Imiklamo Ethakazelisayo Ezitshalweni
Imiklamo Ethakazelisayo Ezitshalweni
WAKE waqaphela yini ukuthi izitshalo eziningi zikhula zibe nemiklamo ethandelayo? Ngokwesibonelo, uphayinaphu ungase ube namakhasi anamazenga athandelayo angu-8 ahamba alandelane kanye namahlanunoma angu-13 aphambana nawo. (Bheka umfanekiso 1.) Uma ubheka izinhlamvu zikabhekilanga, ungase ubone imiklamo ethandelayo engu-55 nengu-89 noma ngaphezulu, ephambanayo. Ungayithola nemiklamo ethandelayo nakukholifulawa. Lapho usuqala ukubona imiklamo ethandelayo, kungase kukuthakazelise kakhulu ukuya esitolo esidayisa izithelo nemifino. Kungani izitshalo zikhula ngale ndlela? Ingabe isibalo semiklamo ethandelayo sisho okuthile?
Zikhula Kanjani Izitshalo?
Izitshalo eziningi zakha izingxenye ezintsha njengeziqu, amaqabunga nezimbali okukhula esiqwini esincane esiyinhloko okuthiwa i-meristem. Isiqu ngasinye esakhekayo, okuthiwa i-primordium, siphuma phakathi sikhule siye ohlangothini olusha, sakhe i-engela esuka esiqwini sokuqala. * (Bheka umfanekiso 2.) Lapho zihluma, izitshalo eziningi zakha i-engela ekhethekile eyenza imiklamo ethandelayo. Kuthiwa yini le engela?
Cabangela le nkinga: Zicabange uzama ukuklama isitshalo esizoba neziqu ezintsha ezikhula zisondelane zingashiyi sikhala. Ake sithi ukhetha ukwenza isiqu ngasinye esisha sikhule sakhe i-engela eyizingxenye ezimbili kwezinhlanu zesiyingi ukusuka kwesokuqala. Ubuyoba nenkinga yokuthi isiqu ngasinye sesihlanu besiyokhula endaweni efanayo futhi siye ohlangothini olufanayo. Beziyokwakha imigqa egqagqene. (Bheka umfanekiso 3.) Iqiniso liwukuthi, noma iyiphi ingxenyana yesiyingi yakha imigqa kunokuba ivale zonke izikhala. I-engela okuthiwa “i-golden angle” kuphela engama-degree angu-137,5 eyenza iziqu zisondelane ngendlela efanele. (Bheka umfanekiso 5.) Yini eyenza le engela ikhetheke kangaka?
I-golden angle isebenza kahle ngoba ayinakubhalwa njengenani eliyingxenyana ethile yesiyingi. Inani elingu-5/8 lithi alilingane nayo, elingu-8/13 lisondele, nelingu-13/21 lisondele ngisho nakakhulu, kodwa asikho isibalo esibuveza ngokunembile ubukhulu bale engela esiyingini. Ngakho lapho isiqu esisha esikuyi-meristem sikhula sakhe le engela uma siqhathaniswa nesokuqala, azikho iziqu ezimbili eziyoke zikhule zibheke endaweni efanayo. (Bheka umfanekiso 4.) Ngenxa yalokho, esikhundleni sokuba ziqonde, lezi ziqu zakha umklamo othandelayo.
Ngokuphawulekayo, umfanekiso owenziwe nge-computer weziqu ezikhula ndawonye wakha umklamo othandelayo kuphela uma i-engela ephakathi kweziqu ezintsha inembile. Ukuphuma kancane kuyi-golden angle ngisho nangengxenye eyodwa kweziyishumi ze-engela kwenza le miklamo ingabi mihle.—Bheka umfanekiso 5.
Imbali Inamacenjana Amangaki?
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi inani lemiklamo ethandelayo eba khona ngenxa ye-golden angle ngokuvamile liyinombolo eseqoqweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Fibonacci sequence. Leli qoqo lachazwa ekuqaleni isazi sezibalo sase-Italy sekhulu le-13 esaziwa ngokuthi uLeonardo Fibonacci. Kuleli qoqo, inombono ngayinye elandela u-1 ilingana nenani lezinombolo ezimbili ezandulele—1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, njalonjalo.
Izimbali zezitshalo eziningi ezikhula zibe nemiklamo ethandelayo ngokuvamile ziba nenani lamacenjana likaFibonacci. Ezinye izingqapheli zithi izimbali zasendle nama-buttercup zivame ukuba namacenjana amahlanu, ama-bloodroot anamacenjana angu-8, ama-fireweed angu-13, ama-aster angu-21, eminduzeni evamile angu-34 kanti iminduze yohlobo lwe-Michaelmas inangu-55 noma angu-89. (Bheka umfanekiso 6.) Izithelo nemifino ngokuvamile ziba nemiklamo ehambisana nezinombolo zikaFibonacci. Ngokwesibonelo, ubhanana unezinhlangothi ezinhlanu.
“Wenzé Konke Kwaba Kuhle”
Sekuyisikhathi eside abadwebi beqaphela ukuthi i-golden angle yinhle kakhulu. Yini eyenza izitshalo zibe neziqu ezikhula zakhe le engela ngokukhethekile? Abantu abaningi baphetha ngokuthi lokhu kungesinye isibonelo sokuthi izinto eziphilayo ziklanywe ngokuhlakanipha.
Lapho sicabanga ngomklamo wezinto eziphilayo nekhono lethu lokuthola injabulo kuzo, abaningi bayaqaphela ukuthi zenziwa uMdali ofuna ukuba sijabulele ukuphila. Lapho likhuluma ngoMdali wethu, iBhayibheli lithi: “Wenzé konke kwaba kuhle ngesikhathi sako.”—UmShumayeli 3:11.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
^ par. 2 Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ubhekilanga uyingqayizivele ngenxa yokuthi izimbali ezincane eziba izinhlamvu ziqala ukwakheka ephethelweni lembali hhayi esiqwini esiphakathi.
[Imidwebo ekhasini 24, 25]
Figure 1
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[Isithombe ekhasini 24]
Isithombe esikhulisiwe se-“meristem”
[Umthombo]
R. Rutishauser, University of Zurich, Switzerland
[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 25]
White flower: Thomas G. Barnes @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database