1. Kasi Yesu wakayiwonanga wuli ntchito yakupharazga?

YESU wakatemwanga chomene kupharazga vya Ufumu wa Chiuta, nakuti ndiwo ukaŵa mutu ukuru wa upharazgi wake. Yesu wakazunura mazgu ghakuti Ufumu nyengo zakujumpha 100 apo wakapharazganga. Ivi vikulongora kuti mtima wa Yesu ukaŵa pa Ufumu wa Chiuta.—Ŵazgani Mateyu 12:34.

2. Kasi mbalinga awo ŵakwenera kuti ŵakapulika mazgu gha Yesu gha pa Mateyu 28:19, 20, ndipo tikumanya wuli?

² Yesu wakati wawuka, wakakumana na ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 500, ndipo ŵanandi ŵa iwo ŵakazgoka ŵasambiri. (1 Kor. 15:6) Yesu wakwenera kuti wakakumana na ŵanthu aŵa pa nyengo iyo wakaphaliranga ŵasambiri ŵake kuti ŵapharazge Ufumu ku “ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yose.” Mulimo wa kupharazga ukaŵa ukuru chomene. * Yesu wakati mulimo wa kupharazga uchitikenge m’paka “umaliro wa charu ichi.” Para mukupharazga makani ghawemi,  ndikuti namwe mukufiska uchimi uwu.—Mat. 28:19, 20.

3. Yowoyani vinthu vitatu ivyo vyawovwira pakupharazga makani ghawemi.

³ Yesu wakapeleka mulimo wa kupharazga ku ŵasambiri ŵake, ndipo wakaŵaphalira kuti: “Ine nili namwe mazuŵa ghose m’paka umaliro wa charu ichi.” (Mat. 28:20) Yesu wakalayizga ŵalondezgi ŵake kuti walutilirenge kulongozga mulimo wa kupharazga na kuŵawovwira kuti ŵapharazge pa charu chose chapasi. Mazuŵa ghano napo, Yehova na Yesu ŵakutovwira apo tikuchita mulimo wa kupharazga. Yehova wakutipa “chinthu chiwemi chilichose” kuti chitovwire pa mulimo wa kupharazga. (Heb. 13:20, 21) Mu nkhani iyi tidumbiskanenge vinthu viwemi vitatu ivyo vyawovwira pa mulimo wa kupharazga: (1) vinthu ivyo vikutovwira pakupharazga, (2) nthowa ziphya zakupharazgira, na (3) masukulu agho ghakovwira ŵapharazgi ŵa Ufumu. Chakwamba tiyeni tiwone vinyake mwa vinthu ivyo vyawovwira pakupharazga mu vyaka 100 ivyo vyajumpha.

4. Kasi vinthu vinyake vyawovwira wuli pakupharazga?

⁴ Yesu wakayaniska “mazgu gha Ufumu” na mbuto yiwemi iyo yaseŵeka pa dongo lakupambanapambana. (Mat. 13:18, 19) Mulimi wakuŵa na vinthu ivyo wakutipulira dongo kuti mbuto zake zimere makora. Mwakuyana waka, Fumu yithu yatipa vinthu ivyo vikovwira pa mulimo wa kupharazga. Vinthu vinyake vikawovwira kwa nyengo yichoko waka, kweni vinyake vichali kukovwira. Ndipouli vinthu vyose ivyo Fumu yatipa, vyawovwira kuti tipharazgenge mwaluso.

5. Kasi kadi likayananga na vichi, ndipo likagwiranga wuli ntchito?

⁵ Mu 1933, ŵapharazgi ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito makadi pakupharazga. Makadi agha ghakawovwira ŵanandi kuti ŵambe kupharazga. Makadi agha ghakayananga waka na kapepara kakulembapo malipoti ndipo ghakaŵanga na uthenga ufupi kweniso upusu wa mu Baibolo. Nyengo zinyake makadi ghaphya ghakaŵanga na uthenga uphya. Mubali Charles W. Elenimeya wakaŵa na vyaka 10 apo wakamba kugwiliskira ntchito makadi pakupharazga. Iyo wakati: “Kadi lililose likaŵa na mazgu ghakuti, ‘Chonde ŵazgani uthenga uwu.’ Para munthu waŵazga uthenga wa pa kadi, tikamulekeranga buku na kuluta.”

6. Kasi makadi ghakawovwira wuli?

⁶ Makadi ghakawovwira ŵapharazgi mu nthowa zinandi. Mwachiyelezgero, ŵapharazgi ŵanyake ŵakaŵa na soni. Nangauli ŵanyake ŵakakhumbanga kupharazga, kweni ŵakamanyanga yayi vyakuti ŵayowoye. Ŵanyake ŵakayowoyanga vinandi chomene. Ŵakamuphaliranga munthu chilichose icho ŵakamanyanga mu maminiti ghachoko waka, kweni ŵakayowoyangaso mwaluso yayi. Makadi ghakawovwira ŵapharazgi wose kupharazga munthowa yipusu.

7. Kasi upharazgi wa makadi ukaŵa na masuzgo wuli?

⁷ Nangauli makadi ghakawovwiranga pakupharazga, kweni pakaŵa masuzgo ghanyake. Mudumbu Grace A. Estep wakati: “Nyengo zinyake ŵanthu ŵakatifumbanga kuti, ‘Kasi kakuyowoya vichi? Tiphalirani waka ivyo kakuyowoya.’” Ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakakananga kuŵazga uthenga wa pa makadi agha. Ŵanyake para ŵapokera kadi, ŵakaghanaghananga kuti ndawo, ndipo ŵakanjiranga nalo mu nyumba na kujalako. Ŵanthu ŵanyake  ŵakatinkhanga uthenga withu, ntheura para ŵapika kadi iwo ŵakakeluranga waka. Nangauli pakaŵa pa masuzgo agha, kweni makadi ghakawovwira ŵapharazgi kuti ŵapharazgirenge ŵazengezgani ŵawo kweniso kuti ŵamanyikwe kuti mbapharazgi ŵa Ufumu.

8. Kasi ŵapharazgi ŵakachitanga wuli pakupharazga na giramafoni? (Wonani chithuzi chakwamba.)

⁸ Mu ma 1930 kufikira 1940, ŵapharazgi ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito giramafoni pakupharazga. Ŵabali ŵanyake ŵakachemanga giramafoni kuti Aroni chifukwa ndiyo yikayowoyanga mu malo mwa iwo. (Ŵazgani Exodus 4:14-16.) Usange munthu wazomera kutegherezga, ŵapharazgi ŵakamulizgiranga giramafoni kuti wategherezge uthenga ufupi wa mu Baibolo, ndipo pamanyuma ŵakamupanga mabuku. Nyengo zinyake mbumba yose yikategherezgeranga pamoza uthenga wa mu Baibolo. Mwakuti mu 1934, gulu likamba kupanga magiramafoni kuti ghawovwire ŵabali pakupharazga. Gulu likajambura nkhani 92 izo ŵanthu ŵakategherezganga pa magiramafoni.

9. Kasi magiramafoni ghakawovwira wuli pakupharazga?

⁹ Hillary Goslin wakati wapulika uthenga wa mu Baibolo pa giramafoni, wakabwereka giramafoni kwa sabata yimoza kuti ŵazengezgani ŵake nawo ŵakategherezge uthenga wa Ufumu. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakategherezga uthenga wa mu Baibolo ndipo ŵakabatizika. Nakuti ŵana ŵanakazi ŵaŵiri ŵa Mubali Hillary ŵakaluta ku Sukulu ya Giliyadi, ndipo pamanyuma ŵakamba uteŵeti wa umishonale. Makadi na magiramafoni vikawovwira ŵanandi kuti ŵambe kupharazga. Kufuma apo, Yehova wakamba kusambizga ŵateŵeti ŵake kwizira mu Sukulu ya Uteŵeti wa Chiuta.

10, 11. Kasi manyuzipepara na wayilesi vikawovwira wuli pakupharazga makani ghawemi?

¹⁰ Yehova wakapeleka nthowa zakupharazgira ku ŵateŵeti ŵake kuti ziŵawovwire kupharazga makani ghawemi ku ŵanthu ŵanandi. Nthowa izi zikawovwira chomene pa nyengo iyo ŵantchito panji kuti ŵapharazgi ŵakaŵa ŵachoko. (Ŵazgani Mateyu 9:37.) Mwachiyelezgero, gulu likagwiliskiranga ntchito manyuzipepara pakupharazga makani ghawemi. Sabata yiliyose, Mubali Charles Taze Russell wakatumizganga nkhani ya mu Baibolo ku ŵanthu awo ŵakusindikizga manyuzipepara. Nkhani izi ŵakazisindikizganga mu manyuzipepara gha ku United States, Canada, na Europe. Mu 1913, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 15,000,000 ŵakaŵazga nkhani za mu Baibolo za Mubali Russell izo zikalembeka mu manyuzipepara ghakukwana 2,000.

¹¹ Wayilesi nayo yikawovwira pa ntchito ya kupharazga makani ghawemi. Pa Epulero 16, 1922, Mubali Joseph F. Rutherford wakayowoya nkhani yakwamba ya mu Baibolo pa wayilesi, ndipo ŵanthu pafupifupi 50,000 ŵakategherezga nkhani iyi. Pa Febuluwale 24, 1924, gulu likamba kugwiliskira ntchito wayilesi yake ya WBBR. Gongwe la Mulinda la Chingelezi la Disembala 1, 1924, likalongosora kuti wayilesi ni nthowa yiwemi yakupharazgira makani ghawemi iyo yikukhumba ndalama zinandi yayi pakuyaniska na nthowa zinyake. Manyuzipepara na wayilesi vikawovwira ŵanthu ŵanandi kuti ŵapulike uthenga uwemi, nanga ni mu vigaŵa ivyo mukaŵa ŵapharazgi ŵachoko.

12. (a) Kasi ni malo wuli ghanyake agho mukutemwa kupharazgako? (b) Kasi mungachita wuli para mukopa kupharazga uko kukusangika ŵanthu ŵanandi?

¹² Kupharazga uko kukusangika ŵanthu  ŵanandi ni nthowa yinyake yiwemi ya kupharazgira makani ghawemi ku ŵanthu ŵanandi. Ŵapharazgi ŵanyake ŵakupharazga uko ŵanthu ŵakukwelera basi na sitima, kwakwimika magalimoto, msika, na ku malo ghanyake. Kasi mukuchita wofi kupharazga ku malo agha? Usange mukuchita wofi, lombani Yehova kuti wamovwirani. Ghanaghanirani ivyo mulaŵiliri wa dera, Angelo Manera, wakayowoya. Iyo wakati: “Tikalondezganga nthowa yiliyose yiphya yakupharazgira. Tikawonanga kuti ni mwaŵi wa kuteŵetera Yehova, kulongora kuti ndise ŵakugomezgeka ndiposo ŵakupulikira. Tikaŵaso ŵakunozgeka kuteŵetera Yehova munthowa yiliyose iyo watinozgera.” Para tikulondezga nthowa ziphya zakupharazgira, tikulongora kuti tikugomezga Yehova kweniso tikuŵa ŵapharazgi ŵaluso.—Ŵazgani 2 Ŵakorinte 12:9, 10.

13. Kasi webusayiti yithu ya jw.org yikovwira wuli pa mulimo wa kupharazga?

¹³ Ŵapharazgi ŵanandi ŵakutemwa kuphalira ŵanthu kuti ŵangasanga mabuku ghakulongosora Baibolo mu viyowoyero vyakujumpha 700 pa webusayiti yithu ya jw.org. Mwezi uliwose, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 1.6 miliyoni ŵakujura webusayiti yithu. Wayilesi yikawovwira ŵanthu mu malo ghanandi kuti ŵapulike makani ghawemi gha Ufumu. Mazuŵa ghano napo, webusayiti yithu yikovwira kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵapulike makani ghawemi.

14. Kasi ŵapharazgi ŵakwenera kusambizgika vichi? Kasi ni sukulu wuli iyo yawovwira ŵapharazgi kuŵa luso?

¹⁴ Vinthu na nthowa izo tadumbiskana vyawovwira chomene pakupharazga makani ghawemi. Ndipouli, ŵapharazgi ŵakwenera kusambizgika umo ŵangapharazgira makora. Mwachiyelezgero, nyengo zinyake ŵanthu ŵakakolerananga yayi na uthenga wa mu Baibolo uwo ukaŵanga mu makadi na magiramafoni. Kweni ŵanyake ŵakanwekanga chomene na uthenga withu ndipo ŵakakhumbanga kumanya vinandi. Ntheura ŵapharazgi ŵakeneranga kumanya umo ŵangawovwilira ŵanthu mwaluso. Lekani Mubali Nathan H. Knorr mwakovwirika na mzimu wa Chiuta, wakawona kuti ntchiwemi kuti ŵapharazgi ŵasambizgike umo ŵangayowoyera mwaluso para ŵakupharazga. Ntheura mu 1943, gulu likambiska Sukulu ya Uteŵeti wa Chiuta mu mpingo. Sukulu iyi yawovwira ŵapharazgi wose kuti ŵasambizgenge mwaluso.

15. (a) Kasi ŵanyake ŵakachita wuli apo ŵakambanga kudumba nkhani mu sukulu? (b) Kasi lemba la Salmo 32:8 likufiskika wuli kwa imwe?

 ¹⁵ Ŵabali na ŵadumbu ŵanandi ŵakaŵa kuti ŵandazgoŵere kuyowoya pa wumba. Mubali Julio S. Ramu wakukumbuka nkhani yake yakwamba iyo wakayowoya mu 1944. Nkhani yake yikalongosoranga vya Dowegi uyo wakuzunulika mu mavesi 5 gha mu Baibolo. Mubali Ramu wakati: “Nkhambwambwantha chomene chifukwa cha wofi. Kakaŵa kakwamba kuyowoya nkhani pa pulatifomu, kweni nkhadumba nkhani yane m’paka paumaliro.” Ŵana ŵachoko nawo ŵakamba kudumba nkhani za mu sukulu. Mubali Manera wakukumbuka ivyo wakachita musepuka munyake apo wakadumbanga nkhani yake. Mubali Manera wakati: “Musepuka wakachita wofi chomene mwakuti apo wakambanga kudumba nkhani yake wakamba kulira. Kweni chifukwa chakuti wakanweka kudumba nkhani yake, wakayowoya m’paka paumaliro uku wakulira.” Panyake namwe mukuzgorapo yayi pa maungano chifukwa cha soni panji mukuwona kuti mungakwaniska yayi chifukwa cha wofi. Usange ndimo mukujipulikira, pemphani Yehova kuti wamovwirani kumazga soni panji wofi. Wamovwiraninge nga umo wakawovwilira awo ŵakadumbanga nkhani mu Sukulu ya Uteŵeti wa Chiuta kumasinda.—Ŵazgani Salmo 32:8.

16. Yowoyani chilato cha Sukulu ya Giliyadi (a) kale (b) kwamba mu 2011?

¹⁶ Gulu la Yehova likusambizgaso ŵapharazgi ŵanyake kwizira mu Sukulu ya Giliyadi. Chilato cha sukulu iyi nkhovwira ŵabali na ŵadumbu kuti ŵatemwenge kupharazga makani ghawemi. Sukulu iyi yikamba mu 1943, ndipo ŵabali na ŵadumbu ŵakujumpha 8,500 ŵasambizgika ndipo ŵatumika mu vyaru 170. Kweni kwambira mu 2011, awo ŵakuluta ku sukulu iyi mbapayiniya ŵapadera, ŵalaŵiliri ŵa dera, ŵateŵeti ŵa pa Beteli, na ŵamishonale awo ŵandanjire sukulu iyi.

17. Kasi Sukulu ya Giliyadi yawovwira wuli?

¹⁷ Kasi Sukulu ya Giliyadi yawovwira? Enya. Chiyelezgero ni charu cha Japan. Mu Ogasiti 1949, ku Japan kukaŵa ŵapharazgi ŵambura kukwana 10. Kweni kuumaliro wa chaka ichi, gulu likatumako ŵamishonale 13. Pasono ku Japan kuli ŵapharazgi pafupifupi 216,000, ndipo pafupifupi hafu ya ŵapharazgi aŵa ŵakuchita upayiniya.

18. Kasi ni masukulu wuli ghanyake agho ghalipo?

¹⁸ Tiliso na Sukulu ya Uteŵeti wa Ufumu, Sukulu ya Uteŵeti wa Upayiniya, Sukulu ya Ŵapharazgi ŵa Ufumu, Sukulu ya Ŵalaŵiliri ŵa Dera na Ŵawoli Ŵawo, na Sukulu ya Awo Ŵali mu Komiti ya Munthavi na Ŵawoli Ŵawo. Sukulu izi zawovwira chomene ŵateŵeti ŵa Chiuta kuti ŵaŵe na chipulikano chakukhora. Ivi vikulongora kuti Yesu, uyo ni Fumu yithu, wakulutilira kusambizga ŵalondezgi ŵake.

19. Kasi Mubali Charles Taze Russell wakayowoya vichi vyakukhwaskana na mulimo wa kupharazga, ndipo mazgu ghake ghakufiskika wuli?

¹⁹ Ufumu wa Chiuta ukamba kulamulira mu 1914, ndipo kufika sono pajumpha vyaka 100. Mu vyaka ivi, Yesu, uyo ni Fumu yithu, wakulongozga mulimo wa kupharazga. Mu 1916, Mubali Charles Taze Russell wakawona kuti mulimo wa kupharazga uzamuthandazgika pa charu chose. Iyo wakati: “Mulimo wa kupharazga ukuluta panthazi, nakuti ulutilirenge kukura, pakuti pali ntchito yikuru chomene ya kupharazga Ufumu.” Pasono mulimo uwu uli mukati. Tikuwonga chomene Yehova, uyo ni Chiuta wamtende chifukwa watipa vinthu viwemi ivyo vikutovwira pa mulimo wa kupharazga makani ghawemi gha Ufumu.