Ukubuka Okwezwe

AbaseBrithani Nokuzilibazisa

Ngokokuqala ngqá ngo-1999, abantu baseBrithani bachitha imali eningi kwezokuzilibazisa kunaleyo abayichitha “ekudleni, ekunakekeleni imizi yabo noma ezinye izinto ezidingwa umkhaya masonto onke,” kubika iphephandaba laseLondon i-Times. Ngo-1968, imikhaya yayichitha imali engamaphesenti angu-9 kuphela kwezokuzilibazisa, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-17 namuhla. Umxhumanisi wezabathengi uMartin Hayward uthi: “Ngenxa yokuthi manje sesicebe kakhulu kunaseminyakeni mhlawumbe engu-30 edlule, izinto eziningi zokuzijabulisa ezithengwayo ezazibhekwa njengokunethezeka esikhathini esidlule manje abantu abaningi sebezibheka njengezidingo eziyisisekelo. Abantu abaningi sebebheka ukuthatha iholidi ‘njengesidingo’ hhayi ‘njengento abayifunayo.’ Abanye abantu baze babheka nokuthatha iholidi kathathu ngonyaka njengesidingo esiyisisekelo.” Manje imikhaya ichitha imali ephindwe kane kunango-1968 emishinini yama-video nemisakazo, ama-TV nama-computer. Eqinisweni, umkhaya owodwa kweyishumi une-Internet, kanti owodwa kwemithathu une-computer.

Isithongwana Esiqabulayo

I-New York Times iphawula ukuthi umkhuba wokuthembela ekhofini ukuze uxoshe ubuthongo ntambama kungenzeka awusizi. UDkt. James Maas, uchwepheshe wezokulala eCornell University, uthi: “Ukuphuza ikhofi kubangela ukozela. Ubuthongo abuxoshwa yizinto eziphaphamisayo ezingezona ezingokwemvelo.” Esikhundleni sokuphuza ikhofi, uMaas utusa ukuba umuntu abambe isithongwana, achaza ukuthi “silithuthukisa kakhulu ikhono lokunakisisa nokwenza izinqumo ezibalulekile.” I-Times iphawula ukuthi ukubamba isithongwana emini, isikhathi esingaphansi kwemizuzu engu-30, kungavuselela amandla omuntu ngaphandle kokumbangela ubunzima bokuvuka nokuphazamisa ubuthongo ebusuku. UMaas uthi: “Ukubamba isithongwana akufanele kubhekwe kabi. Kufanele kuvunyelwe nsuku zonke.”

Ukotini Utholakala Ezimvwini?

Ngokwenhlolo-vó yamuva ebiqondiswa yi-European Council of Young Farmers, “izingane zase-EU [European Union] ezingamaphesenti angu-50 azazi ukuthi ushukela uvelaphi, ingxenye yesithathu . . . ayazi ukuthi ukotini uvelaphi, kanti ezingaphezu kwengxenye yesine zikholelwa ukuthi uvela ezimvwini.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane zaseBrithani naseNetherlands ezingamaphesenti angu-25 ezineminyaka engu-9 neyishumi ubudala zikholelwa ukuthi amawolintshi nezithelo zomnqumo kukhula emazweni akubo. Lezi zingane zihlangana nemikhiqizo yezolimo esitolo, hhayi epulazini, futhi zifunda ngezolimo ngokuyinhloko esikoleni. Lezi kungenzeka ngezinye zezizathu ezibangela ukuba izingane eziningi zaseYurophu namuhla zingakhangwa ezolimo. Lo mkhandlu uthi: “Zilinganiselwa kumaphesenti ayishumi kuphela izingane zase-EU ‘ezingathanda ngempela’ ukuba abalimi esikhathini esizayo.”

Ubungane Busengozini

I-Wall Street Journal ibika ukuthi ukusebenza isikhathi eside, ukuhamba kakhulu ngenxa yebhizinisi nokuzijabulisa okutholakala ngemishini “okusigcina simatasa ngezinye izinto kodwa hhayi ngabanye abantu” kulimaza ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantu. Leli phephandaba liyaphawula: “Ukuchitha isikhathi nabangane kubukelwa phansi njengokuzilibazisa okudla isikhathi esibalulekile esimisweni esimatasa kakade.” Kodwa labo abangabunaki ubungane bangase bathole ukuthi lapho kufika izinhlekelele zomkhaya, “akukho muntu obasekelayo,” kusho isazi sezenhlalo uJan Yager. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi labo abanabangane abakahle ngokuvamile abacindezeleki futhi bagule kakhulu futhi bangase baphile isikhathi eside. Le Journal iyaphawula: “Isihluthulelo siwukuqaphela ukuthi ukuba nabangane kudinga umzamo omkhulu, njengoba kunjalo ngokulinganisela phakathi komsebenzi nomkhaya wakho.”

Izingane Ezikhuluphele

UDkt. Chwang Leh-chii, umholi wenhlangano yezazi zokudla eTaipei, eTaiwan, uyaxwayisa: “Ukukhuluphala kungenye yezinkinga ezingathi sína intsha yase-Asia ebhekene nazo.” I-Asiaweek ibika ukuthi liphakeme kakhulu inani lezingane ezikhuluphele ezingxenyeni eziningi ze-Asia, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabafana kanye nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ucwaningo lwamuva nje eBeijing lwembule ukuthi abafundi basesikoleni sabaqalayo nesiphakeme abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-20 bakhuluphele. Lo mbiko uthi kubonakala sengathi intsha yase-Asia ichitha isikhathi  esiningi ibukele i-TV futhi idlala imidlalo yama-video. Yini okufanele yenziwe? Ngokwe-Asiaweek, ikhambi alikona ukunciphisa ukudla okudliwa yizingane kodwa kunalokho, liwukuhlanganisa ukuvivinya umzimba njalo nokudla okunomsoco—okugcwele izithelo nemifino hhayi ukudla okunamafutha. UDkt. Chwang uphawula nokuthi ukwenza ukuvivinya umzimba kujabulise kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo. Kodwa lo mbiko uthi uma imikhuba ingashintshi, izingane ezikhuluphele zingase zibe nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sesibindi, sikashukela nezinkinga ezingokwengqondo.

Amabhayisikobho Aqhathaniswa Nesonto

“Amabhayisikobho anjengethi Terminator 2, Titanic nethi Star Wars anikeza intsha umuzwa ojulile ongokwenkolo kunamasonto avamile,” kubika iphephandaba laseLondon i-Independent. UDkt. Lynn Clark, wesikhungo sokucwaninga ngemithombo yezindaba e-University of Colorado, wabuza abasha abangu-200 ukuthi yisiphi isithombe sebhayisikobho esivumelana nezinkolelo zabo ezingokwenkolo. Abaningi bathi i-Terminator 2, eveza impi phakathi kobuhle nobubi, enomlingiswa oyinhloko obuyela esikhathini esidlule ukuze ayosindisa ingane enjengoMesiya. Ekhuluma engqungqutheleni eyayise-Edinburgh, eScotland, uDkt. Clark waphetha ngokuthi: “Intsha manje isincike kuDarth Vader nesithombe esithi X Files njengemithombo engayisiza ukuba ixazulule imibuzo ephathelene nenjongo yokuphila. Isithombe i-X Files sikhanga ngenxa yokuthi sicwaninga umbono wokuthi kunamandla angaziwa alawula indawo yonke. Siqokomisa iphuzu lokuthi kunezinto isayensi engenakukwazi ukuzichaza. Lowo umbuzo ongokwenkolo, inkolo engakwazi ukuwuphendula.”

Ukubhema Kufushanisa Ukuphila

“Ugwayi ngamunye umuntu awubhemayo unciphisa ukuphila kwakhe ngemizuzu engu-11,” kubika i-University of California Berkeley Wellness Letter. Ngakho, ukubhema lonke ibhokisi likagwayi kunganciphisa ukuphila kwakhe ngosuku nesigamu, futhi uma ebhema iphakethe lonke ngosuku unyaka ngamunye, ukuphila kwakhe kuyofushaniswa cishe ngezinyanga ezimbili, ngokusho kwabacwaningi base-University of Bristol, eNgilandi. Ososayensi bafinyelela kulezi zibalo ngokuqhathanisa ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwabantu ababhemayo nalabo abangabhemi. Laba bacwaningi bathi: “Kuveza umonakalo omkhulu wokubhema ngendlela bonke abantu abayiqondayo.”

“Abadwebi” Abayizindlovu

E-Ottapalam, eNdiya, amankonyane ezindlovu afundiswa ukudweba imifanekiso ngokubamba ibhulashi ngomboko. I-Indian Express ibika ukuthi abalondolozi bemvelo baye basungula i-Asian Elephant Art and Conservation Project ukuze baqoqe imali yokuvikela izindlovu ngokuthengisa imidwebo yazo. Indlovu ethile eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala okuthiwa uGanesan ibonakala iwujabulela kakhulu umsebenzi wayo “wokudweba.” Uma isemoyeni wokudweba, iphakamisa amadlebe bese ithatha ibhulashi kumqeqeshi wayo. Lapho uGanesan edweba, akafuni ukuphazanyiswa, ngisho nayizinyoni noma izingwejeje. Ngemva kokudweba imibalabala, uGanesan uyema kube sengathi uhlola umsebenzi wakhe. Nokho, akuzona zonke izindlovu ezisakhula eziyamukelayo imizamo yokuziguqula zibe “abadwebi” abayizilwane. Ezinye zibonisa ukuthi azikujabuleli lokhu ngokuphula amabhulashi okudweba.

Ukuhlela Isikhathi Sokubeletha

Iphephandaba lesiNtaliyane i-Corriere della Sera lithi: “Izingane sezifunde ukuzalwa ngesikhathi isibhedlela esifuna ngaso.” Engqungqutheleni yamuva nje ephathelene nokubeletha ebibanjelwe eFlorence, e-Italy, udokotela wezifo zabesifazane waseSwitzerland uFred Paccaud wathi: “Kusukela ekhulwini le-19 leminyaka, emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ukuzalwa kwabantwana ngeMigqibelo nangamaSonto kuye kwehla ngamaphesenti angu-95. Kodwa akupheleli lapho: Singasho ukuthi ukubelethwa kwabantwana abaningi kwenzeka phakathi namahora osuku avumelana nezisebenzi, okuwukuthi, phakathi nalezo zikhathi lapho kunodokotela nabahlengikazi abaningi abasebenzayo.” Ukubeletha kusheshiswa ngemithi noma kwenziwe ngokuhlinza. “Sizithola sibhekene nokusetshenziswa kwemithi nokuhlinza ekubelethweni kwabantwana,” kusho udokotela wezifo zabesifazane waseFlorence u-Angelo Scuderi. “Sibona ukwanda okusheshayo kwabantu ababeletha ngokuhlinzwa, okuhilela amaphesenti angu-20 [abantwana abazalwayo].” Nokho, uProfesa Carlo Romanini, umongameli we-Italian Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics, uthi “ukubeletha ‘okuhleliwe’ akwenzelwa ukunciphisa umsebenzi” kodwa kuyisivikelo komama nezinsana zabo ezinkingeni ezingalindelekile. Wathi: “Kungcono kakhulu ukuba [umntwana azalwe] uma kunezisebenzi eziningi esibhedlela ezizokwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu.”