‘Muzilundu Muyoosya Mukuba’

Kabunga kabasikuvwukkula zyintu bakali kuvwuntauzya mumajeleele alimwi amumampangala aali munkanda yamu Judaya ciindi nobakasika ampangala imwi yakali atala kapati. Sena bakali kuyoojana zyintu zimwi ziyandisi, mbuli mabbuku aakaindi aakazwa mu Lwaanje Lutajisi Buumi? Icakabagambya ncakuti, bakajana zyintu ziyandisi, izyakazikwiitwa kuti Nahal Mishmar.

ZYINTU eezyi zyakalisisidwe mulwaanzi lwampangala alimwi zyakalivwungidwe mumunseme. Eezyi zyintu izyakajanwa mu March 1961, zyakali kubikkilizya azyintu zili 400, bunji bwanzinzyo zyakali zyamukuba. Akati kazyintu eezyi kwakali zyintu zisiyene-siyene mbuli zisoti zyabami, nkoli zyabwami, zibelesyo alimwi azilwanyo zyankondo. Kujanika kwazyintu eezyi kulabakkomanisya basikubala Bbaibbele akaambo kazyintu zilembedwe mulugwalo lwa Matalikilo 4:22 kujatikizya Tubala-Kaini kuti “ngonguwe iwakali kufula zibelesyo zyoonse zyamukuba azyabutale.”

Kuli mibuzyo minji iitanaingulwa kujatikizya nkozyakazwida zyintu eezyi ziyandisi. Nokuba boobo, kujanwa kwazyintu eezyi ncitondezyo cakuti kuzwa kaindi bantu ibakali kukkala mumasena aambwa mu Bbaibbele bakali kusya mukuba, kuunyengulula alimwi akuubelesya kupanga zibelesyo.

MASENA AAKAJISI MUKUBA MUNYIKA YAKASYOMEZYEDWE

Bana Israyeli kabali aafwaafwi kunjila Munyika Yakasyomezyedwe, Musa wakabaambila kuti: ‘Muzilundu muyoosya mukuba.’ (Deuteronomo 8:7-9) Basikuvwukkula zyintu zyakaindi bakajana kuti mu Israyeli amu Jordano kuli masena aakaindi mobakali kusya akunyengulwida mukuba, mbuli ku Feinan, Timna, aku Khirbat en-Nahas. Ino masena aaya ayubununa nzi?

Ku Feinan alimwi aku Timna kuli migoti mifwaafwi mwalo bantu mobakali kusya mukuba kwamyaka iibalilwa ku 2,000. Naaba mazuba aano, aabo baswaya masena aaya balakonzya kujana mabwe aajisi mukuba mumasena aaya. Basikusya mabwe mayandisi bakaindi bakali kubeleka canguzu kuccezula mabwe mapati kutegwa bagwisye mukuba kwiinda mukubelesya zibelesyo zyamabwe. Ikuti naa mukuba wamana aawo mpobakali kusya, bakali kubelesya zibelesyo zyalubulo kusya kuya aansi, kukomezya mpangala alimwi akupanga tuzila twiinda kunsi aanyika. Bbuku lyamu Bbaibbele lya Jobu, lilapandulula mulimo wakusya mukuba mbowakali kucitwa. (Jobu 28:2-11) Ooyu mulimo wakali muyumu kapati, alimwi buya kutalikila mumwaanda wamyaka watatu kusikila mumwaanda wamyaka wasanu C.E., mubweendelezi bwabana Roma, zigwebenga alimwi abaange bamwi bakali kupegwa cisubulo cakubeleka mumigoti yamukuba ku Feinan.

Milwi yalubulo yakali kucaala ilajanika ku Khirbat en-Nahas, (nkokuti “Matongo aa Mukuba”), ikutondezya kuti mulimo wakunyengulula mukuba wakali kucitikila  abusena oobu. Basikuvwuntauzya baamba kuti mabwe mayandisi akali kuletwa kubusena oobu kuzwa kumigoti yakali munsi-munsi mbuli Feinan alimwi a Timna. Kutegwa baandaanye mukuba kuzwa kumabwe, bakali kubelesya mapaipi alimwi azibelesyo zimwi zyakufwulidisya mulilo wamalasya kutegwa uyakisye kusika 1,200°C kwamawoola aali lusele naa kkumi. Kwakali kuyandika kunyengulula mabwe aalema makkilogilamu osanwe kutegwa bacikonzye kujana mukuba uulema kkilogilamu lyomwe, walo iwakali kubelesyegwa kupanga zyintu ziindene-indene.

MBOWAKALI KUBELESYEGWA MUKUBA MU ISRAYELI WANSIKU

Acilundu ca Sinai, Jehova Leza wakapa malailile aacigaminina aakuti lubulo luyandisi oolu lubelesyegwe mukuyaka cikombelo alimwi kumbele tempele lyaku Jerusalemu lyakayakwa munzila njiyonya. (Kulonga, caandaano 27) Kweelede kuti bana Israyeli bakalijisi kale luzyibo lwakubelesya lubulo kabatanaunka ku Egepita, naa ambweni bakayiila nkukwenya ooku. Kusikila ciindi nobakali kulonga, bakalicizyi kupanga moombe wakubumba kubelesya lubulo. Alimwi bakalicizyi kupanga zibelesyo zimwi zyamukuba izyakali kuyandika mumilimo yacikombelo, zibelesyo mbuli mitiba mipati, mipika, mpani, mafwosyolo, alimwi amafwoloko.—Kulonga 32:4.

Nokwakainda ciindi kabali mulweendo lwabo munkanda, nobakasika a Punoni (ambweni bwiitwa kuti Feinan mazuba aano) busena bujisi mukuba kapati, bantu bakatalika kutongooka kujatikizya meenda alimwi amana. Jehova wakabasubula kwiinda mukubatumina nzoka zikali calo cakapa kuti bantu banji bafwe. Nobakeempwa bana Israyeli, Musa wakakombelezya Jehova mpoonya wakalaililwa kupanga nzoka kubelesya mukuba akuyiimika mujulu acisamu. Kujatikizya makani aaya tubala kuti: “Nkabela kufumbwa muntu iwakalumwa inzoka, alanga buyo kunzoka yamukuba, wakapona.”—Myeelwe 21:4-10; 33:43.

MUKUBA WAMWAMI SOLOMONI

Mwami Solomoni wakabelesya mukuba munzila zisiyene-siyene kuyaka tempele ku Jerusalemu. Mukuba munji wakaujana kuli Davida, bausyi, kuzwa kubana Syria ibakazundwa. (1 Makani 18:6-8) ‘Iziba lyamaanzi’ ilyamukuba mobakali kusambila bapaizi, lyakali kubikkwa maanzi aasika kumalita aali 66 ,000 alimwi lyakali kulema mataani aali 30. (1 Bami 7:23-26, 44-46) Kwakali misemu yamukuba mipati yobilo kumanjililo aatempele. Eeyi misemu yakali kulampa mamita aali 8 alimwi yakajisi mitwe iilampa mamita aali 2.2. Misemu eeyi yakajisi mpako zilampa masentimita aali 7.5, mubwamba yakali kulampa mamita aali 1.7. (1 Bami 7:15, 16; 2 Makani 4:17) Eelo kaka cilagambya twayeeya mbowakali munji mukuba iwakabelesyegwa kupanga buyo zyintu eezyi!

Bantu bakaindi alimwi bakali kuubelesya mukuba munzila zinji mubuumi bwabuzuba abuzuba. Mucikozyanyo, tulabala kujatikizya zilwanyo, zibelesyo zyakwiimbya, zyaanzyo, alimwi azijazyo zipangidwe aamukuba. (1 Samuele 17:5, 6; 2 Bami 25:7; 1 Makani 15:19; Intembauzyo 107:16) Jesu wakaamba zyamali ‘aamukuba’ aakali mumpotomona, alimwi awalo mwaapostolo Paulo wakaamba kujatikizya “Alekizanda mufwuzi wamukuba.”—Matayo 10:9; 2 Timoteyo 4:14.

Kuli mibuzyo minji basikuvwukkula zyakaindi alimwi abasyaazibwene mumakani aakaindi njobeelede kwiingula kujatikizya nkozyakazwa zyintu zyakaindi eezyi zyakapangwa kubelesya mukuba, alimwi aciyobwedo citazyibidwe ciitwa kuti Nahal Mishmar. Nokuba boobo, mbubwenya Bbaibbele mbolitondezya, makani aamasimpe ngakuti, nyika njibakakona bana Israyeli yakali ‘nyika mbotu iyakajisi malundu nkobakali kukonzya kusya mukuba.’—Deuteronomo 8:7-9.

[Kulumba]

Photograph © Israel Museum, Jerusalem; courtesy of Israel Antiquities Authority

[Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 13]

Zibeela zinji zyatempele lyamu Jerusalemu zyakapangwa kwiinda mukubelesya mukuba