MUTU 27
‘Kuchitiya Ukaboni Mwakukwana’
Paulo wangulutirizga kupharazga chinanga kuti wenga mujeri ku Roma
Nkhani iyi yatuliya pa Machitidu 28:11-31
1. Kumbi Paulo ndi anyaki wo wayendanga nawu agomezganganji, nanga ntchifukwa wuli?
SITIMA yikulu yo yenga ndi chikwangwani chakuti “Ŵana Anthulumi aku Zewu,” yo yitenere so kuti yapinganga vakurya yingutuliya pachirwa cha Melita cho che pa Nyanja ya Meditereniyani kuluta ku Itale. Umu mwenga mu chaka cha m’ma 59 C.E. Musitima iyi mwenga Paulo yo wenga mukayidi ndipu mwenga so Akhristu anyaki ŵaŵi wo amuperekezanga Luka ndi Arisitako. (Machi. 27:2) Mwakupambana ndi ŵanthu wo agwiranga ntchitu musitima, Paulo ndi anyaki agomezganga cha kuti angavikilirika ndi ‘ŵana anthulumi ŵaŵi amuwoli aku Zewu’ yo wenga chiuta wa Agiriki. Ŵana ŵenaŵa, munyaki wadanikanga kuti Costor ndipu munyaki wadanikanga kuti Pollux. (Wonani fundu yakusambiriya pa Machi. 28:11, nwtsty.) Paulo ndi anyaki wo wayendanga nawu ateŵetiyanga Yehova yo wanguŵakambiya kuti atenere kuchichitiya ukaboni ku Roma pamasu paku Kayisara.—Machi. 23:11; 27:24.
2, 3. Kumbi sitima yo Paulo wangukwera yingwende nthowa niyi, nanga ndiyani yo wangumuwovya kwamba pakwamba pa ulendu waki mpaka pakumaliya?
2 Pati pajumpha mazuŵa ngatatu sitima iyi yati yafika ku Sirakusi tawuni yakutowa ukongwa yo yenga yakukhumbika ukongwa nge Ateni ndi Roma, sitima yingulutiriya kwenda mpaka yinguchifika ku Regiyo kumwera kwa Itale. Chifukwa chakuwovyeka ndi mphepu, sitima iyi yingwenda liŵi ukongwa kutuwa padowoku la Regiyo kuchifika padowoku la Puteyoli (kufupi ndi tawuni yo sonu yiziŵika kuti Naples) ku Itale. Sitima iyi yingwenda mtunda wamakilomita 320 ndipu yinguchifika zuŵa lamawa laki.—Machi. 28:12, 13.
3 Yapa Paulo wenga muchigaŵa chakumaliya cha ulendu waki wakuluta ku Roma kuti wakawoneke pamasu pa Fumu Nero. Kwamba pakwamba pa ulendu waki mpaka pakumaliya “Chiuta wakupembuzga ukongwa” wangumutaya cha Paulo. (2 Akori. 1:3) Nge mo tiwoniyengi, Chiuta wanguleka cha kumuwovya Paulo ndipu nayu wangulutirizga kupharazga mwaphamphu nge mumishonale.
Paulo “Wanguwonga Chiuta Ndipu Wanguchita Chiganga” (Machitidu 28:14, 15)
4, 5. (a) Kumbi Paulo ndi anyaki angulondereka wuli ku Puteyoli, nanga ntchifukwa wuli angupaskika wanangwa ukulu viyo? (b) Kumbi nkharu yamampha yingaŵawovya wuli Akhristu mazuŵa nganu asani ŵe mujeri?
4 Ku Puteyoli, Paulo ndi anyaki ‘angusaniya abali ndipu abali wo anguŵapempha kuti ajeku kwa mazuŵa 7.’ (Machi. 28:14) Chenichi ntchakuwoniyapu chamampha ukongwa kwa Akhristu pa nkhani yakulonde alendu! Tikayika cha kuti abali ŵenaŵa angutumbikika ukongwa, chifukwa Paulo ndi anyaki wo wenga nawu atenere kuti anguŵachiska ukongwa abali ŵenaŵa. Ntchifukwa wuli Paulo yo wenga mukayidi wangupaskika wanangwa ukulu viyo? Panyaki chifukwa chakuti asilikali achiroma amugomezganga Paulo chifukwa cha vakuchita vaki vamampha.
5 Mazuŵa nganu napu, ateŵeti aku Yehova wo ŵe mujeri kweniso mumisasa yakutombozgiyaku ŵanthu, kanandi apaskika wanangwa kweniso aja ndi mwaŵi wapade chifukwa cha nkharu yawu yamampha ya Chikhristu. Mwakuyeruzgiyapu, ku Romania munthu munyaki yo wanguyeruzgika kuti wagwiri jeri kwa vyaka 75 chifukwa cha unkhungu wangwamba kusambira Mazu ngaku Chiuta ndipu sonu wakusintha ukongwa nkharu yaki. Mukuluta kwa nyengu, arara ajeri angwamba kumutuma kuti walutengi mutawuni kuchigula vakukhumbika pajeri kwambula kumuperekeza. Kuluska vosi nkharu yidu yamampha yitovya kuti Yehova wakankhuskiki!—1 Petu. 2:12.
6, 7. Kumbi abali a ku Roma angulongo wuli chanju chapade?
6 Kutuwa ku Puteyoli, Paulo ndi anyaki atenere kuti angwenda pasi kwa makilomita pafufupi 50 kuchifika ku Capua Nthowa ya Apiyo yo yalazganga ku Roma. Msewu uwu wenga wakutchuka ukongwa chifukwa ungupangika ndi mya yamampha ya fulati ndipu asani munthu watenda mumsewu wenuwu wawonanga vigaŵa vinandi vakutowa va charu cha Itale. Kweniso asani munthu wafika pamalu nganyaki mumsewu wenuwu wawonanga so Nyanja ya Meditereniyani yo yenga pamtunda wamakilomita pafufupi 60 kutuwa ku Roma. Pa dambu lenili ndipu penga Msika wa Apiyo. Luka wangulemba kuti Abali a ku Roma “ŵati avwa vakukwaskana ndi isi,” anyaki angwenda mtunda utali mpaka kuza ku Msika wa Apiyo ndipu anyaki alindizganga pa Nyumba Zitatu zakupumuliyapu alendu zo zenga pamtunda wamakilomita pafufupi 50 kutuwa ku Roma. Yapa abali yaŵa angulongo chanju chapade ukongwa!—Machi. 28:15.
7 Msika wa Apiyo wenga wamampha viŵi cha kupumuliyamu alendu wo avuka. Wakulemba ndakatulu munyaki wachiroma zina laki Horace wangukamba kuti: Msika wenuwu “wazazanga ndi alendu ndipu ŵanthu wo agwiranga ntchitu kwenuku ŵenga ambwinya ukongwa.” Iyu wangukamba kuti “maji nga kwenuku nganunkhanga uheni” ndipu wangukana ndi kuryaku chakurya viyo! Chinanga kuti malu yanga ngenga ngaheni viyo kweni abali wo angutuwa ku Roma angujipereka kuja pamalu ngenanga kumulindizga Paulo ndi anyaki wo wenga nawu kuti aŵaperekezi kuti akafiki umampha.
8. Ntchifukwa wuli Paulo “wanguwonga Chiuta wati waŵawona” abali ŵaki?
8 Nkhani iyi yikamba kuti “Paulo wati waŵawona,” abali ŵaki “wanguwonga Chiuta ndipu wanguchita chiganga.” (Machi. 28:15) Paulo wanguchiskika nadi ukongwa kweniso wangupembuzgika wati wawona abali ŵaki akwanjiwa chifukwa anyaki mwaku yiwu waziŵananga nawu kali. Ntchifukwa wuli Paulo wanguwonga Chiuta? Iyu wanguziŵa kuti chanju chikulu viyo ntchimoza mwa mijalidu yo mzimu utuzga. (Aga. 5:22) Mazuŵa nganu napu, mzimu wakupaturika uchiska Akhristu kuti ajiperekengi pakusuzgikiya abali ŵawu kweniso kuchiska wo asuzgika.—1 Ate. 5:11, 14.
9. Kumbi tingaŵayezga wuli abali wo angulondere Paulo?
9 Mwakuyeruzgiyapu, mzimu wakupaturika uchiska abali ndi azichi kuti alondiyengi akuwonere madera, amishonale kweniso ŵanthu anyaki wo achita uteŵeti wanyengu zosi wo atijinola vinthu vinandi kuti amaliyengi nyengu yawu yinandi pakuteŵete Yehova. Jifumbeni kuti: ‘Kumbi ndingamuwovya wuli wakuwonere dera pa nyengu yo watuza kuzicheze mpingu? Kumbi ndingamudaniya kunyumba limoza ndi muwolu waki asani ngwakuto? Kumbi ndingaziyende nayu limoza mu upharazgi?’ Musaniyengi vitumbiku vinandi asani muchitengi viyo. Mwakuyeruzgiyapu, ŵanaŵaniyani mo abali a ku Roma angukondwe po Paulo ndi anyaki akonkhoskanga vinthu vinandi vakuchiska vo angukumana navu.—Machi. 15:3, 4.
“Kwekosi Ŵanthu Akamba Vinthu Vamampha Cha” (Machitidu 28:16-22)
10. Kumbi vinthu venga wuli ndi Paulo wati wafika ku Roma, nanga ndi vinthu wuli vo wakutumika mwenuyu wanguchita wati wafika waka?
10 Gulu la ŵanthu lati lafika ku Roma, “Paulo wanguzomerezeka kuja yija ndi msilikali yo wamuwoneriyanga.” (Machi. 28:16) Kanandi akayidi ambula kofya aŵamangiriyanga tcheni ku msilikali yo waŵawoneriyanga. Kweni Paulo wangulekapu cha kupharazga uthenga wa Ufumu chinanga kuti wangumangika ndi tcheni ku msilikali waki. Wati wapumuwa kwa mazuŵa ngatatu, wangudana ŵanthu akuzirwa pakati pa Ayuda ku Roma kuti amuziŵi kweniso kuti waŵapharazgiyi.
11, 12. Wachikambiskana ndi Ayuda anyaki, kumbi Paulo wangumalisa wuli maŵanaŵanu ngaheni ngo atenere kuti ŵenga nangu?
11 Paulo wangukamba kuti: “Mwaŵanthu, abali ŵangu, chinanga kuti ndachita chinthu chechosi cha chakususkana ndi ŵanthu amtundu wangu pamwenga midawuku ya apapi ŵidu akali, kweni ndikuperekeka kwa Aroma nge mukayidi kutuwa ku Yerusalemu. Ŵati andifumbafumba, akhumbanga kundifwatuwa, pakuti pengavi chifukwa chakuti ndibayikiyi. Kweni Ayuda ŵati akana, ndinguwona kuti ndipemphi kuti Kayisara wakawuwoni so mulandu wangu. Kweni ndinguchita viyo chifukwa chakukhumba kumba mulandu ŵanthu amtundu wangu cha.”—Machi. 28:17-19.
12 Pakuŵadana Ayuda ŵenaŵa kuti “abali” ŵangu, Paulo wakhumbanga kuŵalongo kuti penga vinthu vinyaki vo wayanananga nawu kweniso wakhumbanga kumalisa maŵanaŵanu ngaheni ngo atenere kuti ŵenga nangu. (1 Akori. 9:20) Iyu wangukonkhoska mwakuvwika umampha kuti waŵambanga mulandu cha Ayuda anyaki kweni wakhumbanga waka kuti Kayisara wakawuwoni so mulandu waki. Kweni Ayuda a ku Roma anguvwaku cha kuti Paulo wapempha kuti wakawoneke kwaku Kayisara. (Machi. 28:21) Ntchifukwa wuli Ayuda a ku Yudeya anguŵaziŵisa cha anyawu nkhani yeniyi? Buku linyaki likamba kuti: “Sitima yo Paulo wangukwera yenga yimoza mwa masitima ngo ngangwamba kufika ku Itale nyengu yakuzizira yati yamala waka kweniso pa nyengu iyi ŵaraŵara ŵa Ayuda wo angutumika ku Yerusalemu ndipu ŵechendafiki kweniso asani angulemba kalata nayu yenga yechendafiki.”
13, 14. Kumbi Paulo wangwamba wuli kukambiskana ndi ŵanthu vakukwasana ndi Ufumu, nanga tingamuyezga wuli?
13 Paulo wangwamba kukambiskana nawu vakukwaskana ndi Ufumu ndipu wangwamba ndi fundu yo wanguwona kuti yingaŵakondwesa Ayuda wo amuvwisiyanga. Iyu wangukamba kuti: “Sonu pa chifukwa chenichi, ndingupempha kuti ndiwonani namwi ndipuso ndikambiskani namwi. Pakuti cho ndamangikiya simbi izi, ntchifukwa cha chilindizga cho Ayisirayeli ŵe nachu.” (Machi. 28:20) Nge mo mpingu wasambiziyanga, chilindizga chenichi chatingi chiŵengepu cha kwambula Mesiya kweniso Ufumu waki. Ayuda wo angumuka kuti: “Tiwona kuti mphakwenere kuti tivwi kwaku yiwi maŵanaŵanu ngaku, pakuti cho tiziŵa ntchakuti kwekosi ŵanthu akamba vinthu vamampha cha vakukwaskana ndi kagulu kakugaruka kenaka.”—Machi. 28:22.
14 Asani tasaniya mwaŵi wakupharazga uthenga wamampha, tingayezga Paulo mwakugwiriskiya ntchitu fundu pamwenga mafumbu ngo ngangawovya munthu yo tikhumba kumupharazgiya kuti waje ndi mtima wakukhumba kuziŵa vinandi. Mungasaniya masachizu ngamampha ukongwa mubuku la Kukambitsirana za m’Malemba, Pindulani ndi Sukulu ya Utumiki wa Mulungu ndipuso kabuku ka Jiperekeni pa Kuŵerenga ndi Kusambiza. Kumbi muyesesa kuzigwiriskiya ntchitu umampha fundu za mumabuku ngakusambiriya Bayibolu ngenanga?
Machitidu 28:23-29)
Wakutisiriya Chakuwoniyapu Chamampha pa Nkhani ‘Yakuchitiya Ukaboni Mwakukwana’ (15. Kumbi ndi nthowa zinayi nizi zo zilongo kuti Paulo wenga chakuwoniyapu chamampha pa nkhani yakupharazga?
15 Pa zuŵa lo angukoliyana, Ayuda “anandi anguza” ko Paulo wajanga. Iyu wanguŵakonkhoske nkhani yosi “kwamba mlenji mpaka mazulu ndipu wangupereka mwakukwana ukaboni wakukwaskana ndi Ufumu waku Chiuta ndipuso kuŵakopa ndi nkhani zakukwaskana ndi Yesu kutuliya mu Dangu laku Mozesi kweniso mu vo achimi akulemba.” (Machi. 28:23) Nthowa zinayi zo Paulo wangugwiriskiya ntchitu pakupharazga zingatiwovya so nasi. Chakwamba, iyu wakambanga ukongwa vakukwaskana ndi Ufumu waku Chiuta. Chachiŵi, wayesesanga kuŵafika pa mtima akuvwisiya mwakuŵakambiya fundu ‘zakuŵakopa.’ Chachitatu, wakambiskananga nawu fundu za mu Malemba. Chachinayi, wangulongo kuti wenga wakujipereka ukongwa chifukwa wapharazganga “kwamba mlenji mpaka mazulu.” Paulo wakutisiriya nadi chakuwoniyapu chamampha ukongwa! Kumbi ŵanthu achitanga wuli ndi vo wapharazganga? “Anyaki angwamba kugomezga,” kweni anyaki akananga. Luka wangukamba kuti ŵanthu angwamba ‘kupindana’ ndipu anyaki “angwamba kutuwapu.”—Machi. 28:24, 25a.
16-18. Ntchifukwa wuli Paulo wanguzizwa cha ndi Ayuda a ku Roma wo amususkanga, nanga isi titenere kuchita wuli asani ŵanthu akana uthenga widu?
16 Paulo wanguzizwa cha ndi mo Ayuda anguchitiya chifukwa venivi ndivu Bayibolu lingukambiya limu kweniso ndivu vamuchitikiyanga pa nyengu yosi yo wapharazganga. (Machi. 13:42-47; 18:5, 6; 19:8, 9) Pavuli paki, Paulo wangukambiya ŵanthu wo atuwangapu chifukwa chakuleka kukondwa ndi vo wasambizanga. Iyu wangukamba kuti: “Mzimu wakupaturika unguneneska nadi po ungukambiya apapi ŵinu akali kuporote mwa mchimi Yesaya kuti, ‘Luta ku ŵanthu yaŵa ndipu ukaŵakambiyi kuti: “Mwazamukuvwa kweni mwazamuvwisa cha, mwazamuwona kweni mwazamuwonesesa cha. Chifukwa mitima ya ŵanthu yaŵa, yanonopa.”’” (Machi. 28:25b-27) Mazu ngakwambiriya ngo ngakufwatulika kuti ‘kunonopa’ ngang’anamuwanga mtima wo waja “ukhomi” pamwenga wo we ndi “mafuta nganandi,” vo vachitiskanga kuti uthenga wa Ufumu uleki kusere. (Machi. 28:27) Venivi vakofya ukongwa!
17 Pakumaliya Paulo wangukamba kuti mwakupambana ndi Ayuda, “ŵanthu amitundu yinyaki . . . avwisiyengi.” (Machi. 28:28; Salimo 67:2; Yesa. 11:10) Yapa wakutumika uyu wakayikiyanga cha chifukwa wangujiwone yija ndi masu ngaki mo ŵanthu anandi amitundu yinyaki avwisiyanga uthenga wa Ufumu!—Machi. 13:48; 14:27.
18 Mwakuyanana ndi Paulo, tingaguŵanga cha asani ŵanthu akana uthenga wamampha. Kuluska vosi, tiziŵa kuti mbanthu amanavi wo asaniyengi msewu wakulongozge ku umoyu. (Mate. 7:13, 14) Asani ŵanthu a mtima wamampha ayamba kusopa kwauneneska, tikhumbika kukondwa kweniso kuŵalondere ndi mtima wosi.—Luka 15:7.
“Waŵapharazgiyanga Ufumu Waku Chiuta” (Machitidu 28:30, 31)
19. Kumbi Paulo wangugwiriskiya wuli ntchitu nyengu yaki pa nyengu yo wachitanga ukayidi ku Roma?
19 Luka wangumaliza nkhani yaki yakukwaskana ndi Paulo ndi mazu ngamampha ukongwa ngakuti: “[Paulo] wanguja kweniko kwa vyaka viŵi vamphumphu munyumba yo wajilipiriyanga yija, ndipu wosi wo azanga kwaku iyu waŵalondiyanga umampha. Iyu waŵapharazgiyanga Ufumu waku Chiuta ndipuso wasambizanga vakukwaskana ndi Ambuya Yesu Khristu. Wachitanga ivi ndi wanangwa ukulu wakulongoro kwambula chakutondekesa chechosi.” (Machi. 28:30, 31) Kukamba uneneska, Paulo ntchakuwoniyapu chamampha ukongwa pa nkhani yakulonde alendu, chivwanu kweniso phamphu!
20, 21. Kumbi mbanthu anyaki naŵa wo anguwovyeka ndi uteŵeti waku Paulo ku Roma?
20 Yumoza mwa ŵanthu wo Paulo wanguŵalonde ndi Onesimo. Iyu wenga kapolu ndipu wanguthaŵa ku Kolose. Paulo wanguwovya Onesimo kuti waje Mkhristu ndipu Onesimo wanguja nadi ‘mubali waki wakugomezgeka kweniso wakwanjiwa.’ Paulo wangukamba vakukwaskana ndi iyu kuti “mwana wangu Onesimo, yo ndinguja wisi.” (Ako. 4:9; Fili. 10-12) Vo Onesimo wanguchita vingumuchiska ukongwa Paulo! a
21 Chakuwoniyapu chaku Paulo chinguŵawovya so ukongwa ŵanthu anyaki. Iyu wangulembe Afilipi kuti: “Vo vandichitikiya vawovya kuti uthenga wamampha uluti panthazi, mwakuti kumangika kwangu chifukwa chaku Khristu, kwaziŵika umampha pakati pa asilikali wosi wo avikiliya fumu kweniso ŵanthu anyaki wosi. Sonu abali anandi mwa Ambuya aja ndi chiganga chifukwa cha kumangika kwangu, ndipu alutirizga kulongo chiganga pakulongoro mazu ngaku Chiuta mwambula mantha.”—Afi. 1:12-14.
22. Kumbi Paulo wanguyigwiriskiya wuli ntchitu nyengu yaki po wenga pa ukayidi wapanyumba ku Roma?
22 Paulo wangugwirisiya ntchitu nyengu yo wenga pa ukayidi wapanyumba ku Roma kulemba makalata ngo sonu ntchigaŵa cha Malemba nga Chigiriki nga Chikhristu. b Makalata ngenanga ngaŵawovyanga ukongwa Akhristu a mu nyengu ya akutumika. Nasi tingayanduwa ukongwa ndi makalata ngo Paulo wangulemba chifukwa ulongozgi waki ngwakovya ukongwa mazuŵa nganu nge mo venge pa nyengu yo walembekiyanga.—2 Timo. 3:16, 17.
23, 24. Mwakuyanana ndi Paulo, kumbi mazuŵa nganu Akhristu alongo wuli kuti alutirizga kukondwa kweniso kupharazga chinanga kuti aŵikika mujeri?
23 Pa nyengu yo wangufwatulikiya yo yikuzumbulika cha mubuku la Machitidu Paulo wanguja pa ukayidi wapanyumba kwa vyaka vinayi, vyaka viŵi wanguja pa ukayidi ku Kayisareya ndipuso vyaka viŵi wanguja pa ukayidi ku Roma. c (Machi. 23:35; 24:27) Kweni iyu wangulutirizga kukondwa kweniso kuteŵete Chiuta mwaphamphu. Mwakuyanana waka, ateŵeti aku Yehova anandi mazuŵa nganu alutirizga kukondwa kweniso kupharazga chinanga kuti aŵikika mujeri chifukwa cha vo agomezga. Ŵanaŵaniyani vo vinguchitikiya Adolfo yo wanguŵikika mujeri ku Spain chifukwa chakuleka kuseleriyamu mundali. Msilikali munyaki wangukambiya Adolfo kuti: “Tizizwa nawi ukongwa. Tayesesa kuti uwuvwi kuŵaŵa umoyu wakujeri kweni po tichita venivi ndipu yiwi umwemwete kweniso ulongoro nasi mwaulemu.”
24 Mukuluta kwa nyengu, Adolfo amugomezganga ukongwa asilikali mwakuti kanandi kachipinda ko angumuŵikamu kajanga kakujula. Asilikali azanga kwaku iyu ndipu amufumbanga nkhani za mu Bayibolu. Yumoza mwa asilikali waserenga mukachipinda ko mwajanga Adolfo kuchiŵerenga Bayibolu ndipu Adolfo wajanga masu kuleresa asilikali anyaki kuti angamuwona. Yapa tingakamba kuti “mukayidi” ndiyu wavikiliyanga msilikali! Vakuwoniyapu vamampha va Akaboni akugomezgeka ŵenaŵa vitiwovyi kuti tilongongi “chiganga pakulongoro mazu ngaku Chiuta mwambula mantha,” chinanga ndi po vinthu vasuzga ukongwa.
25, 26. Kumbi ndi uchimi wakuziziswa nuwu wo Paulo wanguwona kuti wafiskika pechendajumphi vyaka 30, nanga venivi viyanana wuli ndi vo vichitika mazuŵa nganu?
25 Buku lakukondwesa la Machitidu limaliza ndi fundu yakuchiska ukongwa yakuti wakutumika waku Khristu mwenuyu wangulutirizga ‘kupharazga Ufumu waku Chiuta’ ku ŵanthu wosi wo azanga kuzimuwona pa nyengu yo wachitanga ukayidi wapanyumba! Muchaputala chakwamba cha buku la Machitidu, tiŵerenga vakukwaskana ndi ntchitu yo Yesu wangupaska akusambira ŵaki. Iyu wangukamba kuti: “Mwazamulonde nthazi po mzimu wakupaturika wazamukuza paku yimwi ndipu mwazamuja akaboni ŵangu mu Yerusalemu, mu Yudeya mosi ndi mu Samariya mpaka kuvigaŵa vakutali ukongwa va charu chapasi.” (Machi. 1:8) Mwaviyo, vyaka 30 vechendakwani kutuliya pa nyengu yeniyi, uthenga wa Ufumu “ungupharazgika ku chakulengeka chechosi pacharu chapasi.” d (Ako. 1:23) Wenuwu mbukaboni wakuti mzimu waku Chiuta ngwanthazi ukongwa!—Zeka. 4:6.
26 Mazuŵa nganu, mzimu wanthazi wenuwu utovya abali aku Khristu wo ŵeche pacharu chapasi limoza ndi anyawu a “mbereri zinyaki,” kuti alutirizgi ‘kupereka mwakukwana ukaboni wakukwaskana ndi Ufumu waku Chiuta’ muvyaru vakujumpha 240! (Yoha. 10:16; Machi. 28:23) Kumbi yimwi mugwiraku mwakukwana ntchitu yeniyi?
a Paulo wakhumbanga kuja nayu mbwenu Onesimo kweni venivi vatingi viphwanyengi dangu la Aroma kweniso kwatingi kuŵengi kumuphwanyiya wanangwa Filimoni yo wenga Mkhristu kweniso mbuyaki waku Onesimo. Mwaviyo, Onesimo wanguwere kwaku Filimoni ndipu wangupinga kalata yo Paulo wangulembe Filimoni yakumuchiska kuti wamulonde umampha Filimoni nge kapolu waki kweniso nge mubali waki mwauzimu.—Fili. 13-19.
b Wonani bokosi lakuti, “ Makalata 5 ngo Paulo Wangulemba pa Ukayidi Wakwamba ku Roma,” papeji 212.
c Wonani bokosi lakuti, “ Vo Paulo Wangukumana Navu Pavuli pa Chaka cha 61 C.E.,” papeji 214.
d Wonani bokosi lakuti, “ Uthenga Wamampha ‘Ungupharazgika ku Chakulengeka Chechosi.’”