Kasi Mukumanya?

Kasi ŵalongozgi ŵacisopa Ŵaciyuda ŵa mu nyengo ya Yesu ŵakawonanga wuli ŵanthu awo ŵakaŵa ŵapasi?

▪ Mu nyengo ya Ŵakhristu ŵakwambilira, ŵanthu ŵa maudindo ghakuru ndiposo ŵalongozgi ŵa cisopa mu Israyeli ŵakayuyuranga comene ŵanthu ŵakusambira pacoko panji ŵabulu. Baibolo likuti Ŵafarisi ŵakatenge: “Mzinda uwu wambura kumanya Dango mbanthu ŵakutembeka.”—Yohane 7:49.

Mabuku ghanyake padera pa Baibolo ghakulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵa maudindo ndiposo ŵalongozgi ŵa cisopa ŵakayuyuranga ŵanthu ŵambura kusambira mwa kuŵacema kuti am-ha·aʹrets panji “ŵanthu ŵa mu caru.” Zina ili pakwamba likaŵa lakucindikira ŵanthu wose ŵa mu cigaŵa cinyake. Ŵakacemeranga ŵanthu ŵakavu na ŵambura kusambira pera yayi kweniso awo ŵakaŵa ŵakuzirwa.—Genesis 23:7; 2 Mathemba 23:35; Ezekiel 22:29.

Kweni mu nyengo ya Yesu, ŵakamba kuyowoya lizgu ili para ŵakuyuyura ŵanthu awo ŵakatenge ŵakumanya yayi Dango la Mozesi panji awo ŵakatondekanga kupulikira mitheto ya ŵarabi. Buku lakucemeka Mishnah (ilo ŵakatoramo fundo pakulemba buku la malango gha Ciyuda) likacenjezga ŵanthu kuti ŵangakhalanga yayi mu nyumba za am-ha·aʹrets. Mwakuyana na The Encyclopedia of Talmudic Sages, msambizgi munyake zina lake Meir wakasambizga kuti: “Para munthu watengweska mwana wake kwa am ha’aretz vikuŵa nga wamukaka na kumuŵika panthazi pa nkhalamu kuti yikandepo pambere yindamurye.” Buku la malango gha Ciyuda likakoraso mazgu gha msambizgi wa cisopa, uyo wakati: “Ŵanthu ŵambura kusambira ŵazamuwuskika yayi para ŵafwa.”

Kasi zina lakuti Kesare ilo likuzunulika mu Baibolo likung’anamuraci?

▪ Kesare likaŵa zina la mbumba ya Ciroma ya Gaius Julius Caesar, uyo wakasankhika kuŵa muwusi wa Roma mu 46 B.C.E. Ŵawusi ŵanandi Ŵaciroma ŵakasankha kuti ŵacemekenge Kesare cifukwa ŵakaŵako paubali na mbumba iyi, kusazgapo ŵawusi ŵatatu awo ŵakuyowoyeka mu Baibolo nga ni Augusto, Tiberiyo, na Kilaudiyo.—Luka 2:1; 3:1; Milimo 11:28.

Tiberiyo wakamba kuwusa mu 14 C.E., ndipo wakawusa mu nyengo yose ya uteŵeti wa Yesu. Ntheura ndiyo wakaŵa Kesare apo Yesu wakazgora fumbo lakukhwaskana na kupeleka msonkho, apo wakati: “Wezgerani vinthu vya Kesare kwa Kesare, kweni vinthu vya Ciuta kwa Ciuta.” (Mariko 12:17) Nchakuwonekerathu kuti Yesu wakayowoyanga za Tiberiyo pera yayi. Zina lakuti “Kesare” likayimiranga muwusi panji kuti boma.

Ca m’ma 58 C.E., apo Paulosi wakeruzgika uheni cifukwa cakuti Fesito wakakhumbanga kukondweska ŵanthu, wakacita apilu mulandu kwa Kesare cifukwa wakaŵa na wanangwa pakuti nayo wakaŵa Muroma. (Milimo 25:8-11) Mwakucita nthena, Paulosi wakapempha kuti wakeruzgike na Nero yayi, uyo wakawusanga pa nyengo iyi, kweni na khoti likuru mu muwuso wa Roma.

Zina la mbumba lakuti Kesare likazgoka la cifumu nanga pangaŵa pamanyuma pakuti ŵa mu mbumba ya Kesare ŵaleka kuwusa. Zina ili, likakhalilira waka kuŵa zina la uyo wawusenge.

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Ndalama ya Siliva Yakucemeka Dinari iyo Yili na Cithuzithuzi ca Tiberiyo