Sena Abrahamu Wakalivwubide Ncobeni Nkamela?

IBBAIBBELE lyaamba kuti: Inkamela zyakali akati kabanyama bavwubwa mbaakatambula Abrahamu kuzwa kuli Farao. (Matl. 12:16) Mubelesi wa Abrahamu naakaunka ku Mesopotamiya, “wakatolelela ikumi lyankamele zyasimalelaakwe.” Aboobo, Bbaibbele lyaamba kuti Abrahamu wakalivwubide nkamela myaka iitandila ku 4,000 yainda.—Matl. 24:10.

Bamwi tabacizumini eeci. Ibbuku lya New International Version Archaeological Study Bible lyaamba kuti: “Basikwiiya zyamu Bbaibbele baamba kuti makani aankamela taaluzi pe, nkaambo kakuti banyama aaba bakatalika kuvwubwa mumyaka yamuma 1200 B.C., Abrahamu kafwide kale.” Makani aali mu Bbaibbele  aamba zyankamela alakonzya kubonwa kuti taali amasimpe akaambo kakuti nkamela tiizyakali kubelesyegwa munzila eeyo naakali kulembwa mabbuku aakusaanguna aamu Bbaibbele.

Bamwi basikwiiya zyamu Bbaibbele balakazya kuti nokuba kuti kuvwuba nkamela kwakali kuyandika kapati kumamanino aamyaka iili 4,000 yainda, eeci tacaambi kuti tiizyakali kubelesyegwa nkamela kacitanasika ciindi eeco. Ibbuku lya Civilizations of the Ancient Near East lyakaamba kuti: “Kuvwuntauzya kwakacitika ino-ino kutondezya kuti kuvwuba nkamela kwakali kucitika kumusanza lwaajwe ku Arabia mumyaka iinda ku 4,000 yainda. Kumatalikilo bakali kuzivwubila mukupa, boya, cipaya anyama, pele kwakainda buyo ciindi cisyoonto bakatalika kuzyibelesya kunyamuna zyintu.” Aaya makani aakaambwa katanazyalwa Abrahamu ngamasimpe, akaambo kamafwuwa ngobakajana alimwi azyintu zimwi nzyobakazikkula.

Alimwi kuli bumboni bulembedwe. Ibbuku ndimunya eeli lyaamba kuti: “Ku Mesopotamiya kwakali bbwe lya cuneiform aakalembedwe munyama ooyu [nkamela] alimwi amajwi aakali kwaamba munyama ooyu, icitondezya kuti kweelede kuti munyama ooyu wakaliko ku Mesopotamiya kumatalikilo amyaka iili 4,000 yainda,” nkokuti ciindi ncaakali kupona Abrahamu.

Basikwiiya zyamu Bbaibbele bamwi basyoma kuti basambazi baku South Arabia ibakali kusambala tununkilizyo, bakali kubelesya nkamela kunyamuna zyintu nzyobakali kusambala kwiinda munkanda kabagamide kunyika kuya kuzisi mbuli Egypt a Syria kwalo nkobakaakutalisya buvwubi bwa nkamela. Ndiza makwebo aaya akatalikide kale kucitwa nomuba mu 2000 B.C.E. Cikkomanisya ncakuti, Matalikilo 37:25-28 yaamba zya basambazi ba Isamayeli ibakali kubelesya nkamela kunyamuna tununkilizyo kutola ku Egypt myaka iili 100 Abrahamu kafwide kale.

Ambweni nkamela tiizyakali kubelesyegwa kapati ku Middle East kaindi myaka iinda ku 4,000 yainda, pele bumboni bulasinizya kuti tiizyakazyibidwe kabotu. Aboobo, ibbuku litegwa The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia lyaamba kuti: “Kwaambwa kwa nkamela mumakani akaindi takuciyandiki kubonwa kuti makani aataluzi, nkaambo kuli bumboni buzulide bwazyintu zyakazikkulwa zitondezya kuti nkamela zyakali kuvwubwa ciindi basinsiku kabatanapona.”