivumelwane lesentiwa bantfu lababili). LiBhayibheli aligcini ngekukhuluma ngetivumelwane Nkulunkulu lebekatenta nebantfu, kodvwa liphindze likhulume nangetivumelwane lebetenteka emkhatsini webantfu, tive nemacembu latsite. Tivumelwane letitsintse bantfu labanyenti tifaka ekhatsi leso Nkulunkulu lasenta na-Abrahama, naDavide, nesive sema-Israyeli (sivumelwane seMtsetfo), kanye na-Israyeli waNkulunkulu (sivumelwane lesisha).​—Gen 9:​11; 15:​18; 21:​27; Eks 24:7; 2Tk 21:7.

T

• Tati tema-Ephikhuri.

  Laba bekubalandzeli besati sefilosofi lesingumGriki lesingu-Epicurus (341-​270 B.C.E.). Umcondvo wefilosofi yabo bewukutsi umgomo wekuphila kutsi umuntfu ajabule.​—Imi 17:18.

• Tati temaStoyiki.

  Lesi sikolwa semaGriki setati tefilosofi lebetikholelwa kutsi kuze umuntfu ajabule kufanele asebentise  likhono lakhe lekucabanga futsi aphile ngekuvumelana nemitsetfo yendalo. Ngekusho kwaletati, umuntfu lohlakaniphe mbamba ngulongabonakali nakeva buhlungu nobe ajabulile.​—Imi 17:18.

• Tembatfo temphi.

  Leti timphahla tekutivikela letigcokwa ngemasotja, kufaka ekhatsi sigcoko sekutivikela, lijazi lensimbi, libhande, kwekuvikela imilente, nelihawu lelikhulu.​—1Sa 31:9; Efe 6:​13-17.

• Tetfulo.

  Lena yimali lekhishwa nguHulumende nobe umbusi ibhadale lomunye njengeluphawu lwekutitfoba kuze kwakhiwe kuthula nobe kuze loyo hulumende uvikeleke. (2Ks 3:4; 18:​14-16; 2Tk 17:​11) Leligama liphindze lisetjentiswe nanakukhulunywa ngemtselo lokhishwa ngumuntfu.​—Neh 5:4; Rom 13:7.

• Thamuzi.

  (1) Leli libito lankulunkulu lowakhalelwa bafati labangemaHebheru labatihlubuki eJerusalema. Kucatjangwa kutsi Thamuzi bekayinkhosi leyabese yentiwa nkulunkulu ngemuva kwekufa kwakhe. Etincwadzini taseSumer, Thamuzi ubitwa ngekutsi nguDumuzi futsi bekatiwa ngekutsi usingani nobe indvodza yankulunkulukati wentalo longu-Inanna (nkulunkulukati waseBhabhulona lokutsiwa ngu-Ishtar). (Hez 8:​14) (2) Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lenyanga yesine kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesi-10 kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waJune iphele emkhatsini waJuly.​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Thebethi.

  Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leli kwaba ligama lenyanga yesi-10 kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesine kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini waDecember iphele emkhatsini waJanuary. Ivame kubitwa ngekutsi ‘yinyanga yesi-10.’ (Est 2:​16)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.

• Tikhulu.

  Lawa ngemadvodza labekwa nguJehova kutsi asindzise bantfu bakhe ngaphambi kwekutsi kube nemakhosi ka-Israyeli.​—Tik 2:16.

• Timangaliso; Imisebenti yemandla.

  Leti tento nobe tintfo letentekako letingetulu kwemandla ebantfu futsi umtfombo wato ngumuntfu lonemandla lamakhulu. Ngaletinye tikhatsi, eBhayibhelini kusetjentiswa ligama lelitsi ‘sibonakaliso’ nakukhulunywa ngentfo lefanako.​—Eks 4:​21; Imi 4:​22; Heb 2:4.

• Timphondvo teli-al’thare.

  Leti tintfo lebetifana netimphondvo lebetisemakoneni lamane kulamanye ema-al’thare. (Lev 8:​15; 1Ks 2:​28)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5 na-B8.

• Tindlawu.

  Lawa ngemathulusi lakhiwe ngeligolide lebekasetjentiswa ethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini kuze kucishwe tibane.​—Eks 37:23.

• Tindzaba letimnandzi.

  EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, leti tindzaba letimnandzi letimayelana neMbuso waNkulunkulu nekusindziswa ngenca yekukholwa kuJesu Khristu.​—Luk 4:​18, 43; Imi 5:​42; Sem 14:6.

• Tingilosi.

  Leligama lisuselwa egameni lesiHebheru lelitsi mal·ʼakhʹ nasegameni lesiGriki lelitsi agʹge·los. Omabili lamagama asho “sitfunywa” kodvwa kusetjentiswa lelitsi “ingilosi” nangabe kukhulunywa ngetitfunywa letingumoya. (Gen 16:7; 32:3; Jak 2:​25; Sem 22:8) Tingilosi titidalwa letingumoya letinemandla letadalwa nguNkulunkulu kusasele sikhatsi lesidze adale bantfu. EBhayibhelini tiphindze tibitwe ngekutsi ‘ngulabangcwele,’ ‘ngemadvodzana aNkulunkulu,’ nangekutsi ‘tinkhanyeti tentsatsakusa.’ (Dut 33:2; Job 1:​6, umbhalo longentasi; Job 38:7) Atidalwanga tinelikhono lekutala letinye tingilosi, kodvwa nguleyo naleyo yadalwa iyodvwana. Tingetulu kwetigidzi letingu-100. (Dan 7:​10) LiBhayibheli liyaveta kutsi tinemagama ato nebuntfu lobungafani, kodvwa atifuni kukhontwa, futsi letinyenti tato ativumanga kusho emagama ato. (Gen 32:​29; Luk 1:​26; Sem 22:​8, 9) Tinetigaba letingafani futsi tenta imisebenti leyehlukahlukene, lefaka ekhatsi kusebenta embikwesihlalo saJehova sebukhosi, kwendlulisa imilayeto levela kuye, kusita tikhonti taJehova letisemhlabeni, kukhipha tehlulelo taNkulunkulu kanye nekusita emsebentini wekushumayela tindzaba letimnandzi. (2Ks 19:​35; Hl 34:7; Luk 1:​30, 31; Sem 5:​11; 14:6) Esikhatsini lesitako titawulekelela Jesu nakalwa emphini ye-Amagedoni.​—Sem 19:​14, 15.

•  Tinkhwa letinikelwe kuNkulunkulu.

  Lawa ngemalofu langu-12 etinkhwa lebetibekwa etafuleni tibe titaki letimbili, tibe sitfupha ngala nangala, futsi betibekwa eNgcwele lesethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini. Tibitwa nangekutsi “tinkhwa letititaki.” Njalo ngeliSabatha, lomnikelo loya kuNkulunkulu bewukhishwa bese kufakwa tinkhwa letisandza kubhakwa. Lesinkhwa lebesikhishwa besivame kudliwa baphristi kuphela. (2Tk 2:4; Mat 12:4; Eks 25:​30; Lev 24:​5-9; Heb 9:2)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B5.

• Tintfo tekucima umlilo.

  Lawa ngemathulusi lebekasetjentiswa ethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini, futsi bekakhiwa ngeligolide nobe ngelitfusi. Bekafana netikelo tekujuba tintsambo tetibane.​—2Ks 25:14.

• Tintsaba TaseLebanoni.

  Leti tintsaba letimbili letakha ludvwendvwe lwetintsaba tasendzaweni yaseLebanoni. Tintsaba taseLebanoni tisenshonalanga kantsi Tintsaba Letibukene neLebanoni tisemphumalanga. Kunesigodzi lesidze futsi lesivundzile lesehlukanisa letintsaba letimbili. Kungenteka tintsaba taseLebanoni ticala kuphakama kusukela elugwini lwaseMedithera, futsi ticongo tato tiphakeme ngemamitha lasukela kulangu-1 800 na-2 100 (tinyatselo letingu-6 000 na-7 000). Kadzeni, iLebanoni beyinemisedari lemidze naleminyenti, futsi tive letakhelene nayo betiyitsatsa njengaleligugu kakhulu. (Dut 1:7; Hl 29:6; 92:​12)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B7.

• Tishri.​—

  Fundza ligama lelitsi ETHANIMU neSandzisanchazo B15.

• Titja tekufaka emalahle.

  Lawa ngemathulusi lebekakhiwe ngeligolide, ngelisiliva nobe ngelitfusi, bekasetjentiswa ethendeni lekukhontela nasethempelini kuze kushiswe imphepho futsi kukhishwe emalahle e-al’thare lemihlatjelo, kukhishwe netintsambo tetibane lesetisebentile elutsini lwesibane lolwentiwe ngeligolide. Betibitwa nangekutsi titja tekushisela imphepho.​—Eks 37:​23; 2Tk 26:​19; Heb 9:4.

• Titselo tekucala.

  Leti titselo letitfolakala kucala nakusikhatsi sekuvuna; ngumkhicito wekucala. Jehova watsi ema-Israyeli kufanele anikele titselo tekucala kuye, kungaba bantfu, tilwane nobe lokulinyiwe. Sive sema-Israyeli besinikela titselo tekucala kuNkulunkulu ngeMkhosi Wesinkhwa Lesite Imvubelo nangeliPhentekhoste. Leligama lelitsi “titselo tekucala” beliphindze lisetjentiswe kuze limelele Khristu nebalandzeli bakhe labagcotjiwe.​—1Kt 15:​23; Num 15:​21; Tag 3:9; Sem 14:4.

U

• Umbhali.

  Lona ngumuntfu lobekenta emakhophi emiBhalo YesiHebheru.​—Ezr 7:6.

• Umbhalo longenhla.

  Lona ngumbhalo losekucaleni kwesihlabelelo loveta umbhali waso, uba nemininingwane letsite, uvete ticondziso tekuhlabela lengoma nobe injongo yalesihlabelelo.​—Fundza umbhalo longenhla weTihlabelelo 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 30, 38, 60, 92, 102.

• Umboni wemibono.

  Lona ngumuntfu losuke embulelwe nguNkulunkulu kuze abone intsandvo yakhe, futsi emehlo akhe ayavulwa kuze aboniswe nobe entiwe kutsi acondze tintfo labangaticondzi labanye bantfu. NgesiHebheru leligama litsetfwe egameni lelisho “kubona,” kungaba kutsi umuntfu ubona mbamba nobe lisetjentiswe kuze limelele lokutsite. Bantfu bebaya kumboni wemibono kuze bayofuna seluleko lesihlakaniphile nangabe banetinkinga.​—1Sa 9:9.

• Umbonisi.

  Lena yindvodza lenemsebenti loyinhloko wekubuka libandla nekulelusa. Umcondvo waleligama losuselwe egameni lesiGriki lelitsi e·piʹsko·pos usho kwelusa nekuvikela. Ligama lelitsi “umbonisi” nalelitsi “lomdzala welibandla” (pre·sbyʹte·ros) asho umsebenti munye ebandleni lebuKhristu. Lelitsi “lomdzala welibandla” libhekisela ebuntfwini lanabo lobukhombisa kutsi uvutsiwe loyo lobekiwe, kantsi lelitsi “umbonisi” lona ligcizelela imisebenti layentako.​—Imi 20:​28; 1Tm 3:​2-7; 1Ph 5:2.

• Umbumbi.

  Lona ngumuntfu lowakha tintfo ngelubumba, letifaka ekhatsi tindziwo, titja nalokunye lokubunjiwe. Ligama lesiHebheru lelitsi umbumbi nalihunyushwe njengobe linjalo lisho “umenti.” Ligunya umbumbi lanalo kulolubumba livame kusetjentiswa kuze kufananiswe bukhosi baJehova kubantfu kanye nasetiveni.​—Isa 64:8; Rom 9:21.

•  Umbusi wesifundza.

  Lona ngumbusi loyinhloko wesifundza lobekacondziswa yiNdlu yeTimphunga yaseRoma. Bekanemandla ekukhipha tehlulelo newekucondzisa umbutfo wemasotja, futsi nanobe tintfo latentako bekufanele tibukwe nguleTimphunga, kodvwa bekaneligunya lelisetulu kulesifundza.​—Imi 13:7; 18:12.

• UMbuso waNkulunkulu.

  Leli ligama lelisetjentiswa kakhulu nakukhulunywa ngebukhosi baNkulunkulu lobumelelwa nguhulumende weNdvodzana yakhe lenguKhristu Jesu.​—Mat 12:​28; Luk 4:​43; 1Kt 15:50.

• Umcondzisi.

  Njengobe lisetjentiswe kuTihlabelelo, ngesiHebheru leligama kubonakala shengatsi libhekisela kuloyo lobekahlela tingoma aphindze acondzise nekuhlatjelwa kwato, bekaphrakthizisa bahlabeleli labangemaLevi aphindze abaceceshe, futsi ngalesinye sikhatsi bekaba ngumholi nakuhlatjelwa emicimbini lemikhulu. Lamanye emahumusho ahumusha leligama atsi “umhlabelisi lomkhulu” nobe “umcondzisi wekuhlabela.”​—Hl 4:0; 5:0.

• Umculu.

  Lena yintfo lendze lebeyibhalwe lokutsite eluhlangotsini lunye, beyentiwe ngesikhumba semvu nobe sembuti nobe ngephaphira, futsi beyivame kugocotelwa elugodvweni. Bekusetjentiswa imiculu nakubhalwa imiBhalo nobe kwentiwa emakhophi ayo, futsi imiculu bekungiyo lebekuvame kubhalelwa kuyo ngetikhatsi tekubhalwa kweliBhayibheli.​—Jer 36:​4, 18, 23; Luk 4:​17-20; 2Tm 4:13.

• Umfati lomncane.

  Esitsenjini, umfati lomncane nobe liphovela bekuba ngulomunye umfati lotsatfwa yindvodza lobekalandzela umfati wayo mbamba (nobe bafati bayo), futsi bekangawatfoli onkhe emalungelo njengalomfati mbamba. Etikhatsini letinyenti bekuba yintfombatane lesigcili.​—Eks 21:8; 2Sa 5:​13; 1Ks 11:3.

• Umgodzi longenamkhawulo.

  Leligama lisuselwe egameni lesiGriki lelitsi aʹbys·sos, lelisho “kujula kakhulu” nobe “indzawo lengagcini, leshona siphelane.” Lisetjentiswa EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki nakukhulunywa ngendzawo nobe simo sekuboshwa. Lifaka ekhatsi lithuna, kodvwa alisho loko kuphela.​—Luk 8:​31; Rom 10:7; Sem 20:3.

• Umhlanga wekukala.

  Lena yindvuku yekukala lebeyingemakhyubhitha lasitfupha budze. Nayikalwa ngemakhyubhitha lavamile beyingemamitha langu-2.67 (tinyatselo letingu-8.75); nayikalwa ngemakhyubhitha lamadze beyingemamitha langu-3.11 (tinyatselo letingu-10.2). (Hez 40:​3, 5; Sem 11:1)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B14.

• Umhlanga.

  Leli ligama lelisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngetihlahla letinyenti letivame kumila endzaweni lemanti. Etikhatsini letinyenti sihlahla lokusuke kukhulunywa ngaso yi-Arundo donax. (Job 8:​11; Isa 42:3; Mat 27:​29; Sem 11:1)​—Fundza ligama lelitsi UMHLANGA WEKUKALA.

• Umhlatjelo wekuthula.

  Lona ngumhlatjelo lobewunikelwa kuJehova kuze umuntfu acele kuba nekuthula naNkulunkulu. Lomhlatjelo bewudliwa ngulona lowunikelako akanye nemndeni wakhe, nemphristi lomkhulu kanye nebaphristi lebebenta imisebenti yabo. Bekuba shengatsi Jehova uva liphunga lelimnandzi nakushunca intfutfu yemanoni alomhlatjelo. Ingati nayo beyiniketwa yena njengobe imelela kuphila. Bekuba shengatsi baphristi nalaba labanikelako badla sidlo naJehova, futsi loku bekuveta kutsi banekuthula naye.​—Lev 7:​29, 32; Dut 27:7.

• Umhlatjelo.

  Lona ngumnikelo umuntfu lawunikela kuNkulunkulu kuze abonge, avume sono sakhe futsi abuyisane naye. Kusukela ku-Abela, bantfu bebenta imihlatjelo leyehlukahlukene ngekutitsandzela, lebeyifaka ekhatsi kunikela ngetilwane kwaze kwaba ngulapho sivumelwane seMtsetfo waMosi sesitsi kufanele yentiwe. Ngemuva kwekutsi Jesu sekanikele ngekuphila kwakhe kwaba ngumhlatjelo lote sono, bekungasadzingeki kutsi kunikelwe ngemihlatjelo yetilwane, kodvwa emaKhristu ayachubeka entela Nkulunkulu lolunye luhlobo lwemihlatjelo.​—Gen 4:4; Heb 13:​15, 16; 1Jh 4:10.

• Umhubhe waSolomoni.

  Ethempelini langesikhatsi saJesu, lena bekuyindzawo lokuhanjwa kuyo lebeyifulelwe futsi beyisemphumalanga yelibala lelingephandle, bekukholelwa kutsi yasala nakubhidlitwa lithempeli lelakhiwa nguSolomoni. Jesu wahamba khona ‘ngesikhatsi sasebusika,’ futsi emaKhristu ekucala bekahlangana  khona kuze akhonte Nkulunkulu. (Joh 10:​22, 23; Imi 5:​12)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B11.

• UmJuda.

  Leli ligama lelasetjentiswa nakubhekiselwa kumuntfu wesive sakaJuda ngemuva kwekuncotjwa kwetive letingu-10 tembuso waka-Israyeli. (2Ki 16:6) Ngemuva kwekutfunjwa eBhabhulona, leligama lasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngema-Israyeli lebekaphuma etiveni letehlukene labuyela emuva ka-Israyeli. (Ezr 4:​12) Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, lasetjentiswa emhlabeni wonkhe kuze lehlukanise ema-Israyeli kubantfu betive. (Est 3:6) Umphostoli Pawula uphindze alisebentise leligama nakakhuluma ngekutsi buve abusiyo intfo lebalulekile ebandleni lemaKhristu.​—Rom 2:​28, 29; Gal 3:28.

• UMkhosi Wekunikela LiThempeli.

  Leli lilanga lebeligujwa umnyaka nemnyaka kuze kukhunjulwe sikhatsi sekuhlanjululwa kwelithempeli ngemuva kwekutsi lingcoliswe ngu-Antiochus Epiphanes. Lomkhosi bewucala ngaKhislevu 25 futsi bewutsatsa emalanga langu-8.​—Joh 10:22.

• UMkhosi Wemadlangala.

  Lomkhosi bewubitwa nangekutsi nguMkhosi Wemathende nobe uMkhosi Wekubutsa. Bewuba nga-Ethanimu 15-21. Bekungumkhosi wekuhalalisa ngenca yesivuno, bewugujwa nakuphela umnyaka wekulima wema-Israyeli, futsi bekuba sikhatsi sekujabula nesekubonga Jehova ngekubusisa umkhicito wabo. Ngesikhatsi salomkhosi, bantfu bebakha emadlangala nobe batakhele umtfunti, bese bahlala kuwo kuze batikhumbute ngeluhambo lwekuphuma eGibhithe. Lona ngulomunye wemikhosi lemitsatfu lebekulindzeleke kutsi bantfu labadvuna baye eJerusalema kuze bawugubhe.​—Lev 23:​34; Ezr 3:4.

• UMkhosi Wesinkhwa Lesite Imvubelo.

  Lona bekungumkhosi wekucala emikhosini lemikhulu lebeyigujwa ngema-Israyeli njalo ngemnyaka. Bewucala ngaNisani 15 lokulilanga lebelilandzela liPhasika, futsi bewutsatsa emalanga langu-7. Sinkhwa lesite imvubelo bekungiso kuphela lebesidliwa, kuze kukhunjulwe luhambo lwekuphuma eGibhithe.​—Eks 23:​15; Mak 14:1.

• UMkhosi Wesivuno; uMkhosi Wemaviki.​—

  Fundza ligama lelitsi LIPHENTEKHOSTE.

• UmKhristu.

  Leli ligama Nkulunkulu lalinika balandzeli baJesu Khristu.​—Imi 11:​26; 26:28.

• UMlamuli.

  Lona ngumuntfu loncenga emacembu lamabili kutsi abuyisane. EmiBhalweni, Mosi ungumlamuli esivumelwaneni seMtsetfo futsi Jesu ungumlamuli esivumelwaneni lesisha.​—Gal 3:​19; 1Tm 2:5.

• Umlindzi.

  Lona ngumuntfu logadza bantfu nobe indzawo, esikhatsini lesinyenti ugadza ebusuku, futsi nguye longahlaba umkhosi nangabe kusondzela ingoti. Bantfu labagadzako bebavama kuma etindvongeni telidolobha nasemibhoshongweni kuze babone bantfu baseta khashane. Umuntfu longumlindzi emphini uvame kubitwa ngekutsi ngugadzi nobe lisotja. Ngendlela lengumfanekiso, baphristi bebabalindzi besive saka-Israyeli, futsi bebecwayisa bantfu ngekubhujiswa lobekuta.​—2Ks 9:​20; Hez 3:17.

• UMmeleli Loyinhloko.

  NgesiGriki leligama lisho “UMholi Loyinhloko.” Lisho indzima lebalulekile yaJesu Khristu yekukhulula bantfu labetsembekile emiphumeleni lemibi yesono futsi abanikete kuphila lokuphakadze.​—Imi 3:​15; 5:​31; Heb 2:​10; 12:2.

• UmNazaretha.

  Leli ligama Jesu lebekabitwa ngalo njengobe bekawasedolobheni laseNazaretha. Kungenteka lihlobene neligama lesiHebheru lelisetjentiswe ku-Isaya 11:1 lelisho “lihlumela.” Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi leligama lasetjentiswa nakubalandzeli baJesu.​—Mat 2:​23; Imi 24:5.

• UmNaziri.

  Leli ligama lelitsatselwe egameni lesiHebheru lelisho “Umuntfu Lokhetsiwe,” “Umuntfu Lotinikele,” “Umuntfu Lowehlukanisiwe.” Bekunetinhlobo letimbili temaNaziri: Bekunalawo lebekatikhetsele kuba ngemaNaziri nalawo lebekakhetfwe nguNkulunkulu. Umuntfu lomdvuna nobe lomsikati bekufanele ente sifungo lesikhetsekile kuJehova sekutsi utawuphila njengemNaziri sikhatsi lesitsite. Labo labatikhetsele kwenta lesifungo bebabekelwe imincele lemitsatfu leyinhloko: bekungakafaneli banatse tjwala nobe badle lokwentiwe ngemagilebisi, bekungakafaneli bahhule tinwele futsi bekungakafaneli batsintse sidvumbu. Labo lebebakhetfwe nguNkulunkulu kutsi babe ngemaNaziri  bebaba ngiwo kuphila kwabo konkhe, futsi Jehova watisho ngalokucacile tintfo lebetilindzelekile kubo.​—Num 6:​2-7; Tik 13:5.

• Umnikelo lojikitiswako.

  Nakwentiwa lomnikelo, kubonakala shengatsi umphristi bekabeka tandla takhe ngephansi kwetandla telikholwa lebelibambe lomhlatjelo lonikelwako futsi awujikitise uye lena nalena; nobe umphristi bekuba nguye lojikitisa lomnikelo. Lesento besimelela kunikela ngemhlatjelo kuJehova.​—Lev 7:30.

• Umnikelo walokunatfwako.

  Lona ngumnikelo weliwayini lebewutselwa e-al’thare bese unikelwa kanye naleminye iminikelo. Pawula walisebentisa leligama nakafananisa sifiso sakhe sekutinikela ngenca yalamanye emaKhristu.​—Num 15:​5, 7; Flp 2:17.

• Umnikelo wekubonga.

  Lona ngumnikelo wekuthula lobewuwekudvumisa Nkulunkulu ngenca yetintfo lebekatipha bantfu kanye nelutsandvo lolucotfo lebekanalo. Bekudliwa inyama yesilwane lesinikelwe kuphindze kudliwe nesinkhwa lesinemvubelo nalesite imvubelo. Lenyama bekufanele idliwe ngalelolanga.​—2Tk 29:31.

• Umnikelo wekufunga.

  Lona ngumnikelo lobewentiwa ngekutitsandzela futsi bewuhambisana netifungo letitsite.​—Lev 23:​38; 1Sa 1:21.

• Umnikelo wekushiswa.

  Lesi silwane lesentiwa umhlatjelo lebesishiswa sonkhe e-al’thare sentiwe umnikelo kuNkulunkulu; bekute incenye yalesilwane (inkunzi, imvu lendvuna, imbuti lendvuna, lituba nobe lizini lelituba) lebeyishiywa ngulona lobekenta lomnikelo.​—Eks 29:​18; Lev 6:9.

• Umnikelo welicala.

  Lona ngumhlatjelo lowentiwa ngumuntfu ngenca yetono takhe. Bowehluka kancane kuleminye iminikelo yesono ngobe wona bewuwekucinisekisa nobe kuvuselela emalungelo esivumelwane lesitsite lebesekamlahlekele lomuntfu losoni lophendvukako, futsi lomnikelo bewumkhulula esijezisweni.​—Lev 7:​37; 19:​22; Isa 53:10.

• Umnikelo wesono.

  Lona ngumhlatjelo lowentiwako nangabe umuntfu ente sono angakacondzi ngenca yenyama lenesono. Bekusetjentiswa tilwane letehlukahlukene nakwentiwa imihlatjelo, bekungaba yinkunzi nobe livukutfu, kuye ngesikhundla kanye nesimo salona lowonile lodzinga kubuyisana naNkulunkulu.​—Lev 4:​27, 29; Heb 10:8.

• UMnyaka Wekukhululwa.

  Njalo ngemnyaka wesi-50, nakubalwa kusukela ngesikhatsi ema-Israyeli angena eVeni Lesetsembiso, bekuba nguMnyaka Wekukhululwa. Umhlaba bekufanele ungalinywa ngalowo mnyaka, futsi tigcili letingemaHebheru bekufanele tikhululwe. Tindzawo letilifa lebetitsengisiwe betibuyiselwa emuva. Ngemcondvo lotsite, uMnyaka Wekukhululwa bekungumnyaka wemkhosi, umnyaka wekukhululeka lobewubuyisela sive esimeni lebesikuso ngesikhatsi Nkulunkulu asakha.​—Lev 25:10.

• Umoya longcwele.

  Lawa ngemandla aNkulunkulu langabonakali lawasebentisako kuze afeze injongo yakhe. Lomoya ungcwele ngenca yekutsi uvela kuJehova lohlobile nalolunge ngelizinga leliphakeme kakhulu, nangenca yekutsi Nkulunkulu uyawusebentisa kuze ente tintfo letingcwele.​—Luk 1:​35; Imi 1:8.

• Umoya.

  Ligama lesiHebheru lelitsi ruʹach nelesiGriki lelitsi pneuʹma, avame kuhunyushwa ngekutsi “umoya,” futsi leligama linetinchazelo letinyentana. Letinchazelo tisho intfo lengabonakali ngemehlo futsi tifakazela kutsi kunalokutsite lokwentekako. Leligama lesiHebheru nelesiGriki liyasetjentiswa nakukhulunywa (1) ngemoya lohhushako, (2) ngemoya wekuphila losetintfweni letisemhlabeni letidaliwe, (3) ngesifiso lesenta umuntfu kutsi asho lokutsite nobe ente tintfo ngendlela letsite, (4) ngemavi laphefumulelwe lasuka kulotsite longabonakali, (5) ngetidalwa letingumoya, (6) ngemandla aNkulunkulu nobe umoya longcwele.​—Eks 35:​21; Hl 104:​29; Mat 12:​43; Luk 11:13.

• Umphefumulo.

  Lena yindlela lokuhunyushwa ngayo ligama lesiHebheru lelitsi neʹphesh nelesiGriki lelitsi psy·kheʹ. Nakuhlolisiswa indlela leligama lelisetjentiswe ngayo eBhayibhelini, kuyabonakala kutsi lisho (1) bantfu, (2) tilwane, nobe (3) kuphila kwemuntfu nobe kwesilwane. (Gen 1:​20; 2:7; Num 31:​28; 1Ph 3:​20; imibhalo lengentasi) Ngalokwehlukile endleleni tinkholo letinyenti letilisebentisa ngayo leligama lelitsi “umphefumulo,”  liBhayibheli nalikhuluma ngetintfo letidaliwe letisemhlabeni liveta kutsi ligama lelitsi neʹphesh nalelitsi psy·kheʹ, libhekisela entfweni lebonakalako, longayitsintsa nasentfweni lefako. Kulelihumusho, lamagama elulwimi lwekucala ahunyushwe kwaya ngenchazelo yawo endzabeni lokukhulunywa ngayo, kusetjentiswe emagama lafana nalelitsi “kuphila,” “lokudaliwe,” “umuntfu,” “kuphila kwemuntfu,” kwaphindze kwasetjentiswa nesabito selucobo (nasi sibonelo, “mine” lomelela “umphefumulo wami”). Etikhatsini letinyenti kuba nembhalo longentasi lobeka leligama lelitsi “umphefumulo” njengobe linjalo. Nangabe ligama lelitsi “umphefumulo” lisetjentisiwe, kungaba sevesini nobe embhalweni longentasi, kufanele licondvwe ngendlela lehambisana nalenchazelo lengenhla. Nangabe kukhulunywa ngekwenta intfo letsite ngemphefumulo wonkhe, loko kusho kuyenta ngenhlitiyo yonkhe nobe ngako konkhe kuphila kwakho. (Dut 6:5; Mat 22:​37) Kuletinye tikhatsi, lamagama elulwimi lwekucala angasho sifiso nobe lokulangatelelwa sidalwa lesiphilako. Lamagama angasho nemuntfu lofile nobe sidvumbu.​—Num 6:6; Tag 23:2; Isa 56:​11; Hag 2:13.

• Umphikikhristu.

  NgesiGriki, leligama linetinchazelo letimbili. Lingasho loko lokumelene naKhristu nobe lokuphikisana naye. Lingaphindze lisho Khristu mbumbulu, nobe loyo losesikhundleni saKhristu. Bonkhe bantfu, tinhlangano nobe emacembu lakhuluma emanga latsi amelela Khristu nobe bantfu labatsi banguMesiya nobe labaphikisana naKhristu nebalandzeli bakhe babitwa ngekutsi baphikikhristu.​—1Jh 2:22.

• Umphostoli.

  Umcondvo loyinhloko waleligama usho ‘loyo lotfunyiwe’ futsi lisetjentiswa kuJesu kanye nalabanye labatfunywa kuze basite labanye. Esikhatsini lesinyenti, lisetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngebafundzi labangu-12 Jesu labakhetsa yena matfupha kuze bammelele.​—Mak 3:​14; Imi 14:14.

• Umphristi lomkhulu.

  EmiBhalweni YesiHebheru, leli ngulelinye ligama lelisetjentiswako nakukhulunywa “ngemphristi lophakeme.” EmiBhalweni YemaKhristu YesiGriki, kubonakala ngatsi leligama lelitsi “baphristi labakhulu” belisho emadvodza laholako labaphristi, lokungenteka bekafaka ekhatsi baphristi labaphakeme lebesebehlile esikhundleni kanye netinhloko temacembu ebaphristi langu-24.​—2Tk 26:​20; Ezr 7:5; Mat 2:4; Mak 8:31.

• Umphristi lophakeme.

  Ngephansi kweMtsetfo waMosi, lona ngumphristi loyinhloko lobekamelela bantfu kuNkulunkulu futsi bekengamele labanye baphristi. Ubitwa nangekutsi ‘ngumphristi lomkhulu.’ (2Tk 26:​20; Ezr 7:5) Nguye kuphela lobekavumeleke kutsi angene eNgcwelengcwele, lokuyindzawo lebeyisekhatsi nekhatsi kwelithende lekukhontela futsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi yaba ngekhatsi nekhatsi ethempelini. Bekangena kuphela ngeLilanga Lekubuyisana naNkulunkulu. Ligama lelitsi “umphristi lophakeme” liyasetjentiswa nakuJesu Khristu.​—Lev 16:​2, 17; 21:​10; Mat 26:3; Heb 4:14.

• Umphristi.

  Lena yindvodza lebeyibekwe kutsi imelele Nkulunkulu kubantfu, ibafundzise ngaNkulunkulu nangemitsetfo yakhe. Baphristi bebaphindze bamelele labantfu kuNkulunkulu, bente imihlatjelo, bancusele bantfu baphindze babancengele. Kusengakabi neMtsetfo waMosi, inhloko yemndeni beyiba ngumphristi wemndeni wayo. NasekuneMtsetfo waMosi, labadvuna basemndenini wa-Aroni lebebabesive semaLevi ngibo lebebaba baphristi, bese kutsi labanye labadvuna labangemaLevi bebaba basiti babo. Ngesikhatsi sivumelwane lesisha sicala kusebenta, Israyeli waNkulunkulu waba sive sebaphristi, futsi Jesu Khristu waba nguMphristi Lophakeme.​—Eks 28:​41; Heb 9:​24; Sem 5:10.

• Umphrofethi.

  Lona ngumuntfu lowendlulisela imilayeto levela kuNkulunkulu. Baphrofethi bebabakhulumeli baNkulunkulu, bebangagcini ngekuphrofetha loko lobekutawenteka, kodvwa bebendlulisela timfundziso taJehova, imiyalo yakhe kanye netehlulelo takhe.​—Amo 3:7; 2Ph 1:21.

• Umsebenti longcwele.

  Lona ngumsebenti lohlobene nekukhonta Nkulunkulu.​—Rom 12:1; Sem 7:15.

• Umshuculo.

  Lena yindvwangu legigeletelwa enhloko. Umphristi lophakeme bekafaka umshuculo lowentiwe ngelineni lecolisakele, futsi ngembili kwawo bekunangcwengcwe weligolide lobewuboshwe  ngentsambo leluhlata njengesibhakabhaka. Inkhosi beyifaka umshuculo ngephansi kwemchele wayo. Jobe walisebentisa leligama ngesikhatsi afananisa kulunga kwakhe nemshuculo.​—Eks 28:​36, 37; Job 29:​14, umbhalo longentansi; Hez 21:26.

• Umtsenwa.

  Nalihunyushwe njengobe linjalo lisho umuntfu lomdvuna lophakuliwe. Umtsenwa bekavama kusebenta esigodlweni kuze anakekele umfati wenkhosi nemaphovela. Leligama beliphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngendvuna yesigodlo lenikwe imisebenti letsite esigodlweni senkhosi ngisho nobe ingakaphakulwa. Liyasetjentiswa ngendlela lengumfanekiso ngisho nalapho kukhulunywa ‘ngalabatitsena bona ngenca yeMbuso,’ lokungulabo labatibambako bangashadi kuze bente lokunyenti emsebentini waNkulunkulu.​—Mat 19:​12; Est 2:​15; Imi 8:27.

• UMtsetfo waMosi.

  Lona nguMtsetfo Jehova lawuniketa ema-Israyeli asebentisa Mosi ehlane laseSinayi nga-1513 B.C.E. Tincwadzi tekucala letisihlanu letiseBhayibhelini tivame kubitwa ngekutsi nguMtsetfo.​—Jos 23:6; Luk 24:44.

• UMtsetfo.

  Nangabe leligama libhalwe laba nafeleba, lisuke likhuluma ngeMtsetfo waMosi nobe ngetincwadzi letisihlanu tekucala eBhayibhelini. Nangabe lite feleba lisuke lisho imitsetfo leyehlukahlukene leseMtsetfweni waMosi nobe simiso lesitsite semtsetfo.​—Num 15:​16; Dut 4:8; Mat 7:​12; Gal 3:24.

• Umuntfu logucukele enkholweni yebuJuda.

  EmiBhalweni, lona ngumuntfu lobekemukele inkholo yebuJuda, futsi nangabe kungumuntfu lomdvuna bekasokwa.​—Mat 23:​15; Imi 13:43.

• Umuntfu lokhululekile; Lokhululiwe.

  Nakusabusa emaRoma, umuntfu “lokhululekile” bekungumuntfu lowatalwa akhululekile, bekanawo onkhe emalungelo lebekatfolwa takhamiti. Kodvwa umuntfu “lokhululiwe” bekunguloyo lokhululwe ekubeni sigcili. Umuntfu lokhululwe ngalokusemtsetfweni bekavunyelwa kutsi abe sakhamuti saseRoma, kodvwa bekangeke awente umsebenti lotsintsa ipolitiki. Umuntfu lokhululwe ngaletinye tindlela bekakhululeka ekubeni sigcili, kodvwa bekangawatfoli onkhe emalungelo.​—1Kt 7:22.

• Umuntfu lonelilungelo lekuhlenga.

  Lona ngumuntfu lobekanelilungelo nobe sibopho sekuhlenga sihlobo sakhe lesisedvute ekugcilatweni nobe sekuphindze atsenge indzawo nobe lifa lesihlobo sakhe. (Lev 25:​25-27, 47-54) Leligama liphindze lisetjentiswe nakukhulunywa ngelisiko lekutsatsa umfati wesihlobo lesisedvute lesishonile kuze umufi atalelwe bantfwana.​—Rut 4:​7-10.

• Umusa lomkhulu.

  NgesiGriki leligama linemcondvo loyinhloko losho intfo leyemukelekako futsi letsandzekako. Leligama livame kusetjentiswa nakukhulunywa ngesipho lesentiwe ngemusa nobe kuba nemusa nawupha. Nakukhulunywa ngemusa lomkhulu waNkulunkulu, leligama lichaza sipho Nkulunkulu lasiphe sona mahhala futsi wangalindzeli nekutsi simbhadale. Ngako leligama liveta kutsi Nkulunkulu upha ngesandla lesivulekile nekutsi unelutsandvo lolukhulu futsi unemusa kubantfu. NgesiGriki leligama liphindze lihunyushwe ngeligama lelitsi “umusa” nalelitsi “sipho lesentiwe ngemusa.” Lona lophiwako usuke angakenti lutfo lolumenta afanele kuphiwa, kodvwa uphiwa ngobe lona lophako usuke anemusa.​—2Kt 6:1; Efe 1:7.

Z

• Zeyusi.

  Lona ngunkulunkulu lomkhulu webantfu labangemaGriki lebebakhonta bonkulunkulu labanyenti. EListra, bantfu bebacabanga kutsi Bhanabasi nguZeyusi. Tintfo letabhalwa kadzeni letatfolakala edvute naseListra tikhuluma “ngebaphristi baZeyusi” kanye “naZeyusi longunkulunkulu welilanga.” Umkhumbi Pawula lahamba ngawo nakesuka esihlengeni saseMaltha bewuneluphawu lolutsi “Emadvodzana Azeyusi,” lokusho Castor nemnakabo Pollux lebebangemaphahla.​—Imi 14:​12; 28:11.

• Zivu.

  Leli bekuligama lekucala lenyanga yesibili kukhalenda lengcwele yemaJuda nenyanga yesi-8 kukhalenda yebalimi. Beyicala emkhatsini wa-April iphele emkhatsini waMay. Lenyanga ibitwa ngekutsi ngu-Iyyar encwadzini yeMtsetfo wemaJuda nakuletinye tincwadzi letabhalwa ngemuva kwekubuya ekutfunjweni eBhabhulona. (1Ks 6:​37)​—Fundza Sandzisanchazo B15.