So Tetefo Nneɛma A Wɔatutu Fam ahu Di Yesu Asetra Ho Adanse?

“WƆAKYERƐW Yesu Ho Adanse Agu Ɔbo So.” Saa na nsɛm a ɛwɔ Biblical Archaeology Review (November/December 2002) anim no kyerɛ. Nnompe adaka a wɔde akadobo ayɛ a wohuu no Israel no ho asɛm wɔ saa nnianim asɛm no mu. Na Yudafo de nnompe adaka di dwuma paa wɔ bere tiaa a na ɛda afeha a edi kan A.Y.B. ne afe 70 Y.B. ntam no mu. Nea ɛmaa eyi yɛɛ soronko titiriw ne Aram nkyerɛwee a na egu ɔfã biako no. Nhomanimfo gyee nea ɛka yi toom: “Yakobo, Yosef ba, Yesu nua.”

Sɛnea Bible kyerɛ no, na Yesu Nasareni no wɔ nuabarima bi a wɔfrɛ no Yakobo a na wobu no sɛ ɔyɛ Yosef, Maria kunu no ba. Bere a Yesu Kristo kyerɛkyerɛe wɔ ne kurom no, atiefo a na wɔn ho adwiriw wɔn no bisae sɛ: “Ɛnyɛ duadwumfo no ba no ni? Wɔmfrɛ ne na Maria, ne ne nuanom Yakobo ne Yosef ne Simon ne Yuda? Na ɛnyɛ ne nuabeanom nyinaa na wɔne yɛn wɔ ha yi anaa?”—Mateo 13:54-56; Luka 4:22; Yohane 6:42.

Yiw, nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw wɔ nnompe adaka no ho no ne nsɛm a wɔka fa Nasareni Yesu ho no hyia. André Lemaire a ɔyɛ ɔbenfo wɔ tetefo nkyerɛwee mu a ɔkyerɛw asɛm a ɛwɔ Biblical Archaeology Review mu a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no ka sɛ, sɛ Yakobo a wɔkaa ne ho asɛm no yɛ Yesu Kristo nua a, ɛnde na ɛbɛyɛ “Yesu ho adanse a emfi Bible mu a wonya fii wɔn a wotutu fam hwehwɛ tetefo nneɛma mu hɔ a akyɛ sen biara.” Hershel Shanks a ɔyɛ nsɛmma nhoma no samufo no ka sɛ nnompe adaka no “yɛ biribi a wotumi so mu na wotumi hu a ɛwɔ hɔ fi onipa a ne ho hia sen biara a watra asase so pɛn no bere so.”

Nanso, ná edin abiɛsa a wotumi kenkan a wɔakyerɛw agu nnompe adaka no ho no nyinaa yɛ din a na wɔtaa to wɔ afeha a edi kan no mu. Enti ebetumi aba sɛ Yesu Kristo abusua no akyi no, na abusua bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ emufo no bi Yakobo, Yosef, ne Yesu. Lemaire bu akontaa sɛ: “Wɔ Yerusalem ansa na afe 70 Y.B. reba no mu no . . . ebetumi aba sɛ na nnipa bɛyɛ 20 wɔ awo ntoatoaso abien a na wɔwɔ hɔ no mu a na wobetumi afrɛ wɔn ‘Yakobo/Yakob Yosef ba Yesu nua.’” Nanso ɔte nka sɛ yɛ a Yakobo a ne din wɔ nnompe adaka no ho no betumi ayɛ Yesu Kristo nua no yɛ ɔha mu nkyem 90.

Ade foforo bi nso wɔ hɔ a ɛma ebinom gye di sɛ Yakobo a wɔka ne ho asɛm wɔ nkyerɛwee no mu no yɛ Yesu Kristo nua. Ɛwom sɛ na wɔtaa bɔ nea wawu no agya din wɔ nkyerɛwee a ɛte saa mu de, nanso na wɔntaa mmɔ onuabarima din koraa. Enti nhomanimfo binom  gye di sɛ Yesu yi bɛyɛ onipa titiriw bi, ma enti ɛma wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ Yesu Kristo, nea ɔde Kristosom bae no.

So Nnompe Adaka no Yɛ Nokware?

Dɛn ne nnompe adaka? Ɛyɛ adaka a wɔde obi a wawu nnompe gu mu bere a ne honam aporɔw wɔ ɔboda mu no. Nkurɔfo wiaa nnompe nnaka pii fii amusie ahorow a na ɛbɛn Yerusalem no. Wɔannya adaka a wɔakyerɛw Yakobo din wɔ ho no amfi wɔn a wotutu fam hwehwɛ tetefo nneɛma mu no ankasa nsam, na mmom wonya fii baabi a wɔtɔn tetefo nneɛma. Nea nnompe adaka no yɛ ne de no kyerɛ sɛ ɔde dɔla bɛyɛ ɔhaha bi na ɛtɔe wɔ 1970 mfe mu. Ne saa nti obiara nnim faako a nnompe adaka no fi. Ɔbenfo Bruce Chilton a ɔwɔ Bard Kɔlege, New York no ka sɛ: “Sɛ wuntumi nkyerɛ faako a adwinni bi fi ne baabi a bɛyɛ mfe 2,000 ni na ɛwɔ no a, wuntumi mmɔ wo tirim nkyerɛ abusuabɔ a ɛda adwinni no ne nnipa a ebia ɛka wɔn ho asɛm no ntam.”

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na André Lemaire ama adanse a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ tetefo ade a wɔatutu fam anya no mu ada hɔ pefee no, ɔde adaka no kɔɔ Dwumadibea a Wɔyɛ Abo Mu Nhwehwɛmu wɔ Israel. Ɛhɔnom nhwehwɛmufo no dii adanse sɛ wɔde akadobo na ɛyɛɛ nnompe adaka no fi afeha a edi kan kosi afeha a ɛto so abien Y.B. no mu. Wɔbɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ “biribiara nni ho a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔde nnɛyi adwinnade bi na ɛyɛe.” Ne nyinaa akyi no, Bible ho abenfo a The New York Times bisabisaa wɔn nsɛm no kae sɛ “adanse kakra a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛka Yesu ho asɛm no mu yɛ den, nanso ɛnyɛ nea wobetumi de ho ato so koraa.”

Time nsɛmma nhoma no kae sɛ “ɛkame ayɛ sɛ onipa biara nni hɔ a wasua nhoma nnɛ a ogye kyim sɛ Yesu antra ase.” Ne nyinaa akyi no, nnipa pii susuw sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wonya adanse bi ka nea Bible ka fa Yesu asetra ho no ho. So fam a wotutu hwehwɛ tetefo nneɛma mu na ɛsɛ sɛ obi gyina so gye Yesu Kristo di? Adanse bɛn na yɛwɔ wɔ abakɔsɛm mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ “onipa titiriw a ɔsen biara a watra asase so pɛn no traa ase”?

[Mfonini Ahorow Fibea wɔ kratafa 3]

Benkum, Yakobo Nnompe Adaka: AFP PHOTO/J.P. Moczulski; nifa, nkyerɛwee: AFP PHOTO/HO