1. Yerusalaamee xayiyo wode hanidabaa qonccissa.

BAABILOONE olanchati daroti Kawuwaa Naabukadanaxoori Naaˈˈanttoy kaalettin 607n K.K., Yerusalaame katamaa woraajjidosona. He wode busakettida asaa xeelliyaagan Geeshsha Maxaafay hagaadan gees: “[Naabukadanaxoori] eta yelaga attuma asaa Beeta Maqidasiyaa giddon bisuwan woriis; yelaga attumaasatuyyo, woikko geela7otuyyo, woikko cimatuyyo, woikko ceegatuyyo [qarettibeenna]. . . . Hegaappe guyyiyan, Baabiloone olanchchati xoossaa Beeta Maqidasiyaa taman xuuggidi, Yerusalaame dirssaa gimbbiyaakka laalidosona. Kawo keettata ubbaa taman xuuggidi, yan de7iya al77o miishsha ubbaa xaissidosona.”—2 Odi. 36:17, 19.

2. Yerusalaamee xayanaagaa Yihooway woygi yootissidee, qassi Ayhudatu bolli aybi gakkanee?

² Yerusalaamee xayiyoogee hegan deˈiya asaa garamissana koshshenna. Ayhudati Xoossaa Higgiyaa azazettennan ixxikko Yihooway eta Baabiloonetussi aattidi immanaagaa, Xoossay kiittin hananabaa yootiyaageeti etassi daro layttawu yootidosona. Daro Ayhudati bisuwan hayqqana; hayqqennan attidaageeti bantta deˈo layttan Baabiloonen omoodettidi deˈennan waayi aggana. (Erm. 15:2) Omoodettidi biida asawu deˈoy yan ay malee? Kiristtaanetu wodiyan Baabiloone omooduwaa malabay hanidee? Hanikko, awudee?

3. Baabiloonen omoodettidi deˈidoogee Israaˈeelati Gibxxen aylletettan deˈidoogaappe waani dummatii?

³ Hananabaa yootiyaageeti kasetidi odidobay polettiis. Omoodettanaageeti yan banttawu danddayettidabaa ubbaa oottanaadan Yihooway Ermmaasa baggaara eta zoriis. I hagaadan giis: “Keettata keexxidi, etan de7ite. Kattaa zeridi, aifiyaa miite. Qassi taani inttena omooduwau yeddido katamaassi saroi de7anaadan koyite. He katamaayyo GODAA woossite. Aissi giikko, ayyo saroi de7ikko, intteyyookka saroi de7ana.” (Erm. 29:5, 7) Yihoowa azazuwaa azazettidaageeti Baabiloonen maara deˈidosona. Baabilooneti Ayhudati bantta allaalliyaappe dariya baggaa banttawu polanaadaaninne he biittan laˈatettan issisaappe harasaa baanaadan oottidosona. Beni wode alamiyan Baabiloonee zalˈˈiyawu waanna soho; qassi yan daro Ayhudati waati shammiyaakkonne waati bayzziyaakko tamaaridoogaanne harati gooba hiillancha gididoogaa bookki demmido naqaashay qonccissees. Ubba amarida Ayhudati duretidosona. Baabiloonen omoodettidi deˈiyoogee Israaˈeelati daro xeetu layttaappe kase Gibxxen aylle gididi deˈidoogaa mala gidenna.—Kessaabaa 2:23-25 nabbaba.

4. Ammanettenna Ayhudatuppe waayettida harati oonee, qassi eti Higgee odiyo ubbabaa oottana danddayibeennay aybissee?

⁴ Omoodettida Ayhudati asatettawu koshshiyaabaa demmidosona; shin ayyaanaaban koshshiyaabaa demmidonaa? Yihoowa beeta maqidasee yan deˈiya yarshshiyo sohuwaara issippe xayiis; qassi qeeseti darajjayettidi oottokkona. Omoodettidi biidaageetu giddon Xoossawu ammanettidi oottida aynne qaxxayettana bessennaageeti deˈikkokka, eti deriyaara issippe waayettidosona. SHin, eti danddayido keenan Xoossaa Higgiyaa naagidosona. Leemisuwawu, Baabiloonen, Daaneelinne a laggeti heezzati, Sidiraaqi, Misaaqinne Abddanaagoy, Ayhudati meennaadan odettida qumaa mibookkona. Qassi Daaneeli ubbatoo Yihoowakko woossiyoogaa nuuni eroos. (Dane. 1:8; 6:10) Gidoppe attin, eeqawu goynniyaageetu haaruwan, Xoossawu yayyiya Ayhudati Higgee yootiyo ubbabaa oottana danddayokkona.

5. Yihooway ba asawu gelido qaalay aybee, hegee gitaba gididoy aybissee?

⁵ Israaˈeelati zaarettidi Xoossay koyiyoogaadan kumetta hanotan ayyo goynnana danddayiyoonaa? He wode, eti danddayennaba milatees. Baabilooneti omooddidoogeeta mule yeddokkona. SHin, eti he higgiyaa kessiyo wode Xoossaa Yihoowa qoppibookkona. I ba asay laˈa kiyaanaagaa qaalaa gelidoogaadan, eti laˈa kiyidosona. Xoossay qaalaa gelidobay polettennan attenna.—Isi. 55:11.

6, 7. Ha wodiyan Baabiloonen omoodettiyoogaa xeelliyaagan nu akeekidobaa laammiyoogee bessiyaaba gididoy aybissee?

⁶ Omooduwan Baabiloone biidoogaa malabay Kiristtaanetu bolli gakkidee? Daro layttawu, ha maxeetee ha wodiyan deˈiya Xoossaa ashkkarati Baabiloonen 1918n omoodettidoogaanne 1919n omooduwaappe laˈa kiyidoogaa yootiis. SHin, nu akeekidobaa laammana koshshidoy aybissakko, ha huuphe yohuwaaninne kaalliya huuphe yohuwan beˈana.

⁷ Gita Baabiloona worddo haymaanoote ubbaa xaaxa waaxiyaaro gidiyoogaa qoppa. Hegaa gishshawu, 1918n Xoossaa asay Gita Baabiloonen omoodettanawu he wode amarida hanotan worddo haymaanootiyaa aylle gidana bessees. Gidoppe attin, Koyro Alamiyaa Olay doommanaappe daro layttaa  kasetidi, ayyaanan tiyettida Xoossaa ashkkarati Gita Baabiloone aylletettaappe laˈa kiyidoogaa hanotay qonccissees. Ayyaanan tiyettidaageetu bolli koyro alamiyaa olaa wode yedetay gakkidoogee tuma, shin eta bolli darotoo waayee gakkanaadan oottiday Gita Baabiloono gidennan, deriyaa haariyaageeta. Hegaa gishshawu, 1918n Yihoowa asay Gita Baabiloonen omoodettidaba milatenna.

8. Kiitettidaageeti hayqqi simmin aybi hanidee? (Doomettan deˈiya misiliyaa xeella.)

⁸ SHaˈan qoodettiya Ayhudatinne Ayhuda ammanuwaa ekkidaageeti PHenxxaqosxxe gallassi 33 M.Ln, geeshsha ayyaanan tiyettidosona. Ha ooratta Kiristtaaneti ‘doorettida zare, kawo qeeseta, geeshsha asanne Xoossaassi buzo asa’ gididosona. (1 PHeexiroosa 2:9, 10 nabbaba.) Kiitettidaageeti deˈido wode ubban Xoossaa asaa gubaaˈeta loytti xomoosidosona. SHin, kiitettidaageeti hayqqi simmin, “kaalliyaageetakka bantta geeduwaa kaalettanau wordduwaa haasayiya” asati denddidosona. (Oos. 20:30; 2 Tas. 2:6-8) He asatuppe daroti kase gubaaˈiyan aawatettay deˈiyo cimata; shin guyyeppe eti phaaphaase gididosona. Yesuusi bana kaalliyaageetuyyo, “Intte ubbai ishantta” yaagikkonne, he wode qeesetu citay doommiiddi deˈees. (Maa. 23:8) Arstotilanne Pilaato timirttiyaa dosiya erettida asati Xoossaa Qaalay tamaarissiyo geeshsha timirttiyaa worddo haymaanootiyaa timirttiyan loddan loddan laammidosona.

9. Kaddidaageetu Kiristtaane haymaanootiyaa Rooma Kawotettay waati maaddidaakkonne hegee kaalettidobay aybakko qonccissa.

⁹ Rooma Kawuwaa Qosxxenxxinoosi ha kaddidaageetu Kiristtaane haymaanootee 313 M.Ln higgiyan erettanaadan oottiis. He wodeppe haa simmin, Woosa Keettaynne Kawotettay issippe oottiyoogaa doommidosona. Leemisuwawu, Niiqiyaa Yaaˈan deˈiya Qosxxenxxinoosi, qeesiyaa Ariyoosi Yesuusi Xoossa giidi ammanennan ixxido gishshawu, he yaaˈaappe simmin a hara biitti yeddiis. Guyyeppe, Kawuwaa Tewodaasiyaasa Koyruwaa (379-395 M.L.) haaruwan, hambbalaashettida Kiristtaane haymaanoote gidida Kaatolike Woosa Keettay Rooma Haaruwan higgiyan erettida haymaanoote gidiis. Eeqawu goynniya Rooma kawotettay oyddantto xeetu layttan “Kiristtaane” gididoogaa taarikiyaa eranchati yootoosona. SHin he wode kaddidaageetu Kiristtaane haymaanootee Rooma Haaruwan deˈiya eeqawu goynniya haymaanoote dirijjitetuura walahettidi Gita Baabilooni yara gididoogee qoncce. Gidoppe attin, gisttiyan leemisettida amarida tiyettida Kiristtaaneti Xoossawu goynnanawu banttawu danddayettida ubbaa oottidosona; shin eti yootiyoobaa ooninne siyibeenna. (Maatiyoosa 13:24, 25, 37-39 nabbaba.) Eti Baabiloonen omoodetti uttidoogee tuma!

10. Kiristtoosappe simmin amarida xeetu layttaa giddon ashkke asati woosa keettay tamaarissiyoobaa siranaadan oottidabay aybee?

¹⁰ SHin, Kiristtoosappe simmin amarida xeetu layttaa giddon, daro asay Geeshsha Maxaafaa Giriiketto qaalan woy Laatine qaalan nabbabana danddayees. Hegaa gishshawu, eti Xoossaa Qaalay tamaarissiyo timirttiyaa woosa keettay tamaarissiyo wogaara geeddarssana danddayoosona. Etappe amaridaageeti Geeshsha Maxaafan nabbabido qofaappe denddidaagan, woosa keettay tamaarissiyo Geeshsha Maxaafan baynna wogata eqettidosona; shin he qofaa qoncciyan yootiyoogee daafaban yeggiyaaba, ubba qassi worissiyaaba.

11. Woosa keettay Geeshsha Maxaafaara gayttidaagan ay oottidee?

¹¹ Geeshsha Maxaafay xaafettido qaalaa guyyeppe daro asay goˈettiyoogaa aggiis;  qassi Geeshsha Maxaafaa asay goˈettiyo qaalan birshshenna mala woosa keettay diggiis. Hegaappe denddidaagan, qeeseti ubbay loytti nabbabananne xaafana danddayennaba gidikkonne, qeesetu xallaynne tamaarida amarida asa xallay Geeshsha Maxaafaa nabbabees. Woosa keettay tamaarissiyoobaa maayennaageeti keehi qaxxayettoosona. Ayyaanan tiyettida ammanettida Kiristtaaneti guutta citan issippe shiiqoosona; qassi issoti issoti mule shiiqana danddayokkona. Beni Baabiloone omooduwaa wodeegaadan, ayyaanan tiyettida ‘kawo qeeseti’ darajjayettidi oottana danddayibookkona. Gita Baabiloona asaa biyoosaa yiyoosaa diggada oyqqaasu!

12, 13. Gita Baabiloona asaa guuttaa yedda bessanaadan oottida naaˈˈubay aybee? Qonccissa.

¹² Tumu Kiristtaaneti Xoossay koyiyoogaadaaninne qoncciyan awu goynnanawu laˈa kiyanee? Ee! Naaˈˈu gitabaa gaasuwan, 1450 heeran xumaappe ayyaanaabaa pooˈoy pooˈiyoogaa doommiis. Koyroogee, qaaxxiyaabi deˈiyo attamiyo miishshay merettidoogaa. Hegee merettanaappe kase, Geeshsha Maxaafaa asay kushiyan xaafees; hegee deexxiyaaba. Geeshsha Maxaafay demmanawu metiyaanne alˈˈo maxaafa. Xaafiya gooba uri issi Geeshsha Maxaafaa kushiyan xaafidi wurssanawu tammu agina ekkiyoogee odettiis! Hegaa bolli, eti xaafiyoobay (woraqatay woy galbbay) daro alˈˈo. Hegaappe dumma ogiyan, maashiniyaanne woraqataa goˈettidi attamiya gooba uri issi galla 1,300⁠ppe dariya sinttaa attamana danddayees!

¹³ Naaˈˈanttoogee amarida xala asati daro asay haasayiyo qaalan Xoossaa Qaalaa birshshanawu 16tta xeetu layttaa doomettan kuuyidoogaa. Birshshiya daroti bantta shemppuwaa shenehoo giidi hegaa oottidosona.  Woosa keettaa kaalettiyaageeti dagammidosona. Xoossawu yayyiya attuma asi woy macca asi Geeshsha Maxaafaa oyqqiyoogee woosa keettaa kaalettiyaageeta qohana danddayiyo gishshawu, eti yayyidosona! Qassi Geeshsha Maxaafay asaa gakkido gishshawu asay nabbabiis. Eti nabbabido gishshawu, hagaa mala oyshata oychidosona: ‘Nagaraappe geeyiyoosaabaa, hayqqida uraa pitatiyawu miishshaa qanxxiyoogaabaa, phaaphaasetubaa Xoossaa Qaalay yootiyoy awaanee?’ Hegee haymaanootiyaa kaalettiyaageetu xeelan cashsha. Haymaanootiyaa kaalettiyaageeti daro asay oychiyo oyshan hanqqettidosona! Woosa keettay hegaa eqettiis. Woosa keettaa timirttiyaa eti eqettiyo gishshawu, attuma asaanne macca asaa kaddidaageeta giidi bohidosona; he timirttetuppe amaridaageeti Yesuus Kiristtoosi yelettanaappe kase deˈida Arstotilinne Pilaatoy tamaarissido eeqabaa timirttiyaappe ekettidosona. Woosa keettay he macca asatinne attuma asati hayqqanaadan pirddin, Kawotettay woriis. Eti asay Geeshsha Maxaafaa nabbabennaadaaninne woosa keettaa oysha oychennaadan hegaadan oottidosona. Dariya baggan, eta halchoy polettiis. SHin, amarida xala asati Gita Baabiloono yayyibookkona. Eti Xoossaa Qaalaa tumaa eridosona; qassi gujjidi eranawu koyidosona! Worddo haymaanootiyaappe laˈa kiyiyo wodee matiis.

14. (a) Geeshsha Maxaafaa xannaˈanawu koyida asati waatidonaa? (b) Ishaa Raasili tumaa eranawu waatidi koyidaakko qonccissa.

¹⁴ Geeshsha Maxaafaa tumaa eranawu keehi koyida daroti woosa keettay daro wolqqaamenna biitti betidosona. Eti ay qoppana koshshiyaakko ooninne banttawu yootennan nabbabanawu, xannaˈanawunne issoy issuwaara haasayanawu koyidosona. CHarles Tez Raasilinne amarida a laggeti 1870 heeran, hegaa mala biittatuppe issuwaa gidida Amarkkan Geeshsha Maxaafaa loytti xannaˈiyoogaa doommidosona. Ishaa Raasili waannatiya haymaanootetuppe awugee tumaa tamaarissiyaakko eranawu koyro halchiis. I haray atto Kiristtaane gidenna haymaanootetuugaa gujjin, dumma dumma haymaanootetu timirttiyaa Geeshsha Maxaafay yootiyoobaara akeekan geeddarssiis. He ubba haymaanooteekka Xoossaa Qaalay yootiyoobaa wurssi kaallennaagaa i sohuwaara akeekiis. Issi wode, Raasili inne a laggeti Geeshsha Maxaafaappe akeekido tumaa heeran deˈiya daro qeeseti ekkoosonanne hegaa bantta gubaaˈiyaa yameta tamaarissoosona gi qoppidi etaara gayttiis. He qeeseti koyibookkona. Geeshsha Maxaafaa Tamaareti worddo haymaanootiyaa yametuura issippe Xoossawu goynnana danddayennaagaa sohuwaara akeekidosona.—2 Qoronttoosa 6:14 nabbaba.

15. (a) Kiristtaaneti Gita Baabiloonen omoodettidoy awudee? (b) Kaalliya huuphe yohuwan pilggana oyshati awugeetee?

¹⁵ Kiitettidaageetuppe wurssettaagee hayqqi simmin sohuwaara tumu Kiristtaaneti Baabiloonen omoodettidoogaa hanno gakkanawu beˈida. SHin hegee daro oyshaa denttanaadan oottees: Ayyaanan tiyettidaageeti 1914⁠ppe kasetiya daro layttaa giddon Gita Baabilooni aylletettaappe laˈa kiyiiddi deˈiyoogaa bessiya hara naqaashay aybee? Koyro Alamiyaa Olaa wode Yihoowa ashkkarati kaseegaadan minni sabbakibeenna gishshawu i azzanidoogee tumee? Qassi he wode nu ishanttuppe amaridaageeti polotikaaban exatidi Yihoowa azzanttidonaa? Wurssettan, Kiristtaaneti naaˈˈantto xeetu layttaa M.Lppe haa simmin worddo haymaanootiyan omoodettidaba gidikko, eti laˈa kiyidoy awudee? Hageeti loˈˈo oysha. Kaalliya huuphe yohuwan zaaruwaa beˈana.