Cisi Ca Gilisi Aca Roma Zyayunga Ba Juda

IKUKOMENA kwabweendelezi ibwakazikuba Bulelo bwa Gilisi kwakatalikila mumalundu aa Makedoniya. Kubusena oobo, kajisi myaka yiinda-yinda buyo kuma 20, Alesandro wakatalika kuyeeya kuzunda cooko cakujwe. Mumwaka wa 334 B.C.E., wakasololela mpi yakwe mutala lya Hellespont (Dardanelles), icooko caandaanya Europe a Asia. Kabali mbuli “siluwe” uubalika kapati, iba Giliki mubweendelezi bwa Alesandro bakatalika kuzunda cakufwambaana mumasena manji. (Da 7:6) Alesandro wakabazunda bana Persia munsi aamunzi wa Troy, mumabanda aa Mulonga wa Granicus, eelyo wakabamaninizya kubazunda kumunzi wa Issus.

Iba Giliki bakasaala Aramu alimwi a Foinike, ooko nkobakazunda akunyonyoona munzi wa Turo nokwakainda myezi iili ciloba yakuulwisya. (Ek 26:4, 12) Naakaleka kunyonyoona Jerusalemu, Alesandro wakazunda munzi wa Gaza. (Zk 9:5) Naakasika ku Egepita, wakayaka munzi wa Alesandriya, ooyo iwakaba busena bucitilwa makwebo alimwi awazikolo ziyiisyilwa lwiiyo lwaatala. Naakaikosola alimwi Nyika Yakasyomezyegwa, wakabazunda alimwi cakumaninina bana Persia ku Gaugamela, munsi aamatongo aamunzi wa Nineve.

Alesandro wakagama kumusanza kuyoolwisya Babuloni, Susa alimwi a Persepolis—iminzi mipati mubweendelezi yaku Persia. Mpoonya cakufwambaana wakainda mucooko cakali kweendelezyegwaa Persia, wasika ku Mulonga wa Indus ooko sunu ikuli nkuucisi ca Pakistan. Mumyaka iili buyo lusele, Alesandro wakazunda ibunji bwamasi aakajisi bantu ngaakazyi ciindi eeco. Pele mu 323 B.C.E., naakajisi myaka yakuzyalwa iili 32, wakafwa kubulwazi bwantuntumaanzi ku Babuloni.—Da 8:8.

 Ikuyunga kwabana Gilisi nkobakacita mu Nyika Yakasyomezyegwa kwakabeleka kapati. Bamwi ibakali basikalumamba ba Alesandro bakakkala mubusena oobo. Kuzikusika mumwaanda wamyaka wakusaanguna, kwakali minzi yabana Giliki yakali mucooko comwe mwakali kwaambaulwa Cigiliki (nkokuti Dekapole). (Mt 4:25; Mk 7:31) Imagwalo aa Cihebrayo akaliko mu Cigiliki. Imwaambo wa Cigiliki uutegwa Koine (nkokuti Cigiliki cakazyibidwe abantu banji) wakaba ngoubelesyegwa mumasi oonse ikumwaya njiisyo zya Bunakristo.

Bulelo bwa Roma

Ino ncinzi cakali kucitika kumbo? Roma—musyule iwakali buyo cibaka caminzi iili mbwiibede ku Mulonga wa Tiber—wakatalika kubaa mpuwo. Muciindi, ibusikalumamba alimwi abweendelezi bubotu ibwa Bulelo bwa Roma bwakapa kuti bucikonzye ikuzizunda cakufwambaana izyooko zyakali kweendelezyegwaa basikalumamba ba Alesandro bone. Kuzikusika mu 30 B.C.E., Ibulelo bwa Roma mbobwakazibidwe kuti bwakali kweendelezya, ikulibonya kwamatalikilo ‘kwacinyama ciyoosya’ ncaakabona Daniele mucilengaano.—Da 7:7.

Ibulelo bwa Roma bwakakomena kuzwa ku Britain kusikila ku Afulika nkoili Kunyika, akuzwa ku Lwaanje lwa Atlantic kusikila ku Kankolola ka Persia. Akaambo kakuti ibulelo oobu bwakazinguluka Lwizi lwa Mediterranean, ibana Roma bakabwiita kuti Mare Nostrum (nkokuti Lwizi Lwesu).

Alimwi Roma wakayunga ba Juda, ibakajisi nyika yakali cibeela ca Bulelo bwa Roma. (Mt 8:5-13; Ic 10:1, 2) Jesu wakabbapatizyigwa alimwi akufwa kuciindi cabweendelezi bwa Mwami Tiberiyo. Ibeendelezi bana Roma bamwi bakabapenzya calunya kapati Banakristo pele kunyina nobakacikonzya kuzimaazya bukombi bwakasimpe. Nokwakainda myaka iili 1,300, ibulelo oobo bwakalwanwa amisyobo yacisi ca Germany kunyika, alimwi abasikufwumpa basikweenda buyo ibanyina munzi kujwe.

[Maapu iili apeeji 26]

(Kutegwa mubone bwini mbwaakkede mabala, amubone bbuku lini)

[Caption on page 26]

Bulelo bwa Gilisi

Naakafwa Alesandro, basikalumamba bakwe bone mbibakatalika kweendelezya bulelo oobo bupati

▪ Cassander

▫ Lysimachus

○ Ptolemy I

• Seleucus I

A2 ▪ GILISI

A2 ▪ Atene

A2 ▪ AKAYA

A3 ○ Kurene

A3 ○ LIBIYA

B2 ▫ Byzantium

B3 ○ KUPRO

B4 ○ No-amoni (Thebes)

C3 Palmyra (Tadimori)

C3 ○ Gerasa

C3 ○ Filadelfia

C3 ○ Jerusalemu

C5 ○ Sevene

52 • Alesandriya Margiana

Nzila njaakabelesya Alesandro

A2 ▪ MAKEDONIYA

A2 ▪ Pella

A2 ▫ THRACE

B2 ▫ Troy

B2 ▫ Sarde

B2 ▫ Efeso

B2 ▫ Gordium

C2 ▫ Ankara

C3 • Tarso

C3 • Issus

C3 • Antiokeya (yaku Aramu)

C3 ○ Turo

C4 ○ Gaza

B4 ○ EGEPITA

B4 ○ Mofi

B4 ○ Alesandriya

A4 ○ Kasensa ka Siwa

B4 ○ Mofi

C4 ○ Gaza

C3 ○ Turo

C3 ○ Damasko

C3 • Aleppo

D3 • Nisibis

D3 • Gaugamela

D3 • Babuloni

E3 • Susa

E4 • PERSIA

E4 • Persepolis

E4 • Pasargadae

E3 • MEDIYA

E3 • Akimeta

E3 • Rhagae

E3 • Hecatompylos

F3 • PARTHIA

G3 • ARIA

G3 • Alesandriya Areion

G3 • Alesandriya Prophthasia

G4 • DRANGIANA

G4 • ARACHOSIA

G4 • Alesandriya Arachosiorum

H3 • Kabul

G3 • Drapsaca

H3 • Alesandriya Oxiana

G3 • Drapsaca

G3 • BACTRIA

G3 • Bactra

G2 • Derbent

G2 • SOGDIANA

G2 • Maracanda

G2 • Bukhara

G2 • Maracanda

H2 • Alesandriya Eschate

G2 • Maracanda

G2 • Derbent

G3 • Bactra

G3 • BACTRIA

G3 • Drapsaca

H3 • Kabul

H3 • Taxila

H5 • INDIA

H4 • Alesandriya

G4 • GEDROSIA

F4 • Pura

E4 • PERSIA

F4 • Alesandriya

F4 • CARMANIA

E4 • Persepolis

E4 • Pasargadae

E3 • Susa

D3 • Babuloni

[Masena aamwi]

A3 KRETE

D4 ARABIYA

[Zizyiba zyamaanzi]

B3 Lwizi lwa Mediterranean

C5 Lwizi Lusalala

E4 Kankolola ka Persia

G5 Lwizi lwa Arabiya

[Milonga]

B4 Nile

D3 Firate

D3 Tigrisi

G4 Indus

[Maapu iili apeeji 27]

(Kutegwa mubone bwini mbwaakkede mabala, amubone bbuku lini)

Bulelo bwa Roma

A1 BRITAIN

A3 SPANYA

B1 GERMANIA

B2 GAUL

B2 ITALIYA

B2 Roma

B3 Carthage

C2 ILIRIKO

C3 GILISI

C3 Actium

C3 Kurene

D2 Byzantium (Constantinople)

D3 ASIA MINOR

D3 Efeso

D3 Aleppo

D3 Antiokeya (yaku Aramu)

D3 Damasko

D3 Gerasa (Jarash)

D3 Jerusalemu

D3 Alesandriya

D4 EGEPITA

[Zizyiba zyamaanzi]

A2 Lwaanje lwa Atlantic

C3 Lwizi lwa Mediterranean

D2 Lwizi Lusiya

D4 Lwizi Lusalala

[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 27]

Naakamana kuyakulula munzi wa Raba, Ptolemy Wabili wakawuulika kuti Filadelfia. Imatongo aabbuwa lyakusobanina lyaba Roma nkwaacili asunu.

[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 27]

Munzi waku Dekapole iwa Gerasa (Jarash)

[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 27]

Imigwagwa ya Roma, mbuli wooyu uuli munsi aa Aleppo, yakali kusika ku Europe, Afulika nkoili Kunyika alimwi aku Middle East. Eeyi migwagwa njobakali kubelesya Banakristo ikumwaya kasimpe kamu Bbaibbele