‘Eeci Ciyoomubeda Ciibalusyo’

“Buzuba obuno buyoomubeda ciibalusyo. Buyoomubeda ipobwe lya-Jehova.”—KUL. 12:14.

SENA INGA MWAPANDULULA?

Ncinzi ncobakeelede kucita bana Israyeli mu Egepita kutegwa balibambile alimwi basekelele Pobwe Lyakwiindilila?

Ndilili Jesu alimwi abaapostolo bakwe nobakacita Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyamamanino, alimwi ncinzi cakacitika buzuba mbubwenya oobo?

Nziiyo nzi iziyandika kapati nzyotukonzya kwiiya kuzwa kuzibalo zili muzyaandaano 12-15 zyabbuku lya Kulonga?

1, 2. Nkwiibaluka nzi nkobeelede kubikkila maano Banakristo boonse, alimwi nkaambo nzi?

CIINDI nomuyeeya kujatikizya kwiibaluka zyintu zimwi zyakacitika kaindi, mbuzuba nzi buboola mumizeezo yanu? Muntu uukwete naa uukwetwe inga waamba kuti “buzuba nondakakwata naa kukwatwa.” Bantu bamwi inga baamba buzuba bantu banji mbobasekelela, mbuli buzuba cisi cabo nocakalilela. Pele sena kuli cintu cimwi cakacitika kaindi ncomuzyi bantu ncobali kwiibaluka kwamyaka iinda ku 3,500?

² Nkocili cintu cili boobo—Pobwe Lyakwiindilila. Bwakali buzuba bana Israyeli nobakaangununwa kuzwa mubuzike mu Egepita. Izyakacitika aciindi eeco mweelede kuzibikkila maano kapati. Ino nkaambo nzi? Nkaambo zijatikizya zyintu ziyandika kapati mubuumi bwanu. Nokuba boobo, mulakonzya kwaamba kuti, ‘nokuba kuti ba Juda balasekelela Pobwe Lyakwiindilila, mebo tandili mu Juda. Nkaambo nzi ncondeelede kubikkila maano kukwiibaluka buzuba oobu?’ Bwiinguzi inga bwajanika mukaambo aaka ikayandika kapati: “Kilisito, ipobwe lyesu lyakwiindilila wakapaizyigwa kale.” (1 Ko. 5:7) Kutegwa tumvwisye mbokayandika kasimpe aaka, tweelede kulizyiba Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyaba Juda akubona mbolyeendelana amulawo wakapegwa ku Banakristo boonse.

NKAAMBO NZI POBWE LYAKWIINDILILA NCOLYAKALI KUCITWA?

3, 4. Nzyintu nzi zyakacitika Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyakusaanguna kalitanacitika?

³ Mamiliyoni manji aabantu nyika yoonse mboizulwa ibatali ba Juda balijisi luzyibo lumwi lwazyintu zyakacitika kujatikizya Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyakusaanguna. Bantu bamwi ambweni bakabala kujatikizya pobwe eeli mu Bbaibbele mubbuku lya Kulonga, bakamvwa bamwi kabaluula makani aaya, naa bakeebelela filimu iijatikizya pobwe eeli.

⁴ Ciindi bana Israyeli nobakali bazike mu Egepita kwamyaka minji, Jehova wakatuma Musa amwanookwabo, Aroni, kuti baunke kuli Farao akumulomba kuti abaangunune bana Israyeli. Mwami wa Egepita ooyo iwakali kulisumpula taakwe naakali kuyanda kubalekela bana Israyeli kuti  baunke, aboobo Jehova wakabaletela zipenzyo bantu bamucisi eeci. Mpoonya, Leza wakatuma cipenzyo cakkumi, kujaigwa kwabana bataanzi kuzyalwa, calo cakapa kuti Farao abazumizye kuunka.—Kul. 1:11; 3:9, 10; 5:1, 2; 11:1, 5.

5. Ncinzi ncobakeelede kucita bana Israyeli kulibambila kwaangununwa? (Amubone cifwanikiso icili kumatalikilo aacibalo.)

⁵ Pele ino ncinzi ncobakeelede kucita bana Israyeli kabatanaangununwa? Mwakali mu March 21/22 mumwaka wa 1513 B.C.E., mumwezi wa Abibi mu Chihebrayo, iwakazikwiitwa kuti Nisani. * Leza wakaamba kuti mubuzuba bwakkumi bwamwezi ooyo, bana Israyeli bakeelede kutalika kulibambila kucita zyintu zimwi mubuzuba bwa Nisani 14. Buzuba oobo bwakatalika nolyakabbila zuba nkaambo mazuba aa Chihebrayo atalika nolyabbila zuba kusikila buzuba butobela nolyabbila zuba. Mubuzuba bwa Nisani 14, mukwasyi umwi aumwi wakeelede kujaya kabelele kagutu (naa kapongo) akuzila bulowa aminsende alimwi aacikunguzyo caŋanda. (Kul. 12:3-7, 22, 23) Mukwasyi wakeelede kulya nyama yamwanaambelele iiyokedwe antoomwe amikamu iitakwe bumena azisyu zilula. Mungelo wa Leza wakali kuyakwiindilila munyika yakakkede bana Israyeli akujaya bana bataanzi kuzyalwa babana Egepita, pele bana Israyeli bamvwida bakali kuyakukwabililwa, mpoonya bakali kuyakwaangununwa.—Kul. 12:8-13, 29-32.

6. Ino bantu ba Leza kumbele bakeelede kulibona buti Pobwe Lyakwiindilila?

⁶ Eeci ncicakacitika, alimwi myaka yakatobela bana Israyeli bakali kuyakwiibaluka kwaangununwa kwabo. Leza wakabaambila kuti: “Buzuba obuno buyoomubeda ciibalusyo. Buyoomubeda ipobwe lya-Jehova. Muyoobulemeka, bube ipobwe mumazyalani aanu oonse mane kukabe kutamani.” Kusekelela ikwakali kucitwa mubuzuba bwa 14 kwakeelede kutobelwa apobwe lyamazuba aali ciloba. Buzuba bwa 14 bwakali buzuba bwini bwa Pobwe Lyakwiindilila, pesi zyina lyakuti Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyakali kukonzya kubelesyegwa kumazuba oonse aali lusele aapobwe. (Kul. 12:14-17; Lk. 22:1; Joh. 18:28; 19:14) Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyakali akati kamapobwe aakeelede kwiibalukwa, bana Hebrayo ndyobakeelede kusekelela mwaka amwaka.—2 Mak. 8:13

7. Ncinzi Jesu ncaakatalisya nobakacita Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyamamanino?

⁷ Mbwaanga bakali ba Juda ibakali kweendelezyegwa a Mulawo wa Musa, Jesu abaapostolo bakwe abalo bakali kutola lubazu mukusekelela Pobwe Lyakwiindilila. (Mt. 26:17-19) Ciindi camamanino Jesu naakasekelela pobwe eeli, wakatalisya pobwe lipya ndyobakeelede kunakutobela mwaka amwaka—Mulalilo wa Mwami. Pele ino mbuzuba nzi nobakeelede kunakucita pobwe eeli?

INO NDILILI NOWEELEDE KUCITWA MULALILO WA MWAMI?

8. Ciindi notulanga-langa Pobwe Lyakwiindilila alimwi a Mulalilo wa Mwami, ino mibuzyo nzi iikonzya kubuzyigwa?

⁸ Akaambo kakuti Jesu wakatalisya Mulalilo wa Mwami mbwaakamanina buyo kucita Pobwe Lyakwiindilila, pobwe eeli lipya lyakeelede kucitwa mubuzuba bwa Pobwe Lyakwiindilila. Ambweni mwakabona kale kuti buzuba bwa Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyaci Juda ilitondezyegwa amakkalenda aamazuba aano inga lyaindana abuzuba bomwe naa amazuba aali mbwaabede kuzwa mubuzuba notwiibaluka lufwu lwa Kristo. Nkaambo nzi ncokuli kwiindana ooku? Bwiinguzi bulabikkilizya amulawo wa Leza kubana Israyeli. Naakamana kwaamba kuti “bantu boonse bambungano ya-Israyeli baleelede kujaya” kabelele, Musa wakacaamba cacigaminina ciindi nobakeelede kucita oobo mubuzuba bwa Nisani 14.—Amubale Kulonga 12:5, 6.

9. Kweelana a Kulonga 12:6, ndilili kabelele ka Pobwe Lyakwiindilila nokakeelede kujaigwa? (Amubone alimwi kabbokesi kakuti “Ino Cakali Ciindi Nzi?”)

⁹ Kweelana alugwalo lwa Kulonga 12:6 kabelele kakeelede kujaigwa “kumangolezya.” (BT) Busanduluzi bumwi bwama Bbaibbele kubikkilizya a Jewish Tanakh bwaamba kuti “nolyabbila zuba.” Busanduluzi bumwi  bwaamba kuti “ciindi cagoko.” Aboobo, kabelele kakeelede kujaigwa nolyabbila zuba, pele mumuni kaucilibonya, kumatalikilo aabuzuba bwa Nisani 14.

10. Kweelana ambobaamba bamwi, ino kabelele kakali kujaigwa lili, pele mubuzyo nzi uubuzyigwa?

¹⁰ Mukuya kwaciindi, ba Juda bamwi bakayeeya kuti kweelede kuti cakali kutola ciindi cilamfwu kujaya tubelele toonse twakali kuletwa kutempele. Aboobo, lugwalo lwa Kulonga 12:6 bakalumvwisya kuti lwakali kwaamba mamanino aabuzuba bwa Nisani 14, kutalikila ciindi zuba nolyatalika kusendeka (kumazuba), kusikila kumamanino aabuzuba, nolyabbila zuba. Ikuti oobo mbocakabede, ino cakulya cakali kuligwa lili? Syaazibwene mumakani aaci Juda cakaindi uutegwa Jonathan Klawans, wakaamba kuti: “Buzuba bwakali kutalika kumazuba lyabbila zuba, aboobo cipaizyo cakali kupegwa mubuzuba bwa 14 pele Pobwe Lyakwiindilila alimwi cakulya cakali kuligwa mubuzuba bwa 15, nokuba boobo bupanduluzi oobu bwamazuba tabwaambidwe cacigaminina mubbuku lya Kulonga.” Alimwi wakalemba kuti: “Mabbuku aaci Juda . . . taatwaambili mbolyakali kucitwa Seder [Pobwe Lyakwiindilila] kalitananyonyoonwa Tempele” mu 70 C.E.—Ndiswe twaasendeka mabala.

11. (a) Nzyintu nzi zyakamucitikila Jesu mubuzuba bwa Pobwe Lyakwiindilila mu 33 C.E.? (b) Nkaambo nzi buzuba bwa Nisani 15 mu 33 C.E. ncobwakaitwa kuti Sabata ‘mpati’? (Amubone majwi aamunsi.)

¹¹ Aboobo tulakonzya kubuzya kuti, Mbuti kujatikizya Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyamu 33 C.E.? Mu Nisani 13, nobwakali kuyaabuswena buzuba ‘cipaizyo ca Pobwe Lyakwiindilila nocakeelede kupaizyigwa,’ Kristo wakaambila Petro a Johane kuti: “Kamuya mukatubambile Pobwe lya Kwiindilila kutegwa tuzyoolye.” (Lk. 22:7, 8) ‘Ciindi cakasika’ ca Pobwe Lyakwiindilila nolyakabbila zuba mu Nisani 14, muli Bwane kumangolezya. Jesu wakalya cakulya eeco antoomwe abaapostolo bakwe, mpoonya wakatalisya Mulalilo wa Mwami. (Lk. 22:14, 15) Busiku oobo wakaangwa akubetekwa. Jesu wakagagailwa nocakalondelela ciindi camasyikati mu Nisani 14, mpoonya kumazuba wakafwa. (Joh. 19:14) Aboobo, “Kilisito, ipobwe lyesu lyakwiindilila wakapaizyigwa” mubuzuba mbubwenya mwanaambele wa Pobwe Lyakwiindilila naakajaigwa. (1 Ko. 5:7; 11:23; Mt. 26:2) Naakali kuyaabuswena mamanino aabuzuba oobo bwaci Juda, Jesu wakazikkwa—kabutanasika buzuba bwa Nisani 15. *—Lev. 23:5-7; Lk. 23:54.

CIIBALUSYO ICIJISI MPINDU KULINDINYWE

12, 13. Ino bana baci Juda bakajatikizyidwe buti mukusekelela Pobwe Lyakwiindilila?

¹² Atupiluke kucintu cakacitika mu Egepita. Musa wakaamba kuti kumbele, bantu ba  Leza bakali kuyakubamba Pobwe Lyakwiindilila, wakali kuyakuba mulawo” “walyoonse” ngobakeelede kutobela. Mbwaanga abalo bana bakaleelede kujanika kububambe oobu bwamwaka amwaka, bakali kukonzya kubuzya bazyali babo mibuzyo iyakali kujatikizya bupanduluzi bwa pobwe eeli. (Amubale Kulonga 12:24-27; Dt. 6:20-23) Aboobo, Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyakali kuyooba abupanduluzi bwa “ciibalusyo” nokuba kubana.—Kul. 12:14.

¹³ Bana nobakali kuyaabukomena, bamausyi bakali kuyakukankaizya ziiyo iziyandika kapati kubana babo. Ciiyo cimwi cakali cakuti Jehova uyakubakwabilila bakombi bakwe. Bana bakazyiba kuti tali leza wakucengeezya, wacikozyanyo buyo. Jehova nkwali ncobeni, ngu Leza uupona uubabikkila maano bantu bakwe alimwi uubalwanina. Wakatondezya kuti mbwabede oobo naakabakwabilila bana bataanzi kuzyalwa babana Israyeli “ciindi eciya naakajaya ba-Egepita.” Wakabafwutula bana bataanzi kuzyalwa.

14. Kwiinda mukubelesya makani aajatikizya Pobwe Lyakwiindilila, ino bazyali Banakristo inga babagwasya kuzyiba nzi bana babo?

¹⁴ Bazyali Banakristo tabainduluki mwaka amwaka kulwiida bana babo ncolipandulula Pobwe Lyakwiindilila. Pele sena mulabayiisya bana banu ciiyo nciconya eeci cakuti Leza ulabakwabilila bantu bakwe? Sena mulabatondezya kuti mulijisi lusyomo lwakuti noliba lino Jehova ulabakwabilila bantu bakwe? (Int. 27:11; Is. 12:2) Alimwi sena mulacita oobo munzila iitasangalizyi naa mulabandika abana banu munzila iikkomanisya? Amusolekesye kucibikkilizya ciiyo eeci kutegwa mukwasyi wanu uyaambele kumuuya.

15, 16. Ino zyaandaano 12-15 zyabbuku lya Kulonga inga zyabelesyegwa kukankaizya nzi kujatikizya Jehova?

¹⁵ Pobwe Lyakwiindilila talituyiisyi buyo nguzu nzyajisi Jehova zyakukwabilila bantu bakwe. Alimwi wakabafwutula, ‘kuzwa mu Egepita.’ Amuciyeeyele buyo ncocakali kubikkilizya eeci. Bakali kusololelwa amusumpululu wajoba awamulilo. Bakeenda anyika njumu ciindi maanzi aa Lwizi Lusalala naakaima mbuli bulambo kululyo alimwi akulumwensi. Nobakazabukila mutala, bakabona maanzi mbwaakabajaya basikalumamba bana Egepita. Mpoonya bana Israyeli ibakafwutulwa bakaimba kuti: “Ndaimbila Jehova, . . . Imbizi asikwiitanta wabawaala boonse mulwizi. Jehova ninguzu zyangu alwiimbo lwangu, waba lufutuko lwangu.”—Kul. 13:14, 21, 22; 15:1, 2; Int. 136:11-15.

¹⁶ Ikuti naa mulijisi bana, sena mulabagwasya kusyoma Jehova kuti Ngomufwutuli? Sena balakonzya kubona kuti mulijisi lusyomo luli boobo ciindi nomubandika alimwi anomusala zyakucita? Mulakonzya kubikkilizya mumibandi yanu ciindi nomucita Kukomba Mumukwasyi nzyotubala mulugwalo lwa Kulonga zyaandaano 12-15 akukankaizya mbwaakabafwutula bantu bakwe Jehova. Ziindi zimwi mulakonzya kupandulula kaambo aaka kwiinda mukubelesya lugwalo lwa Milimo 7:30-36 naa Daniele 3:16-18, 26-28. Inzya, bana alimwi abapati beelede kuba alusyomo lwakuti Jehova taakwe naakali buyo Mufwutuli kaindi. Mbubwenya mbwaakabafwutula bantu bakwe muciindi ca Musa, andiswe uyakutufwutula kumbele.—Amubale 1 Batesalonika 1:9, 10.

 KUTEGWA KATWIIBALUKA

17, 18. Ino kuyeeya mbobwakabelesyegwa bulowa ciindi Pobwe Lyakusaanguna nolyakacitika kweelede kutwiibalusya nzi?

¹⁷ Banakristo bakasimpe tabaibaluki Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyaci Juda. Kwiibaluka ooku kwakali cibeela ca Mulawo wa Musa, pele swebo tatutobeli Mulawo ooyo pe. (Lom. 10:4; Kol. 2:13-16) Muciindi caboobo, tubikkila maano kucintu cimwi, ilufwu lwa Mwana wa Leza. Nokuba boobo, nkozili zyintu izijatikizya kwiibaluka Pobwe Lyakwiindilila izyakatalisyigwa kaindi mu Egepita iziyandika kulindiswe.

¹⁸ Bulowa bwa mwanaambelele ibwakali kuzilwa aminsende aacikunguzyo yakali njenzila yakabelesyegwa kufwutula bantu. Mazubaano, tatutuulili Leza zipaizyo zyabanyama—tatuciti oobo buzuba bwa Pobwe Lyakwiindilila naa buzuba buli boonse. Nokuba boobo, kuli cipaizyo cibotu kwiinda icikonzya kufwutula bantu mane kukabe kutamani. Mwaapostolo Paulo wakalemba kujatikizya ‘mbungano yabataanzi kuzyalwa ibalembedwe kujulu.’ Nzila iibelesyegwa kufwutula Banakristo bananike ‘mbulowa bwakasansailwa, Jesu Kristo. (Heb. 12:23, 24) Bulangizi bwakufwutuka bwa Banakristo ibayakupona anyika buyeeme abulowa mbubwenya oobo. Lyoonse beelede kuliyeezya kujatikizya cisyomezyo eeci: “Kwiinda mulinguwe twakaangununwa acinunuzyo cabulowa bwayooyo, inzya, ikulekelelwa kwamilandu yesu, akaambo kaluzyalo lwa Leza lunji kapati.”—Ef. 1:7.

19. Ino lusyomo lwesu mubusinsimi luyumizyigwa buti ciindi notulanga mbwaakacitwa mwanaambelele wa Pobwe Lyakwiindilila?

¹⁹ Ciindi mwanaambelele naakajaigwa ciindi ca Pobwe Lyakwiindilila, bana Israyeli tiibakeelede kutyola mafwuwa. (Kul. 12:46; My. 9:11, 12) Mbuti kujatikizya “Mwanaambelele wa Leza” iwakaboola kuti ape cinunuzyo? (Joh. 1:29) Wakagagailwa antoomwe azigwebenga, comwe kulumwensi cimwi kululyo. Ba Juda bakalomba Pilato kuti batyole mafwuwa aabaalumi ibakagagaidwe. Kucita boobu kwakali kukonzya kupa kuti bafwambaane kufwa kutegwa batasiigwi azisamu kusikila mubuzuba bwa Nisani 15, ibuzuba bwa Sabata mpati. Basikalumamba bakatyola maulu aazigwebenga zyobilo zyakagagaidwe, “pele nobakasika aali Jesu, bakabona kuti ulifwide kale, aboobo kunyina nobakaatyola maulu aakwe.” (Joh. 19:31-34) Eeci cakeendelana acakacitwa kumwanaambele ciindi ca Pobwe Lyakwiindilila, aboobo mwanaambelele ooyu wakali “cimvwule” cazyintu izyakali kuboola mubuzuba bwa Nisani 14, 33 C.E. (Heb. 10:1) Kuyungizya waawo, zyintu mbozyakeenda cakapa kuti majwi aalembedwe mulugwalo lwa Intembauzyo 34:20 azuzikizyigwe, calo icipa kuti lusyomo lwesu mubusinsimi luyumizyigwe.

20. Nkwiindana kuli buti kuliko akati ka Pobwe Lyakwiindilila a Mulalilo wa Mwami?

²⁰ Nokuba boobo, kuli kwiindana kuliko akati ka Pobwe Lyakwiindilila alimwi a Mulalilo wa Mwami. Kwiindana ooku kutondezya kuti Pobwe Lyakwiindilila ndyobakali kwiibaluka ba Juda tiilyakali kwiiminina Kristo ncaakaambila basikumutobela kucita mukwiibaluka lufwu lwakwe. Mu Egepita, bana Israyeli bakalya nyama yamwanaambele pele kutali bulowa. Eeci ciliindene a Jesu ncaakalailila basikwiiya bakwe kuti kabacita. Wakaamba kuti aabo ibakali kuyakulela “mu Bwami bwa Leza” beelede kulya cinkwa akunywa waini kazili zitondezyo iziiminina mubili alimwi abulowa bwakwe. Tuyakukalanga-langa kaambo aaka mucibalo citobela.—Mk. 14:22-25.

21. Nkaambo nzi ncocigwasya kwiiya kujatikizya Pobwe Lyakwiindilila?

²¹ Nokuba boobo, tacidoonekwi kuti Pobwe Lyakwiindilila ncintu ciyandika kapati icakacitika icijatikizya Leza mbwaakeendelezya bana Israyeli, alimwi litupa ziiyo zituyiisya toonse. Aboobo, nokuba kuti Pobwe Lyakwiindilila lyakeelede ‘kuba ciibalusyo ku’ ba Juda, ikutali ku Banakristo, swebo mbotuli Banakristo tweelede kulizyiba akubikkila maano kuziiyo zibotu nzyotwiiya nkaambo ncibeela ca ‘Magwalo oonse aakasololelwa a Leza.’—2 Ti. 3:16.

[Bupanduluzi buyungizidwe]

[Mibuzyo yaciiyo]

[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 17]

[Kabbokesi kali apeeji 19]

INO CAKALI CIINDI NZI?

Syaazibwene mumakani aaci Juda Marcus Kalisch (1828-1885) wakalemba kuti: “Muzeezo nguwenya ooyu wakapandululwa kabotu a Ebn Ezra [Mwiiyi waci Juda waku Spain uuzyibidwe kapati, 1092-1167]: ‘Tujisi mangolezya obilo; mangolezya aakusaanguna nkubbila kwazuba . . . alimwi mangolezya aabili nciindi mumuni wazuba nowaleka kulibonya mumakumbi; alimwi akati kamangolezya aaya obilo kulainda ciindi cisika kuwoola lyomwe amaminiti aali 20;’ bupanduluzi oobu bwalo ibuboneka kuti bulalimvwisya kapati, buleendelana abupanduluzi bwatubunga twabukombi tumwi tutali twa Banakristo alimwi abwabana Samariya, alimwi bantu banji balabutobela.” Kaambo aaka kakuti mwanaambelele wakali kujaigwa kumatalikilo aabuzuba bwa Nisani 14 kaleendelana amalailile ngobakapegwa bana Israyeli aalembedwe mulugwalo lwa Deuteronomo 16:6 kuti cipaizyo “ca-Pasika” cakeelede kutuulwa “ciindi camangolezya, ciindi camabbililo aazuba, nkokuti ciindi nemwakazwa mucisi ca-Egepita.”—Kul. 30:8; My. 9:3-5, 11.

[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 20]

Ciindi nomubandika kujatikizya Pobwe Lyakwiindilila, nziiyo nzi nzyomuyakuyiisya bana banu? (Amubone muncali 14)