Ukuphila Kwasekamu Lababaleki

KUFIKANI engqondweni yakho uma uzwa amazwi athi “ikamu lababaleki”? Likhona owake waya kulo? Linjani nje ngempela ikamu lababaleki?

Ngesikhathi sokubhalwa kwalesi sihloko, kwakunamakamu ababaleki angu-13 engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeTanzania. Bexoshwa izimpi zombango, ababaleki abangaba ngu-500 000 abavela kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika babesizwa uhulumeni waseTanzania ubambisene ne-United Nations High Commissioner of Refugees (UNHCR). Kunjani ukuphila kwasekamu?

Ukufika Ekamu

Intombazane okuthiwa uKandida iyachaza ukuthi kwenzekani ngesikhathi yona nomkhaya wakubo befika ekamu lababaleki eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule: “Sanikezwa ikhadi lokuthola ukudla elinenombolo, umkhaya wakithi wahlaliswa ekamu laseNyarugusu. Sanikezwa inombolo yesiqinti sendawo nenombolo yomgwaqo. Sakhonjiswa lapho singagawula khona imithi sithole notshani bokwakha indlwana yakithi. Sakha izitini zodaka. I-UNHCR yasinika useyili esemboza ngawo uphahla. Kwakuwumsebenzi onzima, kodwa sajabula lapho isiphelile indlu yakithi engeyona inkimbinkimbi.”

Ikhadi lokuthola ukudla lisetshenziswa njalo ngoLwesithathu, kweqiswe isonto. “Yiqiniso, sihlaba ujenga enkantini uma siyolanda ukudla okuyisisekelo okwabiwa yi-UNHCR,” kuqhubeka uKandida.

Umuntu oyedwa udlani nsuku zonke?

“Ngamunye wethu uthola cishe izinkomishi ezintathu zempuphu, nenkomishi eyodwa kaphizi, amagremu angu-20 empuphu kabhontshisi, izipuni ezimbili zamafutha, namagremu angu-10 kasawoti. Ngesinye isikhathi sithola iqhezu lensipho, okufanele lihlale inyanga yonke.”

Kuthiwani ngamanzi ahlanzekile? Ayatholakala? Owesifazane osemusha okuthiwa uRiziki uthi: “Yebo, amanzi adonswa ngamapayipi emifuleni eseduze ayiswe emathangini amakhulu. Afakwa i-chlorine ngaphambi kokuba  ampontshelwe ezindaweni akhiwa kuzo ekamu ngalinye. Noma kunjalo sizama ukuwabilisa amanzi ngaphambi kokuba siwaphuze ukuze singaguli. Ngokuvamile siba matasa kusukela ekuseni kuze kube kusihlwa sikha amanzi siwasha nezingubo lapho kukhiwa khona amanzi. Sivunyelwe ukukha ibhakede elilodwa nohhafu kuphela lamanzi ngelanga.”

Uma ungathi ukuhamba ngemoto kwelinye lamakamu, ungase ubone izinkulisa, izikole zemfundo ephansi nezemfundo ephakathi. Ungase ubone nesikhungo semfundo yabadala. Ngaphandle nje kwekamu kukhona isiteshi samaphoyisa nehhovisi likahulumeni okuqinisekisa ukuthi kulondekile futhi kuphephile ekamu. Ungase ubone imakethe enkulu enezitolo eziningi ezincane lapho ababaleki bethola khona izilimo, izithelo, izinhlanzi, izinkukhu, nokunye ukudla okuyisisekelo. Abanye abantu bendawo beza kule makethe bezothengisa. Kodwa ababaleki bayithathaphi imali yokuthenga? Abanye banezingadi ezincane abatshala kuzo izilimo bese bezithengisa emakethe. Abanye bathengisa ingxenye kaphawini wabo kafulawa noma kaphizi, ukuze bathole inyama encane noma izithelo. Eqinisweni ungathi akulona ikamu, kunalokho indawo evamile yokuhlala enkulu. Kuyinto evamile ukubona abanye emakethe behleka, kumnandi, njengoba nje bekungaba njalo ezweni lakubo.

Uma ungathi ukuma esibhedlela, omunye wodokotela angakutshela ukuthi kukhona imithola-mpilo eminingana lapha ekamu okwelashwa kuyo abangaguli kakhulu; kanti  abasesimweni esibucayi nabagula kakhulu bathunyelwa esibhedlela. Ungabona ukuthi kungani umnyango wabakhulelwe negumbi lokubelethisa esibhedlela kubalulekile, uma ucabangela ukuthi ekamu elinababaleki abangu-48 000, kungazalwa izingane ezingu-250 ngenyanga.

Bondliwa Kahle Ngokomoya

Kungenzeka ukuthi oFakazi BakaJehova emhlabeni wonke bayazibuza ngabafowabo abangokomoya abahlala emakamu aseTanzania. Sebebonke bangaba ngu-1 200, bahlelwe baba amabandla angu-14 namaqembu amathathu. Baqhuba kanjani?

Phakathi kwezinto zokuqala la maKristu azinikele azenza lapho efika emakamu kwaba ukucela isiqephu sendawo azokwakha kuyo iHholo LoMbuso. Lokhu kwakuzosiza abanye ababaleki ukuba bazi lapho bengabathola khona oFakazi nalapho bengaya khona uma befuna ukuya emihlanganweni yabo yamasonto onke. Ekamu laseLugufu, kunamabandla angu-7, anabamemezeli abashisekayo abangu-659. Inani lababa khona kuwo wonke la mabandla angu-7 emihlanganweni yawo yangeSonto livame ukuba ngu-1 700.

OFakazi kuwo wonke amakamu bayazuza nasemihlanganweni yobuKristu emikhulu nemincane. Emhlanganweni wesigodi wokuqala owaqhutshwa ekamu laseLugufu, kwaba khona abangu-2 363. OFakazi babakhe ichibi lokubhapathiza ngaphandle nje kwendawo yomhlangano. Laliwumgodi ombiwe phansi, owendlalwe useyili nxazonke, ukuze ubambe amanzi. Abazalwane bathutha amanzi ngebhayisekili emfuleni oqhele ngamakhilomitha athi awabe mabili. Njengoba babethwala amalitha angu-20 isikhathi ngasinye, lokho kwasho ukuthi kudingeka bawathuthe bephindelela. Ababezobhapathizwa, begqoke izingubo ezinesizotha, bashaya uklele beyobhapathizwa. Sebebonke, bangu-56 abhapathizwa ngokucwiliswa ngokuphelele. Omunye oyisikhonzi sesikhathi esigcwele okwaxoxwa naye kulo mhlangano walandisa ukuthi wayeqhube izifundo zeBhayibheli nabantu abangu-40. Abane kulabo ayebafundisa babhapathizwa kulowo mhlangano.

 Ihhovisi legatsha loFakazi BakaJehova lahlela ukuba ababonisi abajikelezayo bawahambele njalo amakamu. Omunye wabo uthi: “Abafowethu bakhuthele enkonzweni. Banensimu enkulu abangashumayela kuyo, futhi kwelinye ibandla uFakazi ngamunye ushumayela amahora angaba ngu-34 ngenyanga. Abaningi baqhuba izifundo zeBhayibheli ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu nabantu abathakazelayo. Elinye iphayona [isikhonzi sesikhathi esigcwele] lathi ayikho insimu engcono kwenye indawo. Abantu abasemakamu bayazazisa kakhulu izincwadi zethu.”

Zifika kanjani izincwadi zeBhayibheli emakamu? Igatsha lizithumela eKigoma ngesitimela, idolobha elisogwini olusempumalanga yeLake Tanganyika. Abazalwane bazithola lapho izincwadi bese behlela ukuzithumela emabandleni. Ngezinye izikhathi baqasha iloli baziyise bona izincwadi kuwo wonke amakamu. Lokhu kuthatha izinsuku ezintathu noma ezine ngenxa yemigwaqo emibi.

Usizo Olungokwenyama

OFakazi BakaJehova eFrance, eBelgium naseSwitzerland yibo ngokukhethekile ababe nesandla ekusizeni ababaleki kula makamu. Abanye baye bavakashela amakamu aseTanzania, ngemvume ye-Ministry of Home Affairs ne-UNHCR. OFakazi baseYurophu baye baqoqa inqwaba yobisi lukabhontshisi, izingubo, izicathulo, izincwadi zesikole nensipho. Lezi zinto ziqoqelwe ukwabela bonke ababaleki, ngokuvumelana nesimiso seBhayibheli, esithi: “Uma nje sinesikhathi esihle sakho, masenze okuhle kubo bonke, kodwa ikakhulukazi kulabo abahlobene nathi okholweni.”—Galathiya 6:10.

Le mizamo yokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle ibe nemiphumela emihle kakhulu, ngoba isize ababaleki abaningi. IKomiti Lomphakathi Wababaleki kwelinye lamakamu labonga ngala mazwi: “Egameni lomphakathi wethu wonke, siyajabula ukunibonga ngezenzo zokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle inhlangano yenu ezenzile izikhathi ezintathu . . . Izingubo zisize abantu abahlubule abangu-12 654, amadoda, abesifazane, abantwana nezinsana. . . Kumanje ababaleki abasekamu laseMuyovozi bangu-37 000. Sebebonke abantu abasiziwe bangu-12 654, noma amaphesenti angu-34,2 abantu abakhona.”

Kwelinye ikamu, ngamunye kubabaleki abangu-12 382 wanikezwa izingubo zokugqoka ezintathu, elinye ikamu lanikezwa izinkulungwane zezincwadi zasesikoleni esiphakathi nesiphansi nezasezinkulisa. Isikhulu se-UNHCR sohlelo lokusizwa kwababaleki kwenye indawo sathi: “Siyabonga kakhulu ngeminikelo esiyitholile [ehlangabezana] nezidingo ezinkulu zababaleki abasemakamu. Muva nje sithole ama-container amahlanu ezincwadi, ababheki bomphakathi abawabele ababaleki. . . . Siyabonga kakhulu.”

Ngisho namaphephandaba endawo akhuluma ngalolu sizo. Isihloko esikhulu se-Sunday News ka-May 20, 2001, sasithi: “Ziyeza Izingubo Zababaleki AbaseTanzania.” Uhlelo lwayo luka-February 10, 2002 lwathi: “Umphakathi wababaleki uyawazisa lo mnikelo ngoba ezinye izingane ebesezisiyekile isikole ngoba zihlubule, seziya njalo futhi esikoleni.”

Baminyene Kodwa Banayo Indlela Yokuphuma

Abaningi kubabaleki kubathatha cishe unyaka ukujwayela indlela yokuphila kwasekamu. Ukuphila kwabo kulula. OFakazi BakaJehova kula makamu basebenzisa esiningi sesikhathi sabo betshela ababaleki abangomakhelwane babo izindaba ezinhle eziduduzayo ezivela eZwini LikaNkulunkulu, iBhayibheli. Bakhuluma ngezwe elisha, lapho bonke ‘beyokhanda izinkemba zabo zibe ngamageja nemikhonto yabo ibe ngocelemba. Ngeke baphakamise inkemba, isizwe simelane nesizwe, futhi ngeke besayifunda impi.’ Ngaleso sikhathi bonke abantu “bayohlala, kube yilowo nalowo phansi komvini wakhe naphansi komkhiwane wakhe, ngeke kube khona obenza bathuthumele; ngoba wona kanye umlomo kaJehova wamabutho ukhulumile.” Kusobala ukuthi ngesibusiso sikaNkulunkulu leli kuyoba yizwe elingenawo amakamu ababaleki.—Mika 4:3, 4; IHubo 46:9.

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Izindlu ekamu laseNduta

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IHholo LoMbuso LaseLukole (kwesokudla) Ubhapathizo eLugufu (ngezansi)

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Umhlangano wesigodi ekamu laseLugufu