Kungani Kufanele Sigubhe ISidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa?

“Ngakwamukela eNkosini lokho engakudlulisela nakini.”—1 KORINTE 11:23.

1, 2. Wenzani uJesu ngobusuku bePhasika ngo-33 C.E.?

INDODANA kaJehova ezelwe yodwa yayilapho. Kwakukhona namadoda angu-11 ‘ayengayishiyanga ekulingweni kwayo.’ (Luka 22:28) KwakunguLwesine kusihlwa, ngo-March 31, 33 C.E., futhi isibhakabhaka phezu kweJerusalema sasihlotshiswe yinyanga egcwele. UJesu Kristu nabaphostoli bakhe babesanda kuphetha umkhosi wePhasika. Imbuka elinguJuda Iskariyothe lase lixoshiwe, kodwa kwakungakabi isikhathi sokuba abanye bahambe. Ngani? Ngoba uJesu wayesezokwenza into ebaluleke kakhulu. Ini?

² Ake sidedele uMathewu umlobi weVangeli asixoxele, kwazise wayekhona. Wabhala: “UJesu wathatha isinkwa, futhi ngemva kokusho isibusiso, wasihlephula, wasinikeza abafundi, wathi: ‘Thathani, yidlani. Lokhu kusho umzimba wami.’ Wathatha nendebe, esebongile, wabanika yona, wathi: ‘Phuzani kuyo, nonke; ngoba lokhu kusho “igazi” lami “lesivumelwano,” elizothululwa ngenxa yabaningi ngenjongo yokuthethelelwa kwezono.’” (Mathewu 26:26-28) Ingabe lokhu kwakufanele kube isenzakalo esenzeka kanye nje kuphela? Kwakubaluleke ngani? Kuyasithinta yini thina namuhla?

“Qhubekani Nikwenza Lokhu”

3. Kungani kwakubalulekile lokho uJesu akwenza ngobusuku bukaNisani 14, 33 C.E.?

³ Lokho uJesu Kristu akwenza ngobusuku bukaNisani 14, 33 C.E., kwakungesona neze isenzakalo nje esidlulayo ekuphileni kwakhe. Umphostoli uPawulu wakhuluma ngakho lapho ebhalela amaKristu agcotshiwe eKorinte, lapho lokhu kwakusalandelwa khona ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20. Nakuba uPawulu ayengekho kanye noJesu nabaphostoli abangu-11 ngo-33 C.E., nakanjani kumelwe ukuba wezwa ngabanye babaphostoli ukuthi kwakwenzekeni lapho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusobala  ukuthi uPawulu waqinisekiswa ngezici ezithile zaleso senzakalo ngesambulo esiphefumulelwe. Wathi: “Ngakwamukela eNkosini lokho engakudlulisela nakini, ukuthi iNkosi uJesu ngobusuku eyayizonikelwa ngabo yathatha isinkwa, futhi ngemva kokubonga, yasihlephula yathi: ‘Lokhu kusho umzimba wami ngenxa yenu. Qhubekani nikwenza lokhu ningikhumbula.’ Yenza okufanayo nangokuqondene nendebe, ngemva kokudla isidlo sakusihlwa, yathi: ‘Le ndebe isho isivumelwano esisha esenziwa ngegazi lami. Qhubekani nikwenza lokhu, njalo uma niyiphuza, njengesikhumbuzo sami.’”—1 Korinte 11:23-25.

4. Kungani amaKristu kufanele agcine iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa?

⁴ Umlobi weVangeli uLuka uyakuqinisekisa ukuthi uJesu wayala wathi: “Qhubekani nikwenza lokhu ningikhumbula.” (Luka 22:19) La mazwi aye ahunyushwa nangokuthi: “Yenzani lokhu ukuba ningikhumbule” (IBhayibheli lesiZulu elivamile) nokuthi, “Lokhu kwenzeni njengesikhumbuzo sami.” (The Jerusalem Bible) Empeleni, lo mkhosi uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi iSikhumbuzo sokufa kukaKristu. UPawulu uwubiza nangokuthi iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa—okuyigama elifanelekayo njengoba wamiswa ebusuku. (1 Korinte 11:20) AmaKristu ayalwa ukuba asigcine iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa. Kodwa wamiselwani lo mkhosi?

Izizathu Zokumiswa Kwawo

5, 6. (a) Isiphi esinye sezizathu sokumisa kukaJesu iSikhumbuzo? (b) Nikeza esinye isizathu sokumiswa kweSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa.

⁵ Esinye sezizathu ezenza kwamiswa iSikhumbuzo sihlobene nenye yezinjongo ezafezwa ukufa kukaJesu. Wafa njengomsekeli wobukhosi bukaYise wasezulwini. Kanjalo uKristu wafakazela ukuthi uSathane uDeveli ungumqambimanga, njengoba ayethe abantu bakhonza uNkulunkulu ngenxa nje yezisusa zobugovu. (Jobe 2:1-5) Ukufa kukaJesu ethembekile kwafakazela ukuthi lokhu kungamanga, kwajabulisa inhliziyo kaJehova.—IzAga 27:11.

⁶ Esinye isizathu esenza kwamiswa iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa kwakuwukusikhumbuza ukuthi ngokufa kwakhe njengomuntu ophelele nongenasono, uJesu ‘wanikela umphefumulo wakhe waba yisihlengo sabaningi.’ (Mathewu 20:28) Lapho umuntu wokuqala ona kuNkulunkulu, walahlekelwa ukuphila komuntu ophelele nazo zonke izinzuzo zako. Nokho, uJesu wathi: “UNkulunkulu walithanda izwe kangangokuba waze wanikela ngeNdodana yakhe ezelwe yodwa, ukuze wonke umuntu obonisa ukholo kuyo angabhubhi kodwa abe nokuphila okuphakade.” (Johane 3:16) Empeleni, “inkokhelo yesono ngukufa, kodwa isipho uNkulunkulu asinikezayo ngukuphila okuphakade ngoKristu Jesu iNkosi yethu.” (Roma 6:23) Ukugcina iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa kusikhumbuza uthando olukhulu olwaboniswa nguJehova neNdodana yakhe ngokufa kukaJesu njengomhlatshelo. Kufanele silwazise kakhulu lolo thando!

Kufanele Sigcinwe Nini?

7. Kukanjani amaKristu agcotshiwe ezidla “njalo” izifanekiselo zeSikhumbuzo?

⁷ Ekhuluma ngeSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa, uPawulu wathi: “Njalo uma nidla lesi sinkwa futhi niphuza le ndebe, nimemezela ukufa kweNkosi, ize ifike.” (1 Korinte 11:26) UmKristu ngamunye ogcotshiwe wayeyokudla izifanekiselo zeSikhumbuzo aze afe. Ngakho, phambi kukaJehova uNkulunkulu nezwe, ayeyolumemezela ephindelela ukholo lwawo elungiselelweni likaNkulunkulu lomhlatshelo wesihlengo kaJesu.

8. Iqembu labagcotshiwe kwakufanele lisigcine kuze kube nini iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa?

⁸ Njengeqembu, amaKristu agcotshiwe ayeyosigcina kuze kube nini iSikhumbuzo sokufa kukaKristu? ‘Aze afike,’ kusho uPawulu, ngokusobala esho ukuthi sasiyoqhubeka sigcinwa kuze kufike uJesu ezokwamukela abalandeli bakhe abagcotshiwe abangenise ezulwini ngovuko phakathi ‘nokuba khona’ kwakhe. (1 Thesalonika 4:14-17) Lokhu kuyavumelana namazwi kaJesu kubaphostoli abathembekile abangu-11, athi: “Uma ngihamba nginilungisela indawo, ngiyobuye ngize futhi ngizonamukela ekhaya kimi, ukuze kuthi lapho ngikhona nani nibe khona.”—Johane 14:3.

9. Asho ukuthini amazwi kaJesu kuMarku 14:25?

 ⁹ Lapho uJesu emisa iSikhumbuzo, wakhuluma ngendebe yewayini wathi kubaphostoli bakhe abathembekile: “Angisoze ngiphinde futhi ngiphuze umkhiqizo womvini kuze kube yilolo suku lapho ngiwuphuza umusha embusweni kaNkulunkulu.” (Marku 14:25) Njengoba uJesu ayengeke aphuze iwayini elingokoqobo ezulwini, kusobala ukuthi wayekhuluma ngenjabulo eye ifanekiselwe yiwayini. (IHubo 104:15; UmShumayeli 10:19) Ukuba ndawonye nabalandeli bakhe eMbusweni kwakuyoba injabulo bonke ababeyilangazelela kakhulu.—Roma 8:23; 2 Korinte 5:2.

10. Kufanele sigcinwe kangaki iSikhumbuzo?

¹⁰ Ingabe ukufa kukaJesu kufanele kugujwe nyanga zonke, masonto onke, noma ngisho nsuku zonke? Cha. UJesu wamisa iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa futhi wabulawa ngosuku lwePhasika, elaligcinwa ‘njengesikhumbuzo’ sokukhululwa kuka-Israyeli ebugqilini baseGibhithe ngo-1513 B.C.E. (Eksodusi 12:14) IPhasika laligujwa kanye kuphela ngonyaka, ngosuku lwe-14 lwenyanga yesiJuda uNisani. (Eksodusi 12:1-6; Levitikusi 23:5) Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukufa kukaJesu kufanele kugujwe izikhathi ezingangezePhasika kuphela—minyaka yonke—hhayi nyanga zonke, masonto onke, noma nsuku zonke.

11, 12. Umlando uvezani ngokugujwa kweSikhumbuzo kwakuqala?

¹¹ Ngakho-ke, kuyafaneleka ukugcina iSikhumbuzo minyaka yonke ngoNisani 14. Enye incwadi ithi: “AmaKristu ase-Asia Minor ayebizwa ngokuthi amaQuartodeciman [oMhla ka-14] kususelwa enkambisweni yawo yokugubha i-pascha [iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa] njalo ngomhla ka-14 kuNisani . . . Lolu suku lwalungase luqondane noLwesihlanu noma nanoma iluphi usuku lwesonto.”—The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, UMqulu IV, ikhasi 44.

¹² Sikhuluma ngalo mkhuba wekhulu lesibili C.E., isazi-mlando uJ. L. von Mosheim sithi amaQuartodeciman ayegcina iSikhumbuzo ngoNisani 14 ngoba “ayebheka isibonelo sikaKristu njengesinegunya lomthetho.” Esinye isazi-mlando sithi: “Inqubo yamabandla amaQuartodeciman ase-Asia yayihambisana neyebandla laseJerusalema. Ekhulwini lesibili leminyaka, kuyiPascha yawo ngomhla ka-14 kuNisani la mabandla ayegubha ukuhlengwa okwenzeka ngokufa kukaKristu.”—Studia Patristica, UMqulu V, 1962, ikhasi 8.

Lokho Okushiwo Isinkwa

13. Sasinjani isinkwa uJesu asisebenzisa lapho emisa iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa?

¹³ Lapho uJesu emisa iSikhumbuzo, “wathatha isinkwa, wasibusisa, wasihlephula wabanika sona” abaphostoli. (Marku 14:22) Isinkwa esasikhona ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyileso esasisanda kusetshenziselwa iPhasika. (Eksodusi 13:6-10) Njengoba sasibhakwe ngaphandle kwemvubelo, sasiyisicaba sifohlozela, futhi kwakudingeka siqheshulwe ukuze sabiwe. Lapho uJesu andisela izinkulungwane isinkwa ngokuyisimangaliso, naso sasifohlozela, ngoba wasihlephula ukuze sabiwe. (Mathewu 14:19; 15:36) Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi ukuqheshulwa kwesinkwa seSikhumbuzo akunancazelo engokomoya.

14. (a) Kungani kufaneleka ukuba isinkwa seSikhumbuzo singabi namvubelo? (b) Hlobo luni lwesinkwa esingase sitholakale noma sibhakwe ukuze sisetshenziswe eSidlweni SeNkosi Sakusihlwa?

¹⁴ Mayelana nesinkwa esasetshenziswa lapho kumiswa iSikhumbuzo, uJesu wathi: “Lokhu kusho umzimba wami ngenxa yenu.” (1 Korinte 11:24; Marku 14:22) Ukungabi namvubelo kwesinkwa kwakufaneleka. Ngani? Ngoba imvubelo ingasho ukonakala, ububi, noma isono. (1 Korinte 5:6-8) Isinkwa sasimelela umzimba kaJesu wobuntu ophelele ongenasono, owawunikelwe njengomhlatshelo wesihlengo kufanelekile. (Hebheru 7:26; 10:5-10) OFakazi BakaJehova bayakukhumbula lokhu futhi balandela isibonelo esabekwa uJesu ngokusebenzisa isinkwa esingenamvubelo emikhosini yeSikhumbuzo. Kwezinye izimo, basebenzisa imiqathane yamaJuda (matzos) enganongiwe futhi engenazo izithako zokwenezela, ezinjengo-anyanisi noma amaqanda. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isinkwa esingenamvubelo singabhakwa  ngofulawa omncane (lapho kungenzeka khona, kube ukolweni) ohlanganiswe namanzana. Le nhlama kufanele yenziwe isicaba futhi ingase ibhakwe epanini elinamafushana ize ibe isinkwa esomile esifohlozelayo.

Lokho Okushiwo Iwayini

15. Kwakukhonani endebeni eyasetshenziswa lapho uKristu emisa iSikhumbuzo sokufa kwakhe?

¹⁵ Ngemva kokudlulisa isinkwa esingenamvubelo, uJesu wathatha indebe, “wabonga wabanika yona [abaphostoli], bonke baphuza kuyo.” UJesu wachaza: “Lokhu kusho ‘igazi’ lami ‘lesivumelwano,’ elizothululwa ngenxa yabaningi.” (Marku 14:23, 24) Kwakukhonani kule ndebe? Iwayini elibilile, hhayi ujusi wamagilebhisi ongabilile. Lapho imiBhalo ikhuluma ngewayini, ayisho ujusi wamagilebhisi ongabilile. Ngokwesibonelo, yiwayini elibilile elingaqhumisa ‘izingqalathi zewayini ezindala,’ njengoba kwasho uJesu, hhayi ujusi wamagilebhisi. Futhi izitha zikaKristu zamgxeka zathi ‘uthanda ukuphuza iwayini.’ Lokho kwakuyoba into engasho lutho ukube lelo wayini lalimane liwujusi wamagilebhisi. (Mathewu 9:17; 11:19) Emkhosini wePhasika kwakuphuzwa iwayini, futhi uKristu wasebenzisa lona lapho emisa iSikhumbuzo sokufa kwakhe.

16, 17. Hlobo luni lwewayini olufanelekayo emkhosini weSikhumbuzo, futhi ngani?

¹⁶ Yiwayini elibomvu kuphela elingumfanekiso ofanelekayo walokho okwakumelelwa uketshezi olwalusendebeni, igazi likaJesu elachitheka. Kwayena ngokwakhe wathi: “Lokhu kusho ‘igazi’ lami ‘lesivumelwano,’ elizothululwa ngenxa yabaningi.” Futhi umphostoli uPetru wabhala: “Niyazi [maKristu agcotshiwe] ukuthi anikhululwanga ngezinto ezonakalayo, ngesiliva noma ngegolide, ohlotsheni lwenu lokuziphatha olungenazithelo enalwamukela ngesiko kokhokho benu. Kodwa kwakungegazi eliyigugu, njengalelo lewundlu elingenasici nelingenabala, yebo likaKristu.”—1 Petru 1:18, 19.

¹⁷ Akungabazeki ukuthi lapho emisa iSikhumbuzo, uJesu wasebenzisa iwayini elibomvu lamagilebhisi. Nokho, amanye amawayini abomvu anamuhla awamukeleki ngoba axutshwe nogologo noma amakhambi nezinongo. Igazi likaJesu lalanele, lingadingi lutho ukuba lunezelwe kulo. Ngakho, amawayini anjenge-port, i-sherry ne-vermouth awafaneleki. Indebe yeSikhumbuzo kufanele ibe newayini elibomvu elingafakwanga shukela futhi elingaxutshwe nalutho. Kungase kusetshenziswe iwayini elibomvu lamagilebhisi elenziwe ekhaya langafakwa shukela, noma amawayini abomvu anjenge-burgundy ne-claret.

18. Kungani uJesu engazange enze isimangaliso ngesinkwa newayini leSikhumbuzo?

¹⁸ Lapho emisa lesi sidlo, uJesu akenzanga simangaliso, ashintshe izifanekiselo zibe inyama negazi lakhe okungokoqobo. Ukudla inyama yomuntu nokuphuza igazi kwakuyoba ubuzimu, kwephule umthetho kaNkulunkulu. (Genesise 9:3, 4; Levitikusi 17:10) Umzimba kaJesu wenyama negazi lakhe kwakusaphelele. Umzimba wakhe wanikelwa njengomhlatshelo ophelele, futhi igazi lakhe lathululwa ngakusasa ntambama, okwakusewusuku olufanayo ngokwesiJuda, uNisani 14. Ngakho-ke, isinkwa seSikhumbuzo newayini kufanekisela okuthile, inyama negazi likaKristu. *

 ISikhumbuzo—Isidlo Senhlanganyelo

19. Kungani kungase kusetshenziswe ipuleti nendebe okungaphezu kokukodwa emkhosini weSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa?

¹⁹ Lapho emisa iSikhumbuzo, uJesu wathi abaphostoli bakhe abathembekile mabaphuze endebeni eyodwa. IVangeli likaMathewu lithi: “[UJesu] wathatha nendebe, esebongile, wabanika yona, wathi: ‘Phuzani kuyo, nonke.’” (Mathewu 26:27) Ukusebenzisa ‘indebe’ eyodwa, hhayi eziningi, kwakungeyona inkinga ngoba ngaleso sikhathi babengu-11 kuphela abadlayo, ngokusobala ababehlezi etafuleni elilodwa futhi kulula ukudluliselana leyo ndebe. Kulo nyaka, izigidi zizobuthanela iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa emabandleni angaphezu kuka-94 000 oFakazi BakaJehova emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba bebaningi kangaka abayobuthanela lo mkhosi ngobusuku obubodwa, akunakusetshenziswa indebe eyodwa kubo bonke. Kodwa emabandleni amakhulu isimiso siyagcinwa ngokusebenzisa izindebe eziningana ukuze zikwazi ukudluliswa ezethamelini ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngokufanayo, kungase kusetshenziswe amapuleti esinkwa angaphezu kwelilodwa. Akukho lutho emiBhalweni olubonisa ukuthi indebe noma ingilazi kufanele kube ngeyakhiwe ngendlela ethile. Nokho, indebe nepuleti kufanele kubonise isizotha salesi senzakalo. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukugwema ukugcwalisa indebe kangangokuthi iwayini libe sengozini yokuchitheka lapho lidluliswa.

20, 21. Kungani singase sithi iSikhumbuzo siyisidlo senhlanganyelo?

²⁰ Nakuba kungase kusetshenziswe ipuleti lesinkwa nendebe yewayini okungaphezu kokukodwa, iSikhumbuzo siyisidlo senhlanganyelo. Kwa-Israyeli wasendulo, umuntu wayengenza isidlo senhlanganyelo ngokuletha isilwane endlini engcwele kaNkulunkulu, lapho sasihlatshwa khona. Ingxenye yenyama yayishiswa e-altare, enye iye kumpristi owengamele, enye iye emadodaneni ka-Aroni angabapristi, onikelayo nomkhaya wakhe nabo behlanganyela esidlweni. (Levitikusi 3:1-16; 7:28-36) ISikhumbuzo naso siyisidlo senhlanganyelo ngoba sihilela ukuhlanganyela ndawonye.

²¹ UJehova uhilelekile kulesi sidlo senhlanganyelo njengoMsunguli waleli lungiselelo. UJesu ungumhlatshelo, kanti amaKristu agcotshiwe wona adla izifanekiselo njengabahlanganyeli. Ukudla etafuleni likaJehova kubonisa ukuthi abahlanganyeli banokuthula naye. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, uPawulu wabhala: “Indebe yesibusiso esiyibusisayo, ayikona yini ukuhlanganyela egazini likaKristu? Isinkwa esisihlephulayo, asikona yini ukuhlanganyela emzimbeni kaKristu? Ngenxa yokuthi isinkwa sinye, nathi, nakuba sibaningi, siwumzimba owodwa, ngoba sonke sidla leso sinkwa esisodwa.”—1 Korinte 10:16, 17.

22. Yimiphi imibuzo okusadingeka siyihlole mayelana neSikhumbuzo?

²² ISidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa siwukuphela komkhosi wenkolo waminyaka yonke ogcinwa oFakazi BakaJehova. Lokhu kuyafaneleka ngoba uJesu wayala abalandeli bakhe wathi: “Qhubekani nikwenza lokhu ningikhumbula.” ESikhumbuzweni, sigubha ukufa kukaJesu, ukufa okwasekela ubukhosi bukaJehova. Njengoba siphawulile, kulesi sidlo senhlanganyelo, isinkwa simelela umzimba wobuntu kaKristu ongumhlatshelo, iwayini limelele igazi lakhe elachitheka. Nokho, bambalwa kakhulu abadla izifanekiselo eziyisinkwa newayini. Kungani kunjalo? Ingabe iSikhumbuzo sisho okuthile ezigidini ezingadli kuso? Empeleni, kufanele sisho ukuthini kuwe iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa?

[Umbhalo waphansi]

Zithini Izimpendulo Zakho?

• Kungani uJesu amisa iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa?

• ISikhumbuzo kufanele sigcinwe kangaki?

• Isinkwa esingenamvubelo seSikhumbuzo simelelani?

• Iwayini leSikhumbuzo limelelani?

[Imibuzo Yesifundo]

[Isithombe ekhasini 15]

UJesu wamisa iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa