Ajawule pa ndandanda

Ajawule pa ndandanda wa yindu

Ana kucenga kawonece ka maselo ga mundu kuti akakalambalaga mwacitema lili litala lyakulewuyila umi?

Kuwungunya Matala Gakulewuyila Umi

Kuwungunya Matala Gakulewuyila Umi

“Nagaweni masengo gapelece Mlungu kwa ŵandu kuti akamuleje. Cilicose jwalakwe ŵacipanganyisye cakusalala soni pandaŵi jakwe. Nambosoni ŵapele ŵandu mtima wakusacilila kutama ni umi mpaka kalakala.”—Jwakulalicila 3:10, 11, NW.

MALOŴE gaŵaŵecete Mwenye jwalunda Solomoni gakusalondesya mwauŵelele umi wa ŵandu. Ligongo lyakuti umi wetu uli wejipi soni ciwa nganituŵa tuciŵambele, ŵandu akusasacililaga ali mkutama ni umi welewu. Kwa yaka yejinji, mbili jikusalosya kuti ŵandu ŵajinji aŵele mkuwungunya matala gakutendekasya kuti atameje ni umi kwandaŵi jelewu.

Mwacisyasyo, aganicisye ya Gilgamesh mwenye jwa ku Sumerian. Jwalakwe jwasalilaga ŵandu ŵajinji yindu yaunami yakwamba umi wakwe. Cimo mwa yinduyi, casimanikwe cili cilembedwe peganga cakusala ya ulendo wakogoya wajwajesile kupita mciwungunya kuti amanyilile mwampaka aciŵambalile ciwa. Nambo jwalakwe nganapata litala lyampaka alikamulicisye masengo pakusaka kuŵambala ciwa.

Jwasayansi jwakala, ali pamalo gakwe gakuwungunyila yindu

M’yaka ya m’ma 400 B. C. E., ( B. C. E. jikugopolela Yesu mkanayice) ŵasayansi ŵane ku China, ŵalinjilile kupanganya “mtela’ wele jemanjajo ŵakulupililaga kuti mpaka wakamucisye ŵandu kuti atameje ni umi kwa ndaŵi jelewu. Nambo yeleyi nganiyikomboleka. M’malo mwakupanganya mtelawu, jemanjaji ŵapanganyisye mtundu wa cakumwa cacakwete poyisoni jwajwatendekasisye kuti mayimwene gejinji ku China gawe. M’yaka ya pasikati pa 500 C.E. ni 1500 C.E., (C.E. jikugopolela Yesu ali ayice) ŵasayansi ŵane ku Europe ŵalinjile kumpanganya golide kuŵa cakulya. Jemanjaji ŵatesile yeleyi ligongo lyakuti ŵakulupililaga kuti golidejo nganijuŵa jujonasice mwacitema. M’yoyo, mpaka jumkamucisye mundu kutama ni umi welewu.

Masiku agano, ŵasayansi soni acalijiganye ŵane ŵakusawungunyaga yayikusatendekwa kuti ŵanace ajigalile ndamo soni kawonece ka acinangolo ŵawo akulingalinga kupata ligongo lyakwe ŵanduwe tukusakalambalaga. Mwakamulana ni kuwungunya kwawo ya “mtela wa umi,” yikulosya kuti masiku agano ŵandu akwetepe nganisyo syakupata matala gakumacisya ukalamba soni ciwa. Ana kulingalinga kwawo kukwete yakuyicisya yamtuli?

MLUNGU ŴAPELE “ŴANDU MTIMA WAKUSACILILA KUTAMA NI UMI MPAKA KALAKALA.”​—JWAKULALICILA 3:10, 11, NW

KUWUNGUNYA CACIKUSATANDIKASYA KUKALAMBALA

Ŵasayansi ŵakusawungunya ya maselo ga m’cilu ca mundu, apelece ndemanga syakwana 300 syakusala ligongo lyakwe tukusakalambalaga soni kuwa. M’yaka yapacangakaŵapa ŵasayansiŵa akombwele kugatendekasya maselo ga ŵandu soni yinyama kamula masengo kwa ndaŵi jelewu. Ligongo lya yeleyi, ŵandu ŵakusicila ŵane apelece mbiya kwa ŵasayansi kuti awungunye ligongo lyakwe tukusawaga. Ana ni matala gapi gakuyiye pakuwungunyaku?

Kulingalinga kulewuya umi. Ŵasayansi ŵane akusaganisyaga kuti tukusakalambalaga ligongo lya yindu yine yayili m’cilu mwetu yakolanjidwa kuti matolomiya (Telomeres), yayikusaŵa kumbesi kwa makolomosomu (chromosomes). Matelomiyaga gakusacenjela umanyilisi wosope wakupanganyila cindu ca umi wawukusasimanikwa m’maselo. Nambo maselo pagatandite kugaŵikangana m’cilu, matolomiyaga gakusatanda kwipipa. Kaneko, maselo gakusaleka kugaŵikangana. Yeleyi yikusatendekasya kuti tutande kukalambala.

Mu 2009 mundu jwine (Elizabeth Blackburn) yalumo ni kakuga kakwe ŵapocele mboto ligongo lyakukamula masengo gakuwungunya ya sayansi. Jemanjaji ŵapatile kuti m’cilu mwetu mwana tumesi twatukusakamucisyaga kuti yindu yine m’cilumu yikamuleje cenene masengo gakwe (enzyme). Tumesitu ni twatukusatendekasyaga kuti matelomiya gaceleweje kwipipa. M’yoyo, ŵasayansiŵa ŵajiticisye kuti matelomiya “ngagakusatendekasya kuti mundu atame ni umi welewu.”

Kucenga umanyilisi wa m’maselo lili litala linesoni lyalikusatendekasya kuti tukakalambalaga mwacitema. Nambo maselo getu ga m’cilu pagakusile mnope gakusalepela kugaŵikangana mwamti gakusasokonasya citeteyo ca m’cilu mwetu. Yakuyicisya yakwe, yikusaŵa kuyimbangana, kasanya cilu soni yilwele yine. Pacangakaŵapa, ŵasayansi ŵa ku France ŵajigele maselo ga ŵandu ŵakalambale mnope ni ŵagacenjile. Kaneko maseloga gatandilesoni kukamula masengo. Kagulu kane kakuwungunya kaŵakalongolelega mundu jwine (Jean-Marc Lemaître), kasasile kuti masengo gawo galiji kulosya kuti yili yakomboleka kugatendekasya maselo ga mundu jwamkalambale kuŵa mpela mugaŵelele pandanda.

ANA ŴASAYANSI MPAKA ALEWUYE UMI WETU?

Ŵasayansi ŵajinji akusaŵeceta kuti atamose kuti pana mitela jakutendekasya kuti mundu akakalambalaga mwacitema, ŵandu nganaŵa akombwele kutama ni umi welewu mnope. Kutandila m’ma 1900, ŵasayansi aŵele mkulingalinga kulewuya umi wa ŵandu. Nambo yeleyi yiŵele mkukomboleka ligongo lyakuti ŵandu akulingalinga kuŵa ŵacasa, pana katemela jajikusakamucisya ŵandu kuŵambala yilwele soni mitela jine jajikuposya yilwele yejinji. Ŵasayansi ŵane akusakulupilila kuti umi wa mundu ukwete malile.

Ciŵandika yaka 3,500 yipiteyo, jwakulemba Baibulo jwine line lyakwe Mose jwasasile kuti, “Yaka ya umi wetu yikusakwana makumi msano ni gaŵili kapena naga kola macili yaka makumi msano ni gatatu. Nambo ndaŵi josope jikwamba kuŵa ja yisawusyo ni kulaga; yakayo ngayikukaŵa kumala, ni tukuwa.” (Salimo 90:10) Atamose kuti mundu mpaka atende yiliyose yakomboleka pakusaka kulewuya umi, nambo umi wetu ukusaŵa ni malile mwakamulana ni yaŵaŵecete Mose.

Mwakulekangana ni umi wa ŵandu, pana yinyama yine ya m’mesi soni makonokono yayikusatama ni umi kwa yaka yakupunda 200 soni yitela yine (giant sequoia) yayikusatamasoni kwa yaka masausande gejinji. Patukuwulandanya umi wetu ni yindu mpela yeleyi soni yindu yine, komboleka kuliwusyaga kuti, ‘Ana umi ŵakola yaka 70 kapena 80 ni uwuwupewu basi?’