Vumela Ukuqondiswa NguNkulunkulu Ophilayo

“[Phendukelani] kuNkulunkulu ophilayo, owenza izulu nomhlaba nolwandle nakho konke okukukho.”—IZENZO 14:15.

1, 2. Kungani kufaneleka ukuqaphela uJehova ‘njengoNkulunkulu ophilayo’?

NGEMVA kokuba umphostoli uPawulu noBarnaba bephulukise indoda ethile, uPawulu waqinisekisa ababebukele eListra: “Nathi singabantu abanobuthakathaka obufanayo nobenu, futhi simemezela kini izindaba ezinhle, ukuba niphenduke kulezi zinto eziyize niphendukele kuNkulunkulu ophilayo, owenza izulu nomhlaba nolwandle nakho konke okukukho.”—IzEnzo 14:15.

² Yeka indlela okuyiqiniso ngayo ukuthi uJehova akasona isithombe esingaphili kodwa “unguNkulunkulu ophilayo”! (Jeremiya 10:10; 1 Thesalonika 1:9, 10) Ngaphezu kokuthi yena ngokwakhe uyaphila, uJehova unguMthombo wokuphila kwethu. “Yena ngokwakhe unika bonke abantu ukuphila nomoya nazo zonke izinto.” (IzEnzo 17:25) Unesithakazelo ekujabuleleni kwethu ukuphila, okwamanje nokwesikhathi esizayo. UPawulu wanezela ukuthi uNkulunkulu “[akazishiyanga] engenabufakazi ngoba wenza okuhle, eninika izimvula ezivela ezulwini nezinkathi ezinezithelo, egcwalisa izinhliziyo zenu ngokudla nangokwenama okukhulu.”—IzEnzo 14:17.

3. Kungani singasethemba isiqondiso esinikezwa nguNkulunkulu?

³ Ukuba nesithakazelo kukaNkulunkulu ekuphileni kwethu kusinika isizathu sokusethemba isiqondiso sakhe. (IHubo 147:8; Mathewu 5:45) Lapho bethola isiqondiso seBhayibheli abangasiqondi noma esibonakala sibabekela imingcele, abanye bangase basingabaze. Nokho, kuye kwabonakala ukuthi ukusethemba isiqondiso sikaJehova kuwukuhlakanipha. Ngokwesibonelo: Ngisho noma umIsrayeli ayengawuqondi umthetho onqabela ukuthinta isidumbu, ukuwulalela kwakumzuzisa.  Okokuqala, ukulalela kwakhe kwakuyomsondeza eduze noNkulunkulu ophilayo; okwesibili, kwakuyomsiza agweme izifo.—Levitikusi 5:2; 11:24.

4, 5. (a) Ngaphambi kwenkathi yobuKristu, uJehova wanikeza siphi isiqondiso mayelana negazi? (b) Sazi kanjani ukuthi isiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu ngegazi sihlanganisa namaKristu?

⁴ Kungokufanayo ngesiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu mayelana negazi. Watshela uNowa ukuthi abantu akufanele balidle igazi. EMthethweni, uNkulunkulu wabe eseveza ukuthi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokusebenzisa igazi ayeyivumela kwakuyilapho lisetshenziswa e-altare—ukuze kuthethelelwe izono. Ngalezo ziqondiso, uNkulunkulu wayebeka isisekelo sokusetshenziswa okuvelele kwegazi—ukusindiswa kokuphila ngesihlengo sikaJesu. (Hebheru 9:14) Yebo, uNkulunkulu wanikeza lesi siqondiso ngoba ekhathalela ukuphila nenhlalakahle yethu. Sikhuluma ngoGenesise 9:4, isazi seBhayibheli sekhulu le-19, u-Adam Clarke, sabhala: “AmaKristu asempumalanga asawugcina ngokucophelela lo myalo [owashiwo kuNowa] . . . Ngaphansi komthetho igazi lalingadliwa neze, ngoba lalikhomba egazini elalizochithwa ngenxa yesono sezwe; futhi eVangelini akufanele lidliwe, ngoba kufanele njalo libhekwe njengelimelela igazi elachithwa ukuze kuthethelelwe izono.”

⁵ Lesi sazi kungenzeka sasibhekisela evangelini eliyisisekelo, noma izindaba ezinhle, ezigxile kuJesu. Zihlanganisa ukuthumela kukaNkulunkulu iNdodana yakhe ukuba izosifela, ithulule igazi layo ukuze sikwazi ukuthola ukuphila okuphakade. (Mathewu 20:28; Johane 3:16; Roma 5:8, 9) Amazwi alesi sazi ahlanganisa nomyalo wakamuva wokuba abalandeli bakaKristu badede egazini.

6. Iziphi iziqondiso ezanikwa amaKristu mayelana negazi, futhi ngani?

⁶ Uyazi ukuthi uNkulunkulu wanika ama-Israyeli imithetho engamakhulu. Ngemva kokufa kukaJesu, abafundi bakhe babengabophekile ukugcina yonke leyo mithetho. (Roma 7:4, 6; Kolose 2:13, 14, 17; Hebheru 8:6, 13) Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaphakama umbuzo ngesibopho esisodwa esibalulekile—ukusoka kwabesilisa. Ingabe abangewona amaJuda ababefuna ukuzuza egazini likaKristu kwakuzodingeka basoke, babonise ukuthi basengaphansi koMthetho? Ngo-49 C.E., indikimba ebusayo yamaKristu yasingatha lolo daba. (IzEnzo, isahluko 15) Besizwa umoya kaNkulunkulu, abaphostoli namadoda amadala baphetha ngokuthi ukusoka okuyisibopho kwaphela kanye noMthetho. Noma kunjalo, kwakunezimfuneko ezithile zikaNkulunkulu ezazisasebenza kumaKristu. Encwadini eya emabandleni, indikimba ebusayo yabhala: “Umoya ongcwele nathi ngokwethu sikubone kukuhle ukunganezeli omunye umthwalo osindayo kini, ngaphandle kwalezi zinto ezidingekile, ukuba niqhubeke nideda ezintweni ezihlatshelwe izithombe nasegazini nasezintweni eziklinyiwe nasebufebeni. Uma nizigcina ngokucophelela kulezi zinto, niyochuma.”—IzEnzo 15:28, 29.

7. Kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba amaKristu ‘adede egazini’?

⁷ Kusobala ukuthi indikimba ebusayo yayibheka ‘ukudeda egazini’ njengesici sokuziphatha esibaluleke njengokudeda ekuziphatheni okubi kobulili noma ekukhulekeleni izithombe. Lokhu kufakazela ukuthi umyalo ovimbela ukusebenzisa igazi uyindaba engathí sina. AmaKristu akhonza izithombe noma aziphatha kabi ngokobulili futhi engaphenduki ngeke “alizuze ifa lombuso kaNkulunkulu”; ‘isabelo sawo siyoba ukufa kwesibili.’ (1 Korinte 6:9, 10; IsAmbulo 21:8; 22:15) Phawula umehluko: Ukungasinaki isiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu mayelana nobungcwele begazi kungaphumela ekufeni kwaphakade. Ukubonisa  inhlonipho ngomhlatshelo kaJesu kungaholela ekuphileni okuphakade.

8. Yini ebonisa ukuthi amaKristu okuqala ayesithatha ngokungathí sina isiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu mayelana negazi?

⁸ AmaKristu okuqala ayesiqonda kanjani isiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu ngegazi futhi asilalela kanjani? Khumbula amazwi kaClarke: “EVangelini akufanele lidliwe, ngoba kufanele njalo libhekwe njengelimelela igazi elachithwa ukuze kuthethelelwe izono.” Umlando ufakazela ukuthi amaKristu okuqala ayekubheka njengendaba engathí sina lokhu. UTertullian wabhala: “Cabanga ngalabo okuthi ngesifiso sokuhaha, embukisweni enkundleni yezemidlalo, bathathe igazi elisashisa lezigelekeqe ezikhohlakele . . . bahambe nalo bayokwelapha isithuthwane sabo.” Ngokungafani namaqaba ayelidla igazi, uTertullian uthi amaKristu “awabi ngisho nanegazi lezilwane ezidlweni [zawo] . . . Lapho niwavivinya amaKristu, niwanika amasoseji agcwele igazi. Niyazi kakade ukuthi . . . kuphambene nomthetho kuwo.” Yebo, naphezu kokusongelwa ngokufa, amaKristu ayengalidli igazi. Isiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu sasibaluleke kangako kuwo.

9. Yini enye eyayihilelekile ekudedeni egazini ngaphandle ngokungalidli ngokuqondile?

⁹ Abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi indikimba ebusayo yayimane isho ukuthi amaKristu akumelwe alidle noma aliphuze ngokuqondile igazi nokuthi akumelwe adle inyama engophanga noma ukudla okuxutshwe negazi. Yiqiniso, yilokho okokuqala okwakushiwo umyalo kaNkulunkulu kuNowa. Futhi umyalo wabaphostoli washo kumaKristu ukuthi kufanele ‘azigcine kokuklinyiwe,’ okuyinyama enegazi. (Genesise 9:3, 4; IzEnzo 21:25) Nokho, amaKristu okuqala ayazi ukuthi kunokwengeziwe okuhilelekile. Ngezinye izikhathi igazi lalidliwa ngezizathu zezokwelapha. UTertullian wathi amanye amaqaba ayephuza igazi elisashisa ezama ukwelapha isithuthwane. Futhi kungenzeka igazi lalisetshenziswa nangezinye izindlela ukuze kwelashwe izifo noma kuthiwe kuthuthukiswa impilo. Ngakho, kumaKristu, ukugwema igazi kwakuhlanganisa nokungalidli ngenxa yezizathu “zezokwelapha.” Alondoloza ukuma kwawo ngisho noma kwakubeka ukuphila kwawo engozini.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwegazi Ekwelapheni

10. Iziphi ezinye zezindlela igazi elisetshenziswa ngazo ekwelapheni, okuphakamisa muphi umbuzo?

¹⁰ Ukusetshenziswa kwegazi ekwelapheni kuvamile manje. Kudala, igazi lalimpontshelwa njengoba linjalo—lalikhishwa kumthekelisi, ligcinwe, bese lifakwa esigulini, mhlawumbe esasilimale empini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abacwaningi bafunda ukuhlukanisa igazi ngezingxenye zalo eziyinhloko. Ngokumpompela izingxenye ezithile, odokotela base bekwazi ukulihlukanisela iziguli ezengeziwe igazi elithekelisiwe, mhlawumbe umuntu othile olimele athole i-plasma omunye athole amangqamuzana abomvu. Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo lwabonisa ukuthi ingxenye yegazi, njenge-plasma, ingahlungwa kukhishwe izingxenyana eziningana, ezinganikwa ezinye futhi iziguli. Imizamo enjengalena iyaqhubeka, futhi kubikwa izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa izingxenyana zegazi. UmKristu kufanele enze njani? Yena unqume ngokuqinile ukungalokothi avume ukumpontshelwa igazi, kodwa udokotela wakhe uyamcindezela ukuba amukele ingxenye eyodwa eyinhloko yegazi, mhlawumbe amangqamuzana abomvu aqoqiwe. Noma, ukwelashwa kungase kuhilele ukusetshenziswa kwengxenyana encane eyodwa ekhishwe engxenyeni eyinhloko. Inceku kaNkulunkulu inganquma kanjani ezimweni ezinjena, ikhumbula ukuthi igazi lingcwele nokuthi yigazi likaKristu elisindisa ukuphila ngomqondo oyinhloko?

11. Imuphi umbono onembile ngokwezokwelapha oFakazi asebenesikhathi eside benawo ngegazi?

¹¹ Sekungamashumi eminyaka oFakazi BakaJehova bakwenza kwacaca ukuma kwabo. Ngokwesibonelo, babhala isihloko esanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of the American Medical Association (ka-November 27, 1981; saphinde sanyatheliswa kwethi Igazi Lingakusindisa Kanjani Ukuphila Kwakho? emakhasini 27-9). * Leso sihloko sacaphuna kuGenesise, kuLevitikusi, nakuzEnzo. Sathi: “Nakuba la mavesi engazange ashiwo kukhulunywa ngezokwelapha, oFakazi bawabheka njengavimbela ukumpontshelwa kwegazi  njengoba linjalo, ama-RBC [amangqamuzana abomvu egazi] aqoqiwe, ne-plasma, kuhlanganise nokufakwa kwama-WBC [amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi] nezinhlayiya zegazi [ama-platelet].” Incwadi ethi Emergency Care ka-2001, ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi “Composition of the Blood [Ukwakheka Kwegazi],” yathi: “Igazi lakhiwe izingxenye eziningana: i-plasma, amangqamuzana abomvu namhlophe, nama-platelet.” Ngakho, ngokuvumelana namaqiniso ezokwelapha, oFakazi bayakwenqaba ukumpontshelwa igazi njengoba linjalo noma enye yezingxenye zalo ezine eziyinhloko.

12. (a) Ikuphi ukuma okuye kwachazwa mayelana nezingxenyana ezikhishwe ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko zegazi? (b) Kungatholakalaphi ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngale ndaba?

¹² Leso sihloko sezokwelapha saqhubeka: “Ukuqonda koFakazi okungokwenkolo akukunqabeli ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa [kwezingxenyana] ezinjenge-albumin, ama-globulin agoma umzimba ezifweni, nemithi yesifo se-hemophilia; uFakazi ngamunye kumelwe anqume ngokomuntu siqu ukuthi angazemukela yini lezi zinto.” Kusukela ngo-1981, kuye kwatholakala izingxenyana eziningi (izakhi ezincane ezihlungwe kwenye yezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko) ezingase zisetshenziswe. Ngakho, INqabayokulinda ka-June 15, 2000, yanikeza ukwaziswa okuwusizo kule ndaba esihlokweni esithi “Imibuzo Evela Kubafundi.” Ukuze nezigidi zabafundi bamanje zizuze, impendulo iphindé yanyatheliswa emakhasini 29-31 alo magazini. Inikeza imininingwane namaphuzu anengqondo, nokho uzobona ukuthi lokho ekushoyo kuyavumelana nemiqondo eyisisekelo eyashiwo ngo-1981.

Indima Kanembeza Wakho

13, 14. (a) Uyini unembeza, futhi usebenza kanjani endabeni yegazi? (b) Isiphi isiqondiso uNkulunkulu asinika amaIsrayeli mayelana nokudla inyama, kodwa imiphi imibuzo eyayingase iphakame?

¹³ Ukwaziswa okunjalo kwenza kudingeke umuntu asebenzise unembeza. Ngani? AmaKristu ayavuma ukuthi kudingeka kulandelwe isiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu, kodwa ezimweni ezithile kumelwe umuntu azinqumele yena, futhi kusebenza unembeza. Unembeza yikhono umuntu azalwa nalo lokuhlaziya izinto anqume, ngokuvamile ezindabeni zokuziphatha. (Roma 2:14, 15) Nokho, uyazi ukuthi onembeza abafani. * IBhayibheli lithi abanye ‘banonembeza ababuthakathaka,’ okusikisela ukuthi onembeza babanye banamandla. (1 Korinte 8:12) AmaKristu ayashiyana ngamazinga asethuthuke ngawo ekufundeni lokho uNkulunkulu akushoyo, ekuqapheleni ukucabanga kwakhe, nasekusebenziseni lokhu ezinqumweni zawo. Lokhu singakufanekisa ngamaJuda nokudla inyama.

¹⁴ IBhayibheli likwenza kucace ukuthi umuntu  olalela uNkulunkulu akanakuyidla inyama engophanga. Lokho kwakubaluleke kangangokuthi ngisho nasesimweni esiphuthumayo lapho amasosha ama-Israyeli edla inyama engophiswanga, aba necala lokona okungathí sina, noma isono. (Duteronomi 12:15, 16; 1 Samuweli 14:31-35) Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka kwaphakama imibuzo ethile. Lapho umIsrayeli ebulele imvu, kwakudingeka ayophise ngokushesha kangakanani? Ingabe kwakudingeka ukuba inqunywe uqhoqhoqho ukuze liphume igazi? Kwakudingeka yini ukuba imvu ayilengise ngemilenze yangemuva? Ayilengise isikhathi eside kangakanani? Wayeyokwenze njani uma kuyinkomo enkulu? Ngisho nangemva kokuyophisa, inyama yayingase isale inegazi elithile. Wayengayidla inyama enjalo? Kwakuyonquma bani?

15. Amanye amaJuda asabela kanjani endabeni yokudla inyama, kodwa yini uNkulunkulu ayiyala?

¹⁵ Cabanga ngomJuda oshisekayo owayebhekene nemibuzo enjalo. Wayengase abone kungcono kakhulu ukuba agweme ukudla inyama ethengiswa emakethe, njengoba omunye ayengase ayigweme inyama okungenzeka yayike yanikelwa esithombeni. Kungenzeka amanye amaJuda inyama ayeyidla kuphela ngemva kokulandela amasiko athile okuyikhipha igazi. * (Mathewu 23:23, 24) Ucabangani ngalezo zindlela ezingafani zokubheka isimo? Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba uNkulunkulu ayengafunanga kwenziwe kanjalo, ingabe kwakuyoba ngcono ukuba amaJuda athumele inqwaba yemibuzo emkhandlwini worabi ukuze athole isinqumo embuzweni ngamunye? Nakuba lowo mkhuba waba khona ebuJudeni, siyajabula ngokuthi uJehova akaqondisanga abakhulekeli beqiniso ukuba bazifune ngaleyo ndlela izinqumo mayelana negazi. UNkulunkulu wanikeza isiqondiso esiyisisekelo ekuhlabeni izilwane ezihlanzekile nasekuzophiseni, kodwa akadlulanga lapho.—Johane 8:32.

16. Kungani amaKristu engase abe nemibono engafani ngokwamukela umjovo wengxenyana encane yengxenye eyinhloko yegazi?

¹⁶ Njengoba kushiwo ezigabeni 11 no-12, oFakazi BakaJehova abavumi ukumpontshelwa igazi njengoba linjalo noma izingxenye zalo ezine eziyinhloko—i-plasma, amangqamuzana abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe, nama-platelet. Kuthiwani ngezingxenyana ezincane ezikhishwe engxenyeni ethile eyinhloko, njengama-serum anamasosha omzimba alwa nezifo noma alwa nesihlungu senyoka? (Bheka ikhasi 30, isigaba 4.) Abanye baye baphetha ngokuthi izingxenyana ezincane ezinjalo empeleni zisuke zingaselona igazi futhi ngenxa yalokho azihlanganisiwe emyalweni ‘wokudeda egazini.’ (IzEnzo 15:29; 21:25; ikhasi 31, isigaba 1) Umthwalo wemfanelo wabo lowo. Onembeza babanye babashukumisela ukuba benqabe yonke into ethathwe egazini (lesilwane noma lomuntu), ngisho nengxenyana encane yengxenye eyodwa eyinhloko. *  Kanti futhi abanye bangase bayamukele imijovo yamaprotheni e-plasma alwa nezifo noma aqeda isihlungu senyoka, kodwa bazenqabe ezinye izingxenyana ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imikhiqizo ethathwe kwenye yezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko ingase isebenze ngendlela efana kakhulu naleyo ngxenye eyinhloko futhi ibe nendima esindisa ukuphila emzimbeni kangangokuthi iningi lamaKristu liyithole ingamukeleki.

17. (a) Unembeza wethu ungasisiza kanjani ekuxazululeni imibuzo ephathelene nezingxenyana zegazi? (b) Kungani ukwenza isinqumo kule ndaba kuyinto engathí esina kangaka?

¹⁷ Lokho iBhayibheli elikushoyo ngonembeza kuyasiza lapho senza izinqumo ezinjalo. Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuthola ukuthi iZwi likaNkulunkulu lithini nokuzama ukulolonga unembeza wakho ngalo. Lokho kuyokuhlomisela ukuba unqume ngokuvumelana nesiqondiso sikaNkulunkulu kunokuba ucele omunye umuntu ukuba akunqumele. (IHubo 25:4, 5) Mayelana nokwamukela izingxenyana zegazi, abanye baye bacabanga, ‘Lena indaba kanembeza, ngakho ayisho lutho.’ Ukucabanga kanjalo kuyiphutha. Ukuthi into iyindaba kanembeza akusho ukuthi ayibalulekile. Ingaba yinto engathí sina kakhulu. Esinye sezizathu ukuthi ingathinta abantu abanonembeza ohlukile kowethu. Lokho siyakubona eselulekweni sikaPawulu mayelana nenyama okungenzeka yayinikelwe esithombeni kamuva yathengiswa emakethe. UmKristu kufanele akukhathalele ‘ukungalimazi onembeza ababuthakathaka.’ Uma ekhuba abanye, angase ‘alimaze umfowabo, uKristu afa ngenxa yakhe’ kanjalo one kuKristu. Ngakho, nakuba indaba yezingxenyana ezincane zegazi ingeyesinqumo somuntu siqu, leso sinqumo kufanele sibhekwe njengesingathí sina ngempela.—1 Korinte 8:8, 11-13; 10:25-31.

18. UmKristu angakugwema kanjani ukubulala unembeza wakhe ezinqumweni eziphathelene negazi?

¹⁸ Isici esihlobene nalokhu sigcizelela ukungathí sina kwezinqumo eziphathelene negazi. Lesi sici siwumphumela lezo zinqumo ezingaba nawo kuwe. Uma ukwamukela ingxenyana encane yegazi kungawukhathaza unembeza wakho oqeqeshwe ngeBhayibheli, akufanele uwushalazele. Akufanele futhi ucindezele ukuthambekela kukanembeza wakho ngoba nje omunye umuntu ethi kuwe, “Akunankinga ukwamukela le ngxenyana; baningi asebeyamukele.” Khumbula, abantu abayizigidi namuhla bayawushalazela unembeza wabo, bese ufa, ubavumele baqambe amanga noma benze ezinye izinto ezingalungile bangazisoli. AmaKristu afuna ukuyigwema nakanjani inkambo enjalo.—2 Samuweli 24:10; 1 Thimothewu 4:1, 2.

19. Lapho sinquma ezindabeni zezokwelapha ezihilela igazi, yini okufanele ize kuqala njalo engqondweni?

¹⁹ Ngasesiphethweni sayo, impendulo enyatheliswe kabusha emakhasini 29-31 ithi: “Ingabe iqiniso lokuthi imibono kanye nezinqumo ezisekelwe kunembeza kungase kuhluke lisho ukuthi lena yindaba engasho lutho? Cha. Ibalulekile.” Iyindaba engathí sina kakhulu ngoba kuhileleke ubuhlobo bakho ‘noNkulunkulu ophilayo.’ Lobo buhlobo yibo kuphela obungaholela ekuphileni okuphakade, ngokusekelwe emandleni asindisayo egazi likaJesu elachitheka. Hlakulela umuzwa ojulile wenhlonipho ngegazi ngenxa yalokho uNkulunkulu akwenzayo ngalo—ukusindisa ukuphila. UPawulu wabhala kufanele: “Naningenathemba ningenaye uNkulunkulu ezweni. Kodwa manje kuKristu Jesu nina enanikade nikude seniye naba seduze ngegazi likaKristu.”—Efesu 2:12, 13.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

Uyakhumbula?

• Isiphi isiqondiso uNkulunkulu asinikeza mayelana negazi kuNowa, kuma-Israyeli, nakumaKristu?

• Ngokuqondene negazi, yini oFakazi BakaJehova abayenqaba ngokuphelele?

• Kungamuphi umqondo ukwamukela izingxenyana ezincane zegazi ezithathwe engxenyeni eyinhloko kuyindaba kanembeza womuntu, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthini?

• Lapho senza izinqumo, kungani kufanele sigcine ubuhlobo bethu noNkulunkulu buza kuqala engqondweni?

[Imibuzo Yesifundo]

[Ishadi ekhasini 22]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

UKUMA OKUYISISEKELO NGEGAZI

IGAZI ELIPHELELE

▾ ▾ ▾ ▾

AKWAMUKELEKI Amangqamuzana Amangqamuzana Ama-platelet I-plasma

abomvu amhlophe

UMKRISTU ▾ ▾ ▾ ▾

UYAZINQUMELA Izingxenyana Izingxenyana Izingxenyana Izingxenyana

ezihlungwe ezihlungwe ezihlungwe ezihlungwe

emangqamuzaneni emangqamuzaneni kuma- kuyi-

abomvu amhlophe platelet plasma

[Isithombe ekhasini 20]

Indikimba ebusayo yaphetha ngokuthi amaKristu kumelwe ‘adede egazini’

[Isithombe ekhasini 23]

Ungawushalazeli unembeza wakho uma ubhekana nesinqumo esihilela ingxenyana yegazi