Ukusela Iiasprini Imihla Ngemihla—Ngaba Kufanelekile?

Oku kulandelayo kucaciswa ngugqirha yinto eyenzekayo ngokoqobo. Le yingxaki eqhelekileyo.

YONKE intsapho yayikhathazekile. Naye ugqirha wayenxubile. Ugqirha wathi: “Ukuba akayeki ukopha, mhlawumbi simele sicinge ngokumtofela igazi.”

Le ndoda yayisopha kancinane emathunjini kangangeeveki eziliqela, yaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba inengxaki yokukrala kwesisu okanye igastritis. Lo gqirha ekhathazekile wabuza: “Uqinisekile ukuba akukho mayeza uwasebenzisayo kwaphela?”

Le ndoda yathi: “Hayi. Kuphela zezi pilisi nje endizithenga evenkileni ngenxa yesifo endinaso samathambo.”

Ugqirha wakhawuleza waphulaphula ngenyameko. “Ndicela ukuzibona.” Ehlola ngenyameko iphepha elincanyathiselwe kuzo elinenkcazelo, wakufumana oko wayekufuna. Iacetylsalicylic acid! Yafunyanwa ingxaki. Xa umguli wayeka ukusebenzisa iiasprini waza wanikwa i-iron namayeza okunyanga isisu, wayeka ukopha yaye umlinganiselo wegazi lakhe wabuyela kwimeko eqhelekileyo kancinane kancinane.

Ukopha Okubangelwa Ngamayeza

Ngokwenene ukopha esiswini nasemathunjini okubangelwa ngamayeza yingxaki enzulu yezonyango yanamhlanje. Nangona oku kusenokubangelwa ngamayeza amaninzi, inkoliso yeengxaki ezinjalo ivela kumayeza asetyenziselwa isifo samathambo neentlungu. Oku kuquka uhlobo lwamayeza olubizwa ngokuba ziinonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, okanye iNSAIDS. Amagama anokwahluka ngokwamazwe ngamazwe.

Iiasprini ziphakathi kwamayeza afumaneka ezivenkileni, yaye kumazwe amaninzi ukusetyenziswa kweeasprini imihla ngemihla kwandile kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngoba?

Ukuthandwa Kweeasprini

Ngowe-1995 iHarvard Health Letter yathi “ukusetyenziswa kweeasprini ngokuthe rhoqo kusindisa ubomi.” Becaphula kuhlolisiso olwahlukahlukeneyo ehlabathini lonke, oluye lwaphindaphindwa izihlandlo ezininzi ukususela ngelo xesha, abaphengululi bagqiba ngelithi: “Phantse wonke ubani oye wahlaselwa yintliziyo okanye sistroke, one-angina, okanye oye wenziwa utyando kwimithambo yentliziyo ufanele athabathe isiqingatha ukusa kwiasprini enye imihla ngemihla ngaphandle kokuba uyaliwa yile pilisi.” a

Abanye abaphengululi bathi kukho iingenelo zokusebenzisa iiasprini kumadoda angaphezu kwama-50 eminyaka ubudala asengozini yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kuquka namabhinqa. Ukongezelela, kukho uhlolisiso olubonisa ukuba ukusebenzisa iiasprini imihla ngemihla kunokunciphisa ubungozi bokuba nomhlaza emathunjini yaye ukuzisebenzisa kakhulu kangangexesha elide kunokunceda kunciphise umlinganiselo weswekile egazini kubantu abanesifo seswekile.

Iiasprini zisebenza njani ukuze zibangele ezi ngenelo ezichaziweyo? Nangona kungaziwa konke, ubungqina bubonisa ukuba iiasprini zenza iiplatelet zegazi zingabi ncangathi kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela ziphazamise ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi. Kucingelwa ukuba, oku kunceda ukuthintela ukuvaleka koonothumela abaya entliziyweni  nasengqondweni, ngale ndlela kuthintele umonakalo kumalungu abalulekileyo.

Ukuba kucingelwa ukuba iasprini iluncedo kangaka, kutheni ingasetyenziswa nguwonke-wonke? Esinye isizathu sikukuba, kuninzi okungaziwayo ngayo. Kwanokuba kufanele kusetyenziswe engakanani akucacanga. Kunconyelwa ukuba kusetyenziswe ipilisi nje enye kabini ngemini ukusa kwipilisi encinane yabantwana uqakatha usuku. Ngaba amabhinqa afanele asebenzise umlinganiselo owahlukileyo kowamadoda? Oogqirha abaqinisekanga. Ngoxa iasprini elungiselelwe ukuba inyibilike esiswini kuphela inokugqalwa iluncedo, akuqinisekwanga ukuba iluncedo njani iasprini engenayo iasidi.

Izizathu Zokulumka

Nangona ngokweenkcukacha iiasprini zisenziwa ngezinto ezingokwemvelo—amaIndiya aseMerika afumana izinto zokwenza iasprini kwixolo lomngcunube—zinemiphumo emibi emininzi. Ngaphezu kokuba zibangela iingxaki zokopha kwabanye abantu, zininzi ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangelwa ziiasprini, kuquka neengxaki ezibangelwa kukwaliwa kwabantu abathile yile pilisi. Kakade ke, asibantu bonke abanokusebenzisa iiasprini yonke imihla.

Noko ke, umntu osengozini yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye sistroke okanye okubonakala ukuba usengozini, usenokubuza ugqirha wakhe ngeengozi neengenelo zokusebenzisa iiasprini yonke imihla. Ngokuqinisekileyo, umguli ufanele aqinisekise ukuba akanazingxaki zokopha, akaliwa yiasprini, yaye akanazingxaki zesisu okanye ezamathumbu. Ezinye iingxaki ezinokuvela okanye iingxaki zonyango zifanele zihlolisiswe nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe olu nyango.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, iiasprini namanye amayeza afana nazo zinokubangela ukopha. Yaye usenokopha kancinane, kungabonakali ngokukhawuleza, yaye kusenokuya kusanda ekuhambeni kwexesha. Namanye amayeza afuna ukuhlolisiswa, ingakumbi namanye amayeza athintela ukudumba. Qiniseka ukuba uyamxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uyawasebenzisa amanye awo. Kwiimeko ezininzi kunokuba bubulumko ukuyeka amayeza anjalo ngaphambi kotyando. Mhlawumbi kunokunceda nokusoloko uhlola kwilebhu umlinganiselo wegazi.

Ukuba sifuna ukuzikhusela kwiingxaki zexesha elizayo, siya kuthobela umzekeliso weBhayibhile othi: “Onobuqili ubona intlekele azifihle, kodwa abangenamava bayadlula baze bafumane isohlwayo.” (IMizekeliso 22:3) Kulo mbandela wonyango, ngamana singaphakathi kwabo banobuqili ukuze singafumani isohlwayo ngempilo yethu.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 20, 21]

Abo Banokucinga Ngokusebenzisa Iasprini Imihla Ngemihla

● Abantu abanesifo semibhobho yentliziyo okanye iicarotid artery ezimxinwa (eyona mithambo yegazi mikhulu entanyeni).

● Abantu abanethrombotic stroke (uhlobo olubangelwa ngamahlwili) okanye itransient ischemic attack (into efana nestroke).

● Amadoda aneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 ubudala asengozini yokuba nesifo sentliziyo ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo: ukutshaya, uxinezeleko lwegazi, isifo seswekile, umlinganiselo ophakamileyo wecholesterol, umlinganiselo ophantsi weHDL cholesterol, ukutyeba gqitha, ukusela kakhulu utywala, imvelaphi yomntu onelungu lentsapho elakhe lanesifo sentliziyo liselula (ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala) okanye istroke, nokusoloko uhleli ungenzi nto.

● Amabhinqa angaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala asengozini ngenxa yezinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwezo.

Mhlawumbi unokudibana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ngalo mbandela.

[Inkcazelo]

Umthombo: Consumer Reports on Health