Umsebenzi Onzima KaErnst Glück

KWIMINYAKA engaphezu kwama-300 eyadlulayo, uErnst Glück waqalisa umsebenzi ekufuneka indoda iqale icinge ngaphambi kokuba iwuchukumise. Wagqiba ekubeni aguqulele iBhayibhile kulwimi awayengalwazi.

UGlück wazalwa malunga nowe-1654 kwidolophana encinane yaseWettin, kufuphi naseHalle, eJamani. Uyise wayengumfundisi kwicawa yamaLuthere, ngoko ukukhulela kwikhaya lonqulo kwenza uErnst wakhula enomdla wokufunda ngoThixo. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-21 ubudala, wagqiba izifundo zakhe zakwalizwi eJamani waza wafudukela kwilizwe ekuthiwa yiLatvia namhlanje. Ngelo xesha, inkoliso yabantu balapho yayingafundanga kangako, kwaye zazimbalwa neencwadi ezazikho ngolwimi lwabo. UGlück wabhala wathi: “Ukufika kwam apha ndiselula, ingxaki yokuqala endayibonayo kukuba icawa yaseLatvia yayingenayo iBhayibhile . . . Oku kwabangela ukuba ndithembise uThixo ukuba ndiza kulufunda olu lwimi de ndilwazi kakuhle.” Wayefuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu baseLatvia bafumana iBhayibhile ngolwimi lwabo.

Amalungiselelo Okuguqulela

Ngelo xesha iLatvia kwakusithiwa yiLivonia ibe yayiphantsi kolawulo lweSweden. Ummeli wokumkani waseSweden apho yayinguJohannes Fischer. Wayelangazelela ukunyusa umgangatho wemfundo kwelo nokungenisa imali engakumbi. UGlück wathetha nalo mmeli ngokuguqulelwa kweBhayibhile kulwimi lwalapho. Lo kaFischer wayenomzi wokushicilela kwisixeko esilikomkhulu lalapho iRiga. Ngokushicilela iBhayibhile ngesiLatvia, wayeza kutsho atyhalele phambili nomsebenzi wakhe wokufundisa abantu, ngoxa kwelinye icala esenza ingeniso encumisayo. UFischer wacela uKumkani uCharles XI waseSweden ukuba  agunyazise ukwenziwa kwalo msebenzi. Ukumkani wavuma waza wathembisa nangokuwuxhasa ngemali. Watyobela isivumelwano esasigunyazisa ukuqaliswa kwaloo msebenzi wokuguqulela ngoAgasti 31, 1681.

Kanye ngelo xesha, uGlück wayesele elungiselela ukuqalisa. Ekubeni wayevela eJamani, wayenokukwazi ukusebenzisa inguqulelo kaMartin Luther ukuze aguqulele iBhayibhile yesiLatvia ngokusuka kuyo. Kodwa uGlück wayefuna ukuvelisa inguqulelo esemagqabini, ibe wabona kuyimfuneko ukuba aguqulele le Bhayibhile ngokusuka ngqo kwimibhalo yantlandlolo yesiHebhere neyesiGrike. Wayengenalwazi lwaneleyo ngezi lwimi zeBhayibhile, ngoko waya eHamburg, eJamani ukuze afunde isiHebhere nesiGrike. Kubonakala ukuba ngoxa wayelapho, wancedwa ngumfundisi waseLivonia uJānis Reiters, wamfundisa isiLatvia nesiGrike eyabhalwa ngaso iBhayibhile.

Iminyaka Yokusebenza, Neminyaka Yokulinda

Emva kokugqiba izifundo zakhe ngowe-1680, uGlück wabuyela eLatvia waza wafika wangumfundisi. Akuzange kube kudala waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe wokuguqulela. Ngowe-1683, wafumana isabelo esitsha sobufundisi kwityalike enkulu yaseAlūksne, eyaba luncedo gqitha kumsebenzi wakhe wokuguqulela.

Ngelo xesha, ulwimi lwesiLatvia lwalungenaso kakuhle isigama esisetyenziswe eBhayibhileni. Ngenxa yoko, uGlück wasebenzisa amagama esiJamani kwinguqulelo yakhe. Noko ke, wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuguqulela iLizwi likaThixo ngesiLatvia, ibe neengcali ziyavumelana ukuba inguqulelo yakhe ikumgangatho ophezulu. UGlück wade waqamba namagama amatsha, ibe amaninzi kuloo magama akhe asasetyenziswa gqitha kulwimi lwesiLatvia. La magama aquka amagama esiLatvia athi “ngokomzekelo,” “isidlo,” “ingxilimbela,” “ubuntlola” nelithi “ukungqina.”

UJohannes Fischer wayesoloko esazisa ukumkani waseSweden ngendima esele ihanjiwe kwinkqubela yalo msebenzi, ibe imbalelwano yabo ibonisa ukuba ngowe-1683, uGlück wayesele egqibile ukuguqulela iZibhalo ZamaKristu ZesiGrike. Ngowe-1689, wayesele eyiguqulele wayigqiba yonke iBhayibhile, egqibe umsebenzi onzima kwiminyaka nje esibhozo. * Zininzi izinto ezakulibazisayo ukupapashwa kwale Bhayibhile, ukanti ngowe-1694 yade  yazaliseka iminqweno yakhe—urhulumente wagunyazisa ukusasazwa kweBhayibhile yesiLatvia.

Bambi ababhali-mbali baye bayithandabuza into yokuba uGlück wawenza ngokwakhe wonke lo msebenzi wokuguqulela iBhayibhile. Akuthandabuzeki ukuba waquka nenguqulelo kaLuther kumsebenzi wakhe waza waphucula neenxalenye zeBhayibhile ezazisele zikho ngolwimi lwesiLatvia. Noko ke, ezi nxalenye zivela kancinane kumsebenzi wakhe. Ngaba bakho abanye abaguquleli abamncedisayo? UGlück wayenenye indoda eyayimncedisa ngoxa wayeguqulela, ibe bakho nabamncedayo ekufundeni nasekuhlolisiseni loo nguqulelo yakhe. Kodwa, kubonakala ngathi abazange bafake isandla ekuguquleleni ngokwako. Ngenxa yoko uGlück usenokuba wayeyedwa ekuguquleleni le Bhayibhile.

Inguqulelo kaGlück yaba yimbalasane ekubhalweni kolwimi lwesiLatvia, ukanti yayiseza kuba nemiphumo ebaluleke gqitha. Ekugqibeleni, abantu baseLatvia babeza kutsho bakwazi ukufunda iLizwi likaThixo ngolwimi lwabo ukuze bafumane iimfundiso ezinika ubomi. Nanamhla oku abakayilibali into abayenzelwa nguErnst Glück. Nasemva kweminyaka engama-300, abantu baseAlūksne basanyamekela imithi emibini yom-oki eyaziwa ngokuba yiGlika ozoli, okanye imi-oki kaGlück. UGlück wayityala ngenjongo yokukhumbula iBhayibhile yesiLatvia. EAlūksne kukho imyuziyam encinane eneenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zeBhayibhile, phakathi kwazo ekukho umbhalo wokuqala ukushicilelwa kwinguqulelo kaGlück. Nendwe yaseAlūksne ibonisa iBhayibhile kunye nowe-1689, unyaka awagqiba ngawo ukuguqulela iBhayibhile uGlück.

Umsebenzi Wakhe Wamva

Kungekudala emva kokufika kwakhe eLatvia, uGlück waqalisa ukufunda isiRashiya. Ngowe-1699 wabhala echaza ukuba ufuna ukufeza omnye umnqweno wakhe—ukuguqulela iBhayibhile kwisiRashiya. Kwileta awayibhala ngowe-1702, wabhala echaza ukuba wayeqalise ukuhlaziya iBhayibhile yesiLatvia. Noko ke, ayencipha ngokuncipha amathuba okuguqulela iBhayibhile. Emva kweminyaka emininzi yoxolo, iLatvia yaba lidabi leemfazwe. Ngowe-1702 imikhosi yaseRashiya yangqula phantsi iSweden yaza yayithabathela kuyo iAlūksne. UGlück nentsapho yakhe bathunyelwa eRashiya. * Kuloo maxesha anzima, uGlück waphulukana nayo imibhalo yakhe yenguqulelo entsha yeBhayibhile yesiLatvia nenguqulelo yakhe yesiRashiya. Wafela eMoscow ngowe-1705.

Kwaba yilahleko engathethekiyo ukulahleka kwezo nguqulelo zakhe zamva zesiLatvia nesiRashiya. Sekunjalo, nanamhlanje wonk’ umntu ofunda iBhayibhile yesiLatvia uxhamla kwinguqulelo yakhe yokuqala.

UErnst Glück ngomnye kwabaninzi abaye benza umsebenzi onzima wokuguqulela iBhayibhile kwiilwimi zomthonyama. Ngenxa yoko, phantse onke amaqela eelwimi zabantu abasemhlabeni ayakwazi ukufunda iLizwi likaThixo ngaloo ndlela bethabatha amanzi enyaniso angenakuthelekiswa nanto. Ewe, ngeenguqulelo zeBhayibhile, kwiilwimi ezingaphezu kwama-2 000, uYehova uye waqhubeka ezityhila ebantwini ukuze bamazi enoba bahlala phi na.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 13]

Inguqulelo kaGlück

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 14]

AmaNgqina kaYehova afundisa abantu iBhayibhile kwidolophu eyaguqulelwa kuyo nguGlück