Ngaba Unengxaki Yokubona Imibala
Ngaba Unengxaki Yokubona Imibala
URodney uthi: “Xa ndinxiba, umfazi wam uyajonga enoba ndikhethe iimpahla ezinemibala ehambelanayo kusini na. Kwisidlo sakusasa usikhetha ngokwakhe isiqhamo ekubeni ndingakwazi ukusibona esivuthiweyo. Emsebenzini andiyiboni indawo endimele ndicofe kuyo ekhompyutheni kuba ezi ndawo zidla ngokwahlulwa ngemibala. Xa ndiqhuba imoto, irobhothi ebomvu neluhlaza kum ziyafana, ngoko ke ndikhangela enoba kukhanyise engasentla okanye engasezantsi. Noko ke, ndiba sengxakini xa izibane zerobhothi zixwesile, esinye sisecaleni kwesinye.”
URODNEY unengxaki yokungayiboni imibala. Ingxaki ikwiretina—inwebu engenisa ukukhanya engaphakathi kwiliso yaye esi sigulo usifumene kubazali bakhe. Ingxaki uRodney anayo ifumaneka kwindoda enye kwali-12 nebhinqa elinokuba linye kwangama-200 eYurophu. a Njengenkoliso yabantu abanale ngxaki, uRodney ubona imibala ngemibala—akaboni nje into emnyama nemhlophe. Kodwa loo mibala akayiboni ngendlela abanye abantu abangenayo le ngxaki abayibona ngayo.
Kwiliso lomntu, iretina ngokuqhelekileyo ineendidi ezintathu zeeseli ezimile okwembumbulu nezahlula imibala. Nganye kwezi seli yahlula imibala eqhelekileyo—ezuba, eluhlaza okanye ebomvu. Xa ukukhanya kufikelela kwezi seli, kuchukumisa ubuchopho nto leyo eyenza ubani abone imibala. b Noko ke, kubantu abanengxaki yokwahlula imibala, ezi seli zibuthathaka okanye azichukumiseki ngokwaneleyo, nto leyo etshintsha umbala. Inkoliso yabantu abanale ngxaki abakwazi ukwahlula umbala omthubi, oluhlaza, o-orenji, obomvu nobrawuni. Oku kunokuwenza ungabonakali umngundo oluhlaza kwisonka esimdaka okanye kwitshizi emthubi okanye ukwahlula umLungukazi onamehlo azuba konamehlo aluhlaza. Ukuba inwebu efaka umbala obomvu elisweni ibuthathaka, irozi ebomvu ibonakala imnyama. Bambalwa gqitha abantu abanale ngxaki abangayiboniyo into ezuba.
Abantwana Nokwahlukanisa Imibala
Abantwana badla ngokuba nale ngxaki besazalwa, yaye bengaqondi bafunda iindlela zokuphila nayo. Ngokomzekelo, enoba abawuboni umahluko kwimibala ethile, basenokujonga umahluko kwindlela loo mibala eqaqambe ngayo baze loo mahluko bawunxulumanise namagama aloo mibala. Kwakhona basenokufunda ukuzahlukanisa izinto ngendlela ezenziwe ngayo ngaphezulu kunangemibala. Enyanisweni, abantwana abaninzi bakhula bengazi ukuba banale ngxaki.
Ngenxa yokuba ezikolweni kufundiswa ngezinto ezahlulwa ngemibala, ingakumbi kumabanga aphantsi, abazali nootitshala basenokuphazama bacinge ukuba umntwana akakwazi kufunda, kanti, eneneni akakwazi ukwahlula imibala. Omnye utitshala wade wayohlwaya enye inkwenkwe eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala ngokuzoba umfanekiso onamafu apinki, nabantu abaluhlaza nemithi enamagqabi anebala elimdaka. Kumntwana ongakwaziyo ukwahlukanisa imibala, isenokubonakala ichanile loo mibala. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba umntwana ngamnye eselula ahlolwe enoba uyakwazi kusini na ukwahlukanisa imibala.
Nangona ingaziwa indlela yokunyanga le meko, ayandi njengokuba umntwana ekhula okanye yandise amathuba okungaboni. c Sekunjalo, le nto iyacaphukisa. Noko ke, xa uYesu Kristu elawula kuBukumkani bukaThixo, uya kukushenxisa konke ukungafezeki kubantu abahlonel’ uThixo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaneengxaki zamehlo enoba zinjani na, baya kulubona ngokupheleleyo uzuko lomsebenzi wezandla zikaYehova.—Isaya 35:5; Mateyu 15:30, 31; ISityhilelo 21:3, 4.
[Imibhalo esemazantsi]
a Zonke iintlanga zinayo le ngxaki, kodwa ngabeLungu kakhulu abanale ngxaki.
b Izilwanyana ezininzi ziyakwazi ukubona imibala, nangona zingayiboni ngendlela thina esiyibona ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, izinja zineendidi ezimbini zeeseli kuphela emehlweni azo—eyokubona into ezuba neyokwahlukanisa into ebomvu kweluhlaza. Kodwa, ezinye iintaka zineeseli ezine yaye zisenokubona ukukhanya kwelanga okuphandlayo kwiliso lomntu.
c Maxa wambi le ngxaki ibangelwa sisifo esithile. Ukuba uphawula ukuba unengxaki yokubona imibala ekukhuleni kwakho, kusenokufuneka ubonane nogqirha wamehlo.
[Ibhokisi/Imizobo ekwiphepha 18]
UKUHLOLA INGXAKI YOKUNGAKWAZI UKWAHLUKANISA IMIBALA
Xa kuhlolwa enoba ubani unengxaki engakanani yokungakwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala, kudla ngokusetyenziswa amachaphaza anemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo. Inkqubo esetyenziswa gqitha ekuthiwa yi-Ishihara ineendidi zamachaphaza ezinokuba ngama-38. Ngokomzekelo, xa ubani ehlola amanye amachaphaza ewajongise elangeni, ukuba akanayo le ngxaki ufanele abone inani elingama-42 nelingama-74 (ngasekhohlo), ngoxa umntu ongawuboniyo umbala obomvu noluhlaza—eyona ngxaki iqhelekileyo—usenokungaboni nani ngasentla aze abone elingama-21 ngezantsi. d
Ukuba xa kuhlolwa kufunyaniswe ukuba unengxaki, ugqirha wamehlo usenokuncomela ukuba uphinde uxilongwe kubonwe enoba wazalwa unale ngxaki okanye ibangelwe zezinye izinto.
[Umbhalo osemazantsi]
d Ezi zicangca zifakwe ngenjongo yokuzekelisa. Ubani ufanele ahlolwe yingcali.
[Inkcazelo]
Amacwecwe okuvavanya indlela esiyibona ngayo imibala afumaneka kwiphepha 18: Imvume yokuwakhuphela siyifumene kwiziko iPseudoisochromatic Plate Ishihara Compatible (PIPIC) Color Vision Test 24 Plate Edition by Dr. Terrace L. Waggoner/www.colorvisiontesting.com
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 19]
KUTHENI NGOKUYINTLOKO INGAMADODA ANALE NGXAKI?
Ingxaki yokungakwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala idluliselwa ngemizila yemfuza engu-X. Amabhinqa anemizila emibini yemfuza engu-X, ngoxa amadoda enemizila engu-X no-Y. Ngenxa yoku, ukuba ibhinqa linomzila wemfuza ongu-X onengxaki, omnye umzila wemfuza ongenangxaki usenokuwulungisa omnye, ize loo ngxaki iphele. Kodwa xa indoda izuza umzila wemfuza onengxaki kubazali bayo, ayinawo omnye oza kuyinceda.
[Umzobo/Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 18]
(Ukuba ufuna inkcazelo ehlahlelwe kakuhle, yiya kwimpapasho)
OKWENZEKAYO UKUZE SIBONE IMIBALA
Ukukhanya kudlula kwicornea nakwilens kuze kuthunyelwe kwiretina—inwebu yeliso
Icornea
Ilens
Iretina
Umfanekiso ogqwethekileyo kodwa ulungiswa kamva bubuchopho
UMTHAMBO WELISO uthwele imiyalelo enokuthanani nokubona uyisa ebuchotsheni
INWEBU YELISO ineeseli ezinjengembumbulu nezingathi luswazi. Xa ezi seli zidibene zikwenza ubone kakuhle
Inwebu yeliso enjengoswazi
Inwebu yeliso enjengembumbulu
IISELI EZINJENGEMBUMBULU zikwenza ubone umbala obomvu, oluhlaza nozuba
Umbala obomvu
Umbala oluhlaza
Umbala ozuba
[Imifanekiso]
Ukubona kakuhle
Xa kukho ingxaki yokungakwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala