“Animdefo” Afotu Tumi Di Huammɔ
“Animdefo” Afotu Tumi Di Huammɔ
SƐ WOBƆ nsɛmfua “abayɛn” ne “afotu” gu Intanɛt so sɛ worepɛ ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a, wubenya ɛho nkyerɛkyerɛmu bɛboro ɔpepem 26 ntɛm ara. Sɛ woyɛ w’adwene sɛ wode simma biako pɛ mpo bɛkenkan emu biara a, worenwie na wo ba no anyin akɔ aware.
Ansa na nnuruyɛfo a wɔhwɛ mmofra, mmofra adwene ne wɔn nneyɛe ho nimdefo, ne Intanɛt reba no, na ɛhe na awofo kogye mmofra ntetee ho afotu? Ná wogye afotu fi wɔn abusuafo hɔ. Ná ɛnanom, agyanom, sewaanom, ne wɔfanom wɔ hɔ a wotumi de akwankyerɛ ne sika fam mmoa ma, na na wogyigye mmofra no nso ma wɔn. Nanso, wɔ aman pii so no, nnipa dodow no ara atu afi nkuraase akɔtra nkurow akɛse mu, na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ eyi ama wɔne wɔn abusuafo ntam atetew. Ɛnnɛ, mmofra ntetee mu adwumaden no abɛda ɛnanom ne agyanom nkutoo so.
Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ, eyi ka ho bi na ama mmofra hwɛ ho adwumayɛfo adɔɔso pii saa no. Ade foforo nso ne sɛ nnipa dodow no ara de wɔn werɛ ahyɛ nyansahu mu. Eduu afe 1800 mfe no awiei no, na Amerikafo gye di sɛ nyansahu betumi ama nnipa adi yiye wɔ wɔn asetram biribiara mu. Na wɔn adwene yɛɛ wɔn sɛ, sɛ saa na ɛte a, ɛnde na ebetumi aboa wɔ mmofra ntetee mu nso. Enti bere a Amerika Akyerɛkyerɛfo ne Awofo Fekuw no de too gua wɔ afe 1899 mu sɛ “awofo ntumi mfa ntetee pa mma wɔn mma” no ara pɛ na “nyansahufo” pii a wɔwɔ mmofra ntetee ho ‘nimdeɛ’ daa wɔn ho adi sɛ wɔbɛboa. Wɔhyɛɛ bɔ sɛ wɔbɛboa ɛnanom ne agyanom a ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wɔbɛtete wɔn mma no.
Nhoma mu a Wɔhwɛ Tete Mmofra
Nanso, dɛn na saa animdefo yi atumi ayɛ? So awofo a wɔwɔ hɔ nnɛ nim abayɛn sen wɔn nenanom, na wonni mmofra ntetee ho dadwen kɛse? Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe wɔ Britain nnansa yi ara kyerɛ sɛ ɛnte saa koraa. Wobehui sɛ awofo a wɔwɔ mma nkumaa ɔha biara mu 35 na wɔda so ara rehwehwɛ afotu a wobetumi de ayɛ adwuma. Afoforo nso te nka sɛ nea wɔn ankasa susuw sɛ eye no ara na wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma.
Ann Hulbert yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ nhoma a animdefo pii akyerɛw afa mmofra ntetee ho mu, na ɔkaa nea ohui wɔ ne nhwehwɛmu no mu ho asɛm wɔ ne nhoma a wato din sɛ Raising America: Experts, Parents, and a Century of Advice About Children no mu. Hulbert a ɔno ankasa yɛ ɛna a ɔwɔ mma baanu no ka sɛ, animdefo no nsɛm no mu kakraa bi pɛ na na egyina nyansahu a edi mu so. Mmom no, wɔde wɔn afotu no gyinaa wɔn ankasa suahu so, na ɛnyɛ biribi a edi mu so. Sɛ yɛhwehwɛ nea wɔkyerɛwee no mu a, ɛte sɛ nea mfaso nni wɔn afotu no mu dodow no ara so, na wɔn nsɛm no nso nhyia, na sɛ wokenkan a wunhu nea wɔrepɛ akyerɛ ankasa.
Ɛhefa ankasa na awofo betumi anya mmofra ntetee ho akwankyerɛ pa ɛnnɛ? Nokwarem no, esiane sɛ afotu, adwenkyerɛ, ne adwene a enhyia abu so nti, ɛnnɛ awofo pii na wɔn adwene atu afra a wonhu nea wɔnyɛ. Nanso, ɛnyɛ awofo nyinaa na wɔte nka sɛ wonni mmofra ntetee ho akwankyerɛ biara. Sɛnea yebehu wɔ asɛm a edi hɔ no mu no, awofo a wɔwɔ wiase afanan nyinaa renya nhoma bi a wɔkyerɛwee akyɛ a nyansa wom na emu afotu da so ara yɛ adwuma so mfaso.